CN102845287A - Water-culture method and system of banana seedlings - Google Patents
Water-culture method and system of banana seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN102845287A CN102845287A CN2012103233926A CN201210323392A CN102845287A CN 102845287 A CN102845287 A CN 102845287A CN 2012103233926 A CN2012103233926 A CN 2012103233926A CN 201210323392 A CN201210323392 A CN 201210323392A CN 102845287 A CN102845287 A CN 102845287A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-culture method and a system of banana seedlings. The water-culture method comprises the following steps of: selecting the banana seedlings to be cultured in water; building the water-culture system of the banana seedlings, wherein the water-culture system of the banana seedlings comprises a water-culture tank, a water-culture tank cover and an oxygen supply system, the water-culture tank cover is arranged above the water-culture tank, and a plurality of planting holes are formed in the water-culture tank cover; preparing a water-culture nutrient solution from distilled water, wherein the water-culture nutrient solution comprises one or more of calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, ferric salt solution, micro-element, ammonium phosphate and potassium phosphate; fixing the selected banana seedlings to be cultured in the water in planting holes of the water-culture tank cover; injecting the prepared water-culture nutrient solution into the water-culture tank; and replacing the water-culture nutrient solution in the water-culture tank at a fixed period, and supplying oxygen to the water-culture nutrient solution through the oxygen supply system. According to the culture method, control to nutritional ingredients in the culture process of the banana seedlings can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water culture technology of banana seedlings, relate in particular to a kind of ciltivating process and system of banana seedlings.
Background technology
Banana is one of most important fruit in the world, and China is one of original producton location of banana.China has developed into second-biggest-in-the-world banana production state, and banana industry has now become the pillar industry of China's tropical agriculture, is bringing into play very important effect in southern hot-zone economy and rural society development.Do statistics according to Ministry of Agriculture South Asia, China's banana production reached 901.04 ten thousand tons in 2009,524.44 ten thousand hectares of area under cultivations.According to the statistics of FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation), China's banana planting area in 2009 and output account for respectively 5.99% and 9.36% of the world.Banana is the fourth-largest Fruit industry of China, is only second to apple, oranges and tangerines and pears.Banana is perennial large-scale herbaceous monocotyledon, the main year region of samming more than 21 ℃ that distribute.And now, the banana four pests such as frostbite, windburn, drought injury and heat evil and damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, insect pest, salt marsh, heavy metal pollution, the output and quality that also has soil nutrient to lack all banana has an immense impact on
In the prior art, the study general of banana environment stress resistance and nutrition physiology is taked potted plant and field cultivation method, but the field cultivation test is vulnerable to weather and environmental influence, and the same wayward nutrient component with pot experiment, and experimental repeatability is poor; No matter in addition, can not obtain complete root system exactly, be earth culture, husky training, the husky mixing of soil, or coconut palm furfuryl group matter is potted plant all can can't to be recovered to complete root system after test.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of ciltivating process and system of banana seedlings, be used for the nutrient component of control banana seedlings incubation, being easy to simultaneously provides complete root system for the research of banana environment stress resistance and nutrition physiology.
First aspect of the present invention provides a kind of ciltivating process of banana seedlings, comprises following step:
Selection will be carried out the banana seedlings of water planting;
Set up the hydroponic system of banana seedlings, the hydroponic system of described banana seedlings comprises hydroponic box, is arranged on water planting case lid and the oxygen system of described hydroponic box top, and described hydroponic box covers and offers a plurality of field planting holes;
The configuration mill water culture nutrient solution, described mill water culture nutrient solution is formed by the distilled water configuration, and described mill water culture nutrient solution comprises one or more in nitrate of lime, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, iron salt solutions, trace element, ammonium phosphate and the potassium phosphate;
The banana seedlings that will carry out water planting of selecting is fixed in the field planting hole of described water planting case lid, and the described mill water culture nutrient solution that will dispose is injected in the described hydroponic box, described mill water culture nutrient solution soaked the root of described banana seedlings;
Regularly replace the mill water culture nutrient solution in the described hydroponic box, and by the oxygen supply in the described mill water culture nutrient solution of described oxygen system.
The banana seedlings that will carry out water planting of above-mentioned selection is banana test-tube plantlet or banana bagged seedlings, and described banana test-tube plantlet is that height 10cm is above, blade more than 4 ~ 6, robust growth, the disease-free banana seedlings of root; Described banana bagged seedlings be five leaves wholeheartedly, not exhibition of lobus cardiacus, robust growth, the disease-free banana seedlings of root.
Stating selection will carry out also comprising after the banana seedlings of water planting:
The banana seedlings of selecting is carried out clean root to be processed.
Wherein, the banana test-tube plantlet being carried out clean root processing comprises:
The banana test-tube plantlet is immersed in the water 2 minutes, the culture matrix that then adheres to flowing water flushing shoot root section, and repetitive operation 2 ~ 3 times;
The banana bagged seedlings is carried out clean root processing to be comprised:
In banana bagged seedlings root water, and with air pump ventilation at least 30 minutes, in the venting process constantly the root of vibration banana bagged seedlings changed water once in per 10 minutes so that the culture matrix that root adheres to and cultivating soil come off.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of hydroponic system of banana seedlings, comprises water planting frame, hydroponic box, oxygen system and fluorescent tube, and described hydroponic box is assemblied on the described water planting frame;
The top of described hydroponic box is provided with the water planting case lid, and described hydroponic box covers and is provided with field planting hole;
Described oxygen system comprises air pump, control valve, breather pipe, gas stone and the oxygen supply port that connects successively, and described oxygen supply port is arranged on the field planting hole place of each water planting case lid, and described oxygen system is used to banana seedlings fixing in the described field planting hole that oxygen is provided;
Described daylight light is arranged on the described water planting frame, and the top of described hydroponic box is used to banana seedlings fixing in the described field planting hole that the light irradiation is provided.
The ciltivating process of banana seedlings provided by the invention and system, carry out the cultivation of banana seedlings by the mode of water planting, can be by the control to culture fluid in incubation, thereby realize the control to nutrient component: simultaneously for obtaining banana seedlings by ciltivating process, can get access to the complete root system of banana face, to be easy to the research to banana environment stress resistance and nutrition physiology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the ciltivating process of banana seedlings in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the hydroponic system of banana seedlings in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
During for the potted plant or field cultivation of banana seedlings of the prior art, wayward nutrient components all, also be not easy to obtain in addition the defective of complete root system, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of ciltivating process of banana seedlings, Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the ciltivating process of banana seedlings in the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprise following step:
The banana seedlings that will carry out water planting of selecting in this step can be banana test-tube plantlet or banana bagged seedlings, and banana test-tube plantlet wherein is that height 10cm is above, blade more than 4 ~ 6, robust growth, the disease-free banana seedlings of root; Described banana bagged seedlings be five leaves wholeheartedly, not exhibition of lobus cardiacus, robust growth, the disease-free banana seedlings of root.
Concrete, after selecting to carry out the banana seedlings of water planting, can carry out clean root to the banana seedlings of selecting and process.Wherein the banana test-tube plantlet being carried out clean root processing comprises:
The banana test-tube plantlet is immersed in the water 2 minutes, the culture matrix that then adheres to flowing water flushing shoot root section, and repetitive operation 2 ~ 3 times, to remove the culture matrix of banana seedlings root as far as possible, this cleaning process is light and slow, reduces the damage to root;
The banana bagged seedlings is carried out clean root processing to be comprised:
In banana bagged seedlings root water, and with air pump ventilation at least 30 minutes, in the venting process constantly the root of vibration banana bagged seedlings changed water once in per 10 minutes so that the culture matrix that root adheres to and cultivating soil come off.If the removal root adheres in this process culture matrix or cultivating soil are undesirable, can increase the time of aforesaid operations, then in flowing water, peel off culture matrix or cultivating soil that root adheres to, and note reducing the damage to root as far as possible.For coconut palm furfuryl group matter, if its root in banana seedlings twines and is difficult for removing, can select the root of banana seedlings is immersed in the mill water culture nutrient solution simultaneously, with the air pump ventilation, 27 ℃ of lower cultivations about 1 week, root also can fine Ex-all culture matrix.
Concrete, for this hydroponic system, the water planting frame can also be set, and fluorescent tube, above-mentioned hydroponic box is arranged on the water planting frame.For example the water planting frame can select the length and width height to be respectively the group training frame of 130cm * 60 * 200cm, group training frame is divided into two-layer, every layer has 2 fluorescent tubes, fluorescent tube can be controlled by time switch, open in the time of setting to be controlled at fluorescent tube, this fluorescent tube can simulated solar irradiation, provides enough irradiations to the banana seedlings of cultivating.
Concrete, for banana test-tube plantlet and the banana bagged seedlings selected in the step 101, can dispose dissimilar nutrient solutions for it, for example for the banana test-tube plantlet, the described mill water culture nutrient solution of configuration comprises nitrate of lime, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, iron salt solutions, ammonium phosphate and trace element solution, wherein the content of nitrate of lime is 945mg/L, the content of potassium nitrate is 607mg/L, the content of magnesium sulfate is 493mg/L, iron salt solutions content is 2.5ml/L, the content of ammonium phosphate is 115mg/L, and the content of trace element solution is 5ml/L.
For the banana bagged seedlings, the described mill water culture nutrient solution of configuration comprises nitrate of lime, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, iron salt solutions, potassium phosphate and trace element solution, wherein the content of nitrate of lime is 708mg/L, the content of potassium nitrate is 809mg/L, the content of magnesium sulfate is 493mg/L, iron salt solutions content is 2.5ml/L, and the content of potassium phosphate is 636mg/L, and the content of trace element solution is 5ml/L.
Wherein in the above-mentioned trace element solution, the content of potassium iodide is 0.83mg/L, the content of boric acid is 6.2mg/L, the content of manganese sulphate is 22.36mg/L, the content of zinc sulphate is 8.6mg/L, the content of sodium molybdate is 0.25mg/L, and the content of copper sulphate is 0.025mg/L, and the content of cobalt chloride is 0.025mg/L.
Wherein, the content of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is 5.56g/L in the iron salt solutions, and the content of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is 7.46g/L.
In the technique scheme of the present invention, wherein in the mill water culture nutrient solution in each the content of material only be to provide an example, those skilled in that art are according to different needs configuration mill water culture nutrient solutions, and the concrete content of each material in the mill water culture nutrient solution adjusted, usually, the pH value of the mill water culture nutrient solution of configuration is between 6.3 ~ 6.7.
In this step, for the banana seedlings after the above-mentioned clean root processing, can be transplanted in the hydroponic box, fix by the field planting hole that hydroponic box covers, concrete, for less banana seedlings, can twine by sponge the false stem of banana, then be fixed on the hydroponic box, for nine leaves wholeheartedly above banana seedlings then can select the field planting frame to be fixed.
In the water planting process, wherein at the water planting initial stage, for example front 15 days, the old root of banana, the root of damage are can be slowly dead and come off, and the attachment of root also can come off in addition, and can change one time the mill water culture nutrient solution in the hydroponic box this moment in per 2 ~ 3 days, and cleaning hydroponic box,, changed the mill water culture nutrient solution in the hydroponic box one time, and hydroponics device is carried out hypochlorous acid disinfect in per 6 ~ 7 days after 15 days in water planting.
Above-mentionedly can comprise two kinds of situations by oxygen system oxygen supply in the described mill water culture nutrient solution, the one, during banana seedlings below cultivating eight leaves, per 40 banana seedlings are selected flow velocity oxygen supply in the mill water culture nutrient solution of 90L/ minute, every interval ventilation in hour hour; The 2nd, during banana seedlings more than cultivating eight leaves, per 20 banana seedlings are selected flow velocity oxygen supply in the mill water culture nutrient solution of 90L/ minute, every interval ventilation in hour hour.
In the water planting process of banana seedlings, can control cultivation temperature between 25 ~ 29 ℃, intensity of illumination is between 4000～10000 luxs, and light application time is 10 hours every days.
When the banana seedlings seedling of water planting was selected the banana test-tube plantlet, culture environment should be selected above-mentioned culture environment condition.The water planting banana seedlings be five leaves wholeheartedly or when above, the hydroponic system of banana seedlings can directly be put into banana hardening canopy.Banana hardening canopy environmental condition is: load onto one deck 40～60 purpose fly nets in porch and vent window place, the covering transmitance is 50%～70% sunshade net on the hardening canopy, 25～30 ℃ of hardening canopy internal temperatures.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the hydroponic system of banana seedlings in the embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 2, the hydroponic system of this banana seedlings comprises water planting frame 11, hydroponic box 12, oxygen system 13 and fluorescent tube 14, and described hydroponic box 12 is assemblied on the described water planting frame 11; The top of described hydroponic box 12 is provided with the water planting case lid, and described hydroponic box covers and is provided with field planting hole; Described oxygen system 13 comprises air pump, control valve, breather pipe, gas stone and the oxygen supply port that connects successively, described oxygen supply port is arranged on the field planting hole place of each water planting case lid, described oxygen system is used to banana seedlings fixing in the described field planting hole that oxygen is provided, and fluorescent tube can be arranged on the water planting frame, the top of hydroponic box, this fluorescent tube can provide for banana seedlings fixing in the field planting hole sufficient light irradiation.
The air pump of above-mentioned oxygen system 13 can provide oxygen, oxygen is regulated the size of air-flow through control valve, the suitable air-flow of size adjustment arrives through breather pipe subsequently and supports mouthful, at the front end of oxygen supply port gas stone can be set, and this gas stone is generally made by quartz sand or wooden, plastics, hole is more, after gas stone was put into water body, air-flow produced microporous bubble after being input to gas stone by breather pipe in water, bubble is soluble in water, reaches the purpose of dissolved oxygen oxygenation.And further, can also arrange regularly and open the light, this time switch can be opened air pump according to the predefined time, so that oxygen to be provided.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, wherein oxygen supply port can be arranged on apart from hydroponic box and cover each field planting hole 1cm place.In addition, the diameter of the field planting hole that covers of above-mentioned hydroponic box can be set to 3 ~ 7cm.
It should be noted that at last: above each embodiment is not intended to limit only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; Although with reference to aforementioned each embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, and perhaps some or all of technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. the ciltivating process of a banana seedlings is characterized in that, comprises following step:
Selection will be carried out the banana seedlings of water planting;
Set up the hydroponic system of banana seedlings, the hydroponic system of described banana seedlings comprises hydroponic box, is arranged on water planting case lid and the oxygen system of described hydroponic box top, and described hydroponic box covers and offers a plurality of field planting holes;
The configuration mill water culture nutrient solution, described mill water culture nutrient solution is formed by the distilled water configuration, and described mill water culture nutrient solution comprises one or more in nitrate of lime, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, iron salt solutions, trace element, ammonium phosphate and the potassium phosphate;
The banana seedlings that will carry out water planting of selecting is fixed in the field planting hole of described water planting case lid, and the described mill water culture nutrient solution that will dispose is injected in the described hydroponic box, described mill water culture nutrient solution soaked the root of described banana seedlings;
Regularly replace the mill water culture nutrient solution in the described hydroponic box, and by the oxygen supply in the described mill water culture nutrient solution of described oxygen system.
2. the ciltivating process of banana seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the banana seedlings that will carry out water planting of selecting is banana test-tube plantlet or banana bagged seedlings, and described banana test-tube plantlet be more than the height 10cm, blade more than 4 ~ 6, robust growth, the disease-free banana seedlings of root; Described banana bagged seedlings be five leaves wholeheartedly, not exhibition of lobus cardiacus, robust growth, the disease-free banana seedlings of root.
3. the ciltivating process of banana seedlings according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the banana seedlings that described selection will be carried out water planting also comprises afterwards:
The banana seedlings of selecting is carried out clean root to be processed.
4. the ciltivating process of banana seedlings according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the banana test-tube plantlet is carried out clean root processing comprise:
The banana test-tube plantlet is immersed in the water 2 minutes, the culture matrix that then adheres to flowing water flushing shoot root section, and repetitive operation 2 ~ 3 times;
The banana bagged seedlings is carried out clean root processing to be comprised:
In banana bagged seedlings root water, and with air pump ventilation at least 30 minutes, in the venting process constantly the root of vibration banana bagged seedlings changed water once in per 10 minutes so that the culture matrix that root adheres to and cultivating soil come off.
5. the ciltivating process of banana seedlings according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, for the banana test-tube plantlet, the described mill water culture nutrient solution of configuration comprises nitrate of lime, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, iron salt solutions, ammonium phosphate and trace element solution, and wherein the content of nitrate of lime is 945mg/L, and the content of potassium nitrate is 607mg/L, the content of magnesium sulfate is 493mg/L, iron salt solutions content is 2.5ml/L, and the content of ammonium phosphate is 115mg/L, and the content of trace element solution is 5ml/L;
For the banana bagged seedlings, the described mill water culture nutrient solution of configuration comprises nitrate of lime, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, iron salt solutions, potassium phosphate and trace element solution, wherein the content of nitrate of lime is 708mg/L, the content of potassium nitrate is 809mg/L, the content of magnesium sulfate is 493mg/L, iron salt solutions content is 2.5ml/L, and the content of potassium phosphate is 636mg/L, and the content of trace element solution is 5ml/L.
6. the ciltivating process of banana seedlings according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the content of potassium iodide is 0.83mg/L in the described trace element solution, the content of boric acid is 6.2mg/L, the content of manganese sulphate is 22.36mg/L, and the content of zinc sulphate is 8.6mg/L, and the content of sodium molybdate is 0.25mg/L, the content of copper sulphate is 0.025mg/L, and the content of cobalt chloride is 0.025mg/L;
The content of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is 5.56g/L in the described iron salt solutions, and the content of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is 7.46g/L.
7. the ciltivating process of banana seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the mill water culture nutrient solution that regularly replaces in the described hydroponic box comprises:
In water planting front 15 days, changed the mill water culture nutrient solution in the hydroponic box one time in per 2 ~ 3 days, in water planting after 15 days, changed one time the mill water culture nutrient solution in the hydroponic box in per 6 ~ 7 days.
8. the ciltivating process of banana seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly comprises by the oxygen supply in the described mill water culture nutrient solution of described oxygen system:
During banana seedlings below cultivating eight leaves, per 40 banana seedlings are selected flow velocity oxygen supply in the mill water culture nutrient solution of 90L/ minute, every interval ventilation in hour hour;
During banana seedlings more than cultivating eight leaves, per 20 banana seedlings are selected flow velocity oxygen supply in the mill water culture nutrient solution of 90L/ minute, every interval ventilation in hour hour.
9. the ciltivating process of banana seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
In the water planting process of described banana seedlings, the control cultivation temperature is between 25 ~ 29 ℃, and intensity of illumination is between 4000～10000 luxs, and light application time is 10 hours every days.
10. the hydroponic system of a banana seedlings is characterized in that, comprises water planting frame, hydroponic box, oxygen system and fluorescent tube, and described hydroponic box is assemblied on the described water planting frame;
The top of described hydroponic box is provided with the water planting case lid, and described hydroponic box covers and is provided with field planting hole;
Described oxygen system comprises air pump, control valve, breather pipe, gas stone and the oxygen supply port that connects successively, and described oxygen supply port is arranged on the field planting hole place of each water planting case lid, and described oxygen system is used to banana seedlings fixing in the described field planting hole that oxygen is provided;
Described fluorescent tube is arranged on the described water planting frame, and the top of described hydroponic box is used to banana seedlings fixing in the described field planting hole that the light irradiation is provided.
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| CN106134958A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 洪作良 | The method cultivating plant in water |
| CN106613875A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 潍坊市华以农业科技有限公司 | Crop hydroponic device and hydroponic vegetable growing shed |
| CN107646661A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-02 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of in vitro hydroponic system of banana root system and cultural method |
| CN108094172A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-01 | 黄颖 | A kind of ciltivating process of interior epipremnum aureum |
| CN110122304A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-16 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method of banana water planting hardening |
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| CN110122304A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-16 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method of banana water planting hardening |
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|---|---|
| CN102845287B (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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