CN102790254A - Porous micro-strip directional coupler with staggered coupling holes - Google Patents
Porous micro-strip directional coupler with staggered coupling holes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102790254A CN102790254A CN2012102826093A CN201210282609A CN102790254A CN 102790254 A CN102790254 A CN 102790254A CN 2012102826093 A CN2012102826093 A CN 2012102826093A CN 201210282609 A CN201210282609 A CN 201210282609A CN 102790254 A CN102790254 A CN 102790254A
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- little band
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Abstract
The invention discloses a porous micro-strip directional coupler with staggered coupling holes, and the porous micro-strip directional coupler comprises a main micro strip, an auxiliary micro strip and the coupling holes; the main micro strip and the auxiliary micro strip are mutually isolated through a grounding surface between the main and the auxiliary micro strip, the main micro strip is communicated with the auxiliary micro strip through at least three coupling holes which are arranged on the grounding surface, and the projection shape of the coupling holes in the overlook direction is a circular shape or a polygonal shape; and every two adjacent coupling holes along the axis direction of the main micro strip are respectively distributed at the left side and the right side of the axis of the main micro strip in a staggered way. The porous micro-strip directional coupler has advantages of compactness in structure, simpleness in machining, ultra-wide working bandwidth, large power capacity and low insertion loss. Especially in the waveband of millimeter waves, compared with an ordinary porous directional coupler, the porous micro-strip directional coupler has salient strength on the aspect of low insertion loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to multi-hole directional coupler, specifically, relate to the porous microstrip directional coupler that a kind of coupling aperture that utilizes a plurality of holes to be coupled is interspersed.
Background technology
Directional coupler is widely used a kind of microwave device in the microwave system, and its main effect is that microwave signal is carried out power division according to a certain percentage; Directional coupler is made up of two transmission lines, and coaxial line, rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide, strip line and microstrip line etc. all can constitute directional coupler; So of a great variety from the structure directional coupler, widely different, but mainly be divided into four kinds from their coupling mechanism, i.e. aperture coupling, parallel coupling, branch's coupling and coupling double T.
Before early 1950s, nearly all microwave equipment all adopts metal waveguide and waveguide circuit, and directional coupler at that time is also mostly to be waveguide aperture coupling directional coupler; Its theoretical foundation is a Bethe aperture coupled wave theory, and people such as Cohn and Levy have also done a lot of contributions.
Development along with the aerospace technology; Require microwave circuit and system to accomplish miniaturization, lightweight and dependable performance; So strip line and microstrip line have occurred; Because microwave integrated transmission-lines such as fin line, the line of rabbet joint, co-planar waveguide and coplanar stripline have appearred again in the needs of microwave circuit and system in succession, various transmission line directional couplers have so just appearred subsequently.
The tradition single-hole directional coupler has some advantage: as simple in structure, parameter is few, design is got up more convenient; But it also exists some shortcomings: poor like narrow bandwidth, directivity, only work is suitable at the design frequency place, departs from out this frequency, and directivity will reduce.
Though the tradition multi-hole directional coupler can be accomplished that very wide bandwidth, directivity also have very and improve; But also exist some shortcomings; Big like volume, requirement on machining accuracy is high, it is high to insert loss, particularly at the millimeter wave terahertz wave band, too high Insertion Loss makes this device lose use value; This just encourages us to remove to design a kind of novel porous directional coupler that can overcome these shortcomings.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome some shortcomings of traditional directional coupler, a kind of compact is provided, has inserted the porous microstrip directional coupler that the low coupling aperture of loss is interspersed.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following: the porous microstrip directional coupler that coupling aperture is interspersed comprises the parallel to each other and little band of master mutual isolation of axis and secondary little band and as the coupling aperture of coupling channel; The structure of main little band and secondary little band is consistent, and wherein main little band and secondary little band all are made up of dielectric layer printing upper conductor band; Main little band and secondary little band are isolated through ground plane each other, and main little band is communicated with secondary little band through at least 3 coupling apertures, coupling aperture be arranged on the ground plane between the little band of master and the secondary little band and with the little band of master and secondary little band conducting; Coupling aperture is circle or rectangle or triangle in its projection of shape of overlooking on the direction; Said coupling aperture is arranged along the axis direction of main little band, is interspersed successively in the left side and the right side of main little zone axis along the adjacent coupling aperture of main little zone axis direction; Along on main little zone axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of main little band 20% ~ 30% between.
Coupling aperture is circle in its projection of shape of overlooking on the direction.
Coupling aperture is a triangle in its projection of shape of overlooking on the direction.
Coupling aperture is a rectangle in its projection of shape of overlooking on the direction.
Added in the said coupling aperture another axis and coupling aperture parallel axes and with the vertical cylindrical metal body of main little zone axis, the inwall connection of this cylindrical metal body one end and corresponding coupling aperture, the cross section of this cylindrical metal body be shaped as polygon; The all or part of inside that is positioned at main little band of said cylindrical metal body.
The one or both ends of the little band of said master or secondary little band also are connected with crooked little band.
Said master little band Huo and secondary little band are connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
Single-hole directional coupler has narrow relatively bandwidth on directivity, so people have expected a series of coupling apertures of design, this a series of coupling aperture is formed an array, and several arrays can also stack up, and come the comprehensive degree of coupling and directional responses thus.Utilize the directivity of aperture and the directivity of array to superpose, just can obtain better directivity, and this extra degree of freedom can also improve bandwidth in coupled end.Therefore, in order to increase the coupling performance of coupling aperture, we arrange coupling aperture along the axis of main little band, simultaneously in order to increase the bore of coupling aperture, the left side and the right side that are distributed in main little zone axis that we are staggered successively with adjacent coupling aperture.
After coupling aperture is staggered; Under the condition that satisfies the coupling reinforcement; Be adjacent two coupling apertures the hole in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency that should be arranged on main little band 20% ~ 30% between; Can increase the bore of coupling aperture, so can further add close coupling again, thereby further improve the directivity of this rectangular waveguide directional coupler.
Simultaneously, preferentially selecting cross section is that rectangle column metallic object is arranged in the coupling aperture, and the position of cylindrical metal body in coupling aperture is unrestricted, can be provided with according to the actual requirements.
For the volume that makes its whole coupler reduces, we pay the utmost attention to the axis of main little band and the parallel axes setting of secondary little band.
Coupling aperture is unrestricted in its projection of shape of overlooking direction, and when considering cost of manufacture, we pay the utmost attention to circle or the triangle or the quadrangle of the simple and easy batch process of ability.
When increasing the cylindrical metal body, said coupling aperture is in-line or Y font or cross and other starlike more than 4 branches in the projection of shape of overlooking direction.
Based on said structure; The present invention compared to its improvement of multi-hole directional coupler in the past is: traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling aperture on the ground plane between main little band and the secondary little band, and with the conductor belt of main little band and the conductor belt conducting of secondary little band.Can increase its directivity like this.
Owing to there are a plurality of coupling apertures; Its a plurality of coupling apertures can make and reach the effect that coupling is strengthened between little band; Simultaneously in order to make the aperture of coupling aperture strengthen; The further improvement of the present invention is: coupling aperture is arranged along the axis of main little band, is interspersed successively in the left side and the right side of main little zone axis along the adjacent coupling aperture of main little zone axis direction; Along on main little zone axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of main little band 20% ~ 30% between.After adjacent coupling aperture is interspersed; In unit are; Because we adopt the both sides of the staggered little band of master that coupling aperture is arranged, so certainly will be under the condition of identical hole count, we just can increase the bore of coupling aperture; The reinforcement that so can further be coupled again, thus the degree of coupling and the directivity of this porous microstrip directional coupler further improved.
What general microstrip directional coupler adopted all is parallel coupling principle, is the aperture coupling principle and the present invention adopts, and whole microstrip directional coupler all is sealed within the screening cover, can further improve the directivity of this directional coupler like this.
The operation principle of multi-hole directional coupler can be narrated as follows:
Because the waveguide inwall can be similar to and regard the ideal conducting plane as.According to the boundary condition of alternating electromagnetic field, ideal conducting plane E has only and the perpendicular component in surface, does not have tangential component; Magnetic field H has only the component tangent with the surface, does not have normal component.The vertical major-minor of main waveguide internal electric field is little is with public broadside, reaches that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads still perpendicular to the public broadside of major-minor waveguide through aperture, and its power line forms an elbow.Magnetic field (magnetic line of force) is the closed curve of parallel main Guide of Wide Wall, pierces into the full curve that passes secondary little band so the magnetic field of main waveguide (magnetic line of force) forms one group at the aperture place.
Get into that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads through aperture and lead the coupling aperture both sides electric field E vertically downward that is coupled out at complementary wave
'The electric field E of alternation
'Inspire the magnetic field H of inducting
'(direction is determined by S=E*H).Electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms the electromagnetic wave of exporting to coupled end and isolation end respectively.
The coupling aperture both sides level of being coupled out magnetic field H is to the right led at complementary wave in that a part of magnetic field through aperture entering complementary wave is led
'Alternating magnetic fields H
'Inspire the electric field E that inducts
'Electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms the electromagnetic wave of exporting to coupled end and isolation end respectively.
The aperture coupling is above-mentioned electric coupling and magnetic-coupled stack.The electromagnetic wave that forms two kinds of couplings merges, and we can find out that the electromagnetic wave that transmits toward the coupled end direction superposes in the same way, form coupling output; Electromagnetic wave toward the transmission of isolation end direction oppositely superposes, and the formation of cancelling out each other isolation end is so be not have coupling output in principle.But because aperture is electric, magnetic-coupled asymmetry, both superpose and have produced directivity.
Multi-hole directional coupler utilizes a series of coupling apertures to form an array exactly, and several arrays can also stack up, and come the comprehensive degree of coupling and directional responses thus.Utilize the directivity of aperture and the directivity of array to superpose, just can obtain better directivity, and this extra degree of freedom can also improve bandwidth in coupled end.
The invention has the advantages that compact conformation, processing are simple, big, the ultra wide bandwidth of operation of power capacity, to insert loss low.Compact multi-hole directional coupler of the present invention is expected to be widely used in the electronic system of each microwave band, particularly military affairs and civil areas such as radar, missile guidance, communication.
Description of drawings
The stereogram of Fig. 1 during for the parallel axes of the axis of main little band among the present invention and secondary little band.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 3 is the A-A profile of the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the invention two.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the invention three.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the invention four.
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the invention five.
Label among the figure is expressed as respectively: 1, lead little band; 2, secondary little band; 3, coupling aperture; 4, cylindrical metal body; 5, crooked little band; 6, conductor belt; 7, ground plane.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done to specify further, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Porous microstrip directional coupler as shown in Figure 1, that coupling aperture is interspersed comprises as the master of microwave main channel little with 1 and secondary little with 2 and as the coupling aperture 3 of coupling channel as the sampled signal passage; Main little with 1 consistent with secondary little structure with 2, wherein mainly littlely all print upper conductor band 6 with 2 and constitute with pair is little by dielectric layer with 1; Main littlely be with 1 to be with 2 to isolate each other with secondary little; Coupling aperture 3 main little with 1 and secondary little ground plane 7 between with 2 on and littlely be with 1 to be with 2 conductings
with main with secondary little.Wherein, the number of coupling aperture 3 is 3; Coupling aperture 3 is circle in its projection of shape of overlooking direction, and main little axis with 1 is parallel to each other with secondary little axis with 2.Coupling aperture 3 is arranged along main little axis with 1, is interspersed successively in main little left side and right side with 1 axis with the adjacent coupling aperture of 1 axis direction along the master is little; Along main little being with on 1 axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures 3 in the heart apart from main little guide wavelength with 1 central task frequency 22% ~ 28% between.
Its improvement of multi-hole directional coupler compared in the past is: 1, traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling aperture on the ground plane between main little band and the secondary little band, and with the conductor belt of main little band and the conductor belt conducting of secondary little band; 2, the left side and the right side that are distributed in main little zone axis that adjacent coupling aperture are interlocked successively.After adjacent coupling aperture was interspersed, we just can increase the bore of coupling aperture.Can increase its directivity like this.
Coupling aperture is arranged along the axis direction of main little band, is interspersed successively in the left side and the right side of main little zone axis along the adjacent coupling aperture of main little zone axis direction; Along on main little zone axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of main little band 20% ~ 30% between.After adjacent coupling aperture is interspersed; In unit are; Because we adopt the both sides that alternately coupling aperture are arranged in main little band, so certainly will be under the condition of identical hole count, we just can increase the bore of coupling aperture; So close coupling be can add further again, thereby the degree of coupling and the directivity of this square porous microstrip directional coupler further improved.
Embodiment one
Like Fig. 2, shown in 3, present embodiment comprises being provided with main littlely is with 1 to be with 2 with secondary little, mainly littlely is with 1 to be the microwave main channel, secondary littlely is with 2 to be the sampled signal passage; Main littlely be with 1 to be with 2 to isolate each other, mainly littlely be with 1 to be with 2 to be communicated with through 5 coupling apertures 3 with secondary little with secondary little; The projection section of 5 coupling apertures 3 main little with 1 conductor belt with secondary little with 2 conductor belt beyond.The axis of said coupling aperture 3 is with main little with 1 axis normal, its cross section be shaped as irregular polygon; Coupling aperture 3 is positioned at the both sides of main little band, and along main little being with on 1 axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures is in the heart apart between main little guide wavelength 22% ~ 28% with 1 central task frequency.All added in each coupling aperture 3 another axis and coupling aperture 3 parallel axes and with main little cylindrical metal body 4 with 1 axis normal, the cross section of this cylindrical metal body 4 be shaped as rectangle.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 4, be main littlely be communicated with and secondary little two ends with 2 also are connected with and crookedly littlely are with 5 through 4 coupling apertures 3 with 2 with secondary little with embodiment one different place with 1, also be connected with the matching structure with extraneous coupling at the little other end of bending with 5.Can make things convenient for being connected of directional coupler and extraneous device like this, thereby it is better to obtain directivity, the guide directional coupler that bandwidth is wideer.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 5, be that 5 coupling apertures 3 are interspersed main little with 1 both sides with embodiment one different place, the cross section of coupling aperture 3 be an ellipse, and does not all add column metallic object 4 in the coupling aperture 3.
Embodiment four
As shown in Figure 6, be that the cross section of coupling aperture 3 is a rectangle with embodiment three different places, and be provided with the cylindrical metal body 4 that shape of cross section is a rectangle in the coupling aperture 3.
Embodiment five
As shown in Figure 7, the cross section of different with embodiment three is coupling aperture 3 is a triangle.
Just can realize the present invention preferably as stated.
Claims (7)
1. the porous microstrip directional coupler that is interspersed of coupling aperture is characterized in that: comprise the parallel to each other and little band of master mutual isolation (1) of axis and secondary little band (2) and as the coupling aperture (3) of coupling channel; Main little band (1) is consistent with the structure of secondary little band (2), and wherein main little band (1) and secondary little band (2) all are made up of dielectric layer printing upper conductor band (6); Main little band (1) and secondary little band (2) are isolated through the ground plane (7) between them each other; Main little band (1) is communicated with secondary little band (2) through at least 3 coupling apertures (3), coupling aperture (3) be arranged between main little band (1) and the secondary little band (2) ground plane (7) upward and with master's little band (1) and secondary little band (2) conducting; Said coupling aperture (3) is arranged along the axis direction of main little band (1), is interspersed successively in the left side and the right side of main little band (1) axis along the adjacent coupling aperture (3) of main little band (1) axis direction; Along on main little band (1) axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures (3) in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of main little band (1) 20% ~ 30% between.
2. the porous microstrip directional coupler that coupling aperture according to claim 1 is interspersed is characterized in that: coupling aperture (3) is circle in its projection of shape of overlooking on the direction.
3. the porous microstrip directional coupler that coupling aperture according to claim 1 is interspersed is characterized in that: coupling aperture (3) is a triangle in its projection of shape of overlooking on the direction.
4. the porous microstrip directional coupler that coupling aperture according to claim 1 is interspersed is characterized in that: coupling aperture (3) is a rectangle in its projection of shape of overlooking on the direction.
5. the porous microstrip directional coupler that coupling aperture according to claim 1 is interspersed; It is characterized in that: added in the said coupling aperture (3) another axis and coupling aperture (3) parallel axes and with the cylindrical metal body (4) of main little band (1) axis normal; These cylindrical metal body (4) one ends connect with the inwall of corresponding coupling aperture (3), the cross section of this cylindrical metal body (4) be shaped as polygon; The all or part of inside that is positioned at main little band (1) of said cylindrical metal body (4).
6. the porous microstrip directional coupler that is interspersed according to any described coupling aperture among the claim 1-5 is characterized in that: the one or both ends of the little band of said master (1) or secondary little band (2) also are connected with crooked little band (5).
7. the porous microstrip directional coupler that is interspersed according to any described coupling aperture among the claim 1-5 is characterized in that: the little band of said master (1) Huo and secondary little band (2) are connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012102826093A CN102790254A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Porous micro-strip directional coupler with staggered coupling holes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012102826093A CN102790254A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Porous micro-strip directional coupler with staggered coupling holes |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107134627A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-05 | 中北大学 | Many diamond hole coupled mode guide directional couplers |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1192001A1 (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1985-11-15 | Ростовский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Государственный Университет Им.М.А.Суслова | Microstrip directional coupler |
| JPH04321302A (en) * | 1991-04-20 | 1992-11-11 | Nec Corp | Microstrip circuit |
| JP2010258659A (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-11-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Directional coupler |
| CN202678491U (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2013-01-16 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Multi-hole microtrip directional coupler with coupling holes distributed in staggered manner |
-
2012
- 2012-08-10 CN CN2012102826093A patent/CN102790254A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1192001A1 (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1985-11-15 | Ростовский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Государственный Университет Им.М.А.Суслова | Microstrip directional coupler |
| JPH04321302A (en) * | 1991-04-20 | 1992-11-11 | Nec Corp | Microstrip circuit |
| JP2010258659A (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2010-11-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Directional coupler |
| CN202678491U (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2013-01-16 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Multi-hole microtrip directional coupler with coupling holes distributed in staggered manner |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107134627A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-05 | 中北大学 | Many diamond hole coupled mode guide directional couplers |
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Application publication date: 20121121 |