CN202678499U - Rectangular waveguide directional coupler - Google Patents
Rectangular waveguide directional coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN202678499U CN202678499U CN 201220394101 CN201220394101U CN202678499U CN 202678499 U CN202678499 U CN 202678499U CN 201220394101 CN201220394101 CN 201220394101 CN 201220394101 U CN201220394101 U CN 201220394101U CN 202678499 U CN202678499 U CN 202678499U
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- rectangular waveguide
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a rectangular waveguide directional coupler which comprises a main rectangular waveguide serving as a microwave main channel, an auxiliary rectangular waveguide serving as a sampling signal channel, and coupling holes serving as a coupling channel; the face H of a main mold of the main rectangular waveguide is parallel to the face H of a main mold of the auxiliary rectangular waveguide; the main rectangular waveguide and the auxiliary rectangular waveguide are isolated from each other; the main rectangular waveguide is communicated with the auxiliary rectangular waveguide through one or two coupling holes; at least one coupling hole comprises a hollow coupling pipe attached to the side wall of the main rectangular waveguide or/and the side wall of the auxiliary rectangular waveguide; a coupling cavity with three ends opened are connected to the side wall of the hollow coupling pipe and at the position close to the main rectangular waveguide; and the coupling cavity is communicated with the hollow coupling pipe and is positioned between and communicated with the main rectangular waveguide and the auxiliary rectangular waveguide. The rectangular waveguide directional coupler has the advantages of compact structure and low insertion loss, particularly in millimeter waves and Terahertz wave band; and compared with a common single-hole directional coupler, the rectangular waveguide directional coupler has outstanding advantage of low insertion loss.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the rectangular waveguide directional coupler, specifically, relates to a kind of rectangular waveguide directional coupler that utilizes single hole or diplopore to be coupled.
Background technology
Directional coupler is widely used a kind of microwave device in microwave system, and its Main Function is that microwave signal is carried out to power division according to a certain percentage; Directional coupler consists of two transmission lines, and coaxial line, rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide, strip line and microstrip line etc. all can form directional coupler; So of a great variety from the structure directional coupler, widely different, but mainly be divided into four kinds from their coupling mechanism, i.e. aperture coupling, parallel coupling, branch's coupling and coupling double T.
Before early 1950s, nearly all microwave equipment all adopts metal waveguide and waveguide circuit, and directional coupler at that time also mostly is the Waveguide Hole coupling directional coupler; Its theoretical foundation is the Bethe slot-coupling theory, and the people such as Cohn and Levy have also done a lot of contributions.
Development along with the aerospace technology, require microwave circuit and system to accomplish miniaturization, lightweight and dependable performance, so strip line and microstrip line have occurred, the microwave integrated transmission-lines such as fin line, the line of rabbet joint, co-planar waveguide and coplanar stripline have appearred again in needs due to microwave circuit and system in succession subsequently, various transmission line directional couplers so just occurred.
The tradition single-hole directional coupler has some advantage: as simple in structure, parameter is few, design is got up more convenient; But it also exists some shortcomings: as poor as narrow bandwidth, directivity, only suitable in the work of design frequency place, drift out this frequency, and directivity will reduce.
Although the tradition multi-hole directional coupler can be accomplished very wide bandwidth, also exists some shortcomings, as large as volume, requirement on machining accuracy is high, insertion loss is high, particularly at the millimeter wave terahertz wave band, too high Insertion Loss makes this device lose use value; This just encourages us to remove to design a kind of Novel directional coupler that can overcome these shortcomings.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome some shortcomings of traditional directional coupler, and a kind of compact, rectangular waveguide directional coupler that insertion loss is low are provided.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows: the rectangular waveguide directional coupler comprises as the main rectangular waveguide of microwave main channel with as the secondary rectangular waveguide of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture of coupling channel; Described main rectangular waveguide and secondary rectangular waveguide are the rectangular regular metal waveguide in cross section and make; The main mould H face of the main mould H face of main rectangular waveguide and secondary rectangular waveguide is parallel to each other, and main rectangular waveguide and secondary rectangular waveguide are isolated mutually; Main rectangular waveguide is communicated with secondary rectangular waveguide by 1 or 2 coupling apertures, at least 1 coupling aperture comprise be attached to main rectangular waveguide sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling of secondary rectangular waveguide sidewall, the hollow tube coupling is connected with the coupling cavity of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular waveguide, coupling cavity and the conducting of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity between main rectangular waveguide and secondary rectangular waveguide and with main rectangular waveguide and secondary rectangular waveguide conducting
.
The projection of shape that coupling aperture is overlooked direction at it is circle or polygon.
Be provided with the cylindrical metal body that axis is vertical with the main mould H face of main rectangular waveguide in described coupling aperture.
The cross section of this cylindrical metal body be shaped as polygon, preferentially select triangle.
Angle between the axis of described main rectangular waveguide and the axis of secondary rectangular waveguide is between 5 ° to 175 °.
The number of described coupling aperture is 2 o'clock, and the center of two coupling apertures lays respectively at main rectangular waveguide and intersects after overlooking direction projection near two relative summits of the parallelogram formed with secondary rectangular waveguide.
The one or both ends of described main rectangular waveguide also are connected with curved waveguide.
Described main rectangular waveguide Huo and secondary rectangular waveguide are connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
Based on said structure, the utility model compared to its improvement of single-hole directional coupler in the past is: traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling channel be comprised of coupling cavity and hollow tube coupling, wherein coupling cavity is arranged between main rectangular waveguide and secondary rectangular waveguide, the hollow tube coupling be attached to main rectangular waveguide sidewall or and secondary rectangular waveguide sidewall.Can increase its directivity like this.
Angle between the axis of general main rectangular waveguide and the axis of secondary rectangular waveguide is between 5 ° to 175 °.For the volume that makes its whole coupler reduces, we pay the utmost attention to the axis of main rectangular waveguide and the axis of secondary rectangular waveguide be arranged in parallel, simultaneously, the angular dimension between the axis of the axis of its main rectangular waveguide and secondary rectangular waveguide is determined through improving according to the indexs such as the degree of coupling, directivity and bandwidth of operation of this directional coupler.
When the number of coupling aperture is 1, compare single-hole directional coupler in the past, performance has obvious progress, when the number of coupling aperture increases to 2, can further improve its directivity, now we need to make the hollow tube coupling be attached to main rectangular waveguide sidewall or and secondary rectangular waveguide sidewall could improve its directivity.
The projection of shape that coupling aperture is overlooked direction at it is unrestricted, and when considering cost of manufacture, we pay the utmost attention to circle or triangle or the quadrangle of the simple and easy batch production of energy.
While increasing the cylindrical metal body, described coupling aperture is in-line or Y-shaped or cross and other starlike more than 4 branches in the projection of shape of overlooking direction.
Wherein above-mentioned H face is the magnetic field face.
The operation principle of single-hole directional coupler can be described below:
Regard the ideal conducting plane as because the waveguide inwall can be similar to, according to the boundary condition of alternating electromagnetic field, ideal conducting plane E only has the component perpendicular with surface, there is no tangential component; Magnetic field H only has the component tangent with surface, there is no normal component.The public broadside of the vertical major-minor waveguide of main waveguide internal electric field, reach that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads still vertical and the public broadside of major-minor waveguide, an elbow of its power line formation by aperture.Magnetic field (magnetic line of force) is for being parallel to the closed curve of main Guide of Wide Wall, therefore the magnetic field of main waveguide (magnetic line of force) forms one group at the aperture place, pierces into and passes the full curve that complementary wave is led.
Entering by aperture that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads leads the coupling aperture both sides at complementary wave and is coupled out electric field E vertically downward
', the electric field E of alternation
'inspire Induced magnetic field H
'(direction is determined by S=E*H), electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms respectively the electromagnetic wave to coupled end and isolation end output.
Entering by aperture that a part of magnetic field that complementary wave leads leads the coupling aperture both sides at complementary wave and is coupled out level magnetic field H to the right
', the magnetic field H of alternation
'inspire the electric field E inducted
', electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms respectively the electromagnetic wave to coupled end and isolation end output.
The aperture coupling is above-mentioned electric coupling and magnetic-coupled stack, and the electromagnetic wave two kinds of couplings formed merges, and we can find out that the electromagnetic wave of past coupled end direction transmission superposes in the same way, forms coupling output; The electromagnetic wave transmitted toward the isolation end direction oppositely superposes, and cancels out each other and forms isolation, so be to export without coupling in principle; But, due to aperture electricity, magnetic-coupled asymmetry, both superpose and have produced directivity.
The utility model has the advantage of: compact conformation, processing are simply, power capacity is large, insertion loss is low, particularly at millimeter wave and terahertz wave band, with common single-hole directional coupler, compares, and aspect filter with low insertion loss, has outstanding advantage.Compact rectangular waveguide directional coupler of the present utility model is expected to be widely used in the electronic system of each microwave band and terahertz wave band, particularly military affairs and the civil areas such as radar, missile guidance, communication.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The stereogram when axis that Fig. 1 is main rectangular waveguide in the utility model is parallel with the axis of secondary rectangular waveguide.
The structural perspective that Fig. 2 is coupling aperture.
Fig. 3 for hollow tube coupling after improving be attached to main rectangular waveguide sidewall or and the transmission curve of coupled end and isolation end during secondary rectangular waveguide sidewall.
The vertical view that Fig. 4 is the utility model embodiment mono-.
Fig. 5 is A in the utility model embodiment mono--A profile.
The vertical view that Fig. 6 is the utility model embodiment bis-.
The vertical view that Fig. 7 is the utility model embodiment tri-.
The vertical view that Fig. 8 is the utility model embodiment tetra-.
Label in figure is expressed as respectively: 1, main rectangular waveguide; 2, secondary rectangular waveguide; 3, coupling aperture; 31, coupling cavity; 32, hollow tube coupling; 7, cylindrical metal body; 4, curved waveguide; 5, rectangular waveguide.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, but the utility model execution mode is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the rectangular waveguide directional coupler, comprise as the main rectangular waveguide 1 of microwave main channel with as the secondary rectangular waveguide 2 of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture 3 of coupling channel; The main mould H face of the main mould H face of main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 is parallel to each other, and main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 are isolated mutually; Main rectangular waveguide 1 is communicated with secondary rectangular waveguide 2 by 1 or 2 coupling apertures 3, at least 1 coupling aperture 3 comprise be attached to main rectangular waveguide 1 sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling 32 of secondary rectangular waveguide 2 sidewalls, hollow tube coupling 32 is connected with the coupling cavity 31 of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular waveguide 1, coupling cavity 31 and 32 conductings of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity 31 between main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 and with main rectangular waveguide 1 and 2 conductings of secondary rectangular waveguide
.the projection of shape that wherein coupling aperture 3 is overlooked direction at it is for circular, and the axis of the axis of main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 is parallel to each other.
As shown in Figure 3, the experimental data of gained Fig. 3 is the experimental data generated according to the design of Fig. 1 in the utility model to concrete experimental data, with existing single-hole directional coupler, compares, and except the position difference of coupling aperture, all the other conditions are all consistent; Fig. 3 for hollow tube coupling after improving be attached to main rectangular waveguide sidewall or and the transmission curve of coupled end and isolation end during secondary rectangular waveguide sidewall, the port S3.1 in Fig. 3 is coupled end, port S4.1 is isolation end.According to formula
, wherein I is isolation, and C is the degree of coupling, and D is the directivity index, and the good directionality that we can calculate this rectangular waveguide single-hole directional coupler in frequency is 6.5GHz ~ 10 GHz scopes is in-19dB.And improve while there is no the hollow tube coupling, we calculate the be worse than-14dB of directivity of this rectangular waveguide single-hole directional coupler in frequency is 6.5GHz ~ 10 GHz scopes.
Before improving and after improving, compare, from the difference of experiment condition, be: the hollow tube coupling improving in the utility model is attached to main rectangular waveguide sidewall and secondary rectangular waveguide sidewall, and only have coupling aperture before improving, its coupling aperture, between main rectangular waveguide Huo and secondary rectangular waveguide, is very close to each other between main rectangular waveguide and secondary rectangular waveguide; All the other conditions are all consistent.
As can be seen from above, the utility model designs the design before coupler obviously is better than improving on directional performance.
Compared to its improvement of single-hole directional coupler in the past, be: traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling channel formed by coupling cavity 31 and hollow tube coupling 32, wherein coupling cavity 31 is arranged between main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 it, hollow tube coupling 32 be attached to main rectangular waveguide 1 sidewall or and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 sidewalls; Can increase its directivity like this.
Embodiment mono-
As shown in Figure 4,5, the present embodiment comprises and is provided with main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2, and main rectangular waveguide 1 is the microwave main channel, and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 is the sampled signal passage; The main mould H face of main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 is parallel to each other, main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 are isolated mutually, have 1 coupling aperture 3 to comprise to be attached to main rectangular waveguide 1 sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling 32 of secondary rectangular waveguide 2 sidewalls, hollow tube coupling 32 is connected with the coupling cavity 31 of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular waveguide 1, coupling cavity 31 and 32 conductings of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity 31 between main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 and with main rectangular waveguide 1 and 2 conductings of secondary rectangular waveguide
.add the cylindrical metal body 7 that another axis is vertical with the H face of main rectangular waveguide 1 in coupling aperture 3, the cross section of this cylindrical metal body 7 be shaped as rectangle, can obtain the better directional coupler of directivity.
Embodiment bis-
As shown in Figure 6, the place different from embodiment mono-is between main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 to be parallel, there is no angle.Coupling aperture 3 all only has part in main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 the insides, and some outside.Cylindrical metal body 7 is not set in coupling aperture 3.
Embodiment tri-
As shown in Figure 7, the place different from embodiment mono-is by two coupling apertures 3, to be communicated with between main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2, near the center of two coupling apertures 3 lays respectively at main rectangular waveguide 1 and secondary rectangular waveguide 2 intersects two relative summits of the parallelogram formed.
Embodiment tetra-
As shown in Figure 8, the place different from embodiment tri-is that main rectangular waveguide 1 and 2 of secondary rectangular waveguides are communicated with by a coupling aperture 3, the transition of curved waveguide 4 is arranged at the two ends of main rectangular waveguide 1, can obtain like this that directivity is better, the wider guide directional coupler of bandwidth, at the other end of curved waveguide 4, connect rectangular waveguide 5.
Just can realize preferably the utility model as mentioned above.
Claims (8)
1. rectangular waveguide directional coupler is characterized in that: comprise as the main rectangular waveguide (1) of microwave main channel with as the secondary rectangular waveguide (2) of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture (3) of coupling channel; Described main rectangular waveguide (1) and secondary rectangular waveguide (2) are the rectangular regular metal waveguide in cross section and make; The main mould H face of the main mould H face of main rectangular waveguide (1) and secondary rectangular waveguide (2) is parallel to each other, and main rectangular waveguide (1) and secondary rectangular waveguide (2) be isolation mutually; Main rectangular waveguide (1) is communicated with secondary rectangular waveguide (2) by 1 or 2 coupling apertures (3), at least 1 coupling aperture (3) comprise be attached to main rectangular waveguide (1) sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling (32) of secondary rectangular waveguide (2) sidewall, hollow tube coupling (32) is connected with the coupling cavity (31) of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular waveguide (1), coupling cavity (31) and hollow tube coupling (32) conducting, coupling cavity (31) be positioned between main rectangular waveguide (1) and secondary rectangular waveguide (2) and with main rectangular waveguide (1) and secondary rectangular waveguide (2) conducting
.
2. rectangular waveguide directional coupler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the projection of shape that coupling aperture (3) is overlooked direction at it is circle or polygon.
3. rectangular waveguide directional coupler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with the cylindrical metal body (7) that axis is vertical with the H face of main rectangular waveguide (1) in described coupling aperture (3).
4. rectangular waveguide directional coupler according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the cross section of this cylindrical metal body (7) be shaped as polygon.
5. rectangular waveguide directional coupler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the angle between the axis of the axis of described main rectangular waveguide (1) and secondary rectangular waveguide (2) is between 5 ° to 175 °.
6. rectangular waveguide directional coupler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the number of described coupling aperture (3) is 2 o'clock, and the center of two coupling apertures (3) lays respectively at main rectangular waveguide (1) and intersects after overlooking direction projection near two relative summits of the parallelogram formed with secondary rectangular waveguide (2).
7. according to the described rectangular waveguide directional coupler of any one in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: the one or both ends of described main rectangular waveguide (1) also are connected with curved waveguide (4).
8. according to the described rectangular waveguide directional coupler of any one in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described main rectangular waveguide (1) Huo and secondary rectangular waveguide (2) are connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220394101 CN202678499U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Rectangular waveguide directional coupler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220394101 CN202678499U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Rectangular waveguide directional coupler |
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| CN202678499U true CN202678499U (en) | 2013-01-16 |
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| CN 201220394101 Expired - Fee Related CN202678499U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Rectangular waveguide directional coupler |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102780058A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-14 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Rectangular waveguide directional coupler |
| CN105356026A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Rectangular waveguide bi-directional coupler |
-
2012
- 2012-08-10 CN CN 201220394101 patent/CN202678499U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102780058A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-14 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Rectangular waveguide directional coupler |
| CN105356026A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Rectangular waveguide bi-directional coupler |
| CN105356026B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-12-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Rectangular waveguide dual directional coupler |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130116 Termination date: 20150810 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |