CN102868161A - Optimization method of network variable structure with distributed type power supply distribution system - Google Patents

Optimization method of network variable structure with distributed type power supply distribution system Download PDF

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CN102868161A
CN102868161A CN201210406616XA CN201210406616A CN102868161A CN 102868161 A CN102868161 A CN 102868161A CN 201210406616X A CN201210406616X A CN 201210406616XA CN 201210406616 A CN201210406616 A CN 201210406616A CN 102868161 A CN102868161 A CN 102868161A
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network
isolated island
load
data
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CN102868161B (en
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刘友波
向月
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an optimization method of a network variable structure with a distributed type power supply distribution system. The optimization method includes that basic static data of electric power network structure parameters, distributed type power supply distribution, load capacity, faulty lines and the like are extracted, under the condition of present line fault, the basic static data are utilized to perform islanding scheme calculation and correction, survivability indexes constructed by the method are combined to perform an online evaluation for islanding network safe operation performances and implement immediate control measures, finally, on account of residual network structure data after final islanding electric power network division is performed, by means of an ant colony algorithm, a reconfiguration optimal computation is performed for residual network with minimum network loss as a target, and finally the electric power network structure with high safe operation level is obtained. On the basis of the developed algorism and function modules, the invention further provides a large-scale power distribution network intelligent optimization decision system based on multi-stage computation correction and survivability evaluation, according to the technical scheme, the division and reconstruction of the network with the generalized model distributed type power supply distribution system are achieved, and accurate reference of network structure adjustment, schedule and operation can be excellently provided for regional electric power network schedule staffs.

Description

A kind of distributed power source distribution system network that contains becomes structural optimization method
Technical field
The present invention relates to that a kind of generalized model contains that distributed power source distribution system network becomes structural optimization method and calculate based on the multistage revise and the extensive power distribution network intelligent optimization decision system of survivability evaluation, belong to dispatching of power netwoks running technology and optimization field.
Background technology
Distribution system is to become the structure dissipative network, and by the state that cut-offs of switch on the reasonable change circuit, Active Splitting, Modulating Power transmission path optimize the system operation with this when fault occurs.Wherein, network reconfiguration is a kind of Security Countermeasures for system weakness, for a long time, lays particular emphasis on the research of algorithm, by proposing the optimum optimization method in path, makes up heuristic rule, seeks switch combination preferred plan.Scientifically distributed power source distribution system network is divided and reconstruct is conducive to excavating under the weak element of network, the link to containing under network failure, give full play to the emergency capability of distributed power source and supply capacity on the spot, realize the electrical network partition running, significant to the Flexible Power Grid management and running.Under the environment of the use of whole nation encouragement clean energy resource, the construction of popularization intelligent grid, need to pay attention to especially statistics and the analytical work of relay protection device operation conditions; yet; current conventional method is reconstructed simple distribution system emphatically; the distribution system reconstruct that part is attached to distributed power source then lays particular emphasis on algorithm research; shortage is considered the process of the isolated island division of distributed power source own and the interruptibility of load, so that final reconfiguration scheme network loss is large or resource utilization is lower.In the existing dispatching running way method, also lack the consideration to distributed power source enabling capabilities and network configuration weak link thereof etc.Therefore, how to set up the distribution system reconfiguration scheme of considering such as factors such as power system operating mode, load importance, distributed power source enabling capabilities, network configuration importance, resource utilizations, from more scientific ground of a plurality of dimensions critic network structure and isolated island index, and the control decision solution formulation based on multistage calculating correction and survivability evaluation becomes the important topic that those skilled in the art continue to solve under the proposition failure condition.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of distributed power source distribution system network that contains to become structural optimization method and system, realized dividing and reconstruct containing distributed power source distribution system network.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of distributed power source distribution system network that contains and become structural optimization method, comprise step:
⑴ extract the basic static data such as electric network composition parameter, distributed electrical source distribution, idle resource distribution, payload, faulty line;
⑵ utilize the basic static data to carry out isolated island and divide calculating and correction;
⑶ carry out static state, dynamic survivability evaluation and implement corresponding control measure for the isolated island of dividing;
⑷ extract the rest network structured data after final isolated island is divided;
⑸ utilize ant group algorithm that rest network is reconstructed to optimize and calculate, and obtains optimizing structure of final reconfiguration of electric networks.
Described basic static data comprise distribution network voltage grade, electric network composition parameter, load parameter and history run statistic data.
Described electric network composition parameter comprises: node serial number, branch road annexation, switch closed condition, the distributed power source position of being incorporated into the power networks; Described load parameter comprises: each node load demand size, each node load can interrupt attribute, each node load is worth weight; Described history run statistic data comprise: fault type, faulty line and accident statistics data;
Laden-Value weight each node structure weight two class of comprising the artificial importance level weight of each node, being calculated by the electric Jie's number of single supply wherein, and the key step that the electric Jie's number of single supply calculates is:
⑴ find out the number of the shortest path between current distributed electrical source node and each load bus according to dijkstra's algorithm;
⑵ find out respectively the number of the shortest path process node to be asked between current distributed electrical source node and each load bus;
⑶ calculate the ratio sum of corresponding number of times and number, as the electric Jie's number of the single supply of node to be asked:
Figure 745810DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure 616158DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Wherein, kBe load bus; N k The expression node kAnd the number of shortest path between the DG node; N k( i) The expression node kAnd the shortest path between the DG node is through node iNumber;
Figure 543794DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Representation node kTo DG node branch impedance size, the less path that shows of value is shorter;
The step that wherein adopts dijkstra's algorithm to find the solution single source shortest path is:
⑴ establish figure G=( V, E) every limit EWeights be w
The initialization set S= V 0 , T={ all the other summits }, the summit corresponds among the T V 0 Weights; If V 0 , with V i Link to each other, then V 0 V i The weights d on limit ( V 0 , V i ) be w( V 0 , V i ); If do not link to each other, then make d ( V 0 , V i ) be
⑵ choose weights and be minimum summit from T WAnd not in S, add S;
⑶ make amendment to weight of vertex value among the S: if add WMake intermediate vertex, from V 0 Arrive V i Distance value shorten, then revise these weights;
⑷ repeat above-mentioned steps (2), (3), until comprise all summits among the S.
Described isolated island is divided the key step of calculating, revising:
⑴ take out prominent distributed power source in the distribution system under failure condition, take it as root node, other distributed power source is exerted oneself and set to 0;
⑵ Laden-Value is target to the maximum in the isolated island to divide, and disregards network loss, sets up mixed-integer programming model, adopts implicit enumeration method to calculate:
Figure 654150DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Figure 901591DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Wherein, NBe the system node number, x i Be state variable, x i =1 or 0, x i =1 expression node iPut under in certain isolated island; c i For node is worth, from artificial importance level, the reflection of node importance degree two aspects, be defined as respectively:
Figure 909999DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Wherein,
Figure 228985DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
The reflection node iLoad level can be divided into Three Estate according to loss of outage, and wherein secondary, three stage loads may be interruptible load;
Figure 6448DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Be node iThe electric Jie's number of single supply;
⑶ merge a plurality of isolated islands that only connected by a branch road according to the initial division scheme, takes into account network loss and carry out trend calculating, gets step-length
Figure 439439DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
The interruptible load value that revises the boundary, until satisfy:
Figure 935143DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Wherein:
Figure 729923DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
,
Figure 361893DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Be node iGenerating meritorious and idle;
Figure 951137DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
,
Figure 668557DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
Be node iMeritorious and reactive requirement;
Figure 1450DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Be node iReactive compensation capacity, this paper thinks that the reactive power compensation resource distribution is in each DG place Nodes; GijFor the branch road electricity is led; BijBe the branch road susceptance; θ Ij Be node iWith node jPhase difference of voltage; mFor with node iA way that is associated; P G , P S Be respectively the meritorious sum of exerting oneself of DG, the isolated island network loss after trend is calculated of certain isolated island, and then the idle value additional according to trend calculative determination reactive power compensation point needs;
⑷ carry out the survivability verification to the isolated island that forms, and is divided into the Static and dynamic index, and takes corresponding control measure;
⑸ whenever once calculate, with ready-portioned isolated island equivalence be one without the demand node, choose again the large distributed power source of power time and carry out isolated island and divide and calculate; Until determine final isolated island splitting scheme.
The step of described implicit enumeration method is:
(1) Mathematical Modeling of setting up is converted into standard type:
Annotate: if former problem is for asking Max f, then be converted into Min-fFind the solution;
(2) establishing disaggregation is x=0, judge whether to satisfy constraints, if satisfy, then x=0 is optimal solution, otherwise, turn (3);
(3) choose free variable x k , with x k =1 He x k =0 is condition, and the standard type model is decomposed into two sub-problems (branch), and other free variables still get 0, sounds out for two branches;
(4) constantly check whether subproblem satisfies following condition in the exploration process, then stop the downward branch of this subproblem if satisfy, turn (3):
1. all free variables of trial solution get 0, fixed variable is got set point and brought the standard type model into and meet the demands, and then is feasible solution, and the upper bound that this separates corresponding target function stops downward branch;
2. all trial solutions are not feasible solutions all, stop branch;
3. free variable all gets 0, brings target function into fixed variable, obtains desired value to be fIf greater than minimum value in the record, then subproblem stops downward branch;
4. trial solution is infeasible solutions, and all variablees are fixed variable, and then subproblem stops downward branch, and all problems checks complete, turns (5);
(5) through all branches, the upper bound of relatively recording namely gets optimal solution.
Described static survivability evaluation mainly comprises the following aspects:
A. for single islanded system, set up voltage stability index:
Figure 776300DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
Wherein:
Figure 981017DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
With
Figure 117600DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
Be respectively branch road IjResistance and reactance;
Figure 865107DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
,
Figure 61733DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
Be respectively the inflow node jMeritorious and reactive power; Get in each node IVoltage stability index as islanded system of index maximum namely has:
Figure 753746DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
According to ICome decision node voltage stabilization degree with the distance of critical value 1.0, IMore show that close to 0 this system is more stable, more show that close to 1.0 this system is more unstable;
B. voltage bound constraint:
C. Branch Power Flow bound constraint:
Figure 217405DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
D. phase angle difference bound constraint:
Figure 587862DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
E. static frequency skew bound constraint:
Figure 704854DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
Figure 183240DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
Wherein: For islanded system is exerted oneself and the demand difference; GD is certain isolated island set of node;
Figure 172690DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Be isolated island burden with power sum;
Figure 517083DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
With
Figure 153077DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Be respectively the equivalent difference coefficient of power supply and load, the difference of load type and different electrical power combined system all can be brought impact to the ability that difference finally can be born by system.
Described dynamic survivability evaluation:
Consider the dynamic model of isolated island inner member, for the islanded system that contains the WAMS system, net the inside an orphan with n platform generator, imbalance power is:
Figure 596827DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
Wherein, T j Inertia time constant for generator; δMerit angle for generator; ω N Be rated angular velocity; If P LD Be the abundant value of imbalance power of setting, then: when Δ P P LD The time, there is the possibility of unstability in system within the time in future, must carry out immediately the imbalance power that off-load produces to eliminate fault; When Δ P＜ P LD The time, although system is disturbed, system will progressively recover stable in the running orbit in future, the off-load measure of this moment should take into full account system's local voltage stability margin that disturbance causes and increase damping and make system recover as early as possible new stable operating point; Introduce the FVSI index as the foundation of off-load constant volume addressing:
Figure 750728DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
Whether characterizing the Branch Power Flow solution and existing, FVSI is more near 1, the expression circuit is more unstable, the easier voltage collapse that causes node; The definition voltage stability index
Figure 570917DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
, all are passed through node iThe weighted sum of branch road FVSI value after divided by circuit sum; The FVSI value of circuit is more near 1, and λ is larger for its weight, finds out the most outstanding load bus of line voltage distribution stable problem as the place of off-load with this, and takes corresponding Load Shedding Control Strategy;
Wherein the Load Shedding Control Strategy step is:
⑴ the measurement data that utilize WAMS to provide, the merit angle running orbit of all generators in the prognoses system;
⑵ quantize system's initial unbalance power that fault causes in conjunction with the predicted value of previous step;
⑶ dynamic electric voltage stability index V Index Determine the ordering of off-load point, the off-load amount is:
。
It is node and the connection relation between nodes data thereof of putting in order except behind the division isolated island that described rest network reconstruction and optimization are calculated, and take network loss as target, adopts ant group algorithm to be optimized calculating;
Wherein the step of ant group algorithm is:
⑴ encode on off state, consists of a paths from all states of 1 to TM period;
⑵ if once having in the circulation mAnt participates in seeking footpath, ant kThe probability of being transferred to node j by node i is:
Figure 147840DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Wherein,
Figure 523457DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
,
Figure 607389DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
Be respectively information concentration and the heuristic information relative importance factor;
Figure 283221DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Pheromone concentration on the expression t moment path ij, initial information element concentration
Figure 803195DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
(constant);
Figure 666109DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
Expression is transferred to node from node i jHeuristic information, get the inverse of branch road resistance, namely have
Figure 828100DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
Figure 92859DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
Next step allows the set of the node of access for ant k;
⑶ every ant process nThe individual moment has accessed nBehind the individual node, call following formula and carry out the pheromone concentration renewal:
Figure 314893DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
Wherein,
Figure 461841DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
Be the residual degree coefficient of pheromones,
Figure 159014DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
Expression ant k in this circulation in the path IjOn the pheromone concentration that stays; If ant kThrough the path Ij,
Figure 874477DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
,
Figure 977562DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
Be constant, Path for global optimum's (system losses are minimum) in this circulation;
⑷ pass through iterative computation, when mWhen ant had all been selected the same path or reached maximum iteration time, the result that is optimized was the rest network reconfiguration scheme.
 
A kind of calculate the correction based on the multistage is connected extensive power distribution network intelligent optimization decision system and comprised data pick-up unit, isolated island division unit, isolated island index evaluation unit, rest network reconfiguration unit, switch motion and the load control unit of successively connection with survivability evaluation:
Described data pick-up unit is used for extracting the power distribution network static data; Be connected with distribution network database;
Described isolated island division unit is used for calculating the isolated island that calculates and revise formation take each distributed power source as root node; Be connected with the data pick-up unit;
Described isolated island index evaluation unit is used for calculating each isolated island survivability index that forms, and determines corresponding load control strategy; Be connected with the isolated island division unit;
Described rest network reconfiguration unit is transferred the rest network data message under distribution network database and the isolated island splitting scheme, the network configuration after calculating the switch motion situation and optimizing; Be connected with the isolated island division unit;
Described switch motion and load control unit are transferred final network optimization structural information and are carried out switch motion, state switching, and according to the result of survivability evaluation corresponding isolated island implemented the load control device; Be connected with isolated island division unit, isolated island index evaluation unit, rest network reconfiguration unit.
 
Described data pick-up unit comprises: the data acquisition module, filtered correction module, analog-to-digital conversion module, communications module and the demodulation module that connect successively:
Described data acquisition module is used for containing the data acquisition of distributed power source distribution system network architecture parameters, running status and action situation,
Described filtered correction module is used for adopting data-signal is filtered and revises; ,
Described analog-to-digital conversion module is used for described data-signal is carried out analog-to-digital conversion,
Described communications module is used for adopting data transaction and the analog quantity come communicates transmission,
Described demodulation module is used for that described data are carried out demodulation and obtains digitized data.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention calculates by the network architecture parameters data analysis to the scheduling Operation Centre, obtain the current final reconfiguration scheme of distributed power source distribution system and the isolated island assessment result of containing, realized dividing and reconstruct containing distributed power source distribution system network, can provide the more accurately reference of network structure regulation, scheduling and operation for relevant management and running personnel better.Isolated island is divided part and is taken into full account network change design feature and the flexible control characteristic of load, the foundation multistage Mathematical Modeling that constraint consists of take peak load amount of recovery, minimum interruptible load interruption amount etc. as target and static survivability etc., and be translated into " satisfiability problem ", adopt implicit enumeration method Algorithm for Solving mixed integer programming problem, take into account network loss and carry out reactive power compensation and the isolated island correction that the trend computing system needs, obtain the isolated island splitting scheme of " most probable and enough good ".And then according to the survivability index, be divided into Static State Index and dynamic indicator, the former mainly assesses from Branch Power Flow, node voltage fluctuation, system voltage stability indicator, the latter takes into full account the element dynamic model, in conjunction with WAMS information, imbalance power is assessed, and introduced the FVSI index as the foundation of off-load constant volume addressing, and implement in light of the circumstances the load control strategy.Rest network is then found out the desirable combination of power supply, load and circuit based on ant group algorithm, thereby realizes the intelligent distribution system structure optimization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention contains the schematic flow sheet that distributed power source distribution system network becomes structural optimization method;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that calculates the extensive power distribution network intelligent optimization decision system of correction and survivability evaluation based on the multistage of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is for adopting this strategy 70 nodes to be contained the design sketch that becomes structure operation after distributed power source distribution system branch road 1-2,1-16,30-70 break down.
 
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the distributed power source distribution system network that contains of the present invention is become structural optimization method and is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is that the present invention contains the schematic flow sheet that distributed power source distribution system network becomes structural optimization method, comprises step:
⑴ extract the basic static data such as electric network composition parameter, distributed electrical source distribution, idle resource distribution, payload, faulty line;
⑵ utilize the basic static data to carry out isolated island and divide calculating and correction;
⑶ carry out the survivability Performance Evaluation and implement corresponding control measure for the isolated island of dividing;
⑷ extract the rest network structured data after final isolated island is divided;
⑸ utilize ant group algorithm that rest network is reconstructed to optimize and calculate, and obtains optimizing structure of final reconfiguration of electric networks.
Described basic static data comprise distribution network voltage grade, electric network composition parameter, load parameter and history run statistic data.
Described electric network composition parameter comprises: node serial number, branch road annexation, switch closed condition, the distributed power source position of being incorporated into the power networks; Described load parameter comprises: each node load demand size, each node load can interrupt attribute, each node load is worth weight; Described history run statistic data comprise: fault type, faulty line and accident statistics data;
Laden-Value weight each node structure weight two class of comprising the artificial importance level weight of each node, being calculated by the electric Jie's number of single supply wherein, and the key step that the electric Jie's number of single supply calculates is:
⑴ find out the number of the shortest path between current distributed electrical source node and each load bus according to dijkstra's algorithm;
⑵ find out respectively the number of the shortest path process node to be asked between current distributed electrical source node and each load bus;
⑶ calculate the ratio sum of corresponding number of times and number, as the electric Jie's number of the single supply of node to be asked:
Figure 455128DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure 346861DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Wherein, kBe load bus; N k The expression node kAnd the number of shortest path between the DG node; N k( i) The expression node kAnd the shortest path between the DG node is through node iNumber;
Figure 671663DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Representation node kTo DG node branch impedance size, the less path that shows of value is shorter;
The step that wherein adopts dijkstra's algorithm to find the solution single source shortest path is:
⑴ establish figure G=( V, E) every limit EWeights be w
The initialization set S= V 0 , T={ all the other summits }, the summit corresponds among the T V 0 Weights; If V 0 , with V i Link to each other, then V 0 V i The weights d on limit ( V 0 , V i ) be w( V 0 , V i ); If do not link to each other, then make d ( V 0 , V i ) be
Figure 979148DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
⑵ choose weights and be minimum summit from T WAnd not in S, add S;
⑶ make amendment to weight of vertex value among the S: if add WMake intermediate vertex, from V 0 Arrive V i Distance value shorten, then revise these weights;
⑷ repeat above-mentioned steps (2), (3), until comprise all summits among the S.
Described isolated island is divided the key step of calculating, revising:
⑴ take out prominent distributed power source in the distribution system under failure condition, take it as root node, other distributed power source is exerted oneself and set to 0;
⑵ Laden-Value is target to the maximum in the isolated island to divide, and disregards network loss, sets up mixed-integer programming model, adopts implicit enumeration method to calculate:
Figure 75935DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Figure 810673DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Wherein, NBe the system node number, x i Be state variable, x i =1 or 0, x i =1 expression node iPut under in certain isolated island; c i For node is worth, from artificial importance level, the reflection of node importance degree two aspects, be defined as respectively:
Figure 560454DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Wherein,
Figure 671630DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
The reflection node iLoad level can be divided into Three Estate according to loss of outage, and wherein secondary, three stage loads may be interruptible load;
Figure 619994DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Be node iThe electric Jie's number of single supply;
⑶ merge a plurality of isolated islands that only connected by a branch road according to the initial division scheme, takes into account network loss and carry out trend calculating, gets step-length The interruptible load value that revises the boundary, until satisfy:
Figure 825028DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Wherein:
Figure 208736DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
,
Figure 605082DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Be node iGenerating meritorious and idle;
Figure 678693DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
, Be node iMeritorious and reactive requirement;
Figure 59307DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Be node iReactive compensation capacity, this paper thinks that the reactive power compensation resource distribution is in each DG place Nodes; GijFor the branch road electricity is led; BijBe the branch road susceptance; θ Ij Be node iWith node jPhase difference of voltage; mFor with node iA way that is associated; P G , P S Be respectively the meritorious sum of exerting oneself of DG, the isolated island network loss after trend is calculated of certain isolated island, and then the idle value additional according to trend calculative determination reactive power compensation point needs;
⑷ carry out the survivability verification to the isolated island that forms, and is divided into the Static and dynamic index, and takes corresponding control measure;
⑸ whenever once calculate, with ready-portioned isolated island equivalence be one without the demand node, choose again the large distributed power source of power time and carry out isolated island and divide and calculate; Until determine final isolated island splitting scheme.
The step of described implicit enumeration method is:
(1) Mathematical Modeling of setting up is converted into standard type:
Figure 982263DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Annotate: if former problem is for asking Max f, then be converted into Min-fFind the solution;
(2) establishing disaggregation is x=0, judge whether to satisfy constraints, if satisfy, then x=0 is optimal solution, otherwise, turn (3);
(3) choose free variable x k , with x k =1 He x k =0 is condition, and the standard type model is decomposed into two sub-problems (branch), and other free variables still get 0, sounds out for two branches;
(4) constantly check whether subproblem satisfies following condition in the exploration process, then stop the downward branch of this subproblem if satisfy, turn (3):
1. all free variables of trial solution get 0, fixed variable is got set point and brought the standard type model into and meet the demands, and then is feasible solution, and the upper bound that this separates corresponding target function stops downward branch;
2. all trial solutions are not feasible solutions all, stop branch;
3. free variable all gets 0, brings target function into fixed variable, obtains desired value to be fIf greater than minimum value in the record, then subproblem stops downward branch;
4. trial solution is infeasible solutions, and all variablees are fixed variable, and then subproblem stops downward branch, and all problems checks complete, turns (5);
(5) through all branches, the upper bound of relatively recording namely gets optimal solution.
Described static survivability evaluation mainly comprises the following aspects:
A. for single islanded system, set up voltage stability index:
Figure 557601DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
Wherein:
Figure 566008DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
With
Figure 557098DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
Be respectively branch road IjResistance and reactance;
Figure 600141DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
,
Figure 33132DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
Be respectively the inflow node jMeritorious and reactive power; Get in each node IVoltage stability index as islanded system of index maximum namely has:
Figure 466518DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
According to ICome decision node voltage stabilization degree with the distance of critical value 1.0, IMore show that close to 0 this system is more stable, more show that close to 1.0 this system is more unstable;
B. voltage bound constraint:
Figure 261299DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
C. Branch Power Flow bound constraint:
Figure 893269DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
D. phase angle difference bound constraint:
Figure 748092DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
E. static frequency skew bound constraint:
Figure 731092DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
Figure 391880DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
Figure 878356DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
Wherein:
Figure 169660DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
For islanded system is exerted oneself and the demand difference; GD is certain isolated island set of node;
Figure 105868DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Be isolated island burden with power sum; With
Figure 849013DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Be respectively the equivalent difference coefficient of power supply and load, the difference of load type and different electrical power combined system all can be brought impact to the ability that difference finally can be born by system.
Described dynamic survivability evaluation:
Consider the dynamic model of isolated island inner member, for the islanded system that contains the WAMS system, net the inside an orphan with n platform generator, imbalance power is:
Figure 780060DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
Wherein, T j Inertia time constant for generator; δMerit angle for generator; ω N Be rated angular velocity; If P LD Be the abundant value of imbalance power of setting, then: when Δ P P LD The time, there is the possibility of unstability in system within the time in future, must carry out immediately the imbalance power that off-load produces to eliminate fault; When Δ P＜ P LD The time, although system is disturbed, system will progressively recover stable in the running orbit in future, the off-load measure of this moment should take into full account system's local voltage stability margin that disturbance causes and increase damping and make system recover as early as possible new stable operating point; Introduce the FVSI index as the foundation of off-load constant volume addressing:
Figure 472072DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
Whether characterizing the Branch Power Flow solution and existing, FVSI is more near 1, the expression circuit is more unstable, the easier voltage collapse that causes node; The definition voltage stability index
Figure 412347DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
, all are passed through node iThe weighted sum of branch road FVSI value after divided by circuit sum; The FVSI value of circuit is more near 1, and λ is larger for its weight, finds out the most outstanding load bus of line voltage distribution stable problem as the place of off-load with this, and takes corresponding Load Shedding Control Strategy;
Wherein the Load Shedding Control Strategy step is:
⑴ the measurement data that utilize WAMS to provide, the merit angle running orbit of all generators in the prognoses system;
⑵ quantize system's initial unbalance power that fault causes in conjunction with the predicted value of previous step;
⑶ dynamic electric voltage stability index V Index Determine the ordering of off-load point, the off-load amount is:
。
It is node and the connection relation between nodes data thereof of putting in order except behind the division isolated island that described rest network reconstruction and optimization are calculated, and take network loss as target, adopts ant group algorithm to be optimized calculating;
Wherein the step of ant group algorithm is:
⑴ encode on off state, consists of a paths from all states of 1 to TM period;
⑵ if once having in the circulation mAnt participates in seeking footpath, ant kThe probability of being transferred to node j by node i is:
Figure 178625DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Wherein,
Figure 360864DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
,
Figure 839250DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
Be respectively information concentration and the heuristic information relative importance factor;
Figure 420404DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Pheromone concentration on the expression t moment path ij, initial information element concentration
Figure 958832DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
(constant);
Figure 687754DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
Expression is transferred to node from node i jHeuristic information, get the inverse of branch road resistance, namely have
Figure 969831DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
Figure 405491DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
Next step allows the set of the node of access for ant k;
⑶ every ant process nThe individual moment has accessed nBehind the individual node, call following formula and carry out the pheromone concentration renewal:
Figure 114821DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
Wherein,
Figure 268722DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
Be the residual degree coefficient of pheromones,
Figure 85981DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
Figure 376148DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
Expression ant k in this circulation in the path IjOn the pheromone concentration that stays; If ant kThrough the path Ij,
Figure 194062DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
,
Figure 569680DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
Be constant, Path for global optimum's (system losses are minimum) in this circulation;
⑷ pass through iterative computation, when mWhen ant had all been selected the same path or reached maximum iteration time, the result that is optimized was the rest network reconfiguration scheme.
 
Fig. 3 is for adopting this strategy 70 nodes to be contained the design sketch that becomes structure operation after distributed power source distribution system branch road 1-2,1-16,30-70 break down.
 
A kind of calculate the correction based on the multistage is connected extensive power distribution network intelligent optimization decision system and comprised data pick-up unit, isolated island division unit, isolated island index evaluation unit, rest network reconfiguration unit, switch motion and the load control unit of successively connection with survivability evaluation:
Described data pick-up unit is used for extracting the power distribution network static data; Be connected with distribution network database;
Described isolated island division unit is used for calculating the isolated island that calculates and revise formation take each distributed power source as root node; Be connected with the data pick-up unit;
Described isolated island index evaluation unit is used for calculating each isolated island survivability index that forms, and determines corresponding load control strategy; Be connected with the isolated island division unit;
Described rest network reconfiguration unit is transferred the rest network data message under distribution network database and the isolated island splitting scheme, the network configuration after calculating the switch motion situation and optimizing; Be connected with the isolated island division unit;
Described switch motion and load control unit are transferred final network optimization structural information and are carried out switch motion, state switching, and according to the result of survivability evaluation corresponding isolated island implemented the load control device; Be connected with isolated island division unit, isolated island index evaluation unit, rest network reconfiguration unit.
 
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the extensive power distribution network Based Intelligent Control decision system based on multistage calculating correction and survivability evaluation of the present invention is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 of the present inventionly calculate to revise and the structural representation of the extensive power distribution network Based Intelligent Control decision system of survivability evaluation based on the multistage, comprising: successively data pick-up unit, isolated island division unit, isolated island index evaluation unit, rest network reconfiguration unit, switch motion and the load control unit of connection.
Its operation principle is: extract the basic static data such as electric network composition parameter, distributed electrical source distribution, idle resource distribution, payload, faulty line; Utilize the basic static data to carry out isolated island and divide calculating and correction; Carry out static state, dynamic survivability evaluation and implement corresponding control measure for the isolated island of dividing; Extract the rest network structured data after final isolated island is divided; Utilize ant group algorithm that rest network is reconstructed to optimize and calculate, obtain optimizing structure of final reconfiguration of electric networks.
 
For more clear technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with preferred embodiment being described in detail.
Described data pick-up unit comprises: the data acquisition module, filtered correction module, analog-to-digital conversion module, communications module and the demodulation module that connect successively.
Described data acquisition module is used for containing the data acquisition of distributed power source distribution system network architecture parameters, running status and action situation; Described filtered correction module is used for adopting data-signal is filtered and revises; Described analog-to-digital conversion module is used for described data-signal is carried out analog-to-digital conversion; Described communications module is used for adopting data transaction and the analog quantity come communicates transmission; Described demodulation module is used for that described data are carried out demodulation and obtains digitized data.
 
Above-described embodiment of the present invention does not consist of the restriction to protection range of the present invention.Any modification of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within the claim protection range of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. one kind contains distributed power source distribution system network change structural optimization method, it is characterized in that, comprises step:
⑴ extract the basic static data such as electric network composition parameter, distributed electrical source distribution, idle resource distribution, payload, faulty line;
⑵ utilize the basic static data to carry out isolated island and divide calculating and correction;
⑶ carry out static state, dynamic survivability evaluation and implement corresponding control measure for the isolated island of dividing;
⑷ extract the rest network structured data after final isolated island is divided;
⑸ utilize ant group algorithm that rest network is reconstructed to optimize and calculate, and obtains optimizing structure of final reconfiguration of electric networks.
2. the distributed power source distribution system network that contains according to claim 1 becomes structural optimization method, it is characterized in that described basic static data comprise distribution network voltage grade, electric network composition parameter, load parameter and history run statistic data.
3. the distributed power source distribution system network that contains according to claim 2 becomes structural optimization method, it is characterized in that described electric network composition parameter comprises: node serial number, branch road annexation, switch closed condition, the distributed power source position of being incorporated into the power networks; Described load parameter comprises: each node load demand size, each node load can interrupt attribute, each node load is worth weight; Described history run statistic data comprise: fault type, faulty line and accident statistics data;
Laden-Value weight each node structure weight two class of comprising the artificial importance level weight of each node, being calculated by the electric Jie's number of single supply wherein, and the key step that the electric Jie's number of single supply calculates is:
⑴ find out the number of the shortest path between current distributed electrical source node and each load bus according to dijkstra's algorithm;
⑵ find out respectively the number of the shortest path process node to be asked between current distributed electrical source node and each load bus;
⑶ calculate the ratio sum of corresponding number of times and number, as the electric Jie's number of the single supply of node to be asked:
Figure 661498DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Wherein, kBe load bus; N k The expression node kAnd the number of shortest path between the DG node; N k( i) The expression node kAnd the shortest path between the DG node is through node iNumber;
Figure 819947DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Representation node kTo DG node branch impedance size, the less path that shows of value is shorter;
The step that wherein adopts dijkstra's algorithm to find the solution single source shortest path is:
⑴ establish figure G=( V, E) every limit EWeights be w
The initialization set S= V 0 , T={ all the other summits }, the summit corresponds among the T V 0 Weights; If V 0 , with V i Link to each other, then V 0 V i The weights d on limit ( V 0 , V i ) be w( V 0 , V i ); If do not link to each other, then make d ( V 0 , V i ) be
Figure 265971DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
⑵ choose weights and be minimum summit from T WAnd not in S, add S;
⑶ make amendment to weight of vertex value among the S: if add WMake intermediate vertex, from V 0 Arrive V i Distance value shorten, then revise these weights;
⑷ repeat above-mentioned steps (2), (3), until comprise all summits among the S.
4. the distributed power source distribution system network that contains according to claim 1 becomes structural optimization method, it is characterized in that, described isolated island is divided the key step of calculating, revising and is:
⑴ take out prominent distributed power source in the distribution system under failure condition, take it as root node, other distributed power source is exerted oneself and set to 0;
⑵ Laden-Value is target to the maximum in the isolated island to divide, and disregards network loss, sets up mixed-integer programming model, adopts implicit enumeration method to calculate:
Figure 209788DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Figure 410962DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Wherein, NBe the system node number, x i Be state variable, x i =1 or 0, x i =1 expression node iPut under in certain isolated island; c i For node is worth, from artificial importance level, the reflection of node importance degree two aspects, be defined as respectively:
Figure 994390DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Wherein,
Figure 57155DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
The reflection node iLoad level can be divided into Three Estate according to loss of outage, and wherein secondary, three stage loads may be interruptible load; Be node iThe electric Jie's number of single supply;
⑶ merge a plurality of isolated islands that only connected by a branch road according to the initial division scheme, takes into account network loss and carry out trend calculating, gets step-length
Figure 248061DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
The interruptible load value that revises the boundary, until satisfy:
Figure 381102DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Wherein:
Figure 434509DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
, Be node iGenerating meritorious and idle;
Figure 567998DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
,
Figure 922756DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
Be node iMeritorious and reactive requirement; Be node iReactive compensation capacity, this paper thinks that the reactive power compensation resource distribution is in each DG place Nodes; GijFor the branch road electricity is led; BijBe the branch road susceptance; θ Ij Be node iWith node jPhase difference of voltage; mFor with node iA way that is associated; P G , P S Be respectively the meritorious sum of exerting oneself of DG, the isolated island network loss after trend is calculated of certain isolated island, and then the idle value additional according to trend calculative determination reactive power compensation point needs;
⑷ carry out the survivability verification to the isolated island that forms, and is divided into the Static and dynamic index, and takes corresponding control measure;
⑸ whenever once calculate, with ready-portioned isolated island equivalence be one without the demand node, choose again the large distributed power source of power time and carry out isolated island and divide and calculate; Until determine final isolated island splitting scheme.
5. become structural optimization method according to the distributed power source distribution system network that contains claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that the step of described implicit enumeration method is:
(1) Mathematical Modeling of setting up is converted into standard type:
Figure 287190DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Annotate: if former problem is for asking Max f, then be converted into Min-fFind the solution;
(2) establishing disaggregation is x=0, judge whether to satisfy constraints, if satisfy, then x=0 is optimal solution, otherwise, turn (3);
(3) choose free variable x k , with x k =1 He x k =0 is condition, and the standard type model is decomposed into two sub-problems (branch), and other free variables still get 0, sounds out for two branches;
(4) constantly check whether subproblem satisfies following condition in the exploration process, then stop the downward branch of this subproblem if satisfy, turn (3):
1. all free variables of trial solution get 0, fixed variable is got set point and brought the standard type model into and meet the demands, and then is feasible solution, and the upper bound that this separates corresponding target function stops downward branch;
2. all trial solutions are not feasible solutions all, stop branch;
3. free variable all gets 0, brings target function into fixed variable, obtains desired value to be fIf greater than minimum value in the record, then subproblem stops downward branch;
4. trial solution is infeasible solutions, and all variablees are fixed variable, and then subproblem stops downward branch, and all problems checks complete, turns (5);
(5) through all branches, the upper bound of relatively recording namely gets optimal solution.
6. become structural optimization method according to the distributed power source distribution system network that contains claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described static survivability evaluation mainly comprises the following aspects:
A. for single islanded system, set up voltage stability index:
Figure 1068DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
Wherein: With
Figure 316960DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
Be respectively branch road IjResistance and reactance;
Figure 675872DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
,
Figure 763914DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
Be respectively the inflow node jMeritorious and reactive power; Get in each node IVoltage stability index as islanded system of index maximum namely has:
Figure 93264DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
According to ICome decision node voltage stabilization degree with the distance of critical value 1.0, IMore show that close to 0 this system is more stable, more show that close to 1.0 this system is more unstable;
B. voltage bound constraint:
Figure 839634DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
C. Branch Power Flow bound constraint:
Figure 508513DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
D. phase angle difference bound constraint:
Figure 829773DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
E. static frequency skew bound constraint:
Figure 134164DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
Figure 657549DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
Wherein:
Figure 884131DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
For islanded system is exerted oneself and the demand difference; GD is certain isolated island set of node;
Figure 938806DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
Be isolated island burden with power sum;
Figure 479508DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
With
Figure 919717DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Be respectively the equivalent difference coefficient of power supply and load, the difference of load type and different electrical power combined system all can be brought impact to the ability that difference finally can be born by system.
7. become structural optimization method according to the distributed power source distribution system network that contains claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described dynamic survivability evaluation:
Consider the dynamic model of isolated island inner member, for the islanded system that contains the WAMS system, net the inside an orphan with n platform generator, imbalance power is:
Figure 520463DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
Wherein, T j Inertia time constant for generator; δMerit angle for generator; ω N Be rated angular velocity; If P LD Be the abundant value of imbalance power of setting, then: when Δ P P LD The time, there is the possibility of unstability in system within the time in future, must carry out immediately the imbalance power that off-load produces to eliminate fault; When Δ P＜ P LD The time, although system is disturbed, system will progressively recover stable in the running orbit in future, the off-load measure of this moment should take into full account system's local voltage stability margin that disturbance causes and increase damping and make system recover as early as possible new stable operating point; Introduce the FVSI index as the foundation of off-load constant volume addressing:
Figure 793925DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
Whether characterizing the Branch Power Flow solution and existing, FVSI is more near 1, the expression circuit is more unstable, the easier voltage collapse that causes node; The definition voltage stability index
Figure 200635DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
, all are passed through node iThe weighted sum of branch road FVSI value after divided by circuit sum; The FVSI value of circuit is more near 1, and λ is larger for its weight, finds out the most outstanding load bus of line voltage distribution stable problem as the place of off-load with this, and takes corresponding Load Shedding Control Strategy;
Wherein the Load Shedding Control Strategy step is:
⑴ the measurement data that utilize WAMS to provide, the merit angle running orbit of all generators in the prognoses system;
⑵ quantize system's initial unbalance power that fault causes in conjunction with the predicted value of previous step;
⑶ dynamic electric voltage stability index V Index Determine the ordering of off-load point, the off-load amount is:
Figure 698613DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
。
8. the distributed power source distribution system network that contains according to claim 1 becomes structural optimization method, it is characterized in that, it is node and the connection relation between nodes data thereof of putting in order except behind the division isolated island that described rest network reconstruction and optimization are calculated, take network loss as target, adopt ant group algorithm to be optimized calculating;
Wherein the step of ant group algorithm is:
⑴ encode on off state, consists of a paths from all states of 1 to TM period;
⑵ if once having in the circulation mAnt participates in seeking footpath, ant kThe probability of being transferred to node j by node i is:
Wherein, ,
Figure 178770DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
Be respectively information concentration and the heuristic information relative importance factor;
Figure 344303DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Pheromone concentration on the expression t moment path ij, initial information element concentration
Figure 21272DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
(constant);
Figure 521523DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
Expression is transferred to node from node i jHeuristic information, get the inverse of branch road resistance, namely have
Figure 20769DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
Figure 227759DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
Next step allows the set of the node of access for ant k;
⑶ every ant process nThe individual moment has accessed nBehind the individual node, call following formula and carry out the pheromone concentration renewal:
Figure 403526DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
Wherein, Be the residual degree coefficient of pheromones,
Figure 752577DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
Expression ant k in this circulation in the path IjOn the pheromone concentration that stays; If ant kThrough the path Ij,
Figure 36928DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
, Be constant,
Figure 24924DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
Path for global optimum's (system losses are minimum) in this circulation;
⑷ pass through iterative computation, when mWhen ant had all been selected the same path or reached maximum iteration time, the result that is optimized was the rest network reconfiguration scheme.
9. calculate to revise based on the multistage and the extensive power distribution network intelligent optimization decision system of survivability evaluation for one kind, it is characterized in that, comprise the data pick-up unit, isolated island division unit, isolated island index evaluation unit, rest network reconfiguration unit, switch motion and the load control unit that connect successively:
Described data pick-up unit is used for extracting the power distribution network static data; Be connected with distribution network database;
Described isolated island division unit is used for calculating the isolated island that calculates and revise formation take each distributed power source as root node; Be connected with the data pick-up unit;
Described isolated island index evaluation unit is used for calculating each isolated island survivability index that forms, and determines corresponding load control strategy; Be connected with the isolated island division unit;
Described rest network reconfiguration unit is transferred the rest network data message under distribution network database and the isolated island splitting scheme, the network configuration after calculating the switch motion situation and optimizing; Be connected with the isolated island division unit;
Described switch motion and load control unit are transferred final network optimization structural information and are carried out switch motion, state switching, and according to the result of survivability evaluation corresponding isolated island implemented the load control device; Be connected with isolated island division unit, isolated island index evaluation unit, rest network reconfiguration unit.
10. according to claim 9ly calculate to revise and the extensive power distribution network intelligent optimization decision system of survivability evaluation based on the multistage, it is characterized in that described data pick-up unit comprises: the data acquisition module, filtered correction module, analog-to-digital conversion module, communications module and the demodulation module that connect successively:
Described data acquisition module is used for containing the data acquisition of distributed power source distribution system network architecture parameters, running status and action situation,
Described filtered correction module is used for adopting data-signal is filtered and revises; ,
Described analog-to-digital conversion module is used for described data-signal is carried out analog-to-digital conversion,
Described communications module is used for adopting data transaction and the analog quantity come communicates transmission,
Described demodulation module is used for that described data are carried out demodulation and obtains digitized data.
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