CN202678490U - Multi-hole ridge waveguide directional coupler with coupling holes distributed in staggered manner - Google Patents
Multi-hole ridge waveguide directional coupler with coupling holes distributed in staggered manner Download PDFInfo
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- CN202678490U CN202678490U CN 201220393890 CN201220393890U CN202678490U CN 202678490 U CN202678490 U CN 202678490U CN 201220393890 CN201220393890 CN 201220393890 CN 201220393890 U CN201220393890 U CN 201220393890U CN 202678490 U CN202678490 U CN 202678490U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-hole ridge waveguide directional coupler with coupling holes distributed in a staggered manner. The multi-hole ridge waveguide directional coupler comprises a main ridge waveguide, an auxiliary ridge waveguide and coupling holes; the main ridge waveguide and the auxiliary ridge waveguide are isolated from each other; the main ridge waveguide is communicated with the auxiliary ridge waveguide through at least three coupling holes; each coupling hole comprises a hollow coupling pipe attached to the side wall of the main ridge waveguide and/or the side wall of the auxiliary ridge waveguide; a coupling cavity with three ends opened are connected to a side wall of the hollow coupling pipe and at the position close to the main ridge waveguide; the coupling cavity is communicated with the hollow coupling pipe, and is positioned between the main ridge waveguide and the auxiliary ridge waveguide and communicated with the main ridge waveguide and the auxiliary ridge waveguide; and adjacent coupling holes along the axis direction of the main ridge waveguide are distributed on the left side and the right side of the axis of the main ridge waveguide in a staggered manner. The multi-hole ridge waveguide directional coupler has the advantages of compact structure, wide bandwidth, large power capacity and low insertion loss, particularly in the millimeter waves and Terahertz wave band; and compared with a common multi-hole directional coupler, the multi-hole ridge waveguide directional coupler has outstanding advantages in the aspect of low insertion loss.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to multi-hole directional coupler, specifically, relates to the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that a kind of coupling aperture that utilizes a plurality of holes to be added close coupling is interspersed.
Background technology
Directional coupler is widely used a kind of microwave device in microwave system, and its Main Function is that microwave signal is carried out to power division according to a certain percentage; Directional coupler consists of two transmission lines, and coaxial line, rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide, strip line and microstrip line etc. all can form directional coupler; So of a great variety from the structure directional coupler, widely different, but mainly be divided into four kinds from their coupling mechanism, i.e. aperture coupling, parallel coupling, branch's coupling and coupling double T.
Before early 1950s, nearly all microwave equipment all adopts metal waveguide and waveguide circuit, and directional coupler at that time also mostly is the Waveguide Hole coupling directional coupler; Its theoretical foundation is the Bethe slot-coupling theory, and the people such as Cohn and Levy have also done a lot of contributions.
Development along with the aerospace technology, require microwave circuit and system to accomplish miniaturization, lightweight and dependable performance, so strip line and microstrip line have occurred, the microwave integrated transmission-lines such as fin line, the line of rabbet joint, co-planar waveguide and coplanar stripline have appearred again in needs due to microwave circuit and system in succession subsequently, various transmission line directional couplers so just occurred.
The tradition single-hole directional coupler has some advantage: as simple in structure, parameter is few, design is got up more convenient; But it also exists some shortcomings: as poor as narrow bandwidth, directivity, only suitable in the work of design frequency place, drift out this frequency, and directivity will reduce.
Although the tradition multi-hole directional coupler can accomplish that very wide bandwidth, directivity also have very and improve, but also exist some shortcomings, as large as volume, requirement on machining accuracy is high, insertion loss is high, particularly at the millimeter wave terahertz wave band, too high Insertion Loss makes this device lose use value; This just encourages us to remove to design a kind of novel porous directional coupler that can overcome these shortcomings.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome some shortcomings of traditional directional coupler, the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that provides a kind of compact, insertion loss coupling aperture low, broadband to be interspersed.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows: the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that coupling aperture is interspersed comprises as the backbone waveguide of microwave main channel with as the secondary ridge waveguide of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture of coupling channel; The structure of backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide is consistent, wherein backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide be all by the rectangular enclosure structured waveguide and be arranged on rectangular enclosure structured waveguide upper wall or and the loading conductor ridge of lower wall form; Backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide are isolated mutually; The backbone waveguide is communicated with secondary ridge waveguide by least 3 coupling apertures, coupling aperture comprises the hollow tube coupling that is attached to rectangular enclosure structured waveguide sidewall, the hollow tube coupling is connected with the coupling cavity of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular enclosure structured waveguide, coupling cavity and the conducting of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity between backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide and with backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide conducting
;described coupling aperture is arranged along the axis direction of backbone waveguide, and along backbone waveguide axis direction, adjacent coupling aperture is interspersed successively in left side and the right side of backbone waveguide axis; Along on backbone waveguide axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of backbone waveguide core operating frequency 15% ~ 35% between; Added a cylindrical metal body that axis is parallel with the axis of coupling cavity and vertical with backbone waveguide axis in described coupling cavity, this cylindrical metal body one end connects with the inwall of corresponding coupling cavity; The cross section of this cylindrical metal body be shaped as polygon.
The projection of shape that the hollow tube coupling is overlooked direction at it is for semicircle, and the projection of shape that coupling cavity is overlooked direction at it is for circular.
Described cylindrical metal body extends into the inside of backbone waveguide.
The one or both ends of described backbone waveguide or secondary ridge waveguide also are connected with curved waveguide; The other end at curved waveguide also can be connected with the matching structure mated with the external world.
Single-hole directional coupler has relatively narrow bandwidth on directivity, so people have expected a series of coupling apertures of design, this series of coupling aperture forms an array, and several arrays can also stack up, and come thus the comprehensive degree of coupling and directional responses.Utilize the directivity of aperture and the directivity of array to superpose in coupled end, just can obtain better directivity, and this extra degree of freedom can also improve bandwidth.Therefore, in order to increase the coupling performance of coupling aperture, we arrange coupling aperture along the axis of backbone waveguide, simultaneously in order to increase the bore of coupling aperture, and the left side and the right side that are distributed in backbone waveguide axis that we interlock adjacent coupling aperture successively.
After coupling aperture is staggered, under the condition that meets the coupling reinforcement, be adjacent two coupling apertures hole in the heart apart from should be arranged on the backbone waveguide the central task frequency guide wavelength 15% ~ 35% between, we can increase the bore of coupling aperture, so can further add close coupling again, thereby further improve the directivity of this rectangular waveguide directional coupler.
Simultaneously, preferentially selecting cross section is that rectangle column metallic object is arranged in coupling aperture, and the position of cylindrical metal body in coupling aperture is unrestricted, can be arranged according to the actual requirements.
For the volume that makes its whole directional coupler reduces, we pay the utmost attention to the axis of backbone waveguide and the axis of secondary ridge waveguide be arranged in parallel, and whole directional coupler all is sealed in the inside of metallic shield lid.
The projection of shape that coupling aperture is overlooked direction at it is unrestricted, and when considering cost of manufacture, we pay the utmost attention to circle or triangle or the quadrangle of the simple and easy batch production of energy.
While increasing the cylindrical metal body, described coupling aperture is in-line or Y-shaped or cross and other starlike more than 4 branches in the projection of shape of overlooking direction.
Based on said structure, the utility model is compared to its improvement 1 of multi-hole directional coupler in the past: traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling channel be comprised of coupling cavity and hollow tube coupling, wherein coupling cavity is arranged between backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide, the hollow tube coupling be attached to the backbone waveguide sidewalls or and secondary ridge waveguide sidewall.Can increase its directivity like this.
Owing to there being a plurality of coupling apertures, its a plurality of coupling apertures can make between waveguide to reach the effect that coupling is strengthened, so further improvement of the utility model: coupling aperture is arranged along the axis of backbone waveguide, the left side and the right side that are distributed in backbone waveguide axis that along backbone waveguide axis direction, adjacent coupling aperture interlocks successively; Along on backbone waveguide axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength in the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 15% ~ 35% between.After adjacent coupling aperture is interspersed, in unit are, because we adopt the both sides of the staggered backbone waveguide that coupling aperture is arranged, so certainly will be under the condition of identical hole count, we just can increase the bore of coupling aperture, the reinforcement that so can further be coupled again, thus the directivity of this porous rectangular waveguide directional coupler further improved.
The operation principle of multi-hole directional coupler can be described below:
Because can being similar to, the waveguide inwall regards the ideal conducting plane as.According to the boundary condition of alternating electromagnetic field, ideal conducting plane E only has the component perpendicular with surface, there is no tangential component; Magnetic field H only has the component tangent with surface, there is no normal component.The public broadside of the vertical major-minor ridge waveguide of main waveguide internal electric field, reach that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads still perpendicular to the public broadside of major-minor waveguide by aperture, and its power line forms an elbow.The closed curve that magnetic field (magnetic line of force) is parallel main Guide of Wide Wall, pierce into therefore the magnetic field of main waveguide (magnetic line of force) forms one group at the aperture place full curve that passes secondary ridge waveguide.
Entering by aperture that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads leads the coupling aperture both sides at complementary wave and is coupled out electric field E vertically downward
'.The electric field E of alternation
'inspire Induced magnetic field H
'(direction is determined by S=E*H).Electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms respectively the electromagnetic wave to coupled end and isolation end output.
Entering by aperture that a part of magnetic field that complementary wave leads leads the coupling aperture both sides at complementary wave and is coupled out level magnetic field H to the right
'.The magnetic field H of alternation
'inspire the electric field E inducted
'.Electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms respectively the electromagnetic wave to coupled end and isolation end output.
The aperture coupling is above-mentioned electric coupling and magnetic-coupled stack.The electromagnetic wave that two kinds of couplings are formed merges, and we can find out that the electromagnetic wave transmitted toward the coupled end direction superposes in the same way, form coupling output; Electromagnetic wave toward the transmission of isolation end direction oppositely superposes, and the formation of cancelling out each other isolation end, so be to export without coupling in principle.But, due to aperture electricity, magnetic-coupled asymmetry, both superpose and have produced directivity.
Multi-hole directional coupler utilizes a series of coupling apertures to form an array exactly, and several arrays can also stack up, and come thus the comprehensive degree of coupling and directional responses.Utilize the directivity of aperture and the directivity of array to superpose in coupled end, just can obtain better directivity, and this extra degree of freedom can also improve bandwidth.
The utility model has the advantage of compact conformation, bandwidth of operation is wide, power capacity is large, insertion loss is low, particularly at millimeter wave and terahertz wave band, with common multi-hole directional coupler, compares, and aspect filter with low insertion loss, has outstanding advantage.Compact multi-hole directional coupler of the present utility model is expected to be widely used in the electronic system of each microwave band and terahertz wave band, particularly military affairs and the civil areas such as radar, missile guidance, communication.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The stereogram when axis that Fig. 1 is backbone waveguide in the utility model is parallel with the axis of secondary ridge waveguide.
The structural perspective that Fig. 2 is coupling aperture.
The vertical view that Fig. 3 is the utility model embodiment mono-.
The A-A profile that Fig. 4 is the utility model embodiment mono-.
The vertical view that Fig. 5 is the utility model embodiment bis-.
The vertical view that Fig. 6 is the utility model embodiment tri-.
The vertical view that Fig. 7 is the utility model embodiment tetra-.
The vertical view that Fig. 8 is the utility model embodiment five.
Label in figure is expressed as respectively: 1, backbone waveguide; 2, secondary ridge waveguide; 3, coupling aperture; 31, coupling cavity; 32, hollow tube coupling; 4, cylindrical metal body; 5, curved waveguide; 6, conductor ridge.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, but the utility model execution mode is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that coupling aperture is interspersed, comprise as the backbone waveguide 1 of microwave main channel with as the secondary ridge waveguide 2 of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture 3 of coupling channel; Backbone waveguide 1 is consistent with the structure of secondary ridge waveguide 2, wherein backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 be all by upper wall or and the lower wall rectangular enclosure structured waveguide that loads conductor ridge 6 form; Backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 are isolated mutually; Coupling aperture 3 comprise be attached to backbone waveguide 1 sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling 32 of secondary ridge waveguide sidewall, hollow tube coupling 32 is connected with the coupling cavity 31 of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular waveguide 1, coupling cavity 31 and 32 conductings of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity 31 between backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 and with backbone waveguide 1 and 2 conductings of secondary ridge waveguide
.wherein, the number of coupling aperture 3 is 3; The projection of shape that coupling aperture 3 is overlooked direction at it is for circular, and the axis of the axis of backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 is parallel to each other.Coupling aperture 3 is arranged along the axis of backbone waveguide 1, and along backbone waveguide 1 axis direction, adjacent coupling aperture is interspersed successively in left side and the right side of backbone waveguide 1 axis; Along on backbone waveguide 1 axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures 3 in the heart apart from the guide wavelength in the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 1 22% ~ 28% between.
Compared to its improvement of multi-hole directional coupler in the past, be: 1, traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling channel formed by coupling cavity and hollow tube coupling, wherein coupling cavity is arranged between backbone waveguide and secondary ridge waveguide, the hollow tube coupling be attached to the backbone waveguide sidewalls or and secondary ridge waveguide sidewall; 2, the left side and the right side that are distributed in backbone waveguide axis that adjacent coupling aperture are interlocked successively.After adjacent coupling aperture is interspersed, we just can increase the bore of coupling aperture.Can increase its directivity like this.
Coupling aperture is arranged along the axis of backbone waveguide, and along backbone waveguide axis direction, adjacent coupling aperture is interspersed successively in left side and the right side of backbone waveguide axis; Along on backbone waveguide axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength in the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 15% ~ 35% between.After adjacent coupling aperture is interspersed, in unit are, because we adopt the both sides of the staggered backbone waveguide that coupling aperture is arranged, so certainly will be under the condition of identical hole count, we just can increase the bore of coupling aperture, the reinforcement that so can further be coupled again, thus the directivity of this square porous guide directional coupler further improved.
Embodiment mono-
As Fig. 3, shown in 4, the present embodiment comprises and is provided with backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2, and backbone waveguide 1 is the microwave main channel, and secondary ridge waveguide 2 is the sampled signal passage; Backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2 are isolated mutually, by 5 coupling apertures 3, are communicated with; The part of 5 coupling apertures 3 is beyond backbone waveguide 1 and secondary ridge waveguide 2.The axis of described coupling aperture 3 is vertical with the axis of backbone waveguide 1, its cross section be shaped as irregular polygon, coupling aperture 3 is positioned at the both sides of backbone waveguide, along on backbone waveguide 1 axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures in the heart apart from the guide wavelength in the central task frequency of backbone waveguide 1 22% ~ 28% between, be any one coupling aperture in adjacent two coupling apertures along the guide wavelength of backbone waveguide 1 axis direction Mobility Center operating frequency 22% ~ 28% after, can make the hole heart line of these two adjacent coupling apertures vertical with the axis of backbone waveguide, added parallel with the axis of coupling aperture 3 and vertical with the axis of the backbone waveguide 1 cylindrical metal body 4 of another axis in each coupling aperture 3, the cross section of this cylindrical metal body 4 be shaped as rectangle.
Embodiment bis-
As shown in Figure 5, to be the major-minor ridge waveguide be communicated with and the two ends of secondary ridge waveguide 2 also are connected with curved waveguide 5 by 4 coupling apertures in the place different from embodiment mono-, at the other end of curved waveguide 5, also is connected with the matching structure with external world's coupling.Can facilitate like this being connected of directional coupler and extraneous device, thereby it is better to obtain directivity, the guide directional coupler that bandwidth is wider.
Embodiment tri-
As shown in Figure 6, the place different from embodiment one is that 5 coupling apertures 3 are interspersed in the both sides of backbone waveguide 1, and the cross section of coupling aperture 3 is oval, and does not all add column metallic object 4 in coupling aperture 3.
Embodiment tetra-
As shown in Figure 7, the place different from embodiment three is that the cross section of coupling aperture 3 is rectangle, and is provided with the cylindrical metal body 4 that shape of cross section is rectangle in coupling aperture 3.
Embodiment five
As shown in Figure 8, different from embodiment three is that the cross section of coupling aperture 3 is triangle.
Just can realize preferably the utility model as mentioned above.
Claims (4)
1. the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that coupling aperture is interspersed is characterized in that: comprise as the backbone waveguide (1) of microwave main channel with as the secondary ridge waveguide (2) of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture (3) of coupling channel; Backbone waveguide (1) is consistent with the structure of secondary ridge waveguide (2), wherein backbone waveguide (1) and secondary ridge waveguide (2) be all by the rectangular enclosure structured waveguide and be arranged on rectangular enclosure structured waveguide upper wall or and the loading conductor ridge (6) of lower wall form; Backbone waveguide (1) and secondary ridge waveguide (2) be isolation mutually; Backbone waveguide (1) is communicated with secondary ridge waveguide (2) by least 3 coupling apertures (3), coupling aperture (3) comprises the hollow tube coupling (32) that is attached to rectangular enclosure structured waveguide sidewall, hollow tube coupling (32) is connected with the coupling cavity (31) of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular enclosure structured waveguide, coupling cavity (31) and hollow tube coupling (32) conducting, coupling cavity (31) be positioned between backbone waveguide (1) and secondary ridge waveguide (2) and with backbone waveguide (1) and secondary ridge waveguide (2) conducting
;described coupling aperture (3) is arranged along the axis direction of backbone waveguide (1), and along backbone waveguide (1) axis direction, adjacent coupling aperture (3) is interspersed successively in left side and the right side of backbone waveguide (1) axis; Along on backbone waveguide (1) axis direction, the hole of adjacent two coupling apertures (3) in the heart apart from the guide wavelength of backbone waveguide (1) central task frequency 15% ~ 35% between; Added a cylindrical metal body (4) that axis is parallel with the axis of coupling cavity (31) and vertical with backbone waveguide (1) axis in described coupling cavity (31), these cylindrical metal body (4) one ends connect with the inwall of corresponding coupling cavity (31); The cross section of this cylindrical metal body (4) be shaped as polygon.
2. the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that coupling aperture according to claim 1 is interspersed is characterized in that: the projection of shape that hollow tube coupling (32) is overlooked direction at it is for semicircle, and the projection of shape that coupling cavity (31) is overlooked direction at it is for circular.
3. the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that coupling aperture according to claim 4 is interspersed is characterized in that: described cylindrical metal body (4) extends into the inside of backbone waveguide (1).
4. according to the porous ridge waveguide directional coupler that in claim 1-3, the described coupling aperture of any one is interspersed, it is characterized in that: the one or both ends of described backbone waveguide (1) or secondary ridge waveguide (2) also are connected with curved waveguide (5); The other end at curved waveguide (5) also can be connected with the matching structure mated with the external world.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201220393890 CN202678490U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Multi-hole ridge waveguide directional coupler with coupling holes distributed in staggered manner |
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| CN 201220393890 CN202678490U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Multi-hole ridge waveguide directional coupler with coupling holes distributed in staggered manner |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102810707A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-12-05 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Porous ridge waveguide directional coupler with cross distributed coupling holes |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102810707A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-12-05 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Porous ridge waveguide directional coupler with cross distributed coupling holes |
| CN102810707B (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-06-11 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Porous ridge waveguide directional coupler with cross distributed coupling holes |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130116 Termination date: 20150810 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |