CN107451743B - Active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics - Google Patents
Active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/06—Electricity, gas or water supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
Abstract
An active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics comprises the following steps: inputting a power distribution system structure and parameters according to the selected power distribution system; establishing a mathematical model of an active power distribution network island operation problem considering source load operation characteristics, comprising the following steps of: setting the maximum active load quantity recovered by a power distribution system in fault time as an objective function, and respectively considering island main power supply uniqueness constraint, system power flow constraint, operating voltage constraint, branch current constraint, uncontrollable distributed power supply operation constraint and controllable distributed power supply operation constraint; solving the obtained mathematical model by adopting a primal-dual interior point method to obtain: the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining an objective function value, voltage amplitude of each node, load recovery coefficient of each node, operation strategy of the distributed power supply and on-off state of a section switch; and outputting a solving result. The invention establishes an active power distribution network island division model considering the source load operation characteristics, the mathematical essence of the model is a nonlinear programming problem, and a power supply recovery scheme is obtained by solving by adopting a primal-dual interior point method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an active power distribution network island operation strategy. In particular to an active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics.
Background
The self-healing function construction in the smart grid is a key ring for the construction of a smart grid system. The distributed power supply is used for realizing the power island division and the operation as one of key technologies in self-healing control. The power distribution network is used as a ring of a power system directly facing users, the connection with the users is the closest, and the influence on the users is the most direct. For a power distribution network, as the permeability of a Distributed Generator (DG) is stronger and stronger, when a transmission system or a distribution system fails to work and a distribution system loses power comprehensively, because part of the DG has the capability of active regulation, the power supply of part of important loads can be recovered by forming a power distribution network power isolated island operation taking the controllable DG as a power supply, and the power supply reliability of the power distribution network is greatly improved.
The island operation of the active power distribution network is used as an emergency operation mode for processing the power grid fault, and the reliability and the safety of the power supply of the system can be obviously improved. The distribution network is directly connected with users, the aim of island operation is that after the fault safety isolation of the distribution network, important loads in a power loss area are firstly recovered, and other non-important loads are recovered as far as possible, so that the maximum power supply recovery is realized, and the problem to be solved urgently is solved for the intelligent distribution network.
The active power distribution network containing a large amount of renewable energy sources and connected to the grid is generally large in scale, the wiring form is very complex, and the hidden danger of serious accidents is also included while the optimal energy transmission and distribution are realized. When a major accident occurs, how to quickly and effectively determine an optimal power island, realize fault isolation, reduce the power failure range as much as possible, and play the role of a distributed power supply with independent power generation capacity as much as possible so as to improve the power supply reliability.
The method is characterized in that a certain moment when a power distribution network breaks down is taken as a reference, the output power and the load condition of a DG are taken as determined quantities, and static island searching and dividing are carried out on the basis, however, when intermittent power sources such as photovoltaic power sources and wind power sources exist in an active power distribution network, the static island dividing strategy is not only difficult to guarantee power balance in the whole island operation process, but also how to adjust an island range within fault time is not considered so as to guarantee continuous and stable power supply of important users.
Aiming at the problems, the continuous and stable operation of important loads in the active power distribution network is ensured to the maximum extent by considering the time sequence operation characteristics of the distributed power supply output and the loads. According to the different times of the power distribution network fault and the different fault duration, different islanding strategies are obtained to ensure that the system recovery load capacity is maximum.
At present, the existing power distribution network island division method mostly takes a certain moment when a power distribution network fails as a reference, the output power and the load condition of a DG are taken as determined quantities, and static island search division is carried out on the basis of the determined quantities. Therefore, an active power distribution network island operation strategy considering source load operation characteristics is needed, and a method for obtaining different island division strategies according to different failure occurrence moments and failure duration after a failure occurs is used for solving the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics, which comprehensively considers various safety operation constraints by establishing an active power distribution network island division model considering source load operation characteristics.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics comprises the following steps:
1) according to the selected power distribution system, input line parameters, load levels, network topology connection relations, system operation voltage levels, branch current limits, controllable and uncontrollable distributed power supply access positions, capacities, maximum power factor angles, load and uncontrollable distributed power supply operation curves, system fault moments and duration, reference voltages, reference powers and other initial values;
2) establishing a mathematical model of an active power distribution network island operation problem considering source load operation characteristics, comprising the following steps of: setting the maximum active load quantity recovered by a power distribution system in fault time as an objective function, and respectively considering island main power supply uniqueness constraint, system power flow constraint, operating voltage constraint, branch current constraint, uncontrollable distributed power supply operation constraint and controllable distributed power supply operation constraint;
3) solving the mathematical model obtained in the step 2) by adopting a primal-dual interior point method to obtain: the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining an objective function value, voltage amplitude of each node, load recovery coefficient of each node, operation strategy of the distributed power supply and on-off state of a section switch;
4) and outputting the solving result of the step 3).
The maximum active load quantity recovered by the power distribution system in the step 2) is expressed as an objective function
In the formula, NTThe time for the system island to run; t is tFThe time when the system fails; n is a radical ofNThe number of nodes in the system;
is the active load on node i at time t; lambda [ alpha ]iIs the recovery coefficient of the load on the node i, and is a variable from 0 to 1 when lambda i1 denotes the node load recovery when λ i0 indicates that the node load is not recovered.
The uniqueness constraint of the main power source of the island in the step 2) is expressed as
αij＝βij+βji,ij∈Ωb
αij∈{0,1}
0≤βij≤1,0≤βji≤1
In the formula, omegabRepresenting the set of all branch circuits equipped with sectionalizers; n is a radical ofSA source node representing a system; alpha is alphaijRepresenting the open state of the switch on branch ij, alpha ij1 denotes switch closed, α ij0 indicates that the switch is open; beta is aijRepresents the relationship of node i and node j, β ij1 denotes that node j is the parent node of node i, β ij0 means that node j is not a parent node of node i; beta is ajiIndicating the off of node j and node iIs beta ofji1 denotes that node i is the parent node of node j, β ji0 means that node i is not a parent of node j; selecting the operation strategy of the controllable distributed power supply through the uniqueness constraint of the main power supply of the island, and satisfying the formula of the controllable distributed power supply on the node i
Then, the distributed power supply on the node i selects a PQ control mode; when controllable distributed power supply on node i satisfies formula
Then, the distributed power supply on the node i selects a V/f control mode to meet the requirement
The number of the controllable distributed power supplies is the number of the islands in the result.
The invention discloses an active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics, which aims to solve the island division problem in an active power distribution network, fully considers the influences of distributed power supply output and load time sequence, and fault occurrence time and fault duration on the island division problem of the active power distribution network, establishes an active power distribution network island division model considering the source load operation characteristics, has a nonlinear programming problem in mathematical essence, and adopts an original-to-even interior point method to solve to obtain a power supply recovery scheme.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an improved IEEE33 node algorithm;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the islanding result when the system fails at 0 and the failure time is 4 hours;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the islanding result with a system failure at 8 hours and 4 hours of failure time;
FIG. 5 is a load characteristic curve;
fig. 6 is a photovoltaic output curve.
Detailed Description
The detailed description of the active power distribution network island operation method considering the source load operation characteristics according to the present invention is provided below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to an active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
1) according to the selected power distribution system, input line parameters, load levels, network topology connection relations, system operation voltage levels, branch current limits, controllable and uncontrollable distributed power supply access positions, capacities, maximum power factor angles, load and uncontrollable distributed power supply operation curves, system fault moments and duration, reference voltages, reference powers and other initial values;
for the example of the invention, firstly, the impedance value of the line element in the IEEE33 node system, the active power and the reactive power of the load element, the load characteristic curve, the distributed power supply parameter, the distributed power supply operation curve, and the network topology connection relation are input, the arithmetic structure is shown in fig. 2, and the detailed parameters are shown in table 1, table 2, table 3, fig. 5 and fig. 6; setting permanent three-phase faults between the branches 1-2 at 0 and 8 respectively, wherein the fault time lasts for 4 hours; the reference voltage of the system was set to 12.66kV and the reference power was set to 1 MVA.
2) Establishing a mathematical model of an active power distribution network island operation problem considering source load operation characteristics, comprising the following steps of: setting the maximum active load quantity recovered by a power distribution system in fault time as an objective function, and respectively considering island main power supply uniqueness constraint, system power flow constraint, operating voltage constraint, branch current constraint, uncontrollable distributed power supply operation constraint and controllable distributed power supply operation constraint; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
(1) the maximum active load quantity recovered by the power distribution system is expressed as an objective function
In the formula, NTThe time for the system island to run; t is tFThe time when the system fails; n is a radical ofNThe number of nodes in the system;
is the active load on node i at time t; lambda [ alpha ]iIs the recovery coefficient of the load on the node i, and is a variable from 0 to 1 when lambda i1 denotes the node load recovery when λ i0 indicates that the node load is not recovered.
(2) The uniqueness constraint of the main power supply of the island is expressed as
αij＝βij+βji,ij∈Ωb (2)
αij∈{0,1} (5)
0≤βij≤1,0≤βji≤1 (6)
In the formula, omegabRepresenting the set of all branch circuits equipped with sectionalizers; n is a radical ofSA source node representing a system; alpha is alphaijRepresenting the open state of the switch on branch ij, alpha ij1 denotes switch closed, α ij0 indicates that the switch is open; beta is aijRepresents the relationship of node i and node j, β ij1 denotes that node j is the parent node of node i, β ij0 means that node j is not a parent node of node i; beta is ajiRepresents the relationship of node j and node i, β ji1 denotes that node i is the parent node of node j, β ji0 means that node i is not a parent of node j; selecting the operation strategy of the controllable distributed power supply through the uniqueness constraint of the main power supply of the island, and satisfying the formula of the controllable distributed power supply on the node i
At node iSelecting a PQ control mode for the distributed power supply; when controllable distributed power supply on node i satisfies formula
Then, the distributed power supply on the node i selects a V/f control mode to meet the requirement
The number of the controllable distributed power supplies is the number of the islands in the result.
(3) The power flow constraint is expressed as
-Mαij≤Pt,ij≤Mαij (14)
-Mαij≤Qt,ij≤Mαij (15)
In the formula, rijResistance of branch ij, xijReactance for branch ij; pt,ij、Qt,ijRespectively the active power and the reactive power flowing through the branch ij at the moment t; pt,i、Qt,iRespectively the sum of active power and reactive power injected into a node i at the time t;
respectively the active power and the reactive power of the load on the node i at the moment t;
respectively the active power and the reactive power injected by the controllable and uncontrollable distributed power supplies on the node i at the time t; the parameter M represents a very large constant, typically 9999.
(4) The operating voltage constraint is expressed as
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and
respectively, the upper and lower voltage limits of node i.
(5) The branch current constraint is expressed as
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the upper current limit for branch ij.
(6) The uncontrollable distributed power supply operation constraint is expressed as
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the upper limit of the active power output of the uncontrollable distributed power supply connected with the node i at the time t;
representing the capacity of the uncontrollable distributed power source connected with the node i;
is the maximum power factor angle of operation of the distributed power supply on node i.
(7) The controllable distributed power supply operation constraint is expressed as
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the capacity of the controllable distributed power source connected to node i.
3) Solving the mathematical model obtained in the step 2) by adopting a primal-dual interior point method to obtain: the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining an objective function value, voltage amplitude of each node, load recovery coefficient of each node, operation strategy of the distributed power supply and on-off state of a section switch;
4) and outputting the solving result of the step 3).
The invention establishes an active power distribution network island operation strategy considering the source load operation characteristics, and solves by adopting an interior point method to obtain an optimal island operation strategy, wherein the controllable distributed power supply operation strategy is shown in a table 4, and the recovery load condition is shown in a table 5.
The computer hardware environment for executing the optimization calculation is Intel (R) core (TM) i5-3470CPU, the main frequency is 3.20GHz, and the memory is 4 GB; the software environment is the Windows 7 operating system.
The output of the distributed power supply and the load time sequence are considered, and the continuous and stable operation of important loads in the system is ensured to the maximum extent. According to the different times of the power distribution network fault and the different fault duration, different islanding strategies are obtained to ensure that the system recovery load capacity is maximum. When the system fault time is 0 hour and 8 hours respectively, the system island operation time is 4 hours, and the optimal island result is shown in fig. 3 and 4, wherein solid nodes represent load recovery, and hollow nodes represent load non-recovery.
TABLE 1 IEEE33 node sample load access location and Power
TABLE 2 IEEE33 node exemplary line parameters
TABLE 3 distributed Power supply configuration
TABLE 4 operating strategy for a controlled distributed power supply
| |
13 | 20 | 23 | 30 |
| At 0 time | V/f control | V/f control | V/f control | V/f control |
| At 8 th hour | V/f control | PQ control | V/f control | PQ control |
TABLE 5 load recovery scenarios
Claims (1)
1. An active power distribution network island operation method considering source load operation characteristics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) according to the selected power distribution system, input line parameters, load levels, network topology connection relations, system operation voltage levels, branch current limits, controllable and uncontrollable distributed power supply access positions, capacities, maximum power factor angles, load and uncontrollable distributed power supply operation curves, system fault moments and duration, reference voltages, reference powers and other initial values;
2) establishing a mathematical model of an active power distribution network island operation problem considering source load operation characteristics, comprising the following steps of: setting the maximum active load quantity recovered by a power distribution system in fault time as an objective function, and respectively considering island main power supply uniqueness constraint, system power flow constraint, operating voltage constraint, branch current constraint, uncontrollable distributed power supply operation constraint and controllable distributed power supply operation constraint; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the maximum active load quantity recovered by the power distribution system is expressed as an objective function
In the formula, NTThe time for the system island to run; t is tFThe time when the system fails; n is a radical ofNThe number of nodes in the system;
is the active load on node i at time t; lambda [ alpha ]iIs the recovery coefficient of the load on the node i, and is a variable from 0 to 1 when lambdai1 denotes the node load recovery when λi0 indicates that the node load is not recovered;
the uniqueness constraint of the main power supply of the island is expressed as
αij＝βij+βji，ij∈Ωb
αij∈{0，1}
0≤βij≤1，0≤βji≤1
In the formula, omegabRepresenting the set of all branch circuits equipped with sectionalizers; n is a radical ofSA source node representing a system; alpha is alphaijRepresenting the open state of the switch on branch ij, alphaij1 denotes switch closed, αij0 indicates that the switch is open; beta is aijRepresents the relationship of node i and node j, βij1 denotes that node j is the parent node of node i, βij0 means that node j is not a parent node of node i; beta is ajiRepresents the relationship of node j and node i, βji1 denotes that node i is the parent node of node j, βji0 means that node i is not a parent of node j; selecting the operation strategy of the controllable distributed power supply through the uniqueness constraint of the main power supply of the island, and satisfying the formula of the controllable distributed power supply on the node i
Selecting a PQ control mode for the distributed power supply on the node i; when controllable distributed power supply on node i satisfies formula
Then, the distributed power supply on the node i selects a V/f control mode to meet the requirement
The number of the controllable distributed power supplies is the number of islands in the result
3) Solving the mathematical model obtained in the step 2) by adopting a primal-dual interior point method to obtain: the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining an objective function value, voltage amplitude of each node, load recovery coefficient of each node, operation strategy of the distributed power supply and on-off state of a section switch;
4) and outputting the solving result of the step 3).
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