CN102825039A - 一种油罐清洗方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种油罐清洗方法，其特点是在全封闭情况下采用以下步骤：原油移送→惰性气体注入→同种油清洗→温水清洗→罐内通风→罐内清渣等纯物理、机械的清洗方法；经过此方法处理后，罐内残油95%以上可以回收再利用，综合效益显著；罐内清洗干净、彻底，甚至可见金属本身；罐内可达到动火标准。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及清洗技术领域，具体地讲是一种油罐清洗方法。
背景技术
由于原油中含有少量的泥砂、水分等杂质, 这些杂质沉积在储油罐的底部和附件上, 使储油罐的有效容积减少, 同时会对罐底板和罐壁板产生腐蚀, 造成原油泄漏, 存在重大安全隐患。为了保护罐体、减少能源浪费、防止安全事故的发生, 根据规定必须定期对储油罐进行清洗。常用的油罐清理方法如下：1、人工法，受天气影响，人员安全没有保障，油品回收率极低，对环境造成二次污染；2、蒸汽法，受天气影响，人员安全没有保障，破坏油品质量，降低使用价值，对环境造成二次污染；3、热水法，受天气影响，人员安全没有保障，污水处理成本增加，对环境造成二次污染；上述常规方法都存在一定的缺陷，且清洗周期长，尤其是人员安全得不到保障。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述已有技术的不足，而提供一种油罐清洗方法，主要解决现有的油罐清理方法人员安全没有保障、油品回收率低、破坏油品质量、清洗周期长、成本高及对环境造成二次污染等问题。
本发明的技术方案是：一种油罐清洗方法，其特殊之处在于在全封闭情况下包括如下工艺步骤；
a原油移送，将罐内残留的原油移送到临近罐；
b惰性气体注入，向罐内注入惰性气体并随时监测，将罐内含氧量控制在8%以下；
c同种油清洗，用同种油清洗罐底的油泥，可以击碎、溶解罐内的油泥，并通过循环搅拌，将油泥中的有效成分最大限度回收；
d温水清洗，用温水清洗罐壁及罐底，并通过循环及油水分离装置不断分离、回收油份，直到干净为止；
e罐内通风，给罐内通风，直到气体检测合格为止；
f罐内清渣，清理罐内残渣。
其中，e步骤所述的气体检测合格为气体中氧气浓度大于20%，H2S浓度小于10ppm，可燃气体浓度低于爆炸下限的2%。
其中，e步骤所述的气体检测合格为气体中氧气浓度大于20%，H2S浓度小于10ppm，可燃气体浓度低于爆炸下限的2%。
本发明所述的一种油罐清洗方法与已有技术相比具有突出的实质性特点和显著进步，1、各设备之间用管道全封闭连接，实现全封闭、物理化清洗，清洗过程中无废水、废气排放，不会对环境造成二次污染，在清洗过程中将罐内的含氧量控制在8%以下，确保清洗过程安全；2、罐内残油的回收率达95%以上，清洗后罐内达到动火标准。
具体实施方式：
为了更好地理解与实施，下面结合实施例详细说明本发明。
实施例1，对5万立方的原油罐进行清洗为例，先将罐内残留的原油移送到临近罐，然后向罐内注入惰性气体并随时监测，将罐内含氧量控制在8%以下；再用同种油清洗罐底的油泥，可以击碎、溶解罐内的油泥，并通过循环搅拌，将油泥中的有效成分最大限度回收；然后用温水清洗罐壁及罐底，并通过循环及油水分离装置不断分离、回收油份，直到干净为止；再通过自然或强制方式给罐内通风，直到气体检测合格为止（气体中氧气浓度大于20%，H2S浓度小于10ppm，可燃气体浓度低于爆炸下限的2%）；最后清理罐内残渣。
上述实施例原油回收率高达98%，清洗后罐内达到动火标准，可直接进行维检修。
上述实施例原油回收率高达98%，清洗后罐内达到动火标准，可直接进行维检修。
实施例2，对10万立方的原油罐进行清洗为例，先将罐内残留的原油移送到临近罐，然后向罐内注入惰性气体并随时监测，将罐内含氧量控制在8%以下；再用同种油清洗罐底的油泥，可以击碎、溶解罐内的油泥，并通过循环搅拌，将油泥中的有效成分最大限度回收；然后用温水清洗罐壁及罐底，并通过循环及油水分离装置不断分离、回收油份，直到干净为止；再通过自然或强制方式给罐内通风，直到气体检测合格为止，（气体中氧气浓度大于20%，H2S浓度小于10ppm，可燃气体浓度低于爆炸下限的2%）；最后清理罐内残渣。
上述实施例原油回收率高达98%，清洗后罐内达到动火标准，可直接进行维检修；在清洗过程中无油污洒落，无二次污染。清洗周期大大缩短，10万立方的原油罐清洗时间不超过一个月。
Claims (2)
1.一种油罐清洗方法，其特征在于在全封闭情况下包括如下工艺步骤：
a原油移送，将罐内残留的原油移送到临近罐；
b惰性气体注入，向罐内注入惰性气体并随时监测，将罐内含氧量控制在8%以下；
c同种油清洗，用同种油清洗罐底的油泥，击碎、溶解罐内的油泥，并通过循环搅拌，将油泥中的有效成分最大限度回收；
d温水清洗，用温水清洗罐壁及罐底，并通过循环及油水分离装置不断分离、回收油份，直到干净为止；
e罐内通风，给罐内通风，直到气体检测合格为止；
f罐内清渣，清理罐内残渣。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种油罐清洗方法，其特征在于e步骤所述的气体检测合格为气体中氧气浓度大于20%，H2S浓度小于10ppm，可燃气体浓度低于爆炸下限的2%。
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