CN102845592A - Method for producing bio-protein feedstuff through solid-state fermentation of dreg silybum marianum dreg - Google Patents
Method for producing bio-protein feedstuff through solid-state fermentation of dreg silybum marianum dreg Download PDFInfo
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- 235000010841 Silybum marianum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010563 solid-state fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 244000272459 Silybum marianum Species 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000222178 Candida tropicalis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing a bio-protein feedstuff through solid-state fermentation of a dreg which is a silybum marianum dreg. The invention belongs to the technical field of solid-state fermented bio-protein feedstuffs. According to the invention, a mixed microbial agent composed of microbial strains of aspergillus niger and candida tropicalis is adopted. Certain amounts of urea, glucose and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added into silybum marianum dreg, bran, and corn flour with a certain ratio, and the materials are mixed, such that a solid-state fermentation culture medium is obtained; fermentation is carried out for 48-120h under a temperature of 28-32 DEG C; the material is dried, and a bio-protein feedstuff is obtained. Crude protein content in the protein feedstuff can reach 42%, such that the feedstuff can be applied as an animal culturing protein feedstuff, and can be used for replacing fish meal, meat-bone meal, soybean meal, and the like. The preparation method is simple, and the cost is low. With the method, large-scale productions can be realized. The invention also provides a novel approach for high-efficiency comprehensive utilizations of silybum marianum resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dregs of a decoction biological protein feedstuff and method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of biological protein feedstuff and method thereof that solid state fermentation is produced of carrying out take the dregs of a decoction milk thistle dregs of rice as raw material, belong to solid state fermentation biological protein feedstuff technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the lifting with quality of life of improving constantly of people's living standard, people are increasing to the quality demand of meat, egg, milk, and the development of animal husbandry requires also more and more high so that more and more large to the demand of feed stripped.China's feed industry is in the flourish stage, and annual feed total amount was approximately 1.5 hundred million tons in 2009, was bringing into play more and more important effect in agricultural production and national economy.Protein raw materials in present China production of fodder
(Yuan Tao, Zhang Weili. China's some protein Present Situation of Feedstuff Resources [J]. the Jiangxi feed, 2004,2:25-28.)Mainly be: fish meal, meat meal tankage and dregs of beans etc., their protein content is about respectively 65 %, 53 % and 44 %
(Su Caizhu. imported meat and bone meal attributional analysis [J]. grain and feed industries, 2000, (10): 29-30.), but the demand of fish meal, meat meal tankage, soybean relies on the international market for a long time, and domestic production is under-supply, the shortage of global resources, cause the feedstuff price to rise steadily, feed cost improves constantly, and has become the key factor that restricts China's livestock breeding industry development and affect Agricultural Economic Growth.Secondly, the raiser adds antibiotic and hormone etc. in feed in the animal feeding process
(Dai Xianjun. Chinese herbal feed additive research overview [J]. feed review, 1996,8 (4): 12-14.), cause livestock and poultry and aquatic products quality to descend, lack the market competitiveness and prestige, simultaneously bacterial drug resistance enhancing, antibody-resistant bacterium increase, and are threatening human security, have destroyed ecological environment etc.Therefore, low-cost, efficient, safe feed has become one of focus of current research and development.
Fermented vegetable protein
(Teng Kehe, Kong Fanyu. the effect [J] of fermented vegetable protein raw material in feed. northern animal husbandry, 2007, (10): 25.)Utilize exactly the growth and breeding of microorganism in feedstuff and useful thalline, enzyme and the mesostate of metabolism accumulation, the protein raw materials that processes.Mainly be by aspergillus the Substance Transformations such as non-digestible crude fibre, starch and pectin to be become various carbohydrates, utilize the synthetic nutriment with higher palatability of some composition by yeast, bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria, such as protein, amino acid, vitamin, organic acid, pure and mild various flavor substances etc.The production of fermented vegetable protein is the large and tool industry with broad prospects for development of comprehensive benefit.Solid state fermentation has long history, and the solid state fermentation production of Chinese medicine Divine Comedy was just arranged before 2500.In broad terms, it refers to that a class cultivates the technical process of microorganism with insoluble solid matrix, both comprise the submerged fermentation that floats on a liquid solid-state, be also included within the technical process of cultivating microorganism on the wet solid material that does not have (or almost not having) free water.In most cases refer to not having or almost do not have in the presence of the Free water, in the water-insoluble solid state substrate of certain humidity is arranged, with a bioprocesses of one or more microbial fermentations
(Chen Jian, stifled state becomes, Li Yin, etc. Fermentation Engineering experimental technique [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2003.)The method of solid fermentation is adopted in the at present production of China's protein feed more, such as Wang Xinghua
(Wang Xinghua, punishment meeting rosy clouds, Ren Liping. the research [J] of maize straw microbial solid fermentation feed. the Agriculture of Anhui science, 2008,36 (8): 3327-3328.)Produce feed Deng utilizing the maize straw microbial solid fermentation; Zhang Ji
(Zhang Ji, Wu Guangpeng, Gao Yixia etc. Feeding-protein producing by solid-fermentation from vegetable wastes [J]. Northwest Normal University's journal (natural science edition), 43 (4): 85-89.)With the vegetable castoff production of protein feed by solid fermentation; Zhao Jianguo
(Zhao Jianguo, clock Expo, Zhang Mingxiang. candida tropicalis solid fermentation yellow wine lees is produced the research [J] of protein feed. grain and feed industries, 2002 (2): 22-24.)With candida tropicalis solid fermentation rice wine production protein feed.
Along with developing rapidly of China's medicinal career, the discarded amount of the dregs of a decoction of each large pharmaceutical factory of the whole nation increases day by day, the annual emissions of the national dregs of a decoction reach 3,000 ten thousand t (
Zhou Dabiao, Tang Weihua. [J] inquired in the industrialization of Chinese medicine slag agricultural Cycling And Utilizing Patterns. Shanghai vegetables, 2007, (6): 112-114.), and 90% above manufacturer all with the dregs of a decoction as the waste material garbage disposal.Yet contain the active ingredients such as a large amount of crude fibres, crude fat, crude protein, starch, polysaccharide and trace element in the dregs of a decoction, it is directly burned or landfill has not only been wasted resource, also environment is caused to a certain degree pollution.
Milk thistle (
Sliybum maruianum (L.) Gaertn.) have another name called water and fly pheasant, newborn pheasant, life in to two year, composite family Silybum herbaceous plant originates in Mediterranean, mainly as hepatic.Mainly contain Silybum Marianum Gaertn Seed Oil, albumen and flavone compound in the milk thistle fruit.Flavonoid component is mainly silymarin, and silymarin is flavanolignan's constituents, is the general name of the compounds such as legalon, dehydro-silibinin, silybinomer, milk thistle Roripa and silydianin
(peak, Lee mills. the chemical composition of domestic silymarin and the research of inhibition of lipid peroxidation [J]. and Shenyang Pharmaceutical University's journal, 1997 (2): 87)The milk thistle dregs of rice are remaining residues behind the milk thistle fruit effective component extracting silymarin, mainly are comprised of protein, crude fibre etc., and wherein protein content is 22%-25%, has potential nutritive value,
(Sun Yanhui, Dong Ying, Qi Lili. ultrasonic assisted extraction milk thistle cake protein [J]. grain and oil processing, 2007, (04): 58-60.), but generally abandon as discarded object at present, both wasted resource, again contaminated environment.The milk thistle dregs of rice are fully utilized, can increase economic efficiency, such as the Wang Yingwei of Yanbian University
(Wang Yingwei, Zhang Minbai, Buddha's warrior attendant. the milk thistle mixed feed is on the impact [J] of pig growth performance and daily ration nutrient digestibility. feed industry, 2006,27 (1): 30-32.)Studied the impact of milk thistle mixed feed on pig growth performance and daily ration nutrient digestibility; The S. Korea and the USA orchid (
S. Korea and the USA are blue, Zhang Min, Wang Hongli etc. the impact [J] on fattening conventional physiochemical indice of milk thistle residue and FOS compatibility feed. and Agriculture of Anhui science, 2008,36 (6): 2348-2349.)Reported that milk thistle residue and FOS compatibility feed are on fattening the impact of conventional physiochemical indice.Use the research report that the solid state fermentation milk thistle dregs of rice are produced protein feed but have no at present.
Summary of the invention
Based on the deficiency that exists in the above background technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of biological protein feedstuff and method thereof of producing take the milk thistle dregs of rice as raw material by solid fermentation.
The present invention is take the dregs of a decoction milk thistle dregs of rice as primary raw material, utilize aspergillus niger and candida tropicalis to be mixed microbial inoculum, adopt solid-state fermentation technology, add by a certain percentage wheat bran, corn flour, glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and water, at 28 ℃～32 ℃ bottom fermentation certain hours of temperature, be drying to obtain a kind of biological protein feedstuff, find that through Kjeldahl nitrogen determination wherein crude protein content reaches 42%, can Substitution for Soybean Meal etc. use as the protein feed of animal-breeding.
The method of the biological protein feedstuff that dregs of a decoction milk thistle dregs of rice solid state fermentation of the present invention is produced, carry out according to following step:
(1) milk thistle dregs of rice oven dry crushing screening;
(2) with the milk thistle dregs of rice: wheat bran: the mass ratio of corn flour=7～9:2～0.5:1～0.5 prepares mixed powder, dry weight weighing scale by above-mentioned mixed powder, the glucose of adding 0.5%～2%, 1%～2% urea, 0.4%～0.8% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, regulate moisture content in medium with distilled water and be in mass 50%～70%, stir rear as solid-state fermentation culture medium, for subsequent use behind high pressure steam sterilization 15 min;
(3) solid-state fermentation culture medium is packed in the fermentation tank, charge is 50% by volume, mixed microbial inoculum aerobic fermentation 48 h～120 h under 28 ℃～32 ℃ temperature of access culture medium dry weight 5%～15%;
(4) tunning is drying to obtain biological protein feedstuff under 45 ℃～65 ℃ of temperature.
Wherein said mixed microbial inoculum by aspergillus niger (
Aspergillus niger) and candida tropicalis (
Candida tropicalis) mix composition with the 1:1 volume ratio.
The invention has the advantages that: a kind of protein feed of producing take the dregs of a decoction milk thistle dregs of rice as raw material is provided, and this protein feed crude protein content can reach 42%, can Peru Fish Dietary, meat meal tankage and dregs of beans etc.; Adopt microorganism solid fermentation, the cycle is short, simple process, and cost is low, can realize large-scale production; Realized effective utilization of the dregs of a decoction milk thistle dregs of rice, turned waste into wealth, for the high-efficiency comprehensive utilization of the medicinal milk thistle resource of China provides new way.
The specific embodiment
The milk thistle dregs of rice among the present invention are provided by Jiangsu Zhongxing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., dry, pulverized 40 mesh sieves.
Aspergillus niger 40226(among the present invention
Aspergillus niger) and candida tropicalis 1254(
Candida tropicalis) all be purchased from Chinese industrial microorganism fungus kind preservation center; The preparation method of wherein said mixed microbial inoculum, carry out according to following step:
(1) strain inclined plane activation
With aspergillus niger 40226(
Aspergillus niger) bacterial classification inoculation is in potato dextrose agar (potato 200 g, glucose 20 g, agar 20 g, distilled water 1000 mL, pH nature.121 ℃ of high pressure, 20 min sterilize) on, cultivate 72 h for 28 ℃;
With candida tropicalis 1254(
Candida tropicalis) (brewer's wort 1 L transfers pH 6.4 with the hydrochloric acid solution of the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.1 mol/L and 0.1 mol/L to bacterial classification inoculation, adds 2% agar in the brewer's wort solid medium.121 ℃ of high pressure, 20 min sterilize) on, cultivate 72 h for 28 ℃.
(2) mycotic spore suspension preparation
Get the rear aspergillus niger 40226(of activation
Aspergillus niger) slant strains one ring, 50 mL Sha Shi liquid of glucose culture mediums (glucose 40 g, peptone 10 g, distilled water 1000 mL, pH nature are equipped with in access.121 ℃ of high pressure, 20 min sterilize) 250 mL triangular flasks in, 150 r/min cultivate 48 h, make spore count reach 10 for 28 ℃
7～10
8Individual/mL;
(3) saccharomycete seed preparation
Get the rear candida tropicalis 1254(of activation
Candida tropicalis) bacterial classification one ring, 50 mL malt juice liquid mediums are equipped with in access, and (brewer's wort 1 L transfers pH6.4 with the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.1 mol/L and the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.1 mol/L.121 ℃ of high pressure, 20 min sterilize) 250 mL triangular flasks in, 150 r/min cultivate 48 h, make strain number reach 10 for 28 ℃
7～10
8Individual/mL;
(4) mixed microbial inoculum preparation
The mycotic spore suspension and the saccharomycete seed liquid that prepare are mixed with the 1:1 volume ratio, be mixed microbial inoculum.
Embodiment 1
With milk thistle dregs of rice oven dry crushing screening, get the milk thistle dregs of rice 700 grams: wheat bran 200 grams: corn flour 100 is restrained standby mixed powder, dry weight basis by above-mentioned mixed powder, add 5 gram glucose, 10 gram urea, 4 gram potassium dihydrogen phosphates mix makes fermentation medium, and regulating water content is 50%, the pH nature is at 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15 min.Then the mixed bacteria liquid of inoculation fermentation culture medium dry weight 5%, the mixed bacteria of its access and ratio: aspergillus niger: candida tropicalis=1:1,28 ℃ of fermentation 48h are dried for 45 ℃ and to be got protein feed 935 grams.This protein feed crude protein content is 37%.
Embodiment 2
With milk thistle dregs of rice oven dry crushing screening, get the milk thistle dregs of rice 800 grams: wheat bran 150 grams: corn flour 50 is restrained standby mixed powder, dry weight basis by above-mentioned mixed powder, add 10 gram glucose, 15 gram urea, 5 gram potassium dihydrogen phosphates mix makes fermentation medium, and regulating water content is 60%, the pH nature is at 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15 min.Then the mixed bacteria liquid of inoculation fermentation culture medium dry weight 10%, the mixed bacteria of its access and ratio: aspergillus niger: candida tropicalis=1:1,30 ℃ of fermentation 87 h are dried for 50 ℃ and to be got protein feed 911 grams.This protein feed crude protein content is 42%.
Embodiment 3
With milk thistle dregs of rice oven dry crushing screening, get the milk thistle dregs of rice 900 grams: wheat bran 50 grams: corn flour 50 is restrained standby mixed powder, dry weight basis by above-mentioned mixed powder, add 20 gram glucose, 20 gram urea, 8 gram potassium dihydrogen phosphates mix makes fermentation medium, and regulating water content is 70%, the pH nature is at 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15 min.Then the mixed bacteria liquid of inoculation fermentation culture medium dry weight 15%, the mixed bacteria of its access and ratio: aspergillus niger: candida tropicalis=1:1,32 ℃ of fermentation 120 h are dried for 65 ℃ and to be got protein feed 923 grams.This protein feed crude protein content is 39%.
Claims (2)
1. the method for the biological protein feedstuff produced of dregs of a decoction milk thistle dregs of rice solid state fermentation is characterized in that carrying out according to following step:
(1) milk thistle dregs of rice oven dry crushing screening;
(2) with the milk thistle dregs of rice: wheat bran: the mass ratio of corn flour=7～9:2～0.5:1～0.5 prepares mixed powder, dry weight weighing scale by above-mentioned mixed powder, the glucose of adding 0.5%～2%, 1%～2% urea, 0.4%～0.8% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, regulate moisture content in medium with distilled water and be in mass 50%～70%, stir rear as solid-state fermentation culture medium, for subsequent use behind high pressure steam sterilization 15 min;
(3) solid-state fermentation culture medium is packed in the fermentation tank, charge is 50% by volume, mixed microbial inoculum aerobic fermentation 48 h～120 h under 28 ℃～32 ℃ temperature of access culture medium dry weight 5%～15%;
(4) tunning is drying to obtain biological protein feedstuff under 45 ℃～65 ℃ of temperature.
2. the method for the biological protein feedstuff produced of dregs of a decoction milk thistle dregs of rice solid state fermentation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein said mixed microbial inoculum by aspergillus niger (
Aspergillus niger) and candida tropicalis (
Candida tropicalis) mix composition with the 1:1 volume ratio.
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| CN103583826A (en) * | 2013-11-10 | 2014-02-19 | 河南科技学院 | Preparation method of coptis chinensis decoction dreg fermented feed supplement |
| CN103749941A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-30 | 湖南中医药大学 | Method for producing feed by using herb residues of liu-wei-di-huang pills through fermentation |
| CN103892045A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-02 | 山西鑫中大生物科技有限公司 | Livestock and poultry feed produced by sophora japonica solid dregs, and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105076783A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽百信饲料有限公司 | Special fodder for marketing gooses every 56 days |
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