CN202737080U - Porous ridge waveguide directional coupler located at one side of main ridge waveguide - Google Patents
Porous ridge waveguide directional coupler located at one side of main ridge waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN202737080U CN202737080U CN 201220394191 CN201220394191U CN202737080U CN 202737080 U CN202737080 U CN 202737080U CN 201220394191 CN201220394191 CN 201220394191 CN 201220394191 U CN201220394191 U CN 201220394191U CN 202737080 U CN202737080 U CN 202737080U
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- ridge waveguide
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a porous rectangular waveguide directional coupler located at one side of a main ridge waveguide, comprising a main ridge waveguide, an auxiliary ridge waveguide and coupling holes, wherein the main ridge waveguide and the auxiliary ridge waveguide are mutually isolated, and the main ridge waveguide is communicated with the auxiliary ridge waveguide through at least 3 coupling holes; the at least one coupling hole comprises a hollow coupling tube attached to the side wall of the main ridge waveguide and/or the side wall of the auxiliary ridge waveguide, the side wall, near the main ridge waveguide, of the hollow coupling tube is connected with a coupling cavity with openings at three ends, the coupling cavity is communicated with the hollow coupling tube, and the coupling cavity is located between the main ridge waveguide and the auxiliary ridge waveguide and is communicated with the main ridge waveguide and the auxiliary ridge waveguide; and the coupling holes are arranged along the axial direction of the main ridge waveguide, and the adjacent coupling holes along the axial direction of the main ridge waveguide are located at one side of the axis of the main ridge waveguide. The porous rectangular waveguide directional coupler has the advantages of compact structure, broad working bandwidth, simple machining, great power capacity and low insertion loss.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to multi-hole directional coupler, specifically, relates to a kind of porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that is positioned at backbone waveguide one side that utilizes a plurality of holes to be coupled.
Background technology
Directional coupler is widely used a kind of microwave device in the microwave system, and its Main Function is that microwave signal is carried out power division according to a certain percentage; Directional coupler is made of two transmission lines, and coaxial line, rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide, strip line and microstrip line etc. all can consist of directional coupler; So of a great variety from the structure directional coupler, widely different, but mainly be divided into four kinds from their coupling mechanism, i.e. aperture coupling, parallel coupling, branch's coupling and coupling double T.
Before early 1950s, nearly all microwave equipment all adopts metal waveguide and waveguide circuit, and directional coupler at that time also mostly is the Waveguide Hole coupling directional coupler; Its theoretical foundation is the Bethe slot-coupling theory, and the people such as Cohn and Levy have also done a lot of contributions.
Development along with the aerospace technology, require microwave circuit and system to accomplish miniaturization, lightweight and dependable performance, so strip line and microstrip line have occurred, because the microwave integrated transmission-lines such as fin line, the line of rabbet joint, co-planar waveguide and coplanar stripline have appearred again in the needs of microwave circuit and system in succession, various transmission line directional couplers have so just appearred subsequently.
The tradition single-hole directional coupler has some advantage: as simple in structure, parameter is few, design is got up more convenient; But it also exists some shortcomings: poor such as narrow bandwidth, directivity, only suitable in the work of design frequency place, drift out this frequency, and directivity will reduce.
Although the tradition multi-hole directional coupler can be accomplished that very wide bandwidth, directivity also have very and improve, but also exist some shortcomings, large such as volume, requirement on machining accuracy is high, insertion loss is high, particularly at the millimeter wave terahertz wave band, too high Insertion Loss makes this device lose use value; This just encourages us to remove to design a kind of novel porous directional coupler that can overcome these shortcomings.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome some shortcomings of traditional directional coupler, provides that a kind of compact, insertion loss are low, the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that is positioned at backbone waveguide one side in broadband.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows: be positioned at the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler of backbone waveguide one side, comprise backbone waveguide that axis is parallel to each other and secondary ridge waveguide and as the coupling aperture of coupling channel; The structure of backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide is consistent, wherein backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide all be by upper wall or and the lower wall rectangular waveguide that loads the conductor ridge consist of; Backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide are isolated mutually; The backbone waveguide is communicated with secondary ridge waveguide by at least 3 coupling apertures, at least 1 coupling aperture comprise be attached to the backbone waveguide sidewalls or and the hollow tube coupling of secondary ridge waveguide sidewall, the hollow tube coupling is connected with the coupling cavity of three end openings near the sidewall of backbone waveguide, coupling cavity and the conducting of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity between backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide and with backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide conducting
Described coupling aperture is arranged along the axis of backbone waveguide, is positioned at a side of backbone waveguide axis along the adjacent coupling aperture of backbone waveguide axis direction; Along on the backbone waveguide axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 20% ~ 30% between.
The rectangular waveguide sidewall of hollow tube coupling and backbone waveguide or be connected the rectangular waveguide sidewall of ridge waveguide and be connected; Coupling cavity is between the rectangular waveguide sidewall of the rectangular waveguide of secondary ridge waveguide and backbone waveguide.
The transverse cross-sectional shape of hollow tube coupling is circle or polygon.
Added parallel with the axis of coupling aperture and vertical with the axis of the backbone waveguide cylindrical metal body of another axis in the described coupling aperture, this cylindrical metal body is only in the inwall connection of a direction with corresponding coupling aperture, the cross section of this cylindrical metal body be shaped as polygon.
The all or part of inside that is positioned at rectangular waveguide of described cylindrical metal body.
The axis of described backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide is parallel to each other.
Described rectangular waveguide one or both ends also are connected with curved waveguide.
Described rectangular waveguide is connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
Single-hole directional coupler has relatively narrow bandwidth in directivity, so people have expected a series of coupling apertures of design, this a series of coupling aperture forms an array, and several arrays can also stack up, and come thus the comprehensive degree of coupling and directional responses.Utilize the directivity of aperture and the directivity of array to superpose in coupled end, just can obtain better directivity, and this extra degree of freedom can also improve bandwidth.Therefore, in order to increase the coupling performance of coupling aperture, we arrange coupling aperture along the axis of backbone waveguide, simultaneously in order to increase the bore of coupling aperture, the left side or the right side that are distributed in backbone waveguide axis that we interlock adjacent coupling aperture successively.
After coupling aperture arranged along backbone waveguide one side, under the condition that satisfies the coupling reinforcement, be adjacent two coupling apertures the hole in the heart apart from should be arranged on the backbone waveguide the central task frequency guide wavelength 20% ~ 30% between, can increase the bore of coupling aperture, so can further add close coupling again, thereby further improve the directivity of this porous rectangular waveguide directional coupler.
Simultaneously, preferentially selecting cross section is that rectangle column metallic object is arranged in the coupling aperture, and the position of cylindrical metal body in coupling aperture is unrestricted, can arrange according to the actual requirements.
Angle between the axis of general backbone waveguide and the axis of secondary ridge waveguide is between 0 ° to 180 °.For the volume that makes its whole coupler reduces, we pay the utmost attention to the axis of backbone waveguide and the axis of secondary ridge waveguide be arranged in parallel.
Coupling aperture is unrestricted in its projection of shape of overlooking direction, and when considering cost of manufacture, we pay the utmost attention to circle or triangle or the quadrangle of the simple and easy batch production of energy.
When increasing the cylindrical metal body, described coupling aperture and cylindrical metal body body are Y-shaped or cross and other starlike more than 4 branches in the projection of shape of overlooking direction.
Because the position of the coupling aperture of traditional multi-hole directional coupler is arranged between backbone waveguide and the secondary ridge waveguide.And improvement of the present utility model is: 1, the position of traditional coupling aperture is adjusted, design accordingly and the coupling aperture of adjusting rear structure and being complementary, be that coupling aperture in the utility model is comprised of coupling cavity and hollow tube coupling, wherein during setting position, coupling cavity is arranged between backbone waveguide and the secondary ridge waveguide, in order to be communicated with backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide, owing to also being provided with the hollow tube coupling, can further strengthen coupling; 2, because the experiment discovery, when we select a plurality of coupling aperture, the adjacent coupled hole is better along the directivity of the axis arrangement of backbone waveguide, when being positioned at the same side simultaneously, satisfying under the adjusting that directivity requires, than both sides or arrange in a jumble, can also further dwindle the volume of whole directional coupler,, therefore when designing, preferentially arrange hollow tube coupling in the coupling aperture be attached to the backbone waveguide sidewalls or and secondary ridge waveguide sidewall.Further preferentially be set to: adjacent coupling aperture is positioned at a side of backbone waveguide.
When being coupled output according to the above-mentioned coupler of preferentially being arranged to, its course of work is: microwave is at first by the backbone waveguide, when locating in the structure Coupling hole, by coupling cavity microwave coupling is arrived secondary ridge waveguide, under the effect of hollow tube coupling, add close coupling, make its directivity grow, further because adjacent coupling aperture is positioned at a side of backbone waveguide; Therefore reinforcement can also further be coupled on the above-mentioned basis that adds close coupling.
Because the utility model adopts the design of a plurality of coupling apertures, has the effect that coupling is strengthened between coupling aperture and the coupling aperture, if the permutation and combination between coupling aperture and the coupling aperture can not reach suitable arranging, then can cause many unfavorable factors, weaken phenomenon such as coupling, we arrange to it and have done corresponding research for this reason, for the volume that reduces whole coupling and the effect that reaches the coupling reinforcement, the further improvement of the utility model is: coupling aperture is arranged along the axis of backbone waveguide, is positioned at a side of backbone waveguide axis along the adjacent coupling aperture of backbone waveguide axis direction; Along on the backbone waveguide axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 20% ~ 30% between.Be about to the side that adjacent coupling aperture is distributed in backbone waveguide axis successively, after adjacent coupling aperture distributes along backbone waveguide one side, reinforcement can further be coupled, thereby further improve the directivity that this is positioned at the porous rectangular waveguide directional coupler of backbone waveguide one side, the hole of the adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart influencing factor of distance is determined by input signal, in addition, because the coupling aperture in the utility model all is positioned at the same side of backbone waveguide, therefore be compared to other arrangement mode, its small volume, be arranged in both sides such as coupling aperture, compare with both sides, the design volume of an obvious side is less than the design volume of both sides.
The operation principle of multi-hole directional coupler can be described below:
Because the waveguide inwall can be similar to and regard the ideal conducting plane as.According to the boundary condition of alternating electromagnetic field, ideal conducting plane E only has the component perpendicular with the surface, does not have tangential component; Magnetic field H only has the component tangent with the surface, does not have normal component.The public broadside of the vertical major-minor ridge waveguide of main waveguide internal electric field reaches that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads still perpendicular to the public broadside of major-minor waveguide by aperture, and its power line forms an elbow.Magnetic field (magnetic line of force) is the closed curve of parallel main Guide of Wide Wall, pierces into the full curve that passes secondary ridge waveguide therefore the magnetic field of main waveguide (magnetic line of force) forms one group at the aperture place.
Entering that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads by aperture leads the coupling aperture both sides at complementary wave and is coupled out vertically downward electric field E
'The electric field E of alternation
'Inspire Induced magnetic field H
'(direction is determined by S=E*H).Electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms respectively the electromagnetic wave to coupled end and isolation end output.
Entering that a part of magnetic field that complementary wave leads by aperture leads the coupling aperture both sides at complementary wave and is coupled out level magnetic field H to the right
'The magnetic field H of alternation
'Inspire the electric field E that inducts
'Electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms respectively the electromagnetic wave to coupled end and isolation end output.
The aperture coupling is above-mentioned electric coupling and magnetic-coupled stack.The electromagnetic wave that two kinds of couplings are formed merges, and we can find out that the electromagnetic wave that transmits toward the coupled end direction superposes in the same way, form coupling output; Electromagnetic wave toward the transmission of isolation end direction oppositely superposes, and the formation of cancelling out each other isolation end is so be to export without coupling in principle.But because aperture is electric, magnetic-coupled asymmetry, both superpose and have produced directivity.
Multi-hole directional coupler utilizes a series of coupling apertures to form an array exactly, and several arrays can also stack up, and come thus the comprehensive degree of coupling and directional responses.Utilize the directivity of aperture and the directivity of array to superpose in coupled end, just can obtain better directivity, and this extra degree of freedom can also improve bandwidth.
The utility model has the advantage of compact conformation, processing is simple, power capacity is large, bandwidth of operation is wide, insertion loss is low, particularly at millimeter wave and terahertz wave band, compares with common multi-hole directional coupler, has outstanding advantage aspect filter with low insertion loss.Compact of the present utility model is positioned at the electronic system that backbone waveguide one side porous rectangular waveguide directional coupler is expected to be widely used in each microwave band and terahertz wave band.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereogram when the adjacent coupled hole is positioned at backbone waveguide one side in the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structural perspective of coupling aperture.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the utility model embodiment one.
Fig. 4 is the A-A profile of the utility model embodiment one.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the utility model embodiment two.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of the utility model embodiment three.
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of the utility model embodiment four.
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of the utility model embodiment five.
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of the utility model embodiment six.
Label among the figure is expressed as respectively: 1, backbone waveguide; 2, secondary ridge waveguide; 3, coupling aperture; 31, coupling cavity; 32, hollow tube coupling; 4, cylindrical metal body; 5, curved waveguide, 6, conductor ridge.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the utility model is described in further detail, but the utility model execution mode is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, be positioned at the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler of backbone waveguide one side, comprise as the backbone waveguide 1 of microwave main channel with as the secondary ridge waveguide 2 of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture 3 of coupling channel; Backbone waveguide 1 is consistent with the structure of secondary ridge waveguide 2, wherein backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 all be by upper wall or and the lower wall rectangular waveguide that loads conductor ridge 6 consist of; Backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 are isolated mutually; At least 1 coupling aperture 3 comprise be attached to backbone waveguide 1 sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling 32 of secondary ridge waveguide 2 sidewalls, hollow tube coupling 32 is connected with the coupling cavity 31 of three end openings near the sidewall of backbone waveguide 1, coupling cavity 31 and 32 conductings of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity 31 between backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 and with backbone waveguide 1 and 2 conductings of secondary ridge waveguide
Wherein, the number of coupling aperture 3 is 3; Coupling aperture 3 is circle in its projection of shape of overlooking direction, and the axis of the axis of backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 is parallel to each other.Coupling aperture 3 is arranged along the axis direction of backbone waveguide 1, is positioned at a side of backbone waveguide 1 axis along the adjacent coupling aperture of backbone waveguide 1 axis direction; Along on backbone waveguide 1 axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures 3 in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 1 23% ~ 27% between.
Because the utility model adopts the design of a plurality of coupling apertures, has the effect that coupling is strengthened between coupling aperture and the coupling aperture, if the permutation and combination between coupling aperture and the coupling aperture can not reach suitable arranging, then can cause many unfavorable factors, weaken phenomenon such as coupling, we arrange to it and have done corresponding research for this reason, for the volume that reduces whole coupling and the effect that reaches the coupling reinforcement, the further improvement of the utility model is: coupling aperture is arranged along the axis of backbone waveguide, is positioned at a side of backbone waveguide axis along the adjacent coupling aperture of backbone waveguide axis direction; Along on the backbone waveguide axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 23% ~ 27% between.That is, adjacent coupling aperture is distributed in successively a side of backbone waveguide axis.After adjacent coupling aperture distributes along backbone waveguide one side, reinforcement can further be coupled, thereby further improve the directivity that this is positioned at the porous rectangular waveguide directional coupler of backbone waveguide one side, the hole of the adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart influencing factor of distance is determined by the input microwave, in addition, because the coupling aperture in the utility model all is positioned at the same side of backbone waveguide, therefore be compared to other arrangement mode, its small volume, be arranged in both sides such as coupling aperture, compare with both sides, the design volume of an obvious side is less than the design volume of both sides.
Embodiment one
Such as Fig. 3, shown in 4, the present embodiment comprises and is provided with backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2, and backbone waveguide 1 is the microwave main channel, and secondary ridge waveguide 2 is the sampled signal passage; Backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 are isolated mutually, are communicated with by 5 coupling apertures 3; The part of 5 coupling apertures 3 is beyond backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2.The axis of described coupling aperture 3 is vertical with the axis of backbone waveguide 1, its cross section be shaped as irregular polygon; Adjacent coupled hole 3 is positioned at a side of backbone waveguide, along on backbone waveguide 1 axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures 3 in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 1 23% ~ 27% between, added parallel with the axis of coupling aperture 3 and vertical with the axis of the backbone waveguide 1 cylindrical metal body 4 of another axis in each coupling aperture 3, the cross section of this cylindrical metal body 4 be shaped as rectangle.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 5, the places different from embodiment one are to have 4 coupling apertures 3 to be positioned at the same side of backbone waveguide, the hole in adjacent coupled hole 3 in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 1 23% ~ 27% between, its coupling performance is better.4 of each cylindrical metal bodies connect with the inwall of corresponding coupling aperture 3 and are positioned on the different azimuth of coupling aperture 3 in a direction, and its particular location is decided by parameter optimizations such as directivity.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 6, the places different from embodiment one are, the two ends of secondary ridge waveguide 2 also are connected with curved waveguide 5, also are connected with matching structure with external world's coupling at the other end of curved waveguide 5.Can make things convenient for like this being connected of this directional coupler and extraneous device, thereby it is better to obtain directivity, the porous rectangular waveguide directional coupler that bandwidth is wider.
Embodiment four
As shown in Figure 7, the place different from embodiment one be the cross section of coupling aperture 3 for oval, and be provided with the cylindrical metal body 4 that shape of cross section is rectangle in the coupling aperture 3.
Embodiment five
As shown in Figure 8, the place different from embodiment four is that the cross section of coupling aperture 3 is rectangle, and all do not add column metallic object 4 in the coupling aperture 3.
Embodiment six
As shown in Figure 9, different from embodiment five is that the cross section of coupling aperture 3 is triangle.
Just can realize preferably the utility model as mentioned above.
Claims (8)
1. be positioned at the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler of backbone waveguide one side, it is characterized in that: comprise backbone waveguide (1) that axis is parallel to each other and secondary ridge waveguide (2) and as the coupling aperture (3) of coupling channel; Backbone waveguide (1) is consistent with the structure of secondary ridge waveguide (2), wherein backbone waveguide (1) and secondary ridge waveguide (2) all be by upper wall or and the lower wall rectangular waveguide that loads conductor ridge (6) consist of; Backbone waveguide (1) and secondary ridge waveguide (2) be isolation mutually; Backbone waveguide (1) is communicated with secondary ridge waveguide (2) by at least 3 coupling apertures (3), at least 1 coupling aperture (3) comprise be attached to backbone waveguide (1) sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling (32) of secondary ridge waveguide sidewall, hollow tube coupling (32) is connected with the coupling cavity (31) of three end openings near the sidewall of backbone waveguide (1), coupling cavity (31) and hollow tube coupling (32) conducting, coupling cavity (31) be positioned between backbone waveguide (1) and the secondary ridge waveguide (2) and with backbone waveguide (1) and secondary ridge waveguide (2) conducting
Described coupling aperture (3) is arranged along the axis of backbone waveguide (1), is positioned at a side of backbone waveguide (1) axis along the adjacent coupling aperture (3) of backbone waveguide (1) axis direction; Along on backbone waveguide (1) axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures (3) in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of the central task frequency of backbone waveguide (1) 20% ~ 30% between.
2. the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that is positioned at backbone waveguide one side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the rectangular waveguide sidewall of hollow tube coupling (32) and backbone waveguide (1) or be connected the rectangular waveguide sidewall of ridge waveguide (2) and be connected; Coupling cavity (31) is positioned between the rectangular waveguide sidewall of the rectangular waveguide of secondary ridge waveguide (2) and backbone waveguide (1).
3. the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that is positioned at backbone waveguide one side according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the transverse cross-sectional shape of hollow tube coupling (32) is circle or polygon.
4. the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that is positioned at backbone waveguide one side according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: added parallel with the axis of coupling aperture (3) and vertical with the axis of backbone waveguide (1) the cylindrical metal body (4) of another axis in the described coupling aperture (3), this cylindrical metal body (4) is only in the inwall connection of a direction with corresponding coupling aperture (3), the cross section of this cylindrical metal body (4) be shaped as polygon.
5. the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that is positioned at backbone waveguide one side according to claim 3 is characterized in that: all or part of inside that is positioned at rectangular waveguide of described cylindrical metal body (4).
6. the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that is positioned at backbone waveguide one side according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the axis of described backbone waveguide (1) and secondary ridge waveguide (2) is parallel to each other.
7. the described porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that is positioned at backbone waveguide one side of any one according to claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described rectangular waveguide one or both ends also are connected with curved waveguide (5).
8. the described porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that is positioned at backbone waveguide one side of any one according to claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described rectangular waveguide is connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201220394191 CN202737080U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Porous ridge waveguide directional coupler located at one side of main ridge waveguide |
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| CN 201220394191 CN202737080U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Porous ridge waveguide directional coupler located at one side of main ridge waveguide |
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| CN202737080U true CN202737080U (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102810708A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-12-05 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Porous ridge waveguide directional coupler located at one side of main ridge waveguide |
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2012
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102810708A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-12-05 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Porous ridge waveguide directional coupler located at one side of main ridge waveguide |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130213 Termination date: 20150810 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |