CN102907294A

CN102907294A - Infiltrating micro-irrigation system

Info

Publication number: CN102907294A
Application number: CN2012101185449A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王建民; 史贞
Original assignee: SHENZHEN XINKANGWO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen easy driving technology Co.,Ltd.; Shenzhen Jin Ma Tian Network Technology Co.,Ltd.; Shi Zhen; Wang Jianmin
Priority date: 2012-04-23
Filing date: 2012-04-23
Publication date: 2013-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-23
Also published as: CN102907294B

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro-irrigation system, a manufacturing method and an application of the micro-irrigation system. An irrigation element of an irrigation section of the micro-irrigation system is an unpowered self-adapting, lasting and balanced infiltrating micro-irrigation pipe or container; the irrigation element comprises a capillary infiltration layer (11) with a three-dimensional mesh structure; and the capillary infiltration layer is made from a capillary infiltrating micro-irrigation material with the three-dimensional mesh structure, and the micro-irrigation element is further coated with a gel protective layer (13). The micro-irrigation system has a composite infiltration structure, and the water can automatically permeate outwards or stop permeating outwards through the infiltrating micro-irrigation element according to the water potential height of the soil contacting the water. The system has the functions of resisting blockage and bacterium and can prevent a mouse, can be widely applied to the field of water-saving micro-irrigation and applied to a desert to play the roles of stabilizing sand and improving the desert, and can be applied to saline and alkaline lands to play the roles of holding down salt and alkali and transforming the saline and alkaline lands.

Description

A kind of infiltration irrigation system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of water saving micro irrigation system, relate in particular to a kind of buried irrigation system with infiltration function.

Background technology

China's water resource only accounts for 6% of world's total amount, is that the water resource deficiency has become the bottleneck of serious restriction Chinese national economy sustainable development than cultivated land resource (account for world's total amount 9%) resource more in short supply.Agricultural is the maximum industry of China's water, accounts for more than 70% of total water amount, and wherein water quantity for irrigating agricultural field accounts for 90%～95% of Water Consumption in Agriculture.Yet China's shortage of water resources and water resource waste and the phenomenon of depositing are very serious.Because irrigation technique falls behind, cause that water resource waste is serious, utilization ratio is low, aggravated the present situation of shortage of water resources.One of important channel of alleviating the contradiction of supply and demand for the water resource is Development of Water-Saving Irrigation.Water-saving irrigation is the general name than the irrigation technique of the obvious using water wisely of traditional irrigation and efficient water.At present, in the water-saving irrigation area, adopt the very little of modern advanced water-saving irrigation technique, the overwhelming majority has just tentatively been carried out transformation on economy of water cousumption by substandard.Therefore, the water-saving irrigation area of China especially the efficient water-saving irrigation area all exist huge development space and potentiality.

One of important channel of alleviating the contradiction of supply and demand for the water resource is Development of Water-Saving Irrigation.Water-saving irrigation technique mainly contains following several at present: (1) sprinkler irrigation technique, (2) drip irrigation technique, (3) infiltration irrigation technology.Infiltrating irrigation is continue sprinkling irrigation, after the drip irrigation, and a kind of novel micro irrigation technology that effectively descend is the irrigation method of economizing on water most of generally acknowledging at present, is the technical revolution of agricultural irrigation, is to make agricultural irrigation by the extensive another approach that moves towards Scientific Water Conservation.

Infiltrating irrigation, as its name suggests, namely irrigation water passes wall and slowly outwards is the sweating shape and oozes out, and immediately by the capillary action of the outside soil of wall, to soil body diffusion, supplies with the mode of a kind of continuous irrigation of moisture or liquid fertilizer to crop.But at present domestic all irrigation components are embedded in underground irrigation method, comprise that " underground drip irrigation " etc. all is considered as " infiltrating irrigation " [" infiltration irrigation technology existing problems and suggestion "-" irrigation and drainage " 97.16 (2) 4].According to this division, mainly contain following several types: 1. buried drip irrigation system, 2. foaming system, 3. rubber powder infill system, 4. vegetable fiber infill system.Above-mentioned technology exists all that blocking-proof result is poor, processing and forming technology is complicated, pore-forming efficiency is low, does not belong in essence the shortcoming that infiltration is irrigated.

It is the general designation that a class has the functional high molecule material of high water absorption character for agricultural high-moisture-retention resin (Water Retaining Polymers agent) or title water-loss reducer (Water Retaining Agent).Super absorbent resin at first grinds institute by U.S.'s farming and develops successfully, also begins to develop research in Japan, France, Britain and Germany etc. afterwards.The application study of its agriculture aspect starts from 20 century 70s, has obtained surprising effect after nineteen ninety.Wherein Japan sprinkles the super absorbent resin that one deck contains fertilizer in the 20cm depths at sandy beach, and its consumption is 2: 100 with the weight ratio of sand, the sowing spinach, and its yield per unit area is more than 2 times of the earth spinach.Russia uses the polyacrylamide super absorbent resin, strangle at the volga lattice and to have carried out the large tracts of land test, per hectare ground uses 100kg, can economize on water 50% and make increasing crop yield 20% 1 70%[Zhang Ke etc.: the research of super absorbent resin in agricultural is used, Liaoning chemical industry, the 12nd phase of the 36th volume 1, in December, 2007].Domesticly also extensively launched application study.Through for many years practice, also formed some effective usings method, mainly contain: 1. seed pelleting (film, coating) technology, 2. dip in the root technology, 3. mix native technology etc.Tang Guang etc. find after the soil moisture of using Super Absorbent Resin distributes having studied, and Super Absorbent Resin consists of the suction network together with the soil of mixing mutually with it, and moisture is absorbed and keeps.[Tang Guang, Li Hui, " crops saving water, resisting drought comparative experimental research " [J]. Beijing Agriculture science, 2000,18 (4): 25-29].Above-mentioned data shows, high water-retaining resin forms one " miniature reservoir " at the rhizosphere place, the moisture that keeps soil has been played obvious effect.

Prior art one:

In the water-saving irrigation field, what adopt the earliest is sprinkling irrigation.Sprinkling irrigation system is as main body take water distributing network, interior water pump and the engine of building that utilization is installed in the place, water source is sent to shower nozzle to the water at water source through being embedded in underground main and arm, on arm, every the vertical vertical tube of a determining deviation, a shower nozzle is installed on each vertical tube.Be sprayed onto ground through shower nozzle, as rainfall, crop irrigated.The shortcoming of prior art one: although sprinkling irrigation is than traditional flood irrigation water saving, but unavoidably to be subject to Wind effect, the waste of water owing to being operation on the ground, also can be caused because of evaporation simultaneously in irrigation water can be blown off irrigated area or blow to the waste that causes water in the air of strong wind.Also can cause hardening of surface soil, affect the permeability of soil, and then affect output.Owing to sprinkling irrigation needs the artificial irrigation time that determines, thus improper such as control, also can cause because of deep percolation the waste of irrigation water.Can find out simultaneously, the elevated pressures that does not have water pump and engine to form, water is impossible be sprayed onto at a distance, so sprinkling irrigation will consume mass energy and labor management expense.

Prior art two:

Drip irrigation is the form of pouring water that water drop by drop, is evenly splashed into lentamente near the soil crop root zone by being installed in water dropper on the hollow billet.Splash into the on the one hand transverse movement of water droplet of soil, infiltrate on the one hand the formation wetting body downwards.The shape of wetting body generally first becomes spherosome by oblate sphere with the increase of the total amount of dripping, and becomes at last column.Under condition of drip irrigation, flow is little owing to dripping, and water droplet slowly buries, thereby near the soil moisture water dropper is in the saturation state, the soil moisture at other position all is in unsaturated state, and moisture main capillarity by soil in soil enters to blend diffusion.Irrigation water loss for the surface evaporation that solves the ground drip irrigation existence brings covers whole irrigated area with plastic film, can not evaporate so that irrigate the surface water that produces.The shortcoming of prior art two: although drip irrigation is more economized on water than sprinkling irrigation, still operation on the possession is so surface water steam raising still can cause the irrigation water waste.Drip irrigation is that a kind of " point type " irrigates because in fact " point type " Irrigation character has formed saturation region and unsaturated district in the irrigated area, this inhomogeneities so that the water of saturation region since Action of Gravity Field continue to cause the irrigation water waste to the deep subsoil seepage.Secondly, adopts this " point type " to irrigate, only have and the drip head closeness is installed in the hollow billet acquires a certain degree, soil could form continuous wetting body, thus hollow billet and drip head that need to be a large amount of, bring invest huge.The equipment investment of drip irrigation is sprayed taller, and this is the practical difficulty in applying present stage.The 3rd, hollow billet and drip head are plastic products, and long term exposure if do not take the anti-aging measure, very easily causes because hollow billet and drip head are aging whole irrigation system was lost efficacy under sunshine.The 4th, if irrigation water is dealt with improperly, the impurity that irrigation water carries can will drip hole plug in managing.Except physical clogging,,, under the effect of sunlight, also very easily form biochemistry and stop up as not carrying out specially treated at the drip head position.The 5th, adopt the power drip irrigation allegedly can resist obstruction, but even so, must consumption of power.Drip irrigation can adopt gravity drip-irrigation, although this also is unpowered irrigation, as unmanned is control, no matter the plant demand what, it can drip to always water tank anhydrous till, thereby cause the irrigation water waste.Under-film drip irrigation has only solved the surface evaporation of irrigation water, and not only other problems still exists, and also again increases because overlay film causes expense.

Prior art three:

For avoiding surface water evaporation to cause the irrigation water waste or saving the overlay film expense, mutation as the ground irrigation system, in practical operation, keep whole irrigation system structure constant, the suitable degree of depth in placing into the soil with whole hollow billet or with the hollow billet of the drip head installed on the hollow billet, stop the irrigation evaporation of water with the soil that covers the drip irrigation pipe upper strata, consist of underground drip irrigation system, person is also arranged, and this is infiltrating irrigation system.In order to prevent that apopore from stopping up, patent ZL200820077586.1 has conceived a kind of will making pottery with soil and has sintered on the apopore that the water seepage piece that contains many pores is installed in the water supply body.Patent ZL98233435.4 has conceived a kind ofly will be injection molded into Seeping watering arrangement with the chemical fibre boundling, be connected in the pipeline system with the regular screw threads pipe cap, form the infiltrating irrigation system that contains the water seepage piece of many pores on the apopore that is installed in the water supply body.The shortcoming of prior art three: obstruction is the principal element of restriction underground drip irrigation technique development.Obstruction is divided into two large classes: a class forms obstruction for dealing with improperly owing to irrigation water to cause from pipe interior.This obstruction must be started with from processing irrigation water.The another kind of obstruction of stopping up with respect to inside can be called outside the obstruction.The outside obstruction mainly can be divided into four large classes: a class is microorganism clogging.Microorganism clogging also can produce when ground drip irrigation, but buried rear microorganism clogging becomes even more serious; One class is that chemistry stops up.It mainly is owing to this intermittent operation of drip irrigation so that the dissolved matter crystallization in the irrigation water results in blockage that chemistry stops up; One class is stopped up for the external physical that causes owing to direct and soil close contact.Water is in saturation state near the soil of the weeper of drip irrigation, a large amount of gravitational water is so that near the granular structure of the earth the weeper is destroyed, form mud, add that drip irrigation belongs to gravity irrigation, gravity and pressure are irrigated the fluctuation that unavoidably can produce inside water pressure, this fluctuation meeting forms constantly " flow to and flow out " of water at the weeper regional area, in similar " cell breath " mud suction tube with the outside of generation, cause the water dropping openings physical clogging; One class is that the water person's character that becomes of root system of plant causes the capillary coring to grow to weeper, forms root system of plant and will drip hole plug.Prior art there is no the effective means solution to these outside obstructions.Above-mentioned patented technology attempts to come anti-clogging with pore, though certain effect is arranged, but still belong to limited pore, its anti-blocking life-span is relatively poor.

Prior art four:

Adopt the physical method pore-forming, the pore-forming limited amount, the hole of negligible amounts is always more easily stopped up than a fairly large number of hole.Adopt the physico-chemical process pore-forming, because the hole number of Nature creating is huge, prevent from stopping up effect obviously better than drip irrigation.Patent application 200810010002.3 proposes to make a kind of infiltrating irrigation pipe with " plastic microporous foaming hole creating technology "; Patent ZL97105647.1, patent application 200710012873.4 and patent ZL03257250.6 propose to add blowing agent with plastics or rubber plastic blend material and extrude a kind of infiltrating irrigation pipe of preparation; Patent ZL98125656.2, ZL200610152776.0 adopt to pulverize and reclaim rubber powder filling hole creating technology; Patent application 99111277.6 adopts plastics and plant fibre blending to prepare infiltrating irrigation pipe.The shortcoming of prior art four: how above-mentioned technology is controlled to porosity, pore size, aperture even etc. all is a technical barrier.Foaming tube " tube wall contains a large amount of micropores, and have be permeable hole on a small quantity " is admitted in patent application 200710012873.4.Obviously this technology is extremely low by the efficient (percent opening) that foaming generates permeable hole.Permeable hole very little, and is not favourable concerning irrigating.Pulverizing the production particle diameter increases at the huge cost that brings of the recovery rubber fine powder power consumption below 10 microns.Patent ZL99111277.6 processing step is many, more complicated.Particularly attempt to use the high voltage direct current electrolytic sodium chloride, the chlorine that discharges is that the sodium hydroxide of toxic and harmful, generation is a kind of highly basic, and complex process is dangerous, and environmental protection treatment causes expense to increase severely.

Prior art five:

Its internal layer of the described multiple tube of patent ZL201020555061.1 is that tube wall is established foraminate plastic conduit, and skin is a kind of class cotton matter with alveolate texture.Patent ZL201020572907.2 is wrapped in the braided wires fabric outside the microporous pipe.Patent ZL200610048383.5 design be to be that 50～70% drip irrigation pipe puts an infiltrating irrigation pipe that is made of nonwoven at aperture opening ratio, for reducing the water flow mode of continuous piping in the inner tube, has constructed again the centre a kind of " the nexine carrying capacity is large, the unordered netted outer frame that outer carrying capacity is little ".Patent ZL01139268.1 becomes knitting pipe with chemical-fibres filaments or yarn by knitting machine weaving, then become coating material to be coated in the pipe surfaces externally and internally with the plastics hybrid process in the water-soluble inorganic powder, this multiple tube being immersed in the water repeatedly traction extruding 20 times, the water soluble salt stripping is formed permeable hole consist of Clogproof filtration irrigation composite tube buried ground.The shortcoming of prior art five: the internal layer of prior art design is microporous pipe, outer or have " alveolate texture " class cotton matter tubulose plastic layer or braided wires fabric or construct the intermediate layer for " unordered netted outer frame " and adopt braiding, coating, dipping preparation osmos tube to be complicated process program, production efficiency is low, cost is high.

Prior art six:

Patent ZL201120075166.1 and patent application 98124543.9, the single that one thread is had the capillary water seepage function inserts from a hole of water-supply-pipe, insert out in another hole, the middle part of single is stayed in the feed pipe, pipeline is embedded in consist of the infiltrating irrigation system in the soil.The technical scheme of patent application 200380100379.3,00109474.2,03178330.9,200410040811.0, patent ZL00129772.4 etc. is that the various collections of filaments are wrapped in plastics or the rubber sleeve, opening of capillary fiber bundle pipes inserts in the water supply line, the other end is exposed to the fiber of boundling outside plastics or the rubber sleeve, be embedded in the soil, consist of the infiltrating irrigation system.Patent ZL200410055570.7 has conceived a kind of infiltrating irrigation pipe, be connected be surrounded by " the similar wick-like slender threads that a lot of very thin filiforms consist of " of a series of axially-aligned at water-supply-pipe outer edge circumferencial direction, this " slender threads " is connected with " the water inlet through hole " and " water outlet through hole " of " some " at the water-supply-pipe inside and outside wall.The shortcoming of prior art six: prior art is a kind of irrigation technique of Limited water supply point in essence, and it is more complicated that fiber bundle is penetrated the technique that passes water-supply-pipe.

Prior art seven:

It is by " the plasticizing forming matrix of materials " and " interleaving agent " that is made of " atoleine, silicone oil or lubricating oil " that comprise " inert filler " that " bentonite of powdery, white carbon, active carbon, calcium carbonate or starch " consists of, be made of plastics that patent ZL200710071720.7 and patent ZL200720115485.4 have introduced the composition that consists of water permeating pipeline.It is first that inert filler and interleaving agent is even in required ratio adding stirrer for mixing that this composition is processed into the method for irrigating device, and then plastics are dropped into agitator stirs and use the comminutor extruding pelletization.Again this particle is dropped into process equipment and be prepared into tubing, film or container.A kind of film and manufacture method thereof with nano-scale aperture introduced in 200910071769.1 of patent applications.Use the inert material of nano-scale and with " surfactant " filler has been carried out the premixed processing." interleaving agent " that the shortcoming of prior art seven: patent ZL200710071720.7 and patent ZL200720115485.4 adopt, actual is filling plastic modification field size, dispersant or surface modifier commonly used.In claims, " interleaving agent " done following explanation: " described interleaving agent refers to have certain compatibility also can form on above-mentioned inert material surface the material of one deck liquid film with matrix; this interleaving agent is present in the centre of inert material phase and this two-phase of plastics in process thereafter; with the isolation two-phase; prevent that the inert material particle from directly contacting with plastic material ", when the beneficial effect that explain to use interleaving agent to obtain, say: " between matrix phase and the filler phase one deck release agent layer is arranged; after goods process, interleaving agent migrate to gradually matrix for example plastics mutually in.Thereby stay tiny space the plastics phase is alternate with filler " formed penetrating passage.According to general knowledge, even there is the described transition process of this patent, the space that this migration stays between filler and macromolecule matrix is quite trickle, this passage that can only form between filler and matrix is limited, a large amount of gaps are isolated agent isolation blocking-up between filler, can not form the penetrating passage that runs through, even if the gap is not isolated the agent blocking-up, can cause because of the lipophilic-hydrophobic property of interleaving agent water infiltration difficulty yet.As seen from the above analysis, this processing of this patent can not improve the voidage of penetration material, can not improve the permeability of water under the state of same space.A class " surfactant " has been used in patent application 200910071769.1, and think, behind this modified materials blown film, available water extracts the part surface activating agent, " space that this part surface activating agent originally occupied in film body becomes the pore-forming of through channel, and pore size is in the nanoscale scope ".We think that above-mentioned patent attempts the surfactant water of being combined with filler is extracted, and do not meet to meet scientific common sense, and he also can not realize whereby the semipermeable membrane effect of desired acquisition.By scientific common sense as can be known, the typical structure model of surfactant is that an a kind of end is that the lipophilic group other end is the material that hydrophilic radical forms.When processing hydrophilic inorganic filler with it, a hydrophilic end is the combination with filler generation chemical reaction inwardly, the other end of oleophylic is outside, changing original water-wetted surface is oil-wetted surface, make it greatly to improve with the compatibility of macromolecule matrix, make the combination of two-phase interface of filler and macromolecule matrix more firm.Extensively adopt this processing method in plastic processing modification field, to improve the bulk strength of material.But the field that occurs micropore permeation in hope, this firmly in conjunction with not being hoped, it is desirable that to be that the filler particles that disperses is dispersed in the macromolecule matrix two-phase interface compatibility very poor, without any combination, having a large amount of gaps between two-phase interface and the particle, is disadvantageous so use surfactant to generating micropore.In other words, use surfactant that pore-forming efficiency is reduced.

In addition, the technique of above-mentioned technology preparation infiltration material is backward, use interleaving agent or surfactant that filler is carried out preliminary treatment, must mix adding mixer after filler and interleaving agent or the surfactant metering first, make interleaving agent or surfactant be wrapped in uniformly filling surface, this operation is a kind of intermittent operation of a large amount of use manpowers, owing to needing the frequent mixer loading and unloading material of opening, so labour intensity is large, add the particularly powder of nano-scale of ultra-fine powder, inevitably make and mix the place dust from flying, the working environment dust pollution is serious, and is very big to the infringement of human body.Use interleaving agent, surfactant all to increase the cost of raw material, and bring thus longer technological process, increased operation, increased investment, improved production cost, reduced production efficiency.In addition, the filling proportion of prior art is lower.The ratio of patent ZL200710071720.7 filler and plastic substrate is 5～30: 100; The ratio of patent application 200910071769.1 fillers and plastic substrate is 5～60: 100.

Patent application 200910071473.X and 200910072606.5, patent ZL200920100470.X have conceived double-deck " water cable ", its internal layer for " one group of semipermeable membrane tube wall, both carried moisture; discharge again the core pipe of moisture to soil by the tube wall infiltration ", outer wall then is to adopt " chemical fibre, glass fibre, rock wool fibers or stainless steel wire, nonwoven, chemical fiber cloth, burlap adopt ripe closing or back-up coat sheath that method of sewing is made ".The semipermeable membrane of this technology must directly contact just with soil may form the semipermeable membrane effect.Its " back-up coat sheath " may weaken contacting of semipermeable membrane and soil, destroyed patent application 200910071473.X described " water cable-soil-plant has formed the dynamical system of a water translocation ", makes its permeability performance variation.

Above-mentioned patent is all without mentioning antibacterial and antimildew function.This case has been added a small amount of have the inorganic of antibacterial and antimildew function or metal ion auxiliary agent in the selection of inorganic particle, under the prerequisite that does not reduce permeance property, has greatly improved the ability that the antibiont of infiltrating irrigation element stops up.

Prior art eight:

Irrigate water use efficiency for improving, patent CN201020225777.5 has constructed a full automatic irrigation system of passing through wireless communication module and the wireless connections of described irrigation monitor controller that is comprised of CSRC computer, irrigation monitor controller, hub, several soil moisture sensors and several valve positioners, magnetic valve.Utilize the measured data of online soil nmoisture content analyser, realize online auto monitoring and the control of soil moisture content, improved agriculture seasonal drought water shortage status, guaranteed uniformity of irrigation water appilcation, precisely supply water so that crops supply water to change into as required, guarantee the agricultural production stable yields.Meagrely-populated Desert Area plant irrigation there is realistic meaning.The shortcoming of prior art eight: obviously, use this prior art can realize irrigation automation, but Project system is complicated, the investment is huge.

Prior art nine:

Patent ZL200710072157.5 " long hydrophone, long hydrophone irrigation system and the application in alkaline land improvement thereof " uses a kind of water receptacle with sealing of what is called " semipermeable membrane " function.This container or with sheet or tube heat seal or use the container of the method preparation of mechanical seal, or adopt the hollow container of plastics blow molding method preparation.The both ends open of container, an end is water inlet, an end is discharge outlet.The effect of discharge outlet is when using in the saline land, and saline and alkaline " can pass film to the pipe inner penetration " is until when concentration of aqueous solution equates with extraneous salt alkali concn in the container, enter the field drainage system by discharge outlet with saline-alkali water.This patent uses " semipermeable membrane " concept to explain the function that he expects, since but be semipermeable membrane, perhaps have certain use value as an irrigation container that simply has infiltration function, but will as the means on a transformation salinity ground, not have scientific basis.He is described: when long hydrophone was embedded in the saline land, " moisture can permeate to soil one side " be " solute ions (again) can be passed film to the pipe inner penetration " simultaneously.Since use " semipermeable membrane " concept, just should be that water can pass film soil permeability outside pipe, but salt ion must not " pass film to the pipe inner penetration " again, otherwise be not semipermeable membrane just.Even described according to this technical scheme, when passing semipermeable membrane, moisture permeates to outside soil one side, simultaneously " solute ions (again) can pass film to the pipe inner penetration " time, mixed again with solute in the film internal water, so be difficult to realize the effect on his transformation salinity ground, this technology is relatively poor to the correctional effect in saline land.

In sum, the technology that has the capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation infiltration slight irrigation element of three-dimensional net structure in the prior art without employing, do not adopt hydrogel permeation layer that the high-moisture-retention resin gets as the technology of outside permeable layer yet, the control of gained irrigation system carrying capacity and water delivery time is outer machinery or artificial, it or not the demand that automatically adapts to plant, can not continue, balancedly infiltration, without antibiotic, the protection against rodents ability, resistance to blocking is poor, irrigation water is subjected to liquid level to affect in time minimizing, can not Reusability, not environmental protection, complex process, energy consumption is large, production efficiency is low, the high in cost of production shortcoming.

Summary of the invention

(1): a kind of slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function and preparation method thereof

A kind of slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function and preparation method thereof, do not contain interleaving agent and surfactant in this material, the inorganic filler ratio of filling is higher, overcome in the prior art infiltration effect of material relatively poor, investment is large, the cost of raw material is high, technological process is long, production efficiency is low, the shortcoming that the overall manufacturing cost is high, this material has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix simultaneously, be uniform-distribution with the structure of being piled up the capillary infiltration network that consists of by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, this structure had both guaranteed processing and the serviceability of material, again can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can automatically outwards seep water by the capillary network of material internal or stop outside infiltration.This material also can have function antibiotic, that keep away mouse, can be widely used in the infiltrating irrigation element such as various infiltrating irrigation tubing, filtration irrigation membrane pipe, filtration irrigation membrane pipe (band), hollow container, film of buried slight irrigation domain requirement.

The invention provides a kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material, comprise following component:

Component A: thermoplastic, this thermoplastic comprise polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend take above-mentioned thermoplastic as the master/modification by copolymerization thing,

Wherein: described thermoplastic melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min;

B component: hydrophilic inorganic filler, described hydrophilic inorganic filler comprises the flyash that salt slurry that condensation polymer, condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, the chlorine industry of oxide, the silicate of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulphate, silicon produce, red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or boiler that Aluminum produces produce, perhaps two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler, the particle diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is: 10 μ m-1.6 μ m;

The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited with parts by weight by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphorous acid esters thermal oxidation stabilizer at 1: 1;

The high fluidity polyethylene of auxiliary agent component D: melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min or polypropylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene;

The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are:

A：100，B：45-300，C：0.2-1.0，D：1-5；

Above-mentioned each component is taken at the mixing capillary percolation slight irrigation material that makes in the mixing roll according to weighing balance.This material has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water or stops outside infiltration by this capillary infiltration network.

Its component A is the polyethylene of melt mass flow rate≤0.1g/10min.

Its component A is the polypropylene of melt mass flow rate≤0.4g/10min.

The particle size range that it is characterized in that its B component is 6.5 μ m-1.6 μ m.

The particle size range that it is characterized in that its B component is 2.6 μ m-1.6 μ m.

The parts by weight that it is characterized in that its B component are 65-200.

The parts by weight that it is characterized in that its B component are 85-150.

It is characterized in that also can adding nano-particle material in its B component, its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

It is characterized in that its nano-particle material is nano-calcium carbonate.

The grain size that it is characterized in that nano-particle material is 60nm～100nm.

The grain size that it is characterized in that nano-particle material is 60nm～80nm.

The adding parts by weight that it is characterized in that its nano-particle material are≤6.

It is characterized in that its auxiliary agent component C is that four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol esters and tricresyl phosphite (2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester are composited.

It is characterized in that its auxiliary agent component D is high fluidity polyethylene or the polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=70g/10min.

It is characterized in that this material also contains adjuvant component E: antibacterial agent, described antibacterial agent is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on the compound take titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide as carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

It is characterized in that this material also contains adjuvant component F: keep away the mouse agent, described slaine that the mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsaicine or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away the mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

This material also contains adjuvant component G: carbon black or toner, its parts by weight are: 1-5.

A kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation method; adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating type single screw mixing comminutor; the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 〉=40: 1; the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree; screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are the screwing element of 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel than (Do/Di); be provided with exhaust outlet in the charge door downstream; described three grades hydrophilic of inorganic filler employings or the multistage material feeding process of level Four; the amount of filler that the first order adds is the 40%-60% of hydrophilic inorganic filler amount; when containing nano-particle material; the first order should all add all nano-sized filler first; then according to 40%～20%; 30%～0%; 20%～0% ratio with remaining filler from the second level; the third level; the fourth stage adds step by step, and mixing granulator makes material.

A kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation method; adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating type single screw mixing comminutor; the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 48: 1; the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree; screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are the screwing element of 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel than (Do/Di); be provided with exhaust outlet in the charge door downstream; the level Four material feeding process is adopted in described hydrophilic inorganic filler; the amount of filler that the first order adds is the 40-60% of hydrophilic inorganic filler amount; when containing nano-particle material; the first order should all add all nano-sized filler first; then according to 40%～20%; 30%～0%; 20%～0% ratio with remaining filler from the second level; the third level; the fourth stage adds step by step, and mixing granulator makes material.

A kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation method; adopt the masterbatch preparation method; use the twin-screw mixer comminutor; the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 48: 1; the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree; screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are the screwing element of 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel than (Do/Di); be provided with exhaust outlet in the charge door downstream; the level Four material feeding process is adopted in described hydrophilic inorganic filler; the amount of the hydrophilic inorganic filler that the first order adds is the 40%-60% of hydrophilic inorganic filler amount; when containing nano-particle material; the first order should all add all nano-sized filler first; the second level; the third level; the fourth stage is reinforced; according to 40%～20%; 30%～0%; 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step; mixing granulator makes the material masterbatch and masterbatch and remaining thermoplastic is joined in the dual-screw pelletizer again, is processed into material.During the processing technology of masterbatch, first the resin and plastic of whole fillers and part is made masterbatch, then with masterbatch and remaining plastics again granulation make.

A kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation method adopts the continuous mixing comminutor, with the disposable adding of all materials, makes material requested.

Mother material can obtain better dispersion effect owing to through twice mixing process, for the less filler systems of particle diameter, particularly containing the system of nano particle.

Material preparation method of the present invention also can adopt continuous mixing (FCM) comminutor process route.The mixing cavity volume of continuous mixer is large than the twin-screw mixer comminutor, can disposablely hold the infill system that particle is thin, bulk density is less, volume is larger, so can with the disposable adding of all materials, make material requested.

Processing temperature generally between 110-290 ℃, depends primarily on type and the ratio of selected plastics kind and filler, and concrete temperature range will provide in an embodiment.

The hydrophilic inorganic filler surface of adding in the material of the present invention has numerous hydrophilic polar functional groups, so have the capillary percolation function, but because the existence of polar functional group, so that its wellability, compatibility with not hydrophilic thermoplastic is all very poor, very difficult quilt evenly is added in the plastics, so often need to add surface modifier at traditional field of plastics processing filler is carried out surface modification, make wellability, the compatibility of its change or increase and plastics, satisfy processing and the serviceability of material to obtain enough mechanical properties.But surface modification treatment has often been destroyed the hydrophily of inorganic filler, has sacrificed the capillary percolation performance of inorganic filler.The present invention is in order to keep the hydrophilic permeance property of inorganic filler, filler is not carried out surface modification treatment, for different materials, by techniques such as classification are reinforced, filler is filled in the plastics, be evenly distributed in the plastic substrate with a kind of reunion attitude that can allow, formed a kind of aggregate that is piled into by countless hydrophilic inorganic filler particles and be evenly distributed on structure in the continuous plasticity network that is consisted of by not hydrophilic thermoplastic.The body of piling up of hydrophilic inorganic filler particle connects into a continuous 3 D stereo capillary channel, provides material fabulous infiltrate characteristic, and the continuous 3 D stereo network that not hydrophilic thermoplastic forms provides processing and the mechanical and physical performance of material.

(2): a kind of infiltration micro irrigation pipe and manufacture method thereof

A kind ofly have unpowered, self adaptation, continue, the micro irrigation pipe of balanced infiltration function and preparation method thereof, its main feature has: the power of infiltrating irrigation tubing water outlet is not external pressure, gravity but capillary percolation and gel synaeresis do not need external impetus; The control of carrying capacity is not outer machinery or artificial, but automatically adapts to the demand of plant, and according to the height of outside soil water potential, Automatic-seepage water or stop infiltration having adaptation function; Good anti-clogging effect is so that tubing can keep continuing the infiltration effect; The capillary percolation function is so that irrigate uniform balance.Use this slight irrigation pipe racks and auxiliary irrigate essential element with other, can consist of a kind of " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration slight irrigation system ".Simple process of the present invention, cost is low, has solved the not environmental protection that exists in the prior art, complex process, production efficiency low, the high in cost of production problem.This infiltration micro irrigation pipe comprises the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function described in aforementioned (1).

A kind of infiltration micro irrigation pipe, this pipe is comprised of double-decker, and it is outer that internal layer is the perforate screwed pipe that recess has strip or circular opening in order to have the capillary percolation pipe of capillary water seepage function,

Described capillary percolation pipe adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate of this thermoplastic (MFR)≤4g/10min (GB/T 3682-2000,190 ℃/2.16kg, lower same); Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that described capillary percolation pipe can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.

It is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend take above-mentioned thermoplastic as the master/modification by copolymerization thing; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulphate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, perhaps two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.

It is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antibacterial agent, described antibacterial agent is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on the compound take titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide as carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

It is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away the mouse agent, described slaine that the mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsaicine or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away the mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

This capillary percolation micro irrigation pipe has the aggregate that is piled into by countless hydrophilic inorganic filler particles and is evenly distributed on the three-dimensional network capillary infiltration structure that is made of not hydrophilic thermoplastic.The body of piling up of hydrophilic inorganic filler particle connects into a continuous 3 D stereo capillary penetrating passage, provide micro irrigation pipe fabulous infiltrate characteristic, not hydrophilic thermoplastic consists of a continuous 3 D stereo plasticity network, has guaranteed processing and the mechanical and physical performance of micro irrigation pipe.That this micro irrigation pipe has is unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration function, can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, the capillary network structure by pipe wall material inside outwards seeps water or stops outside infiltration.

A kind of anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe, this pipe is comprised of double-decker, and skin is the gel protective layer, and internal layer is the capillary percolation pipe with capillary water seepage function,

Described gel protective layer is comprised of nonwoven and high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, and by volume, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-3% of nonwoven, and described high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is thrown in the nonwoven space;

Described capillary percolation pipe adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that described capillary percolation pipe can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.The water that the capillary percolation pipe oozes out forms gel so that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal expands; in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network that is consisted of by nonwoven; the outer wall that the gel protective layer simultaneously is close to the capillary percolation pipe makes gel and capillary channel form one, and one side contacts with soil and forms the anti-clogging protective layer with infiltration function.

It is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in its outer gel protective layer is selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.

It is characterized by by volume, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-1% of nonwoven.

It is characterized in that also being surrounded by the gel protective layer at the skin of its capillary percolation pipe.

A kind of preparation method of micro irrigation pipe, the method may further comprise the steps:

The slight irrigation material that preparation has the capillary percolation function: adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating type single screw mixing comminutor, adopt the multistage material feeding process of three grades or level Four, the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 〉=40: 1, be provided with exhaust outlet in every grade of charge door downstream, the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are than the screwing element that is 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel, at first with whole plastics, auxiliary agent and 40%～60% filler, expect a mouthful adding from the mixing granulator owner, when containing nano-particle material, the first order should all add all nano-particle materials first, and then in the second level, the third level, fourth stage charge door, according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step, and mixing granulator makes the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function;

Preparation capillary percolation pipe: with obtained slight irrigation material tube extruding machine extruding pipe material with capillary percolation function, then this tubing inflation, stretching and sizing are processed into the capillary percolation pipe with capillary water seepage function, draw ratio is 1-7 times;

The perforate screwed pipe is imported in the capillary percolation pipe, form internal layer, under the temperature than low 5 ℃-20 ℃ of capillary percolation pipe melt initiation temperature degree, heat the capillary percolation pipe, make its contraction, be tightly placed on the perforate screwed pipe, make.

Draw ratio when it is characterized in that processing the capillary percolation pipe is 2-4 times.

It is characterized in that the heating-up temperature of capillary percolation pipe lower 5 ℃-10 ℃ than its melt initiation temperature degree.

A kind of preparation method of anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe may further comprise the steps:

The slight irrigation material that preparation has the capillary percolation function: adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating type single screw mixing comminutor, adopt the multistage material feeding process of three grades or level Four, the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 〉=40: 1, be provided with exhaust outlet in every grade of charge door downstream, the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are than the screwing element that is 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel, at first with whole plastics, auxiliary agent and 40%～60% filler, expect a mouthful adding from the mixing granulator owner, when containing nano-particle material, the～level should all add all nano-particle materials first, and then in the second level, the third level, fourth stage charge door, according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step, and mixing granulator makes the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function;

The preparation of gel protective layer: first the loose type nonwoven is welded or be stitched into pipe, again the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is sprinkling upon on the nonwoven, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is fallen in the nonwoven hole, behind 10-30 minute Steam treatment, the imbibition of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, be fixed in firmly in the nonwoven hole, form the gel protective layer;

At last the gel protective layer is enclosed within outside the capillary percolation pipe, obtaining can anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe.

Behind the pipeline water-filling; under the effect of water; crosslinked high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can further expand in loose nonwoven; because the expansion multiple after the suction of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can be up to hundred times; but by the water-insoluble plastic network that nonwoven consists of be the height tension; so the gel protective layer can tightly be attached on the wall of inner container with capillary percolation function, form the close contact that capillary layer and gel layer are integrated.This close contact can further improve osmotic effect, and the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal that expands simultaneously also can be outwardly, forms the gel protective layer with the soil particle good contact.

(3) a kind of infiltration slight irrigation container and preparation method thereof

A kind of have adaptive equalization infiltration irrigation function and a good slight irrigation container of anti-obstruction function, and its root zone of placing into the soil can directly be irrigated root system of plant.Automatically the demand that adapts to plant, height according to outside soil water potential, Automatic-seepage water or stop the infiltration, has adaptation function, there is not surface water evaporation waste, also non-existent because the gravity seepage of the irrigation water that the water dead weight causes is wasted, each is dripped all taken full advantage of by plants, irrigation water is saved minimum level, greatly improved the efficient of irrigation water.Good anti-clogging effect is so that container can keep continuing the infiltration effect; The capillary percolation function is so that irrigate uniform balance.It can use separately the effect of playing miniature reservoir, also can be connected with the pipeline system and auxiliary irrigates essential element with other, consists of a kind of " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, the balanced slight irrigation system of permeating ".This infiltration slight irrigation container comprises the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function described in aforementioned (1).

1. one kind is permeated the slight irrigation container, this container is made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate of this thermoplastic (MFR)≤4g/10min (GB/T 3682-2000,190 ℃/2.16kg, lower same); Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that the infiltration slight irrigation container of being made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this internal tank or stop outside infiltration, and this container has water inlet and exhaust outlet.

2. such as technical scheme 1 described infiltration slight irrigation container, it is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend take above-mentioned thermoplastic as the master/modification by copolymerization thing; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulphate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, perhaps two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.

3. the infiltration slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 1 is characterized in that also can adding nano-particle material in its B component, and its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

4. the slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 1, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain auxiliary agent component E: antibacterial agent, described antibacterial agent is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on the compound take titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide as carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

5. the infiltration slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 1, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain auxiliary agent component F: keep away the mouse agent, described slaine that the mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsaicine or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away the mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

6. anticlogging infiltration slight irrigation container; this container has double-decker; skin is the gel protective layer; internal layer consists of such as the described infiltration slight irrigation of technical scheme 1-5 container for adopting; described gel protective layer is comprised of nonwoven and high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal; by volume; the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-3% of nonwoven; described high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is thrown in the nonwoven space; the water that oozes out from internal layer forms gel so that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal expands; in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network that is consisted of by nonwoven; the outer wall that the gel protective layer simultaneously is close to internal layer makes gel and capillary channel form one, and one side contacts with soil and forms the anti-clogging gel protective layer with infiltration function.

7. such as anticlogging infiltration slight irrigation container as described in the technical scheme 6, it is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in its outer gel protective layer is selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.

8. anticlogging infiltration slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 6 is characterized by by volume, and the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-1% of nonwoven.

9. such as anticlogging infiltration slight irrigation container as described in the technical scheme 6, it is characterized in that its internal layer is made into the flat film container, on the described film container, with water inlet and blast pipe, on described water inlet and the blast pipe with horn mouth.Horn mouth is for the ease of pouring water and being connected with plug or pipeline.

10. such as the described slight irrigation container of one of technical scheme 1-5, it is characterized in that this container is Blow Molded Articles, described water inlet and blast pipe are helical form, and the outer surface of this container is strengthened structure with waling structure and horizontal concavity.

11. such as technical scheme 10 described slight irrigation containers, it is characterized in that also comprising a skin, described skin is the gel protective layer.

12. the preparation method of slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 1-5 may further comprise the steps:

The slight irrigation material that preparation has the capillary percolation function: adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating type single screw mixing comminutor, adopt the multistage material feeding process of three grades or level Four, the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 〉=40: 1, be provided with exhaust outlet in every grade of charge door downstream, the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are than the screwing element that is 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel, at first with whole plastics, auxiliary agent and 40%～60% filler, expect a mouthful adding from the mixing granulator owner, when containing nano-particle material, the first order should all add all nano-particle materials first, and then in the second level, the third level, fourth stage charge door, according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step, and mixing granulator makes material;

The preparation of slight irrigation container: the slight irrigation material that will have the capillary percolation function is processed into hollow container with hollow blow molding process, then stretches; Or this material is processed into film with inflation film manufacturing machine, then through welding, stretch, cut into needed container; Wherein draw ratio is 1～7 times.

13. the preparation method of the slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 12, it is characterized by its draw ratio is 2～4 times.

14. the preparation method of anticlogging slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 6-9 may further comprise the steps:

The preparation of internal layer: 12 described preparation methods prepare internal layer according to technical scheme;

Outer field preparation: the loose type nonwoven is cut into respective width; then the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is evenly dispensed on the loose type nonwoven; by volume; the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-3% of nonwoven; the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is evenly fallen in the hole of nonwoven; then use steam treatment 10-30 minute; the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is expanded; be fixed in firmly in the nonwoven hole; then will include the nonwoven welding of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal or be stitched into container-like; and be cut into corresponding length according to the size of slight irrigation container, it is enclosed within internal layer is outer to consist of the anticlogging slight irrigation container with gel protective layer.

Gel layer has not only promoted the infiltration effect of slight irrigation container, also plays anticlogging protection effect.

Internal layer container and outside gel protective layer with capillary percolation function consist of the double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container with outstanding anti-blockage function.After container is filled water; under the effect of water; crosslinked high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can further expand in loose nonwoven; because the expansion multiple after the suction of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can be up to hundred times; but by the water-insoluble plastic network that nonwoven consists of be the height tension; so the gel protective layer can tightly be attached on the wall of inner container with capillary percolation function, form the close contact that capillary layer and gel layer are integrated.This close contact can further improve osmotic effect, and the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal that expands simultaneously also can be outwardly, forms the gel protective layer with the soil particle good contact.

(4) a kind of unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system

This infiltration irrigation system comprises " a kind of infiltration slight irrigation container " described in " a kind of infiltration micro irrigation pipe " described in aforementioned (2) or (3)

Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation section (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation section is the infiltration micro irrigation pipe; Described infiltration micro irrigation pipe is comprised of double-decker, and outer internal layer is the perforate screwed pipe (12) that recess has strip or circular opening in order to have the capillary percolation pipe (11) of capillary water seepage function,

Described capillary percolation pipe (11) adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that described capillary percolation pipe (1) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.

2. such as 1 described infiltration irrigation system, it is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend take above-mentioned thermoplastic as the master/modification by copolymerization thing; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulphate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, perhaps two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.

3. the infiltration irrigation system described in 1 is characterized in that also can adding nano-particle material in its B component, and its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

As 1 described in irrigation system, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antibacterial agent, described antibacterial agent is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on the compound take titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide as carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

As 1 described in the infiltration irrigation system, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away the mouse agent, described slaine that the mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsaicine or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away the mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation section (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation section is the infiltration micro irrigation pipe; Described infiltration micro irrigation pipe is comprised of double-decker, and skin is gel protective layer (13), and internal layer is the capillary percolation pipe (11) with capillary water seepage function,

Described gel protective layer (13) is comprised of nonwoven and high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, and by volume, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-3% of nonwoven, and described high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is thrown in the nonwoven space;

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that described capillary percolation pipe (11) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.The water that capillary percolation pipe (11) oozes out forms gel so that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal expands; in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network that is consisted of by nonwoven; the outer wall that gel protective layer (4) one side is close to capillary percolation pipe (1) makes gel and capillary channel form one, and one side contacts with soil and forms the anti-clogging protective layer with infiltration function.

7. as the infiltration irrigation system described in 6, it is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in the outer gel protective layer (13) of micro irrigation pipe wherein is selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.

8. the infiltration irrigation system described in 6 is characterized by by volume, and the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-1% of nonwoven.

9. such as described infiltration irrigation system one of among the 1-5, it is characterized in that the skin of capillary percolation pipe (11) also is surrounded by gel protective layer (13).

Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation section (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation section is infiltration slight irrigation container, described infiltration slight irrigation container is made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that the infiltration slight irrigation container of being made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water or stop outside infiltration by the capillary channel with network structure of this internal tank, this container has water inlet (15) and exhaust outlet (10).

11. such as 10 described infiltration irrigation systems, the outer surface of described infiltration slight irrigation container also has gel protective layer (13).

12. such as the described infiltration irrigation system of 10-11, it is characterized in that this infiltration slight irrigation container is Blow Molded Articles, described water inlet (15) and blast pipe (10) are with spiral (14), and the outer surface of this container is strengthened structure (17) with waling structure (16) and horizontal concavity.

13. such as 11 described infiltration irrigation systems, described infiltration slight irrigation container is made into flat film container (11), on the described film container (11), with water inlet (15) and blast pipe (10).

14. such as the application of infiltration irrigation system as described in the 1-13, the infiltrating irrigation element of irrigation system is laid in underground, plant is carried out underground root system infiltrating irrigation.

15. such as the application of infiltration irrigation system as described in the 1-13, should permeate irrigation system and be applied to desert vegetation and irrigate.

16. such as the application of infiltration irrigation system as described in the 1-13, should permeate irrigation system and be applied to saline-alkali land vegetation and irrigate.

The present invention has overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that prior art exists, a kind of brand-new " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system " is provided, and its main feature has: 1, the power of infiltration slight irrigation element water delivery is not external pressure, gravity but capillary percolation and gel synaeresis (one of characteristics: unpowered); 2, the control of carrying capacity is not outer machinery or artificial, but automatically adapts to demand (two of the characteristics: self adaptation) of plant; 3, anti-clogging best results (three of characteristics: continue); 4, irrigate uniform balance (four of characteristics: equilibrium).Adopt this system to irrigate, there is not surface water evaporation waste, do not exist because the gravity seepage waste of the irrigation water that the water dead weight causes is dripped each and all taken full advantage of by plants yet, irrigation water is saved minimum level, greatly improved the efficient of irrigation water.Can be applicable to the water-saving irrigation of farming, forestry, be applied to desert vegetation and irrigate, can play the effect of fixing the sand, improve the desert; Be applied to the saline land and irrigate, can play the effect saline and alkaline, transformation salinity ground of pressing.

The slight irrigation element that makes is assembled to water source 1, head pivot 2, transmission and distribution network 3 and the irrigation section 4 of comprising, head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided in the irrigation system of main pipe, arm, distributing pipe, obtains a kind of unpowered, self adaptation, continues, balanced infiltration irrigation system.

This irrigation system can be applicable to the water-saving irrigation of farming, forestry.Can be applicable to desert vegetation and irrigate, play the effect of fixing the sand, improve the desert, irrigation system can adopt two large class modes: the straw plaited that 1, infiltrating irrigation pipe is laid in fixes the sand under the grid, grid centre grass planting or shrub; 2, the infiltrating irrigation container is embedded under every tree, with pipeline to the moisturizing of infiltrating irrigation container.This irrigation system also can be applicable to the saline land and irrigates, and plays the effect saline and alkaline, transformation salinity ground of pressing.

The technical program has mainly been brought following beneficial effect:

(1) simple process, performance of anti-blockage and other combination property are superior

Compare with existing hole creating technology (foaming pore-forming, waste old are pulverized and be filled to hole, wood powder or fiber-filled pore-forming, bundling capillary pipe, porous media etc.), the present invention adopts inorganic superfine powder body (for example calcium carbonate powder) to be dispersed in the plastics body, by the countless micropores of certain technique self-assembling formation.Used inorganic superfine powder body, very ripe such as the synthesis technique of precipitated calcium carbonate, nano-calcium carbonate etc., quite effective to the control of particle diameter and particle diameter distribution, product has been widely used in the fields such as papermaking, coating, modifying plastics.And the particle diameter of these inorganic superfine powder bodies and particle diameter distribution are the bases that determines bore size and distribution of sizes.The technology of the present invention is all than existing patented technology technique relative simple, use hole creating technology of the present invention, penetrating passage is automatically to generate, the efficient that generates the infiltration hole is higher, control to pore-size and distribution of sizes is more effective, countless continuous pores run through the surface of whole irrigation container, properties of product are more superior, so can form at soil the wetting body of continuous uniform, irrigate evenly, in the zone of having laid the prepared infiltrating irrigation container of the present invention, its uniformity of irrigation water appilcation generally can reach more than 95%, has improved irrigation efficiency, has increased output, cost is lower simultaneously, and the market competitiveness is higher.

Because penetrating passage of the present invention is to be made of countless continuous imperceptible pores, evenly through the surface of whole irrigation component, pore size is far smaller than the granular structure of soil; It irrigates the speed of water seepage and demand and the equilibrium that water yield depends on plant fully, does not have gravitational water, original of soil and capillary structure can not destroyed, and can not form thinner mud; Simultaneously since among the present invention oozing out of irrigation water do not need pressure, so do not exist because the mud back suction that pressure oscillation causes, so can not cause physical clogging; In addition, the present invention adopts a kind of composite structural design, has increased again a kind of block-resistant protection layer of new thought outside the capillary percolation layer.This protective layer is to have dosed high water-retaining resin in loose nonwoven skeleton, utilizes the characteristic of high water-retaining resin imbibition to form fine and close seamless gel protective layer, changes the compound infiltration that original simple capillary percolation is capillary percolation and gel.Gel layer is the hydrogel of a kind of " seamless ", can not stopped up by root system of plant so it neither can be stopped up also by soil particle; Because the gel layer protection is so that irrigation component of the present invention always keeps moisture state, so do not exist because the chemistry that dry fouling causes stops up; It is a kind of plane contact that simple capillary percolation element wall contacts with soil, and changes the contact of gel protective layer into, then is a kind of three-dimensional contact, has increased the contact area of irrigation component and soil.So anti-physical clogging of the present invention, the ability that anti-chemistry stops up and anti-root system of plant stops up are higher than any other scheme far away.In addition, the thermoplastic that the present invention uses is added with antibacterial agent, so the antibiont plugging performance is also very outstanding.The infiltration slight irrigation element of comprehensive above the present invention's preparation has outstanding comprehensive anti-blockage capability, and the slight irrigation system of formation has long service life.Capillary percolation slight irrigation system of the present invention also can be added anti-plague of rats agent as required, so the present invention possesses anti-plague of rats ability.

(2) reduce operation, reduced pollution, raise the efficiency, reduce cost, benefit is obvious

The present invention does not use any " interleaving agent ", " surfactant ", needn't carry out surface modification treatment to filler, need not increase water with the operation of part surface activating agent extracting yet, reduced operation, reduced pollution, reduce the cost of raw material and process costs, reduced labour intensity, improved work situation, improved production efficiency.In addition, have necessary mechanical strength for guaranteeing irrigation component, the filling proportion of the filler that the prior art scheme is used is lower.Patent ZL200710071720.7 filler and plastic substrate be 30: 100 (the filling percentage of filler is 23.1%) the most at high proportion; Patent application 200910071769.1 fillers and plastic substrate be 60: 100 (the filling percentage of filler is 37.5%) the most at high proportion.And the ratio of the filler that the technical program is added and plastics can be up to 300: 100 (the filling percentage of filler is 75%), if market polyvinyl resin, ultra-fine filling material price are by 12000 yuan/tons, 2000 yuan/tons at present, the filler of increase by 37.5%～51.9% can reduce by 3750 yuan/tons～5190 yuan/tons of the costs of raw material.Even do not consider because the cost of raw material of not using interleaving agent or surfactant to bring reduces, do not consider owing to needn't increase the reduction of the production cost that brings of heating mixed processes, only increase by one of filler and can reduce the cost of raw material and reach 45.5%～53.6%.Economic benefit is fairly obvious.

(3) stretching scheme has improved the infiltration effect

The present invention does not use the interleaving agent of any micromolecular oleophilic drainage, has only adopted the stretching scheme.Stretching has not only aggravated the extent of exfoliation between filler and the macromolecule matrix, the most important thing is to stretch and cause matrix that filler has been produced strong squeezing action, displacement occurs to reset so that be wrapped in the different interval fillers of matrix during melt-processed in this extruding, this displacement has been transmitted weak part that extraneous pulling force makes filler break through the interval matrix of parcel and has been formed perforation between the filler, and the gap that connects between the hydrophilic filler is the key that consists of penetrating passage.This gap will be far longer than the gap that prior art forms owing to interleaving agent migration, and this gap is made of hydrophilic granules fully, and its water permeability is far superior to use interleaving agent (oil substances) to obtain the effect that seeps water in the existing scheme.

(4) water saving, energy-conservation, cost saving

Use Microirrigation belt of the present invention under the with no pressure condition, to move, so but under the low pressure condition, move often in practical matter owing to the water source always has certain potential energy, the operating pressure of irrigator generally only has 1～4 meter water column pressure, generally only depends on limit, field water head tank to provide.As long as in the water head tank water is arranged, just can realize long-term unpowered uninterrupted automatic irrigation, so energy consumption is few.Simultaneously because infiltration slight irrigation container is embedded in underground, both avoided as surface irrigation owing to cruelly leaking the ageing failure that under sunshine, causes irrigation container for a long time, do not hinder again ground field management farming, the required labour that pours water is less, so both saved the expense of infiltration slight irrigation container frequent, saved again the operating cost of regular maintenance.

Existing all buried irrigations all belong to pressure or gravity irrigation, that is to say, in the situation that there is not human intervention, irrigation water can no matter plant whether demand can flow to always anhydrous till.But the subsurface irrigation mode that infiltration slight irrigation of the present invention is a kind of " adaptive mode ", in the process of pouring water not only upper soll layer keep dry, between strain and surface evaporation reduce, and unlikely generation surface runoff and deep percolation are so infiltration slight irrigation water is economized most.The infiltration slight irrigation is generally than surface irrigation water-saving 50%～70%, than sprinkling irrigation water-saving 15%～20%, than drip irrigation economize 10%.Avoided simultaneously using computer and electromechanical meters to realize the required a large amount of expenses of automation control.

(5) do not cause irrigating unbalanced with water level reduction, infiltrating area minimizing

Prior art, along with the carrying out of irrigating, the container middle water level reduces, and the water permeable area of irrigation container reduces, and can produce the irrigation unbalanced phenomena.If but use separately slight irrigation container of the present invention, along with the carrying out of irrigating, although the container middle water level also can descend, but because the existence of outside gel layer, as long as in the container water is arranged, the gel layer water yield of external container not only bottom is sufficient, because the transmission of the water between the gel, so that whole gel layer water is still sufficient, so as if the water level of the infiltration slight irrigation internal tank of this moment still do not reduce, still present a kind of balanced effect of irrigating.

(6) special fabrication design has improved the application of permeating the slight irrigation container

The present invention has improved the ability of the anti-external pressure of infiltration slight irrigation container by the blowing processing hollow container with reinforcement, makes to have solved the shortcoming that existing patent can not the husky extruding of anti-current, has improved range of application, and the desert afforestation and desertification control is played a key effect.

(7) greatly reduce the cost of solid water

It and the solid water irrigation method ratio of whole use high-moisture-retention resins, the present invention only uses thin layer on the surface, suppose and to save 95% resin, be equivalent to reduce by 95% cost such as the expense (compare with the high price of resin and can ignore) of not considering container.Greatly save the consumption of expensive high-moisture-retention resin, reduced cost, also improved simultaneously the water capacity under the unit volume.Because water can replenish in the container, so " solid water " that link to each other with system can Reusability, greatly improved the availability of expensive high water-retaining resin.

(8) be unfavorable for weed growth, reduced damage by disease and insect, improved crop yield

The present invention is the sub-irrigation of a kind of " adaptive mode ", can be with fertilizer and medicament (if necessary) with water, be input near the crop root according to the demand of plant self, make crop root soil often keep suitable moisture and nutrient, not only economize on water but also save fertilizer and medicament.Because infiltrating irrigation power comes from capillary percolation, do not produce gravitational water, so granular structure that can spoiled soil and causing hardens, make soil always be in rarefaction, ventilation is good.Simultaneously, the present invention can make the humidity of soil surface and plant leaf surface reduce to minimum.According to surveying and determination, the infiltrating irrigation air humidity that irrigates through furrow reduces by 28.5% in the booth., thereby weeds are difficult for the procreation growth, and the generation of sick worm, mushroom etc. also greatly reduces, and also very favourable to preventing root rot etc., particularly booth work is all the more so.Crops are at this moisture, and in the superior environment of air and nutrient, can be luxuriant grow improved output.Compare with surface irrigation, the corn growth rate is 18.4%～36.1%; The wheat growth rate is 12.3%～38.3%; Grape, vegetables rate of growth can reach 21%～55%, and visible infiltrating irrigation effect of increasing production is very significant.

(9) be conducive to the desert and fix the sand, desert

At present the desert is very serious to occupying of human living ground, how sand control, fix the sand to resist the desert to occupy the mankind be an extremely urgent difficult problem.At present or plant grass or plant trees, come sand control, fix the sand by the method that increases ground vegetation.Irrigation water that provides steady in a long-term not only is provided for this, and needs to adopt the most irrigation method of water saving.Infiltration slight irrigation mode of the present invention is a kind of irrigation method of water saving, simultaneously or a kind ofly invest minimum, to the mode of artificial dependence minimum.Existing mode with drip irrigation and improvement drip irrigation, or Artificial Control irrigation time and irrigation interval, very big to artificial interdependency, people can lay irrigation system in wide stretches of desert, but unimaginable this system that in wide stretches of desert, keeps year in year out, desert particularly, water imbibition is very low, the little waters of filling with will produce deep percolation more, cause water resource waste, so if the employing drip irrigation must be according to the demand of plant and the consumption degree of irrigation water, frequent opening and closing drip irrigation system.In desert area, this is inconceivable to artificial dependence.Adopting electromechanical meters and computer obviously is greatly to reduce artificial dependence as can be known, but brings investment huge.Unpowered, self adaptation of the present invention, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system exactly adapts to this requirement, as long as long as system laid completely can constantly provide the water source to system, irrigate and will continuously carry out! Its advantage is 1, economizes on water most; 2, at utmost reduce artificial dependence; 3, investment is minimum.

(10) being conducive to the saline land irrigates and transforms

The infiltration irrigation system is applied to alkaline land improvement, can obtain special effect.People once were applied to alkaline land improvement with the drip irrigation system, attempted to use hydraulic pressure alkali.Found that the salinization of soil that does not only have effect also to aggravate the soil.Main cause is that drip irrigation system is a kind of pulsation, unbalanced irrigation.Especially in the interim that irrigation stops, along with the saline and alkaline meeting of the consumption of water moves up from the underground until separate out on the earth's surface, constantly irrigate constantly and stop to cause saline and alkaline gathering on the earth's surface, the salinization of soil of soil is increased the weight of.

Unpowered, self adaptation of the present invention, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system but can adapt to and press saline and alkaline requirement, as long as completely can constantly provide the water source to system as long as system laid, irrigation will be carried out continuously, the flow of water in the soil will be positioned at an equilibrium locations, also namely maintain the maxmun field capacity scope, because water is constant, water is always pushed down saline and alkaline, saline and alkalinely just can not rise to the earth's surface.So Irrigation System of the present invention adapts to the irrigation in saline land most, be suitable for alkaline land improvement most.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is unpowered, self adaptation, continue, the flow chart of balanced infiltration irrigation system

Fig. 2 is the water head tank schematic diagram

Fig. 3 is that irrigation component is system's laying scheme schematic diagram of micro irrigation pipe

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of " critical external compressive resistance infiltration micro irrigation pipe ";

Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of " anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe ";

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of " critical external compressive resistance, antiblocking infiltration micro irrigation pipe "

Fig. 7 is that irrigation component is system's laying scheme schematic diagram of slight irrigation container

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of " mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container "

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of " critical external compressive resistance mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container "

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container "

The schematic diagram of Figure 11 " critical external compressive resistance, anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container "

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation film container "

Embodiment:

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1

According to a kind of irrigation system flow chart of standard GB/T/T 50485-2009 " slight irrigation engineering legislation " design as shown in Figure 1.Comprise water source 1, head pivot 2, transmission and distribution network 3, irrigation section 4 four major parts.As an irrigation system, because the water source is different, the structure of the head pivot of employing is different, function is different, and the structure of transmission and distribution network or type of attachment, shape difference can form different Irrigation Systems.This difference, be nothing but that processing (filtering, add fertilizer and agricultural chemicals etc.), control (flow-control, liquid level control, pressure control etc.), mode of movement (material of channel or pipeline, pipeline, the layout of canal/pipeline) to water is different, can accept or reject to some extent as required or increase.But the function of water source 1, head pivot 2 (part between the water pump supercharging), pipe network 3 these parts always is absolutely necessary.Except taking pressure-reducing valve to pass through the direct water delivery of aqueduct, adopt similarly " water head tank " 5 decompression water supply of Fig. 2.Also be that irrigation water passes through transmission and distribution network 3 input water head tanks 5, then be transferred to the infiltration slight irrigation element of irrigation section 4 by " distributing pipe " 6.The augmenting and ending of water in the water head tank can be adopted a simple up and down fluid level control device control.Upper fluid level control device starts magnetic valve and stops water supply when water level is higher than high liquid level, when water level is lower than at present fluid level control device startup of lower liquid level magnetic valve to the water head tank moisturizing.The up and down liquid level difference that arranges is less, and liquid level control is more accurate, and the pressure oscillation that is delivered in the infiltration slight irrigation element is less, but can cause the frequent starting of magnetic valve, consumes electric energy.The up and down liquid level difference of setting is larger, and liquid level control is inaccuracy more, and the pressure oscillation that is delivered in the infiltration slight irrigation element is larger, but the minimizing of the magnetic valve number of starts consumes electric energy few.Owing to oozing out and pressure independent of water in the infiltration slight irrigation container, the pressure variation only is by the faint distortion of permeating slight irrigation element wall water seepage to be exerted an influence.So the variation of height of water level can not surpass the tank height in water head tank, the pressure that the variation of this liquid level brings changes and can ignore.So consider from the angle of saving the energy, we accurately do not control the water head tank liquid level.Because the infiltration slight irrigation is very economized on water, the height that water head tank is installed needn't be too high, thus some supplies of electric power less than the place, also can artificial recharge.

The infiltration micro irrigation pipe be should give attention with the system of laying that is connected of irrigation system.Infiltration micro irrigation pipe of the present invention be infiltration slight irrigation element also be the delivery element with certain conveying capacity, when the design laying scheme, should take into full account its this feature, reduce the expense of laying.Fig. 3 has provided the laying scheme of laying individual layer mono-layer osmotic micro irrigation pipe according to irrigating the longest trend in field: carry the water of coming from distributing pipe 6, be delivered to " the infiltration micro irrigation pipe " 9 that is embedded under " land for growing field crops " 8 soil by " pipe fitting " 7.One end of infiltration micro irrigation pipe links to each other with distributing pipe 6 by pipe fitting 7, and the other end is used with " exhaust outlet " 10 end socket shutoff, and exhaust outlet links to each other with blast pipe one end, and the other end of blast pipe should be exposed to ground.It is convenient with the observation water level for moisturizing that exhaust outlet 10 is set, and its height is determined according to different situations.

The infiltration micro irrigation pipe 9 that adopts be a kind ofly have unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration function " the critical external compressive resistance micro irrigation pipe, as shown in Figure 4, adopt the following methods preparation:

Adopting 1.6 microns (μ) calcium carbonate is filler, and melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is base-material for the high density polyethylene (HDPE) of 0.1g/10min (HDPE) resin, and the ratio of weight and number of filler and resin is 150: 100; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] the Ji Wusi ester is pure, addition is 0.3 parts by weight, and phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 parts by weight; Melt mass flow rate (MFR) is the mobile polyethylene (PE) of the height of 70g/10min, and addition is 3 parts by weight.Respectively add in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four above-mentioned component; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 30%, 30%, 30%, 10% of filler total amount, the use screw diameter be 75 (

75), draw ratio (L/D) is 48: 1 dual-screw pelletizer, at 180-210 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, then dry, be packaged to be the capillary percolation slight irrigation material with three-dimensional net structure.

This material is sent into tube extruding machine at 170-200 ℃ of lower extruding pipe material, then make the capillary percolation film pipe 11 with capillary network structure through 2 times of inflations, 4 times of stretchings, sizings, then this capillary percolation pipe 11 is enclosed within on the punching screwed pipe 12, the recess of punching screwed pipe has strip or circular opening, 1 17 ℃ of lower heating capillary percolation pipe 11 is shunk, be tightly placed on the punching screwed pipe 12, make " critical external compressive resistance infiltration micro irrigation pipe " (Fig. 4).

Prepared critical external compressive resistance micro irrigation pipe is packed in the system shown in Figure 3, obtain a kind of unpowered, self adaptation, continue, the irrigation system of balanced infiltration.

Embodiment 2

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 1, just wherein infiltration micro irrigation pipe 9 use that as shown in Figure 5 a kind of of cutaway views has unpowered, self adaptation, continues, " the anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe " of balanced infiltration function.The employing following methods makes:

The high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is sprinkled upon on the loose type nonwoven of ruling width, the slight vibration nonwoven makes the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal evenly fall in the nonwoven hole and places water vapor atmosphere to process 15 minutes, makes the imbibition of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal.Be sprinkled into the amount of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal according to 0.5% of nonwoven volume ratio.High-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal particle after the suction by tightly " card " in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network that is consisted of by nonwoven; this nonwoven that contains the high-moisture-retention resin is sewed up formation gel protective layer 13; to be inserted in wherein by the capillary percolation pipe 11 that embodiment 1 makes, make " anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe " with excellent anti-obstruction effect.

Embodiment 3

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 1, just wherein infiltration micro irrigation pipe 9 adopt that as shown in Figure 6 a kind of has unpowered, self adaptation, continues, " critical external compressive resistance, the anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe " of balanced infiltration function.The employing following methods makes:

As shown in Figure 6.Be stitched into tubulose gel protective layer 13 with the nonwoven that contains the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal of processing processing; it is enclosed within outside " the critical external compressive resistance micro irrigation pipe " of embodiment 1; making the intermediate layer is capillary percolation pipe 11; internal layer is punching screwed pipe 12, and skin is gel protective layer 13 " critical external compressive resistance, anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe ".

Embodiment 4

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 1, just substitutes infiltration micro irrigation pipes 9 with infiltration slight irrigation container 18, with pipe fitting 7 distributing pipe is connected with the slight irrigation container, consists of another irrigation system (seeing Fig. 7), uses dissimilar slight irrigation container such as Fig. 8-shown in Figure 11.To permeate slight irrigation container 18 and be embedded in the tree root bottom, be more suitable for being applied to the occasions such as afforestation.

Be that 150: 100 ratio is with 1.6 microns calcium carbonate according to the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin, melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is 0.1 high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) resin, auxiliary agent is: four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester of 0.3 mass fraction and, 0.3 the tricresyl phosphite of mass fraction (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, the melt flow rate (MFR) of 3 mass fractions (MFR) is 70 the mobile polyethylene (PE) of height, the cycloheximide of the nano-titanium oxide of 3 parts by weight and the complex antimicrobials of silver ion and 10 parts by weight is kept away the mouse agent.Respectively add in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four above-mentioned component; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 30%, 30%, 30%, 10% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 48: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 180-210 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization; then dry, obtain the HDPE construct blow-molded.This material is machined to " mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " (the seeing Fig. 8) of ampuliform or other shapes with hollow blow molding, shape can be diversified, depends on the mould of design, as long as can satisfy the requirement of plant irrigation.Then stretch according to 3 times of draw ratios.Be designed with water inlet 15 and blast pipe 10 with spiral 14 on " mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container ".Spiral 14 is convenient to be connected with plug or pipeline, and the shape of spiral is not important, can also be designed to other any shape of being convenient to connect.The length of water inlet 15 and blast pipe 10 depends on that plant root that the burying depth of container irrigates in other words apart from the degree of depth on ground, must guarantee that they can be exposed at ground so that operation." mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " can be used for the less demanding occasion of critical external compressive resistance performance of anti-blockage.

Embodiment 5

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 4, just uses " the mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " of " resistance to compression individual layer slight irrigation container " alternate figures 8 of Fig. 9." critical external compressive resistance individual layer slight irrigation container " adopts following material and technique to be prepared from:

Be that 100: 100 ratio is with 2.6 microns calcium carbonate according to the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin, melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is 0.4 polypropylene (PP) resin, auxiliary agent be 0.3 mass fraction four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester and, 0.3 the tricresyl phosphite of mass fraction (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, the melt flow rate (MFR) of 2 mass fractions (MFR) is 100 high flow polypropylene (PP), the cycloheximide of the nano-titanium oxide of 3 parts by weight and the complex antimicrobials of silver ion and 10 parts by weight is kept away the mouse agent.Dividing three grades with above-mentioned component by metering adds respectively in the dual-screw pelletizer; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 40%, 30%, 30% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 48: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 190-220 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization; then dry, obtain the PP construct blow-molded.This material is machined to waling structure 16 and the ampuliform of horizontal spill reinforcement structure 17 or the self-bearing type resistance to compression mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container of other shapes with hollow blow molding, shape can be diversified, the mould that depends on design is as long as can satisfy the requirement of plant irrigation.Then stretch according to 2 times of draw ratios, obtain self-bearing type critical external compressive resistance mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container.Be designed with water inlet 15 and blast pipe 10 with spiral 14 on " critical external compressive resistance mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " shown in Figure 9.Spiral 14 is convenient to water inlet 15 and is connected with plug or pipeline, and the shape of spiral is not important, can also be designed to other any shape of being convenient to connect.The length of water inlet pipe 15 and blast pipe 10 depends on that plant root that the burying depth of container irrigates in other words apart from the degree of depth on ground, must guarantee that they can be exposed at ground so that operation." resistance to compression individual layer slight irrigation container " can be used for the less demanding occasion of performance of anti-blockage.

Embodiment 6

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 4, just uses " the mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " of " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " alternate figures 8 of Figure 10.This " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " used gel protective layer 13, obtains preferably to permeate the effect of slight irrigation.Gel protective layer 13 is to adopt following method to make: the circumference circle according to blow molded bottle is cut into proper width with the loose type nonwoven first; then be 1% amount according to the volume ratio with nonwoven with the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal; evenly dispense on the loose type nonwoven; the slight vibration nonwoven; the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is evenly fallen in the hole of nonwoven; then used steam treatment 30 minutes; high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal particle is expanded; tightly be stuck in the nonwoven skeleton with some strength; the nonwoven that then will include the high-moisture-retention resin is stitched into tubulose; and being cut into suitable length according to the height of blow molded bottle, the mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container that again it is enclosed within embodiment 1 preparation consists of gel protective layer 13 outward.After container is filled water; under the effect of water; crosslinked high-moisture-retention resin can further expand in loose nonwoven; because the expansion multiple after the suction of high-moisture-retention resin can be up to hundred times; but by the water-insoluble plastic network that nonwoven consists of be the height tension; so the gel protective layer can tightly be attached on the wall of inner container with capillary percolation function that blowing forms, and forms the close contact that capillary layer and gel layer are integrated.This close contact can further improve osmotic effect, and the high-moisture-retention resin that expands simultaneously also can be outwardly, forms the good hydrogel permeation layer that contacts with soil particle.Be designed with water inlet 15 and blast pipe 10 with spiral 14 on " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " shown in Figure 10.Spiral 14 is convenient to water inlet 15 and is connected with plug or pipeline, and the shape of spiral is not important, can also be designed to other any shape of being convenient to connect.The length of water inlet pipe 15 and blast pipe 10 depends on that plant root that the burying depth of container irrigates in other words apart from the degree of depth on ground, must guarantee that they can be exposed at ground so that operation." anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " can be used for the occasion not high to the resistance to compression performance requirement.

Embodiment 7

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 4, just uses " the mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " of " critical external compressive resistance, anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " alternate figures 8 of Figure 11." critical external compressive resistance, anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " adopts following technique to be prepared from:

The gel protective layer 13 of embodiment 3 preparations is enclosed within outside " critical external compressive resistance mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " shown in Figure 9 " critical external compressive resistance, the anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " with good critical external compressive resistance, performance of anti-blockage that obtains.

Embodiment 8

Figure 12 has provided the schematic diagram of the flat " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation film container " that obtains with inflation film processing.This film container is to adopt following material and technique to be prepared from:

Be that 45: 100 ratio is with 10 parts of the nano-calcium carbonates of 1.6 microns 35 parts in calcium carbonate and 60-80 nanometer according to the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin; melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is 0.1 high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) resin; 0.3 four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl of mass fraction; the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester and; 0.3 the tricresyl phosphite of mass fraction (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester; the melt flow rate (MFR) of 5 mass fractions (MFR) is 70 the mobile polyethylene (PE) of height; respectively add in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four above-mentioned component; the first order adds all resins; the filler of auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 30% of filler total amount; 30%; 30%; 10%; using screw diameter is 75 (φ 75); draw ratio (L/D) is 48: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 180-210 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization; then dry, obtain HDPE blown film material.

This material is processed into film with inflation film manufacturing machine, then through welding, be drawn into the inner layer film container 11 that needed device shape has the capillary percolation function.Draw ratio is 5 times.Be designed with water inlet 15 and blast pipe 10 with the horn mouth shape on the inner layer film container 11.The water inlet 15 of horn mouth shape is for the ease of pouring water and being connected with plug or pipeline, the length of water inlet 15 and blast pipe 10 depends on that plant root that the burying depth of container irrigates in other words apart from the degree of depth on ground, must guarantee that they can be exposed at ground so that operation.

According to the width of inner layer film container 11 cutting of loose type nonwoven is welded into cylindric, again according to the inner layer film container 11 length sections of being cut into cover thereon, and with bottom welding.Then be 0.5% amount according to the volume ratio with nonwoven with the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal; evenly dispense on the loose type nonwoven; the slight vibration nonwoven; the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is evenly fallen in the hole of nonwoven; then used steam treatment 30 minutes; high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal particle is expanded, tightly be stuck in the nonwoven skeleton with some strength, consist of gel protective layer 13.Inner layer film container 11 and gel protective layer 13 consist of " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation film container " shown in Figure 12.After filling water in the container; under the effect of water; crosslinked high-moisture-retention resin can further expand in loose nonwoven; because the expansion multiple after the suction of high-moisture-retention resin can be up to hundred times; but by the water-insoluble plastic network that nonwoven consists of be the height tension; so the gel protective layer can tightly be attached on the wall of inner container with capillary percolation function that blowing forms, and forms the close contact that capillary layer and gel layer are integrated.This close contact can further improve osmotic effect, and the high-moisture-retention resin that expands simultaneously also can be outwardly, forms the good hydrogel permeation layer that contacts with soil particle.

Above employed infiltration slight irrigation container all must contain " water inlet " 15, can link to each other with water-supply-pipe, permeates simultaneously slight irrigation tubing and permeate the slight irrigation container to have at least an exhaust outlet 10.This exhaust outlet also can link to each other with the transparent pipe that is used for the observation liquid level sometimes, and the other end of these liquid level tubes links to each other with atmosphere, plays the effect of exhaust in the same old way, and these liquid level tubes can be glass tube or lucite pipe.

When above-mentioned infiltration slight irrigation tubing linked to each other with irrigation system with container, irrigation water was to enter according to the following procedure soil and plant is implemented irrigation:

The infiltration slight irrigation element that does not contain the gel protective layer for skin; after in water-filled infiltration slight irrigation element is placed into the soil, the close and numerous ground of wall outer surface of soil particle and this case infiltration slight irrigation element be uniform-distribution with " capillary channel " close contact that countless hydrophilic granules consist of.If " flow of water " of soil is lower than " flow of water " of irrigation water in the element, the water in the element can ooze out outside wall along these capillary channels, enters soil.Its power that oozes out is the suction of capillary force and dry soil.Irrigation water in this process in the infiltration slight irrigation element is continuously realized irrigating to soil permeability by countless capillary channels on the infiltration slight irrigation element wall.Along with the carrying out of the process of irrigation, the water content of soil constantly increases, until " flow of water " of infiltration slight irrigation element internal is identical with " flow of water " of soil.At this moment, water, both beinthebalancestates of the soil water in the mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation element, infiltration slight irrigation element internal water is no longer to exosmosis.Be in the plant in this equilibrium state, its root system epidermis is made of a kind of semipermeable membrane, when the demand of plant growth so that " flow of water " of root system of plant inside during less than " flow of water " of soil, the soil water sees through the semipermeable membrane on root system surface to the root system of plant internal penetration, enters in the plant corpus, so that " flow of water " in the plant corpus rises, until satisfy the demand of plant, plant no longer absorbs water, and infiltration slight irrigation element also no longer outwards supplies (oozing) water, irrigates and finishes.At this moment, permeate beinthebalancestate between water in the slight irrigation element, the soil water, the interior water three of plant corpus.Moisture in entering plant corpus is under the effect of the osmotic pressure of root system of plant, cohesive force between the hydrone and plant capillary passage, moisture is very fast to rise along the plant trunk, under the plant transpiration pulling force, moisture arrives the position that all need the moisture growth in the plant corpus simultaneously.Growth along with plant, the transpiration of moisture in the plant corpus, " flow of water " of inside plants descends, " flow of water " balance in the plant corpus between water, capillary soil water, the infiltration slight irrigation element internal water three is destroyed, water in the soil again maceration enters in the plant corpus, water in the infiltration slight irrigation multiple tube replenishes to soil again, again implements to irrigate.So, go round and begin again, without stop.

The infiltration slight irrigation element that contains the gel protective layer for skin; after in water-filled infiltration slight irrigation element is placed into the soil; the wall outer surface gel layer of soil particle and this case infiltration slight irrigation element contact, and the close and numerous ground of gel layer and infiltration slight irrigation element inwall be uniform-distribution with " capillary channel " close contact that countless hydrophilic granules consist of.If " flow of water " of soil is lower than " flow of water " of irrigation water in the element, the water in the element can ooze out along the gel protective layer of these capillary channels of internal layer outside wall, enters soil.Its power that oozes out is the synaeresis of capillary attraction and gel layer and the suction of dry soil.Irrigation water in this process in the infiltration slight irrigation element is continuously realized irrigating to soil permeability by countless capillary channels and gel layer on the infiltration slight irrigation element wall.Along with the carrying out of the process of irrigation, the water content of soil constantly increases, until " flow of water " of infiltration slight irrigation element internal is identical with " flow of water " of soil.At this moment, water, both beinthebalancestates of the soil water in the infiltration slight irrigation element, infiltration slight irrigation element internal water is no longer to exosmosis.Be in the plant in this equilibrium state, its root system epidermis is made of a kind of semipermeable membrane, when the demand of plant growth so that " flow of water " of root system of plant inside during less than " flow of water " of soil, the soil water sees through the semipermeable membrane on root system surface to the root system of plant internal penetration, enters in the plant corpus, so that " flow of water " in the plant corpus rises, until satisfy the demand of plant, plant no longer absorbs water, and infiltration slight irrigation element also no longer outwards supplies (oozing) water, irrigates and finishes.At this moment, permeate beinthebalancestate between water in the slight irrigation element, the soil water, the interior water three of plant corpus.Moisture in entering plant corpus is under the effect of the osmotic pressure of root system of plant, cohesive force between the hydrone and plant capillary passage, moisture is very fast to rise along the plant trunk, under the plant transpiration pulling force, moisture arrives the position that all need the moisture growth in the plant corpus simultaneously.Growth along with plant, the transpiration of moisture in the plant corpus, " flow of water " of inside plants descends, " flow of water " balance in the plant corpus between water, capillary soil water, the infiltration slight irrigation element internal water three is destroyed, water in the soil again maceration enters in the plant corpus, water in the infiltration slight irrigation element replenishes to soil again, again implements to irrigate.So, go round and begin again, without stop, realize adaptation function.

Said process has formed " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system ", and this irrigation system is only really the infiltration irrigation system of water saving.

Claims

Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation section (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation section is the infiltration micro irrigation pipe; Described infiltration micro irrigation pipe is comprised of double-decker, and outer internal layer is the perforate screwed pipe (12) that recess has strip or circular opening in order to have the capillary percolation pipe (11) of capillary water seepage function,

Described capillary percolation pipe (11) adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that described capillary percolation pipe (1) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.
2. infiltration irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend take above-mentioned thermoplastic as the master/modification by copolymerization thing; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulphate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, perhaps two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.
3. permeate as described in claim 1 irrigation system, it is characterized in that also can adding nano-particle material in its B component, its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.
4. irrigation system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antibacterial agent, described antibacterial agent is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on the compound take titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide as carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.
5. permeate as described in claim 1 irrigation system, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away the mouse agent, described slaine that the mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsaicine or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away the mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.
Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation section (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation section is the infiltration micro irrigation pipe; Described infiltration micro irrigation pipe is comprised of double-decker, and skin is gel protective layer (13), and internal layer is the capillary percolation pipe (11) with capillary water seepage function,

Described gel protective layer (13) is comprised of nonwoven and high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, and by volume, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-3% of nonwoven, and described high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is thrown in the nonwoven space;

Described capillary percolation pipe (11) adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that described capillary percolation pipe (11) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.The water that capillary percolation pipe (11) oozes out forms gel so that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal expands; in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network that is consisted of by nonwoven; the outer wall that gel protective layer (4) one side is close to capillary percolation pipe (1) makes gel and capillary channel form one, and one side contacts with soil and forms the anti-clogging protective layer with infiltration function.
7. permeate as described in claim 6 irrigation system, it is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in the outer gel protective layer (13) of micro irrigation pipe wherein is selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.
8. permeate as described in claim 6 irrigation system, it is characterized by by volume, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-1% of nonwoven.
9. such as described infiltration irrigation system one of among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the skin of capillary percolation pipe (11) also is surrounded by gel protective layer (13).
Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation section (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation section is infiltration slight irrigation container, described infiltration slight irrigation container is made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that the infiltration slight irrigation container of being made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water or stop outside infiltration by the capillary channel with network structure of this internal tank, this container has water inlet (15) and exhaust outlet (10).
11. infiltration irrigation system as claimed in claim 10, the outer surface of described infiltration slight irrigation container also has gel protective layer (13).
12. such as the described infiltration irrigation system of claim 10-11, it is characterized in that this infiltration slight irrigation container is Blow Molded Articles, described water inlet (15) and blast pipe (10) are with spiral (14), and the outer surface of this container is strengthened structure (17) with waling structure (16) and horizontal concavity.
13. infiltration irrigation system as claimed in claim 11, described infiltration slight irrigation container is made into flat film container (11), on the described film container (11), with water inlet (15) and blast pipe (10).
14. such as the application of infiltration irrigation system as described in the claim 1-13, the infiltrating irrigation element of irrigation system is laid in underground, plant is carried out underground root system infiltrating irrigation.
15. such as the application of infiltration irrigation system as described in the claim 1-13, should permeate irrigation system and be applied to desert vegetation and irrigate.
16. such as the application of infiltration irrigation system as described in the claim 1-13, should permeate irrigation system and be applied to saline-alkali land vegetation and irrigate.