CN102834180B - The combustible waste method for separating of construction waste - Google Patents

The combustible waste method for separating of construction waste Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102834180B
CN102834180B CN201180005785.6A CN201180005785A CN102834180B CN 102834180 B CN102834180 B CN 102834180B CN 201180005785 A CN201180005785 A CN 201180005785A CN 102834180 B CN102834180 B CN 102834180B
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China
Prior art keywords
combustible
sorting
construction waste
sorting step
discarded object
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CN201180005785.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102834180A (en
Inventor
金允熙
元锺哲
宋相基
尹琇冏
闵鐘民
金在根
姜镐政
李鹤
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Insun ENT Co.,Ltd.
KOREA CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Original Assignee
首都圈埋立地管理公司
都和技术有限公司
大宇建设
韩国综合技术
韩国建设技术研究院
人善Ent公司
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B9/061General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
    • B03B9/065General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial the refuse being building rubble
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/58Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78Recycling of wood or furniture waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of combustible waste method for separating of construction waste, it comprises: the large-scale combustible removal step 100 removing large-scale combustible from the construction waste after sorting circulation aggregate; After the sorting of large-scale combustible, from construction waste, remove incombustible and the combustible sorting step 300 of sorting combustible; And from combustible the wood type sorting step 400 of sorting timber class.The present invention can the combustible such as wood type effectively in sorting construction waste, solves the shortage problem of landfill yard, and makes the recycling as fuel become possibility.

Description

The combustible waste method for separating of construction waste
Technical field
The present invention relates to building, environmental area, relating to a kind of method that combustible waste to being included in construction waste carries out sorting in more detail.
Background technology
The construction waste produced by the dismounting etc. of other building of building roughly can divide into combustible and incombustible, present situation is that the aggregate (regeneration aggregate) that wherein circulates carries out sorting by intermediate treatment business, hold thin-graded a part of combustible to be incinerated, the most of combustible and the incombustible that are difficult to carry out sorting carry out landfill at landfill yard.
Construction waste after analysis cycle aggregate is sorted, report has the wood type, other combustible of 30%, the incombustible of 45% etc. (Capital Circle landfill yard management company, 2010) that comprise 25%
That is, present situation be the construction waste of the combustible state headed by wood type comprising 55% degree by direct landfill in landfill yard.
But, be noted following problem: the combustibles such as this wood type are large compared to bulking value, therefore not only taken too much landfill space, although and its fuel feedback being enough to as thermal power generation etc., but to be directly landfilled.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem solved
The present invention proposes to solve problem as above, its object is to, a kind of combustible waste method for separating of construction waste is proposed, described method can the combustible such as wood type in sorting construction waste effectively, thus solves the shortage problem of landfill yard and make to become possibility as reusing of fuel.
Technical scheme
In order to solve described problem, the present invention proposes a kind of combustible waste method for separating of construction waste, comprising: the large-scale combustible removal step 100 removing large-scale combustible from the construction waste after sorting circulation aggregate; After large-scale combustible described in sorting, from described construction waste, remove incombustible and the combustible sorting step 300 of sorting combustible; The wood type sorting step 400 of sorting timber class from described combustible.
Preferably, described large-scale combustible removal step 100 comprises: move into described construction waste and come in the open stockyard and carry out outdoor step of storing up; And from the outdoor described construction waste stored up, the step of the large-scale combustibles such as large-scale timber, clothing is removed by equipment or manpower.
Preferably, also comprise between described large-scale combustible removal step 100 and described combustible sorting step 300: by the impact type destruction step 200 of the broken described construction waste of impact crusher.
Preferably, described combustible sorting step 300 comprises: the magnetic separating step 310 being removed the iron material class in described construction waste by magnetic force.
Preferably, after described magnetic separating step 310, described combustible sorting step 300 comprises: the rotary screen sorting step 320 be separated with small-sized discarded object large-scale discarded object by rotary screen.
Preferably, after described rotary screen sorting step 320, described combustible sorting step 300 comprises: described large-scale discarded object is put into tank, removes incombustible according to the differential precipitation of proportion and the wet separation step 330 of combustible that floats up of sorting.
Preferably, after described rotary screen sorting step 320, described combustible sorting step 300 comprises: implement to described small-sized discarded object the screening sorting step 340 that screening removes fine sandy soil class.
Preferably, after described screening sorting step 340, described combustible sorting step 300 comprises: the described small-sized discarded object being eliminated described fine sandy soil class by described screening sorting step 340 is put into rake separator, is driven remove incombustible and the rake sorting step 350 of sorting combustible by the rake of described rake separator.
Preferably, described wood type sorting step 400 comprises: spray by air jet system the air injection sorting step 410 that air removes light weight combustible to described combustible.
Preferably, after described air sprays sorting step 410, described wood type sorting step 400 comprises: remove the optics sorting step 440 of other combustible by the wood type in combustible described in the sorting of optics separator.
Preferably, the hot blast sorting step 430 comprising between sorting step 410 and described optics sorting step 440 and described combustible applying high-temperature hot-air is removed to light weight combustible is sprayed at described air.
Preferably, described air sprays between sorting step 410 and described hot blast sorting step 430 and comprises: by the cutting type breaking step 420 of combustible described in cutting type breaking crusher machine.Beneficial effect
The present invention proposes a kind of combustible waste method for separating of construction waste, described method can the combustible such as wood type effectively in sorting construction waste, thus solves the shortage problem of landfill yard and make the recycling as fuel become possibility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shown below embodiments of the invention, wherein
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the first embodiment,
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the second embodiment,
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of impact crusher,
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of magnetic force sorting device,
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of rotary screen,
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of wet separation device,
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of vibratory sieve,
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of rake separator,
Fig. 9 is the stereogram of air knife (Air-knife) type gravity separation device,
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of pneumatic separator.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in detail.
As Fig. 1 is shown below, the combustible waste method for separating of construction waste of the present invention comprises substantially: the large-scale combustible removal step 100 removing large-scale combustible 1 from the construction waste after sorting circulation aggregate; After the large-scale combustible 1 of sorting, from construction waste, remove the combustible sorting step 300 of incombustible 2 sorting combustible 3; The wood type sorting step 400 of other combustible 4 sorting timber class 5 is removed from combustible 3.
The method for separating of construction waste has the method first removing incombustible and the method first removing combustible, and the method first removing incombustible is easily suitable in existing technology and separating effect is also excellent, thus after constituting first sorting incombustible, combustible and wood type are carried out the technique that is separated.
Large-scale combustible removal step 100, in order to reduce as the combustible sorting step of operation and the burden of wood type sorting step thereafter, preferably includes: move into the construction waste after sorting circulation aggregate and outdoor step of storing up stockyard in the open; And the step of the large-scale combustible such as large-scale timber, clothing, carpet in the outdoor described construction waste stored up is removed by the equipments such as crane or manpower.
The granularity of construction waste presents wider distribution, and this chooses in separation point is unaccommodated key element, therefore needs at technique initial stage configuration disintegrating apparatus to seek homogenizing of granularity.
And, disintegrating machine has by the impact crusher of impact grinding discarded object and the cutting type pulverizer by cutting machine (blade) shredded waste, and at the technique initial stage, size due to discarded object is large many, and comprise the incombustible of a lot of hard rigid material, therefore there are the misgivings using cutting type pulverizer that the damage of cutting machine occurs often.
Therefore, preferably, also comprise between large-scale combustible removal step 100 and combustible sorting step 300: by the impact type destruction step 200 of the broken construction waste of impact crusher.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of representative impact crusher 10 in impact crusher.
Described impact crusher 10 adopts following structure: drop into input 14 between impact bar 12 fixing on rotating shaft 11 and striker plate 13, carry out fragmentation by the revolving force of impact bar 12.
Remove incombustible the combustible sorting step 300 of sorting combustible preferably includes magnetic separating step 310, described magnetic separating step 310 removes the iron material class 6 in construction waste by magnetic force in the early stage.
This is because iron material class can cause the fault of back segment equipment, therefore preferably removes in early days, and be the material that economy is high due to it, therefore reclaim under the state that damage is less and there is efficiency.
Fig. 4 is the head dummy down in magnetic force sorting device the schematic diagram of sorting unit.
Discharge belt 22 to can be rotatably set in around magnet 21, and pass through magnetic force sorting iron material class 6 from the discarded object feed belt 23 of magnet 21.
Preferably, after magnetic separating step 310, combustible sorting step 300 preferably includes rotary screen sorting step 320, and described rotary screen sorting step 320 is separated with small-sized discarded object 7b large-scale discarded object 7a by rotary screen.
As shown in Figure 5, rotary screen 30 refer to by rotating cylindrical drum 31 on the device that can classify to discarded object by granule size of the multiple hole 32,33 of beating.
This not only has the effect that strand discarded object is together scattered, and by the large large-scale discarded object (more than 50mm) of partition size and the little small-sized discarded object (below 50mm) of granularity, there is the advantage effectively can carrying out sorting respectively in subsequent handling.
By the large-scale discarded object of rotary screen sorting step 320 sorting above, preferably to put it in tank and to carry out sorting by wet separation step 330, described wet separation step 330 is: remove the incombustible 9 precipitated according to the difference of proportion, the combustible 3 that sorting floats up.
This wet separation method can effectively for the removal by relying on the screening of sieve to be difficult to the attritive powder be separated.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of wet separation device 40.
The structure of described wet separation device 40 is as follows: in tank 40a, drop into discarded object by dropping into conveyer 41, flow at high speed is caused towards the incidence of discarded object by high-pressure pump 44 and high pressure nozzle 45, discharge conveyer 42 by timber and reclaim the wood type 5 floated up, discharge conveyer 43 by incombustible and discharge the incombustible sunk.
Carry out sorting by the small-sized discarded object of rotary screen sorting step 320 sorting preferably by screening sorting step 340, described screening sorting step 340 removes fine sandy soil class 8 by implementing screening.
Granularity is that the discarded object of below 50mm accounts for 57.6% in overall discarded object, wherein sandy soil reach 32.1%, brick class reaches 13.9%, be that the fine sandy soil class of below 20mm carries out separation landfill disposal by granularity, also there is efficiency from the angle of landfill, and there is the advantage avoiding the equipment needing excessive capacity in order to sorting.
And, in construction waste, the sandy soil of high humidity are attached on timber or the large discarded object of granularity in a large number, the sandy soil of attachment like this can become the obstructive cause of the efficiency reducing the sorting units such as optics separator described later, and therefore the stabilisation it removed in advance for overall separation system is effective.
In order to more effectively carry out the removal of the fine sandy soil class relying on screening, as shown in Figure 7, preferably by vibrating screen device 50 grade, vibration is carried out to implement separation operation to sieve.
Vibrating screen device 50 adopts following structure: the sieve 51,52 being obliquely installed the mesh with multiple size, transfers discarded object and carry out sorting by vibration.
The small-sized discarded object being eliminated fine sandy soil by screening sorting step 340 is preferably put into rake separator and carries out sorting by rake sorting step 350, and described rake sorting step 350 is driven by the rake of rake separator and removes incombustible and sorting combustible.
Rake separator (rake) 60 carries out sorting to combustible in the following manner.As shown in Figure 8, transfer discarded object by conveyer 61, and drive the repetition of (action of sweeping the floor) according to the rake of the rake such as rake 621 or brush 622 62, sweep and collect the relatively little combustable organic construction waste 3a of weight, and discharging remaining incombustible 2.
Incombustible is removed by above-mentioned operation, after sorting combustible, sorting timber class again from combustible.
Such wood type sorting step 400 preferably includes air and sprays sorting step 410, and described air sprays sorting step 410 and removes light weight combustible 3a for the initial stage sprays air to combustible by air jet system.
Such air jet system (specific gravity separator), for the large wood type relative to particle of the specific gravity of separation from the combustible of sorting, makes to remove the combustible such as vinyl plastics, fiber of light weight and the relatively large wood type 5 of sorting weight.
Air knife type gravity separation device 70 in air jet system, as shown in Figure 9, adopt following structure: the construction waste C supplied by air conveyor 71 is fallen by incline conveyer 72, and the combustible 3a of the light weight in the construction waste C simultaneously making dependence air jet part 73 land rises and removes.
In order to the effective sorting passing through hot blast sorting step 430 and optics sorting step 440 described later, preferably, combustible by the sorting of elutriation step 410 is carried out fragmentation by cutting type breaking step 420, and described cutting type breaking step 420 is implemented by cutting crusher.
At the operation initial stage, owing to comprising the large and hard discarded object of a lot of size, therefore use impact crusher efficient as mentioned above, but eliminating hard incombustible, in the wood type sorting step being object with the construction waste comprising combustible slight greatly, using that to pulverize the cutting crusher of object equably by cutting machine (blade) more efficient.
After this, preferably, carry out sorting by hot blast sorting step 430 pairs of combustibles, described hot blast sorting step 430 removes light weight combustible by applying high-temperature hot-air.
As shown in Figure 10, said process is by realization such as pneumatic separator 80 grade, pneumatic separator 80 adopts following structure: the stationery being dropped into weight by throw-in part 81, produce the dry combustible of hot blast by air blast and electric heater in air chamber 82 while, after separation sorting, reclaim stationery by discharge portion 83.
The light weight material such as dust, plastic products, vinyl plastics, fiber-like of the specific gravity of separation little 10mm below relative to particle from the combustible of fragmentation.
Finally, preferably, carry out sorting by optics sorting step 440, described optics sorting step 440 is by optics separator sorting timber class remove other combustible from combustible.
This is the technique in order to accurately sub-elect wood type in the combustible from more than the 10mm size sub-elected by hot blast sorting step.
Optics separator has near infrared ray sorting unit, X-line sorting unit etc.
The assorting room of near infrared ray mode is utilized to have the advantage not needing preprocessing process by the impact of the foreign matter and moisture that are present in test portion surface.
Therefore, owing to being not too subject to external action, the reliability of sorting is high, and the construction waste for multiple proterties can carry out nondestructive analysis, thus can process rapidly.
Use the determination method of X-line can be roughly divided into penetrant method, optical spectroscopy and diffraction approach, make use of the absorbing phenomenon of the X-line to object, the emission phenomena of fluorescence X-line and the scattering phenomenon of X-line respectively.
Wherein, X-line optical spectroscopy is described as follows.
During to object illumination X-line, the X-line of the natural wavelength that each element that object can launch formation object again has.
This phenomenon is the electronics that in the X-line h substance owing to being irradiated to object, atom has, and its room is filled up by the electronics of electron orbit outermost (side that energy is high), and remaining fault offset is that X-line produces.
That is, when X-line being irradiated to object, the secondary X-line of the peculiar wavelength that each element that can produce formation object has, by carrying out spectrum analysis to this X-line, can know the kind of the element of constitute.
Explanation is with a portion of more than just to the preferred embodiment that can realize according to the present invention, as everyone knows, scope of the present invention should not be construed as and is limited to above embodiment, and technological thought of the present invention described above all should be within the scope of the present invention with the technological thought based on this technological thought.

Claims (5)

1. a combustible waste method for separating for construction waste, it comprises:
The large-scale combustible removal step (100) of large-scale combustible is removed from the construction waste after sorting circulation aggregate;
By the impact type destruction step (200) of the broken described construction waste of impact crusher, described impact type destruction step (200) is implemented by impact crusher (10), described impact crusher (10) adopts following structure: drop into input (14) between the upper fixing impact bar (12) of rotating shaft (11) and striker plate (13), carry out fragmentation by the revolving force of impact bar (12);
After large-scale combustible described in sorting, from described construction waste, remove incombustible and the combustible sorting step (300) of sorting combustible, described combustible sorting step (300) comprising:
The magnetic separating step (310) of the iron material class in described construction waste is removed by magnetic force, described magnetic separating step (310) is implemented by magnetic force sorting device, in described magnetic force sorting device, discharge belt (22) and can be rotatably set in magnet (21) around, and pass through magnetic force sorting iron material class (6) from the discarded object feed belt (23) of magnet (21), the iron material class (6) sub-elected is removed from described feed belt (23) along the rotate path of described discharge belt (22);
By the rotary screen sorting step (320) that rotary screen is separated with small-sized discarded object large-scale discarded object;
Described large-scale discarded object is put into tank, remove according to the incombustible of the differential precipitation of proportion and the wet separation step (330) of combustible that floats up of sorting, described wet separation step (330) is implemented by wet separation device, the structure of described wet separation device is as follows: in tank (40a), drop into discarded object by dropping into conveyer (41), flow at high speed is caused towards the incidence of discarded object by high-pressure pump (44) and high pressure nozzle (45), discharge conveyer (42) by timber and reclaim the wood type (5) floated up, discharge conveyer (43) by incombustible and discharge the incombustible sunk,
The screening sorting step (340) that screening removes fine sandy soil class is implemented to described small-sized discarded object, described screening sorting step (340) is implemented by vibrating screen device (50), described vibrating screen device (50) adopts following structure: the sieve (51,52) being obliquely installed the mesh with multiple size, transfers discarded object and carry out sorting by vibration screen;
The described small-sized discarded object being eliminated described fine sandy soil class by described screening sorting step (340) is put into rake separator, driven by the rake of described rake separator and remove incombustible and the rake sorting step (350) of sorting combustible, described rake sorting step (350) is implemented by rake separator, described rake separator is by conveyer (61) transfer discarded object, and drive according to the rake of rake (621) or brush (622), namely to sweep the floor the repetition of action, sweep and collect the little combustable organic construction waste of weight, and discharge remaining incombustible (2), and
The wood type sorting step (400) of sorting timber class from described combustible, described wood type sorting step (400) sprays by air jet system air injection sorting step (410) that air removes light weight combustible to described combustible, described wood type sorting step (400) is implemented by gravity separation device (70), described gravity separation device (70) adopts following structure: the construction waste supplied by air conveyor (71) is fallen by incline conveyer (72), rely on air jet part (73) to make the combustible of the light weight in the construction waste of landing rise and remove simultaneously.
2. the combustible waste method for separating of construction waste as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described large-scale combustible removal step (100) comprising:
Move into described construction waste to come in the open stockyard and carry out outdoor step of storing up; And
Removed the step of large-scale combustible of large-scale timber, clothing by equipment or manpower from the outdoor described construction waste stored up.
3. the combustible waste method for separating of construction waste as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, after described air sprays sorting step (410), described wood type sorting step (400) comprising: remove the optics sorting step (440) of other combustible by the wood type in combustible described in the sorting of optics separator.
4. the combustible waste method for separating of construction waste as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, spray the hot blast sorting step (430) comprising between sorting step (410) and described optics sorting step (440) and described combustible applying high-temperature hot-air is removed to light weight combustible at described air.
5. the combustible waste method for separating of construction waste as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described air sprays between sorting step (410) and described hot blast sorting step (430) and comprises: by the cutting type breaking step (420) of combustible described in cutting type breaking crusher machine.
CN201180005785.6A 2010-02-12 2011-02-11 The combustible waste method for separating of construction waste Active CN102834180B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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KR10-2010-0013264 2010-02-12
KR1020100013264A KR101010247B1 (en) 2010-02-12 2010-02-12 Sortong method for combustible waste in construction waste
PCT/KR2011/000926 WO2011099805A2 (en) 2010-02-12 2011-02-11 Method for sorting combustible waste from construction waste

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CN102834180B true CN102834180B (en) 2015-07-29

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KR101010247B1 (en) 2011-01-21
ZA201205694B (en) 2013-09-25
CN102834180A (en) 2012-12-19
WO2011099805A2 (en) 2011-08-18
WO2011099805A3 (en) 2012-01-12

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