CN102820511A - Microstrip directional coupler - Google Patents
Microstrip directional coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN102820511A CN102820511A CN2012102826892A CN201210282689A CN102820511A CN 102820511 A CN102820511 A CN 102820511A CN 2012102826892 A CN2012102826892 A CN 2012102826892A CN 201210282689 A CN201210282689 A CN 201210282689A CN 102820511 A CN102820511 A CN 102820511A
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- little band
- microstrip
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- coupling
- directional coupler
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microstrip directional coupler which comprises a main microstrip as a microwave main channel and an assistant microstrip as a sampling signal channel and a coupling hole as a coupling channel. The axis of the main microstrip is parallel to that of the assistant microstrip. The main microstrip is communicated with the assistant microstrip through one or two coupling holes on a grounding face between the main microstrip and the assistant microstrip. Projection of at least one coupling hole is close to the side wall of a conductor strip of the main microstrip or the side wall of the conductor strip of the assistant microstrip 2. The projecting shape of the coupling hole in the overlook direction is circular. The coupling hole is internally provided with a column metal body. The axis of the coupling hole is vertical to the axis of the main microstrip mutually. The microstrip directional coupler provided by the invention has the advantages of compact structure, simple process, ultrawide working bandwidth, large power capacity and low insertion loss, and has a remarkable advantage in the aspect of coupling degree in millimeter wave range particularly compared with that of a single-hole directional coupler.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microstrip directional coupler, specifically, relate to a kind of microstrip directional coupler that utilizes single hole or diplopore to be coupled.
Background technology
Directional coupler is widely used a kind of microwave device in the microwave system, and its main effect is that microwave signal is carried out power division according to a certain percentage; Directional coupler is made up of two transmission lines, and coaxial line, rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide, strip line and little band etc. all can constitute directional coupler; So of a great variety from the structure directional coupler, widely different, but mainly be divided into four kinds from their coupling mechanism, i.e. aperture coupling, parallel coupling, branch's coupling and coupling double T.
Before early 1950s, nearly all microwave equipment all adopts metal waveguide and waveguide circuit, and directional coupler at that time is also mostly to be waveguide aperture coupling directional coupler; Its theoretical foundation is a Bethe aperture coupled wave theory, and people such as Cohn and Levy have also done a lot of contributions.
Development along with the aerospace technology; Require microwave circuit and system to accomplish miniaturization, lightweight and dependable performance; So strip line and little band have occurred; Because microwave integrated transmission-lines such as fin line, the line of rabbet joint, co-planar waveguide and coplanar stripline have appearred again in the needs of microwave circuit and system in succession, various transmission line directional couplers have so just appearred subsequently.
The tradition single-hole directional coupler has some advantage: as simple in structure, parameter is few, design is got up more convenient; But it also exists some shortcomings: poor like narrow bandwidth, directivity, only work is suitable at the design frequency place, departs from out this frequency, and directivity will reduce.
Though the tradition multi-hole directional coupler can be accomplished very wide bandwidth, also exists some shortcomings, big like volume, requirement on machining accuracy is high, it is high to insert loss, particularly at the millimeter wave terahertz wave band, too high Insertion Loss makes this device lose use value.This just encourages us to remove to design a kind of novel directional coupler that can overcome these shortcomings.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome some shortcomings of traditional directional coupler, a kind of compact is provided, has inserted the low microstrip directional coupler of loss.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following: microstrip directional coupler comprises mutual isolation and the little band of master and the secondary little band that are communicated with through coupling aperture; The structure of main little band and secondary little band is identical, and wherein main little band and secondary little band all are made up of dielectric layer printing upper conductor band; Main little band and secondary little band are isolated through ground plane each other; Main little band is communicated with secondary little band through 1 or 2 coupling aperture that is positioned on the ground plane, the projection section of at least 1 coupling aperture be positioned at the conductor belt of leading little band projection sidewall or and the sidewall of the projection of the conductor belt of secondary little band; Coupling aperture is circle in its projection of shape of overlooking direction
Be provided with in the said coupling aperture axis and coupling aperture parallel axes and with the cylindrical metal body of the axis normal of main little band.
This cylindrical metal body is a rectangle in its projection of shape of overlooking direction.
Angle between the axis of the little band of said master and the axis of secondary little band is between 3 ° to 177 °; The number of said coupling aperture is 2 o'clock, and two coupling apertures lay respectively at main little band and secondary little band intersects near two relative summits of the parallelogram that constitutes after overlooking direction projection.
The one or both ends of the little band of said master also are connected with crooked little band.
Said master little band Huo and secondary little band are connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
Based on said structure; The present invention compared to its improvement of single-hole directional coupler in the past is:, traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling aperture on the ground plane between main little band and the secondary little band, and with the conductor belt of main little band and the conductor belt conducting of secondary little band.Can increase its directivity like this.
Angle between the axis of the general little band of master and the axis of secondary little band is between 3 ° to 177 °.For the volume that makes its whole coupler reduces; We pay the utmost attention to the axis of main little band and the parallel axes setting of secondary little band; Simultaneously, the angular dimension between the axis of the axis of its main little band and secondary little band is decided through optimizing according to the indexs such as the degree of coupling, directivity and bandwidth of operation of this directional coupler.
When the number of coupling aperture is 1, compare single-hole directional coupler in the past, performance has tangible progress, when the number of coupling aperture increases to 2, can further improve its directivity.
Coupling aperture is unrestricted in its projection of shape of overlooking direction, and when considering cost of manufacture, we pay the utmost attention to circle or the triangle or the quadrangle of the simple and easy batch process of ability.
When increasing the cylindrical metal body, said coupling aperture is in-line or Y font or cross and other starlike more than 4 branches in the projection of shape of overlooking direction.
General microstrip directional coupler all obtains through parallel coupling, is the aperture coupling and the present invention adopts, to us the another kind of thinking that designs microstrip directional coupler is provided so again.
The operation principle of single-hole directional coupler can be described below:
Because the waveguide inwall can be similar to and regard the ideal conducting plane as, according to the boundary condition of alternating electromagnetic field, ideal conducting plane E has only and the perpendicular component in surface, does not have tangential component; Magnetic field H has only the component tangent with the surface, does not have normal component.The public broadside of the vertical major-minor waveguide of main waveguide internal electric field reaches the still vertical and public broadside of major-minor waveguide of that a part of electric field that complementary wave is led through aperture, and its power line forms an elbow.Magnetic field (magnetic line of force) is for being parallel to the closed curve of main Guide of Wide Wall, pierces into and passes the full curve that complementary wave is led so the magnetic field of main waveguide (magnetic line of force) forms one group at the aperture place.
Get into that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads through aperture and lead the coupling aperture both sides electric field E vertically downward that is coupled out at complementary wave
', the electric field E of alternation
'Inspire the magnetic field H of inducting
'(direction is determined by S=E*H), electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms the electromagnetic wave of exporting to coupled end and isolation end respectively.
The coupling aperture both sides level of being coupled out magnetic field H is to the right led at complementary wave in that a part of magnetic field through aperture entering complementary wave is led
', alternating magnetic fields H
'Inspire the electric field E that inducts
', electricity, magnetic field alternately excites, and forms the electromagnetic wave of exporting to coupled end and isolation end respectively.
The aperture coupling is above-mentioned electric coupling and magnetic-coupled stack, and the electromagnetic wave that promptly forms two kinds of couplings merges, and we can find out that the electromagnetic wave of past coupled end direction transmission superposes in the same way, forms coupling output; Electromagnetic wave toward the transmission of isolation end direction oppositely superposes, and cancels out each other to constitute and isolates, so be not have coupling output in principle; But because aperture is electric, magnetic-coupled asymmetry, both superpose and have produced directivity.
The invention has the advantages that: compact conformation, processing simple, ultra wide bandwidth of operation, power capacity be big, it is low to insert loss, particularly at millimeter wave band, compares with common single-hole directional coupler, aspect the degree of coupling, has outstanding advantage.Compact microstrip directional coupler of the present invention is expected to be widely used in the electronic system of each microwave band, particularly military affairs and civil areas such as radar, missile guidance, communication.
Description of drawings
Stereogram when Fig. 1 is 45 ° of angles for the axis of the axis of main little band among the present invention and secondary little band.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 3 is A in the embodiment of the invention one-A profile.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the invention two.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the invention three.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the invention four.
Label among the figure is expressed as respectively: 1, lead little band; 2, secondary little band; 3, coupling aperture; 7, cylindrical metal body; 4, crooked little band; 5, little band; 6, ground plane.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done to specify further, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, microstrip directional coupler comprises as the master of microwave main channel little with 1 and secondary little with 2 and as the coupling aperture 3 of coupling channel as the sampled signal passage; Main little with 1 axis with secondary little with the angle that is 45 ° between 2 the axis, main little with 1 with secondary littlely isolate each other with 2 ground planes 6 that pass through between them; Main littlely be with 1 to be with 2 to be communicated with secondary little through 1 or 2 coupling apertures 3, the projection of at least 1 coupling aperture 3 be attached to main little with 1 conductor belt sidewall or and pair little with 2 conductor belt sidewall; Coupling aperture 3 main little be with 1 and secondary little be with 2 between and littlely be with 1 to be with 2 conductings
with main with secondary little.Wherein coupling aperture 3 is circle in its projection of shape of overlooking direction.
Its improvement of single-hole directional coupler compared in the past is: traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling aperture on the ground plane between main little band and the secondary little band, and with the conductor belt of main little band and the conductor belt conducting of secondary little band.Can increase its directivity like this.
Embodiment one
Like Fig. 2, shown in 3, present embodiment comprises being provided with main littlely is with 1 to be with 2 with secondary little, mainly littlely is with 1 to be the microwave main channel, secondary littlely is with 2 to be the sampled signal passage; Main littlely is parallel to each other with secondary little axis with 2 with 1 mainly littlely is with 1 to be with 2 to isolate each other with secondary little, have the projection of 1 coupling aperture 3 be attached to main little with 1 conductor belt sidewall or with secondary little with 2 conductor belt sidewall; Coupling aperture 3 main little be with 1 and secondary little be with 2 between and littlely be with 1 to be with 2 conductings
with main with secondary little.Add in the coupling aperture 3 another axis and coupling aperture 3 parallel axes and with lead little cylindrical metal body 7 with 1 axis normal, the cross section of this cylindrical metal body 7 be shaped as rectangle, can obtain the better directional coupler of directivity like this.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 4, with embodiment one different place be main little be with 1 and secondary little be parallel between being with 2, do not have angle.The projection of coupling aperture 3 all have only part main little with 1 conductor belt with secondary little with 2 conductor belt the inside, some is outside.Cylindrical metal body 7 is not set in the coupling aperture 3.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 5, be main littlely to be with 1 and secondary littlely be communicated with through two coupling apertures 3 between being with 2 with embodiment one different place, the center of two coupling apertures 3 lays respectively near main littlely intersect two relative summits of parallelogram of formations with 2 with secondary little with 1.
Embodiment four
As shown in Figure 6; With embodiment three different places is main littlely to be with 1 to be with 2 to be communicated with through a coupling aperture 3 with secondary little; Have crooked little with 4 transition at main little two ends with 1; Connecting at the little other end of bending and littlely to be with 5, can obtain like this that directivity is better, the wideer guide directional coupler of bandwidth with 4.
Just can realize the present invention preferably as stated.
Claims (4)
1. microstrip directional coupler is characterized in that: comprise mutual isolation and the little band of master (1) and the secondary little band (2) that are communicated with through coupling aperture (3); Main little band (1) is identical with the structure of secondary little band (2), and wherein main little band (1) and secondary little band (2) all are made up of dielectric layer printing upper conductor band; Main little band (1) and secondary little band (2) are isolated through ground plane (6) each other; Main little band (1) is communicated with secondary little band (2) through 1 or 2 coupling aperture (3) that is positioned on the ground plane (6), the projection section of at least 1 coupling aperture (3) be positioned at the conductor belt of leading little band (1) projection sidewall or and the sidewall of the projection of the conductor belt of secondary little band (2); Coupling aperture (3) is circle in its projection of shape of overlooking direction
Be provided with in the said coupling aperture (3) axis and coupling aperture (3) parallel axes and with the cylindrical metal body (7) of the axis normal of main little band (1).
2. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this cylindrical metal body (7) is circle or rectangle or polygon in its projection of shape of overlooking direction.
3. microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the angle between the axis of the axis of the little band of said master (1) and secondary little band (2) is between 3 ° to 177 °; The number of said coupling aperture (3) is 2 o'clock, and two coupling apertures (3) lay respectively at main little band (1) and secondary little band (2) intersects near two relative summits of the parallelogram that constitutes after overlooking direction projection.
4. according to any described microstrip directional coupler among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the little band of said master (1) Huo and secondary little band (2) are connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102826892A CN102820511A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Microstrip directional coupler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102826892A CN102820511A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Microstrip directional coupler |
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| CN102820511A true CN102820511A (en) | 2012-12-12 |
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| CN2012102826892A Pending CN102820511A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Microstrip directional coupler |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103022620A (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-04-03 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | High-directivity compact type directional coupler |
| US10651528B2 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2020-05-12 | Maury Microwave, Inc. | Broadband directional couplers for TEM and quasi-TEM mode guides and lines |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63300606A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1988-12-07 | A T R Koudenpa Tsushin Kenkyusho:Kk | Directional coupler |
| JP2005020636A (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-20 | Nec Engineering Ltd | Cross directional coupler |
| CN201540939U (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-08-04 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Improved waveguide broadside microwave frequency band combiner |
| JP2011249989A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-12-08 | Kyocera Corp | Directional coupler |
| CN202749492U (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2013-02-20 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Micro-strip directional coupler |
-
2012
- 2012-08-10 CN CN2012102826892A patent/CN102820511A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63300606A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1988-12-07 | A T R Koudenpa Tsushin Kenkyusho:Kk | Directional coupler |
| JP2005020636A (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-20 | Nec Engineering Ltd | Cross directional coupler |
| CN201540939U (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-08-04 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Improved waveguide broadside microwave frequency band combiner |
| JP2011249989A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-12-08 | Kyocera Corp | Directional coupler |
| CN202749492U (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2013-02-20 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Micro-strip directional coupler |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103022620A (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-04-03 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | High-directivity compact type directional coupler |
| US10651528B2 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2020-05-12 | Maury Microwave, Inc. | Broadband directional couplers for TEM and quasi-TEM mode guides and lines |
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Application publication date: 20121212 |