CN102885044B - Chitosan oligosaccharide composition for preventing and controlling rice plant hoppers and use and using method thereof - Google Patents
Chitosan oligosaccharide composition for preventing and controlling rice plant hoppers and use and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102885044B CN102885044B CN201110333069.2A CN201110333069A CN102885044B CN 102885044 B CN102885044 B CN 102885044B CN 201110333069 A CN201110333069 A CN 201110333069A CN 102885044 B CN102885044 B CN 102885044B
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- IHDKBHLTKNUCCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazole 1-oxide Chemical compound O=S1C=CN=C1 IHDKBHLTKNUCCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a chitosan oligosaccharide composition for preventing and controlling rice plant hoppers, and use and a using method of the chitosan oligosaccharide composition, and particularly provides a pesticide composition for preventing and controlling the rice plant hoppers, wherein the pesticide composition comprises chitosan oligosaccharide which accounts for 0.004 to 0.025 percent of the weight of the pesticide composition. The invention also provides the use of the chitosan oligosaccharide-comprising pesticide composition and a method for using the chitosan oligosaccharide-comprising pesticide to prevent and control the rice plant hoppers. By the pesticide composition and the method, the rice plant hoppers can be prevented and controlled, particularly after crops which are infected by the rice plant hoppers are treated by using the chitosan oligosaccharide-comprising pesticide, the rice plant hoppers are prevented and controlled, phytotoxicity is not generated, pesticide residues are not produced, and environment-friendly prevention and control over the rice plant hoppers is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agrochemical field, particularly relate to the control composition of rice fulgorid and prevent and treat method, relate to particularly a kind of for preventing and treating chitosan oligosaccharide composition and use thereof and the method for rice fulgorid.
Background technology
Rice fulgorid (comprising brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper and small brown rice planthopper), belongs to Homoptera, and Delphacidae is one of main migratory pest on Chinese Ye Shi Asian countries paddy rice.There is migrating property habit at a distance, be distributed widely in the torrid zone, subtropics and the Temperate Region in China in Asia, comprise the ground such as the South Asian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, archipelago, the South Pacific Ocean and Australia.Brown planthopper feeding habits are single, only take rice-cultivating and wild rice as host.Its hazard approach: main by directly stinging the liquid nutritional material of inhaling in rice strain phloem, make paddy growth suppressed; While taking food, the saliva of secretion can form stylophore, and obstruction fascicular system is unified and hindered the transportation of the interior moisture of rice strain and nutrition, thereby cause paddy rice dehydration to wilt, forms " emit and wear ".In addition, disease, careless shape disease and the tingia disease of stunting of stunting of stunting of also propagate wilting in taking food process, has a strong impact on paddy growth, causes rice lodging, make the paddy underproduction or total crop failure, thereby various countries all attaches great importance to the research of brown property lice.
It is northern that white-backed planthopper is distributed widely in South Asia, Southeast Asia, Japan, Korea, China, archipelago, the South Pacific Ocean and Australia, also the report that has white-backed planthopper hazard rice in African Egypt, even in the place that there is no rice cultivation, as also there is the record of adopting long wing type adult on the ground such as Mongolia, Siberia, Karafuto.In China, white-backed planthopper is widely distributed, almost spreads all over all Dao district, comprises south China, Central China, North China, northeast and southwestern rice district, the ground such as rice district, the northwest municipal Miquan in Ke Da Xinjiang.
White-backed planthopper hazard rice is mainly laid eggs and the paddy rice of directly causing harm directly to suck rice strain phloem sap Huo stem, causes rice strain poor growth, minute grain delay, flat grain to increase.When serious, can cause rice strain withered, be " lice burning " shape, make rice yield be subject to massive losses.
Prevent and treat at present rice fulgorid chemical pesticide organic phosphates: chlorpyrifos ec, triazophos emulsifiable solution; Nicotinoids: Nitenpyram, imidacloprid wettable powder; New heterocyclic: thiazolone wetting powder and pymetrozine; Amide-type: Rynaxypyr; Biogenic substances: first dimension salt, Avermectin; Carbamate insecticide: meta-tolyl-N-methylcarbamate (MTMC) missible oil, Bassa missible oil, Mobucin.
There is no at present completely agricultural chemicals and the scientific and effective method of preventing and treating that can either environmental protection can effectively prevent and treat again rice fulgorid
The present inventor is by long-term field research, and acquisition can effectively prevent and treat the chitosan oligosaccharide agricultural chemicals of rice fulgorid, finds that chitosan oligosaccharide is effective chemical substance of control rice fulgorid.And by further investigation, obtained concentration, the application process of the chitosan oligosaccharide of preventing and treating rice fulgorid and used period.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides and a kind ofly for preventing and treating the composition pesticide of rice fulgorid, in this composition pesticide, comprise chitosan oligosaccharide, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for this composition pesticide is 0.004%-0.025%.Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of this composition pesticide be 0.005%-0.012% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
Above-mentioned this composition pesticide can be prepared liquid preparation or solid pharmaceutical preparation.Liquid preparation can be any liquid preparation of agriculture use, and solid pharmaceutical preparation is also any solid pharmaceutical preparation of agriculture use.Preferably, liquid preparation is aqua, microemulsion, water dispersible granules or suspending agent; Solid pharmaceutical preparation is preferably wetting powder or granule.
The present invention also provides the above-mentioned composition pesticide that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide for preventing and treating the purposes of rice fulgorid, in the composition pesticide that it is characterized in that comprising chitosan oligosaccharide, the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.004%-0.025%, preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.012% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
The present invention also provides the method for applying the composition for preventing and controlling rice fulgorid that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that using composition at the sick initial stage of sending out of rice fulgorid, then every time of 5-10 days, preferably every time of 7 days, again use the composition identical or different with application concentration first 0-3 time, preferably, use composition 2 times, in wherein said composition, the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.004%-0.025%, preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.012% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
In said method, described composition can be prepared liquid preparation or solid pharmaceutical preparation.Liquid preparation can be any liquid preparation of agriculture use, and solid pharmaceutical preparation is also any solid pharmaceutical preparation of agriculture use.Preferably, liquid preparation is aqua, microemulsion, water dispersible granules or suspending agent; Solid pharmaceutical preparation is preferably wetting powder or granule.
In said method, any effectively conventional method when method of using refers to the applications of pesticide, includes but not limited to powder injection process, spray-on process, fumigating system, soil treatment method or smog method etc.
Wherein powder injection process refers to and utilizes the wind-force that duster produces the agricultural chemicals of pulvis to be sprinkling upon equably to the surface of crop or controlling object; Spray-on process refers to a certain amount of agricultural chemicals and appropriate water and is made into liquid, with spraying apparatus, medicine liquid spray is become to droplet, is evenly distributed in crop or controlling object surface; Fumigating system refers to and adopts fumigant or volatile medicament, makes its volatilization become the effectively gas of prevention and elimination of disease and pests; Soil treatment method refers to and takes to spray, dusts, spreads the methods such as pesticide-clay mixture, and agricultural chemicals is imposed in ground or certain soil layer equably; Smog method refers to utilizes special-purpose facility that oily pesticide dispersion is become to smoke condition, to reach the method for Pesticidal and sterilizing weeding.
In said method, the sick initial stage of sending out of rice fulgorid refers to that rice fulgorid is sick and sends out firm the incipient stage, ordinary circumstance, and this stage can judge by range estimation to those skilled in the art, when namely having rice fulgorid damage to crops, the stage that particularly has rice fulgorid insect population to occur.Particularly, also can judge by the mode of quantitative detection, be the sick initial stage of sending out of rice fulgorid the period below 3% that the plant that namely rice fulgorid insect population occurs accounts for total plant quantity.
In the present invention, chitosan oligosaccharide is the mixture of the degree of polymerization that Glucosamine is formed by connecting by the Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond high molecular polymer that is 2-30, and mean molecule quantity is 1000-3000 dalton.Chitosan oligosaccharide can be prepared by any means, such as following method: the mixture of the chitosan oligomer that the degree of polymerization that deacetylation prepares by methods such as mechanical degradation method, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation methods at more than 70% shitosan is 2-30.Or, by extract the mixture of the chitosan oligomer that the degree of polymerization obtain chitin and to prepare by methods such as mechanical degradation method, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation methods is 2-30 from fungal cell wall.Or, the mixture of the polymer that is 2-30 by the degree of polymerization that is polymerized by the chemosynthesis of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond by Glucosamine.Chitosan oligosaccharide is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of different polymer at present, that is to say in chitosan oligosaccharide to be not the oligosaccharides form of the single degree of polymerization, but the chitosan oligosaccharide monose of every kind of degree of polymerization all may exist.So no matter by which kind of method prepare; or the commercially available prod preparing by above-mentioned preparation method; as long as it is that Glucosamine passes through 1; the degree of polymerization that 4-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting is that 2-30, mean molecule quantity are that the mixture of the daltonian high molecular polymer of 1000-3000 is exactly chitosan oligosaccharide of the present invention; it can contain acetyl group; but the sugar unit of bonding acetyl group is no more than 40% amount, be preferably no more than 30% amount, be especially preferably no more than 20% amount.Commercially available chitosan oligosaccharide is all the chitosan oligosaccharide product that above-mentioned chitosan oligosaccharide term is set forth substantially at present.
The main paddy rice of chitosan oligosaccharide composition for preventing and controlling of the present invention, comprises the rice fulgorid on rice-cultivating and wild paddy rice.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention has found for preventing and treating the composition pesticide that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide of rice fulgorid, this composition pesticide can be prevented and treated rice fulgorid, the special effect of the chitosan oligosaccharide of particularly having found certain concentration when control rice fulgorid, solve the major issue of control rice fulgorid, especially with the composition pesticide that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, in processing, catch an illness after crop, not only prevent and treat rice fulgorid, and can be to not doing deposits yields poisoning, there is no residue of pesticide, realized the control of the rice fulgorid of environment protection-type.The special contribution of the present invention is also to have found by research good chance and the concentration of application chitosan oligosaccharide control rice fulgorid, has greatly improved the effect of chitosan oligosaccharide control rice fulgorid.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention, with embodiment, further illustrate the present invention below, but do not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
5% chitosan oligosaccharide solution with water is diluted to respectively to corresponding application concentration, concentration is calculated according to weight percent concentration, in outcome record, with ppm (1,000,000/) concentration, calculate, what in outcome record below, 50ppm represented is that weight percent concentration is 0.005%.Clear water is processed in contrast.By dilution after solution according to demand treatment by stages the paddy rice in rice fulgorid their early stage, be 7 days interval time that sprays processing.Each processing is observed and is detected by 3 experimental field (100 square metres), adds up respectively the PD situation of the rice fulgorid of every experimental field.Be that rice fulgorid nibbles and bites the plant quantity that paddy rice has an insect population and account for 3 ± 0.25% of the total plant number of paddy rice the opportunity of application chitosan oligosaccharide solution-treated rice fulgorid.The ratio situation of change that rice fulgorid control efficiency has rice fulgorid insect population quantity by inspection is added up.Insect population number * 100% of control efficiency=(the insect population number of insect population number-processing ensuing crop of blank)/blank carries out assembly average according to every experimental field while adding up, for example in the experimental field of 100 square metres, plant is counted X strain, calculate the average population number of X strain, comprise and processing and blank, the calculating that is not always the case, calculates average control efficiency with this.
Concrete disposition and effect are as follows:
The table 1 rice fulgorid insect pest initial stage is used the control efficiency of chitosan oligosaccharide solution to rice fulgorid
By above-mentioned experiment, show, no matter being that single treatment rice fulgorid is sick sends out the paddy rice at initial stage or processes continuously the sick paddy rice that sends out the initial stage of rice fulgorid, all rice fulgorid has been produced to good control efficiency, can control the PD of rice fulgorid, until reach control rice fulgorid.
Claims (4)
1. comprise the composition pesticide of chitosan oligosaccharide for preventing and treating the purposes of rice fulgorid, in the composition pesticide that it is characterized in that comprising chitosan oligosaccharide, the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.004%-0.025%.
2. according to the purposes of claim 1, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for composition is 0.005%-0.012%.
3. the method for the composition for preventing and controlling rice fulgorid that application comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that using composition at the sick initial stage of sending out of rice fulgorid, then every time of 5-10 days, again use the composition identical or different with application concentration first 0-3 time, in wherein said composition, the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.004%-0.025%.
4. according to the method for claim 3, in wherein said composition, the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.005%-0.012%.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003057233A1 (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2003-07-17 | Rnl Life Science Ltd. | Composition for preventing or treating mastitis of dairy cattle |
| CN1520723A (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2004-08-18 | 中国科学院上海植物生理研究所 | Chitosan oligosaccharide containging pesticide composition and its application |
| CN101120673A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2008-02-13 | 雷庆峰 | Nontoxic pesticide and preparing method thereof |
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- 2011-10-28 CN CN201110333069.2A patent/CN102885044B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003057233A1 (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2003-07-17 | Rnl Life Science Ltd. | Composition for preventing or treating mastitis of dairy cattle |
| CN1520723A (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2004-08-18 | 中国科学院上海植物生理研究所 | Chitosan oligosaccharide containging pesticide composition and its application |
| CN101120673A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2008-02-13 | 雷庆峰 | Nontoxic pesticide and preparing method thereof |
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