CN102808160B - 壳体及其制备方法 - Google Patents

壳体及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN102808160B
CN102808160B CN201110147463.7A CN201110147463A CN102808160B CN 102808160 B CN102808160 B CN 102808160B CN 201110147463 A CN201110147463 A CN 201110147463A CN 102808160 B CN102808160 B CN 102808160B
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CN102808160A (zh
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曹达华
刘旭
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Shenzhen Futaihong Precision Industry Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/0021Reactive sputtering or evaporation
    • C23C14/0036Reactive sputtering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0605Carbon
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/2651 mil or less
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678Of metal

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Abstract

本发明提供一种壳体,包括基材及形成于基材表面的类金刚石层,该类金刚石层中碳-碳以sp3杂化键的方式键合的比例为80%以上。本发明所述类金刚石层光亮致密,具有良好的外观装饰效果且其耐刮伤、抗磨损及耐腐蚀性能优异。本发明还提供一种上述壳体的制备方法。

Description

壳体及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种壳体及其制备方法。
背景技术
类金刚石(Diamond-like Carbon,DLC)膜是一种非晶碳膜,碳原子主要以金刚石相(碳的键结形式为sp3)和石墨相(碳的键结形式为sp2)存在。当金刚石相多于石墨相时,DLC膜具有优异的耐磨性、高硬度及耐腐蚀性能,可被广泛应用于刀具及模具等领域。然而,目前应用在刀具及模具领域的DLC膜多采用多弧离子镀或者化学气相沉积(Chemical Vapor Deposition,CVD)方法形成,采用该类方法制得的DLC膜层表面往往不够光滑致密;且化学气相沉积工艺需采用600~1000℃的沉积温度,容易造成基材性能的改变及尺寸的变形,限制了其进一步应用。
发明内容
有鉴于此,提供一种具有光滑致密的DLC膜的壳体。
另外,还提供一种具有光滑致密的DLC膜的壳体的制备方法。
一种壳体,包括基材及形成于基材表面的类金刚石层,该类金刚石层中碳-碳以sp3杂化键的方式键合的比例为80%以上。
一种壳体的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
提供基材;
采用离子束辅助磁控溅射法在该基材的表面形成类金刚石层,使用石墨靶,以甲烷为离子源反应气体,该类金刚石层中的碳-碳以sp3杂化键的方式键合的比例为80%以上,形成所述类金刚石层的步骤的具体工艺参数为:镀膜温度为150~200℃;以氩气为溅射气体,氩气的流量为120~150sccm,石墨靶的功率为15~18kw,施加于基材的偏压为150~200V,甲烷的流量为50~60sccm,离子源包括低能离子源及中能离子源,低能离子束流为60~80mA,中能离子束流为10~20mA;沉积时间为420~480min。
本发明所述DLC层光亮致密,具有良好的外观装饰效果且其耐刮伤、抗磨损性能及耐腐蚀效果优异,可有效改善壳体的外观效果并延长壳体的使用寿命。本发明所述壳体的制备方法在形成DLC层时,采用离子束辅助磁控溅射技术,并通过选取石墨靶和离子源反应气体甲烷作为两种不同的碳源,从而在基材上制备获得稳定的DLC层。所述制备方法可采用较低的镀膜温度,工艺简单且绿色环保。
附图说明
图1为本发明一较佳实施例壳体的剖视图;
图2为本发明一较佳实施例真空镀膜机的俯视示意图。
主要元件符号说明
壳体        10
基材        11
DLC层       13
真空镀膜机  20
镀膜室      21
石墨靶      23
离子源      24
中能离子源  241
低能离子源  243
轨迹        25
气源通道    26
真空泵      30
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1,本发明一较佳实施方式的壳体10包括基材11及形成于基材11上的类金刚石(DLC)层13。所述壳体10可为3C产品的外壳。
该基材11的材质可为不锈钢、铝合金或钛合金,但不限于上述三种材质。
该DLC层13的厚度为2.2~2.8μm。该DLC层13中碳-碳以sp3杂化键的方式键合的比例为80%以上,使得该DLC层13光亮致密,具有良好的外观装饰效果、优异的耐刮伤、抗磨损及耐腐蚀效果。该DLC层13还存在少量的碳-氢键。
所述壳体10的制备方法包括如下步骤:
提供基材11,该基材11的材质为不锈钢、铝合金或钛合金,但不限于该三种材质。
对基材11的表面进行预处理。所述预处理可包括除油、除蜡、去离子水喷淋及烘干等步骤。
结合参阅图2,提供一真空镀膜机20,该真空镀膜机20包括一镀膜室21及连接于镀膜室21的一真空泵30,真空泵30用以对镀膜室21抽真空。该镀膜室21内设有转架(未图示)、相对设置的二石墨靶23(纯度为99.99%)、离子源24和若干气源通道26。转架带动基材11沿一圆形的轨迹25公转,且基材11在沿轨迹25公转时亦自转。离子源24包括一中能离子源241(离子能量为10~30KeV)和一低能离子源243(离子能量为100~750eV)。镀膜时,反应气体通入离子源24后将被离化,并通过离子源通道(未图示)进入到镀膜室21中。每一石墨靶23的两端均设有气源通道26,镀膜时,溅射气体经由该气源通道26进入所述镀膜室21。
采用离子束辅助磁控溅射法在经上述表面处理的基材11的表面形成DLC层13。将基材11固定于镀膜室21中的转架上,抽真空使该镀膜室21的本底真空度为6.0×10-3Pa,加热该镀膜室21至温度为150~200℃;向镀膜室21内通入溅射气体氩气,氩气的流量为120~150sccm,开启并设定石墨靶23的功率为15~18kw,设定施加于基材11的偏压为-150~-200V;向离子源24内通入反应气体甲烷,甲烷的流量为50~60sccm,开启低能和中能离子源,设定低能离子束流为60~80mA,设定中能离子束流为10~20mA;沉积所述DLC层13的时间为420~480min。所述DLC层13的厚度为2.2~2.8μm。低能离子源可提高甲烷气体的离化率,中能离子源可提高甲烷气体的轰击速度。
沉积过程中,氩气在镀膜室21内所形成的电磁场的作用下发生辉光放电,被离化成氩气等离子并轰击所述石墨靶23,石墨靶23中的碳原子被轰击出来沉积于基材11的表面;同时,离子源24中释放出的被离化的碳原子轰击基材11的表面,轰击的同时部分碳原子将沉积于所述基材11的表面,这两种不同来源的碳将主要以sp3杂化键的方式键合,且sp3杂化键占据80%以上,从而形成所述DLC层13。由于离子源24还将释放出离化的氢原子,因此该DLC层13还存在少量的碳-氢键。所述DLC层13光亮致密,具有良好的外观装饰效果、优异的耐刮伤、抗磨损及耐腐蚀效果。
下面通过实施例来对本发明进行具体说明。
实施例1
本实施例所使用的真空镀膜机20为中频磁控溅射镀膜机。
本实施例所使用的基材11的材质为不锈钢。
沉积DLC层:加热镀膜室21使基材11的温度为180~200℃,溅射气体氩气的流量为140sccm,石墨靶23的功率为15kw,施加于基材11的偏压为-150V,反应气体甲烷的流量为50sccm,低能离子束流为60mA,中能离子束流为10mA,沉积时间为480min。
实施例2
本实施例所使用的真空镀膜机20为中频磁控溅射镀膜机。
本实施例所使用的基材11的材质为不锈钢。
沉积DLC层:加热镀膜室21使基材11的温度为180~200℃,溅射气体氩气的流量为150sccm,石墨靶23的功率为17kw,施加于基材11的偏压为-150V,反应气体甲烷的流量为60sccm,低能离子束流为80mA,中能离子束流为15mA,沉积时间为420min。
性能测试:
1.耐磨性能测试
使用德国Rosler牌振动耐磨试验机(型号:Trough vibratorR180/530TE-30)对实施例1和2所制得的壳体10进行研磨测试,测试结果为:壳体10经过4h的研磨,DLC层13未出现脱落。测试结果说明实施例1和2所制得的壳体10具有良好的耐磨性。
2.维氏硬度测试
测试仪器为维氏硬度计。测试结果为:实施例1和2所制得的壳体10维氏硬度分别为469HV和500HV。
3.铅笔硬度测试:
使用铅笔硬度测试仪器,负载力为5N,测试标准参照ASTMD3363-00。测试结果为:实施例1和2所制得的壳体10的铅笔硬度均≧6H。
4.盐雾测试:
使用盐雾测试仪(型号:TMJ9701),使用浓度为5%的氯化钠,pH值为7,测试结果为:经测试144小时后,实施例1和2所制得的壳体10用水清洗后外观良好,未见腐蚀。
本发明所述DLC层13具有良好的外观装饰效果且其耐刮伤、抗磨损性能及耐腐蚀效果优异,可有效改善壳体10的外观效果并延长壳体10的使用寿命。本发明所述壳体10的制备方法在形成DLC层13时,采用离子束辅助磁控溅射技术,并通过选取石墨靶23和离子源反应气体甲烷作为两种不同的碳源,以及其他制备工艺参数的整体配合,从而在基材11上制备获得光亮致密的DLC层13。所述制备方法采用较低的镀膜温度,工艺简单且绿色环保。

Claims (4)

1.一种壳体的制备方法,其包括如下步骤: 
提供基材; 
采用离子束辅助磁控溅射法在该基材的表面形成类金刚石层,使用石墨靶,以甲烷为离子源反应气体,该类金刚石层中的碳-碳以sp3杂化键的方式键合的比例为80%以上,形成所述类金刚石层的步骤的具体工艺参数为:镀膜温度为150~200℃;以氩气为溅射气体,氩气的流量为120~150sccm,石墨靶的功率为15~18kW,施加于基材的偏压为150~200V,甲烷的流量为50~60sccm,离子源包括低能离子源及中能离子源,低能离子束流为60~80mA,中能离子束流为10~20mA;沉积时间为420~480min。 
2.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制备方法,其特征在于:所述基材的材质为不锈钢、铝合金或钛合金。 
3.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制备方法,其特征在于:所述类金刚石层的厚度为2.3~2.8μm。 
4.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制备方法,其特征在于:该类金刚石层中含有碳-氢键。 
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