CN102768370B - Based on hydraulically created fracture monitoring device and the monitoring method of dynamic electric coupling - Google Patents
Based on hydraulically created fracture monitoring device and the monitoring method of dynamic electric coupling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulically created fracture monitoring device based on dynamic electric coupling and monitoring method.Device mainly by front end conditioning module, data acquisition module and main control module three part form.Monitoring method comprises: determine to lay electrode radius and number of poles, and centered by fractured well, use GPS location angularly to lay a circle receiving electrode counterclockwise, well head arranges a reference electrode, and is connected with monitoring device respectively by cable by all electrodes; Host computer moves electric coupling potential data by monitoring device to each passage and automatically gathers and store, and by USB, the dynamic electric coupling potential data collected is delivered to host computer and carries out data interpretation.Multidirectional fracturing fracture trend can be monitored; GPS is adopted to guarantee that each receiving electrode is accurately located; Solve the problem that result of detection exceedes actual flaw size, give the result of detection in actual crack, improve the accuracy of Crack Monitoring, and achieve hydraulically created fracture Real-Time Monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the geophysical exploration method in a kind of field of oil development, especially based on dynamic electric coupling hydraulically created fracture monitoring device and monitoring method.
Background technology
Waterfrac treatment has been widely used in modern petroleum industry as the major measure of frscturing, and China oil field widely uses ground micro-seismic and well ground electrical method realizes hydraulically created fracture monitoring.But the leak-off regional issue that in all not mentioned hydraulic fracturing process, fracturing liquid produces around crack, such as: the patent No. is that CN102466811A discloses a kind of micro-earthquake monitoring system and method, although decrease the microearthquake measurement data needing transmission on original microearthquake detection method basis, improve transfer efficiency, reduce acquisition cost, but reckon without the impact of leak-off region on result of detection.The patent No. be CN1536373 patent discloses a kind of network charging potential method, propose a kind of well-earth potential monitoring method, the object of detection downhole fluid geometry parameter can be reached, but reckon without the impact of leak-off region on result of detection.Above method can realize hydraulically created fracture monitoring, but all there is following problem:
1, ground micro-seismic monitoring method, because formation fracture is caused by change of stress field in hydraulic fracturing process, fracturing liquid inevitably to stratum leak-off, creates leak-off region under crack and the effect of reservoir pressure difference.Therefore except at crack boundary place, also micro-seismic event can be brought out in leak-off region, thus the Crack Monitoring result that result in microearthquake method to exceed actual crack boundary usually;
2, well-earth potential, electric potential gradient monitoring method, due to well ground electrical survey is the change in resistance of reservoir before and after pressure break, and the leak-off region around crack is due to of the fracturing fluid seepage, resistivity also changes (reduction), and therefore the fracture morphology result of detection of well ground electrical method also will exceed actual flaw size usually.
Thus all there is the problem that Crack Monitoring result exceedes actual flaw size in micro-seismic method and well ground electrical method.This patent proposes a kind of based on dynamic electric coupling hydraulically created fracture monitoring method, solve the problem that monitoring result exceedes actual flaw size, this method cost is low simultaneously, field conduct convenient, and the dynamic monitoring display in crack can be carried out, there is not yet close document or patent report at home.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of hydraulically created fracture monitoring device based on dynamic electric coupling;
Another object of the present invention proposes a kind of hydraulically created fracture monitoring method based on dynamic electric coupling.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Based on the hydraulically created fracture monitoring device of dynamic electric coupling, be connected with MUX respectively with signalling channel by calibration module, grounding resistance measurement module, MUX is connected with host computer with microcontroller through Signal-regulated kinase, ADC, FIFO, host computer is connected with MUX through function selecting module, microcontroller connects through CPLD and ADC, CPLD and FIFO connects, and calibration module is connected with microcontroller with DAC through switch, or Signal-regulated kinase connects and composes through switch and DAC and microcontroller.
Based on the monitoring method of the hydraulically created fracture of dynamic electric coupling, comprise the following steps:
Preliminary work before a, test, according to monitor well well site condition, surrounding enviroment, fractured well perforation distribution mode determination cloth polar radius and cloth pole number: cloth pole number normally: number=360, cloth pole °/(2* take measurement of an angle error) calculates setting;
Cloth polar radius usually using 1/2-1/3 of well depth as hypothesis radius, is moved electric coupling current potential according to each passage of following formulae discovery, the maximum radius that dynamic electric coupling current potential meets instrumental resolution is decided to be actual cloth polar radius
:
X direction electric field:
Y direction electric field:
Resultant field amplitude:
, total field phase:
,
Cloth polar radius:
, sensing point and transverse axis angle:
Dynamic electric coupling current potential:
,
Wherein:
,
,
be electric coupling field source
(i.e. pressure break split place) (x
i, y
i,
) to the distance of observation station (x, y, z), sensing point at ground and z=0,
,
for of the fracturing fluid conductivity,
for the current source that dynamic electric coupling produces,
for injecting fracturing liquid speed,
for permeability of vacuum,
for the crack occurrence moment;
B, monitoring field are arranged, according to actual environment around monitor well, centered by fractured well, with the R of a step gained for radius, selected a direction is first passage; Calculate gained number cloth receiving electrode 1 by number=360, a step cloth pole °/(2* take measurement of an angle error) to establish, lay a circle receiving electrode 1 with GPS location is angularly radial counterclockwise; Arrange a reference electrode 2 at well head, and all electrodes are connected with monitoring device 5 respectively by cable, complete site layout project;
C, self-inspection, by the microprocessor controls function selecting module of monitoring device before monitoring, calibration module is accessed monitoring device, monitoring device is calibrated, whether the ground connection of detection signal receiving electrode 1 and reference electrode 2 good afterwards, with guarantee all electrodes and ground-coupled good;
D, monitoring device parameter is set, the monitoring mode chosen according to actual field and detection requirement carry out monitoring device optimum configurations, and comprise sampling rate, acquisition time, store path parameter, optimum configurations is complete, monitoring device enters acquisition state, waits for hydraulic fracturing;
E, start monitoring, the dynamic electric coupling potential data that host computer carries out each passage by the main control module of monitoring device and acquisition module simultaneously automatically gathers and stores, and the data collected are delivered to host computer by USB and carried out data interpretation by microcontroller;
F, data interpretation, move electric coupling potential data by each passage and be designated as
, host computer draws out data and curves automatically according to potential data, afterwards basis
trend judgement fracturing fracture cracking moment, duration and fracture orientation over time;
Concrete basis for estimation is: a certain passage or a few passage move electric coupling potential data start decline moment be the crack occurrence moment, it is the crack duration that crack occurrence moment to all passages move electric coupling potential data moment that all starts to decline, the obvious passage preliminary judgement of spike of data and curves is fracture orientation, on this basis by each channel data of forward modelling
(i=1,2 ..., and electric coupling potential curve dynamic with actual measurement 18)
matching, when meet (
-
)/
the fracture orientation of theoretical model during error of fitting is real fracture orientation.
The present invention is passive source metering system, and in fracturing process when frac pressure breaks through reservoir rock parting pressure, fracturing liquid breaks through formation rock in the more weak direction of stress field, forms crack.Because there is negative net charge on most rock forming mineral surface, positive ion near attracting in fracturing liquid, electrostatic double layer is produced between the fracturing liquid and formation rock of thickness, the unbalance formation electric field of electrostatic double layer charge structure under pressure break high pressure, positive ion in electrostatic double layer flows along the gradient direction of frac pressure and forms streaming current (streaming current, also referred to as filter current), the potential difference (PD) that two ends produce is called streaming potential or electrofiltration potential (streaming potential), and this is the individual process by " moving " generation " electricity ".Then cause dynamic electric coupling potential change by streaming current, therefore in fracturing process, the dynamic electric coupling potential change of monitoring can obtain fracturing fracture information.Due to " field source " in the method with the electrostatic double layer of fracturing liquid and formation rock for border, microseism can be solved, problem that well ground electrical method Crack Monitoring result exceedes crack boundary.
beneficial effect:
Multi-channel synchronous data acquisition can monitor multidirectional fracturing fracture trend; Adopt GPS can guarantee that each receiving electrode is accurately located; Solve based on dynamic electric coupling hydraulically created fracture monitoring method the problem that result of detection exceedes actual flaw size, give the result of detection in actual crack, improve the accuracy of Crack Monitoring, achieve hydraulically created fracture Real-Time Monitoring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hydraulically created fracture monitoring device structured flowchart based on dynamic electric coupling.
Fig. 2 is based on dynamic electric coupling hydraulically created fracture monitoring field schematic diagram
1 receiving electrode, 2 reference electrodes, 3 fractured wells, 4 cables, 5 monitoring devices, 6 positive ions, 7 cracks, 8 fracturing liquids, 9 negative ions.
Fig. 3 is that each monitoring channel of example 1 moves electric coupling potential data
Fig. 4 is that each monitoring channel of example 2 moves electric coupling potential data
1 the 1st passage moves electric coupling potential data, and 2 the 2nd passages move electric coupling potential data,
3 3-18 passages move electric coupling potential data, 4 crack duration, 5 crack occurrence moment.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Based on the hydraulically created fracture monitoring device of dynamic electric coupling, be connected with MUX respectively with signalling channel by calibration module, grounding resistance measurement module, MUX is connected with host computer with microcontroller through Signal-regulated kinase, ADC, FIFO, host computer is connected with MUX through function selecting module, microcontroller connects through CPLD and ADC, CPLD and FIFO connects, and calibration module is connected with microcontroller with DAC through switch, or Signal-regulated kinase connects and composes through switch and DAC and microcontroller.
Based on dynamic electric coupling hydraulically created fracture monitoring device mainly by front end conditioning module, data acquisition module and main control module three part form.Before operative installations, need first to calibrate device, the MUX of this timer is connected with calibration module.Device judges electrode ground state afterwards, and namely MUX is connected with grounding resistance measurement module.After above-mentioned two tests are normal, device entering signal pre-acquired state, namely MUX is connected with signalling channel, starts the work of data pre-acquired.Device first gathers spontaneous potential, feeds back to input end afterwards biased to offset according to spontaneous potential size by D/A.Programmable amplifier selects suitable enlargement factor to meet the requirement of ADC quantized interval according to signal actual size.Under CPLD sequential control, simulating signal is converted into digital signal, and through the speeds match of FIFO, digital signal is sent to host computer by USB transmission line under control of the microprocessor and carries out data processing.
Based on the monitoring method of the hydraulically created fracture of dynamic electric coupling, comprise the following steps:
Preliminary work before a, test, according to monitor well well site condition, surrounding enviroment, fractured well perforation distribution mode determination cloth polar radius and cloth pole number: cloth pole number normally: number=360, cloth pole °/(2* take measurement of an angle error) calculates setting;
Cloth polar radius usually using 1/2-1/3 of well depth as hypothesis radius, is moved electric coupling current potential according to each passage of following formulae discovery, the maximum radius that dynamic electric coupling current potential meets instrumental resolution is decided to be actual cloth polar radius
:
X direction electric field:
Y direction electric field:
Resultant field amplitude:
, total field phase:
,
Cloth polar radius:
, sensing point and transverse axis angle:
Dynamic electric coupling current potential:
,
Wherein:
,
,
be electric coupling field source
(i.e. pressure break split place) (x
i, y
i,
) to the distance of observation station (x, y, z), sensing point is at ground and z=0.
,
for of the fracturing fluid conductivity,
for the current source that dynamic electric coupling produces,
for injecting fracturing liquid speed,
for permeability of vacuum,
for the crack occurrence moment.
B, monitoring field are arranged, according to actual environment around monitor well, centered by fractured well, with the R of a step gained for radius, selected a direction is first passage; Calculate gained number cloth receiving electrode 1 by number=360, a step cloth pole °/(2* take measurement of an angle error) to establish, lay a circle receiving electrode 1 with GPS location is angularly radial counterclockwise; Arrange a reference electrode 2 at well head, and all electrodes are connected with monitoring device 5 respectively by cable, complete site layout project;
C, self-inspection, by the microprocessor controls function selecting module of monitoring device before monitoring, calibration module is accessed monitoring device, monitoring device is calibrated, whether the ground connection of detection signal receiving electrode 1 and reference electrode 2 good afterwards, with guarantee all electrodes and ground-coupled good;
D, monitoring device parameter is set, the monitoring mode chosen according to actual field and detection requirement carry out monitoring device optimum configurations, and comprise sampling rate, acquisition time, store path parameter, optimum configurations is complete, monitoring device enters acquisition state, waits for hydraulic fracturing;
E, start monitoring, the dynamic electric coupling potential data that host computer carries out each passage by the main control module of monitoring device and acquisition module simultaneously automatically gathers and stores, and the data collected are delivered to host computer by USB and carried out data interpretation by microcontroller;
F, data interpretation, move electric coupling potential data by each passage and be designated as
, host computer draws out data and curves automatically according to potential data, afterwards basis
trend judgement fracturing fracture cracking moment, duration and fracture orientation over time;
Concrete basis for estimation is: a certain passage or a few passage move electric coupling potential data start decline moment be the crack occurrence moment, it is the crack duration that crack occurrence moment to all passages move electric coupling potential data moment that all starts to decline, the obvious passage preliminary judgement of spike of data and curves is fracture orientation, on this basis by each channel data of forward modelling
(i=1,2 ..., and electric coupling potential curve dynamic with actual measurement 18)
matching, when meet (
-
)/
the fracture orientation of theoretical model during error of fitting is real fracture orientation.
Realize forward modeling method of the present invention:
1, the dynamic electrical field source computing method of electric coupling
When carrying out hydraulic fracturing method and carrying out oil exploitation, the split pressure gradient in direction of crack causes fracturing liquid to flow, thus in crack electrostatic double layer generation current density:
P is frac pressure, and L (Am/N) is coefficient,
direction unit vector, if fracture length is
, thickness 2
, fracturing liquid injection rate is Q, viscosity
, the fracturing liquid leading edge flowing length of lag
if, hypothesis
, so pressure gradient can be expressed as
(1)
Therefore current density
(2)
With
source-the function of time of definition streaming current density, when fracturing liquid flows to certain point
time, when t=0, field source intensity is maximum, and after flowing through this point, the field source of this point is decayed with e index, and amplitude is determined by the delayed length in source and velocity of propagation, namely
(3)
Wherein,
,
for time delay, attenuation constant
be directly proportional to crack occurrence speed.By pressure break physical simulation experiment, determine the coefficient L in formula (1), (2), (3),
,
deng.
2, dynamic electric coupling field source electric field forward modelling method
The electromagnetic field that dynamic electric coupling field source (i.e. pressure break split place) produces obtains through superposition calculation by the little driving source in fluid front.Space
place's driving source current density
the Annual distribution of the field produced, produces frequency domain field and driving source Laplace transformation by impulse sources
the inverse Laplace transformation of product calculates and obtains.
Impulse field source (current density)
laplace transformation be
,
represent the small neighbourhood current density source in fracturing liquid flowing front, so time domain electric field, each component in magnetic field are respectively
,
,
, wherein (
) electromagnetic field of each component that produces for desirable impulse response field source.Therefore, the electromagnetic field that micro-current density unit of transition decay produces can be expressed as:
，
，
，
Wherein:
,
,
be the distance of electric coupling field source (i.e. pressure break split place) to observation station.
When considering the situation of motion of dynamic electric coupling field source, assuming that crack is with constant speed
diffusion, in this case, the position in source is
,
Sensing point (x, y, z) and dynamic electric coupling field source (namely pressure break is split and located) point (x
i, y
i,
) distance is:
, then field superposition can with about
integral expression as follows:
X direction electric field:
Y direction electric field:
Wherein:
for the crack occurrence moment.
Resultant field amplitude:
, total field phase:
,
Sensing point radius:
, sensing point and transverse axis angle:
According to
obtain the dynamic electric coupling potential value of each sensing point.
Hydraulically created fracture monitoring specific works process based on dynamic electric coupling is as follows:
According to Oil Field environment, a ring signal receiving electrode is laid centered by fractured well, a reference electrode is laid at well head, and each signal-receiving electrode is connected respectively in each acquisition channel of monitoring device by cable, each signal-receiving electrode is equipped with GPS locating module, and its each electrode can accurately be located.
embodiment 1
Hydraulically created fracture monitoring method based on dynamic electric coupling adopts Real-Time Monitoring mode, and after arranging the monitoring field of fractured well, start the monitoring of pressure break overall process, concrete steps are as follows:
1, the preliminary work before test.Comprise and consider monitor well well site condition, surrounding enviroment, fractured well perforation distribution mode, take measurement of an angle error ± 10 °, according to number=360, formula cloth pole °/(2*10 °), calculating setting cloth pole number is 18, and by well depth 850m 1/2 supposition radius according to following formula determination cloth polar radius:
X direction electric field:
Y direction electric field:
Resultant field amplitude:
, total field phase:
,
Cloth polar radius:
, sensing point and transverse axis angle:
Dynamic electric coupling current potential:
,
Wherein:
,
,
be electric coupling field source
(i.e. pressure break split place) (x
i, y
i,
) to the distance of observation station (x, y, z), sensing point is at ground and z=0.
,
for of the fracturing fluid conductivity,
for the current source that dynamic electric coupling produces,
for injecting fracturing liquid speed,
for permeability of vacuum,
for the crack occurrence moment.
Calculate each passage and move electric coupling potential value
, meet instrumental resolution 1
the best cloth polar radius of scope be 400m;
2, monitoring field is arranged.According to actual environment around monitor well, centered by fractured well, selected direction, due east is first passage, GPS location is used angularly to lay a ring signal receiving electrode counterclockwise, a reference electrode is arranged at well head, and all electrodes are connected with monitoring device respectively by cable, complete site layout project;
3, self-inspection, by microprocessor controls function selecting module, calibration module is accessed in receiver system calibrating before monitoring, connect grounding resistance measurement module afterwards to judge all electrode ground states, to guarantee the accuracy of measurement data, after two self-inspections complete, carry out monitoring device optimum configurations;
4, the monitoring mode chosen according to actual field and detection requirement carry out monitoring device optimum configurations, comprise that setting sampling rate is 50KHz, acquisition time is 100s, store path be D HFP_850.txt, enter acquisition state, treat that hydraulic fracturing process is monitored;
5, monitoring starts, and host computer starts automatically to gather and the dynamic electric coupling potential data storing each passage by main control module and acquisition module simultaneously, and the data collected are delivered to host computer by USB and carried out data interpretation by control module.
6, data interpretation, each passage collected moves electric coupling potential data and is sent to host computer, is designated as
, draw out each channel plot figure as shown in Figure 3, basis afterwards
trend judgement fracturing fracture cracking moment, duration and fracture orientation over time.Show that the cracking moment is the 5th second according to channel plot situation of change each in Fig. 3, the moment that first starts to decline is the 19th second, the crack duration is 19-5=14 second, the obvious passage of spike of data and curves is the 1st passage and the 2nd passage, then preliminary judgement fracture orientation is between the 1st passage and the 2nd passage, and be partial to first passage, 1st passage is direction, due east, namely show that fracture orientation is within the scope of 10 °, east by north, the crack angle that setting is different within the scope of 0 °-10 ° afterwards, moves electric coupling potential data by each passage of forward modelling
(i=1,2 ... 18), and electric coupling potential curve matching dynamic with actual measurement, when meeting (
-
)/
* 100%
fracture orientation when 2% is 4 °, east by north.
embodiment 2
1, the preliminary work before test.Comprise and consider monitor well well site condition, surrounding enviroment, fractured well perforation distribution mode, by error ± 10 ° of taking measurement of an angle according to number=360, formula cloth pole °/(2*10 °), calculating setting cloth pole number is 18, and by well depth 900m 1/3 supposition radius according to following formula determination cloth polar radius:
X direction electric field:
Y direction electric field:
Resultant field amplitude:
, total field phase:
,
Cloth polar radius:
, sensing point and transverse axis angle:
Dynamic electric coupling current potential:
,
Wherein:
,
,
be electric coupling field source (i.e. pressure break split place) (x
i, y
i,
) to the distance of observation station (x, y, z), sensing point is at ground and z=0.
,
for of the fracturing fluid conductivity,
for the current source that dynamic electric coupling produces,
for injecting fracturing liquid speed,
for permeability of vacuum,
for the crack occurrence moment.
Calculate each passage and move electric coupling potential value
, meet instrumental resolution 1
the best cloth polar radius of scope be 300m;
2, monitoring field is arranged.According to actual environment around monitor well, centered by fractured well, selected direction, due east is first passage, GPS location is used angularly to lay a ring signal receiving electrode counterclockwise, arrange a reference electrode at well head, and all electrodes are connected with receiver by cable, complete site layout project.
3, self-inspection, by microprocessor controls function selecting module calibration module accessed in receiver system before monitoring and calibrate, connect grounding resistance measurement module afterwards to judge electrode ground state, to guarantee the accuracy of measurement data, after two tests are normal, receiver enters acquisition state, treats that hydraulic fracturing process is monitored.
4, receiver parameters is arranged.The monitoring mode chosen according to actual field and detection requirement carry out receiver parameters setting, comprise that setting sampling rate is 50KHz, acquisition time is 100s, store path be D HFP_900.txt.
5, monitoring is started, after self-inspection work and receiver parameters are provided with, the dynamic electric coupling potential data that host computer starts to carry out each passage by main control module and acquisition module automatically gathers simultaneously and stores, and the data collected are delivered to host computer by USB and carried out data interpretation by control module.
6, data interpretation, each passage collected moves electric coupling potential data and is sent to host computer, is designated as
, draw out each channel plot figure as shown in Figure 4, basis afterwards
trend judgement fracturing fracture cracking moment, duration and fracture orientation over time.The each passage in this crack
(i=1,2,18), show that the cracking moment is the 13rd second according to channel plot situation of change each in Fig. 4, the moment that first starts to decline is the 28th second, then the crack duration is 28-13=15 second, the obvious passage of spike of data and curves is the 1st passage and the 2nd passage, then preliminary judgement fracture orientation is between the 1st passage and the 2nd passage, and is partial to first passage, 1st passage is direction, due east, namely show that fracture orientation is within the scope of 10 °, east by north.The different crack angle of setting moves electric coupling potential data by each passage of forward modelling within the scope of 0 °-10 ° more afterwards
(i=1,2 ... 18), and electric coupling potential curve matching dynamic with actual measurement, when meeting (
-
)/
* 100%
the fracture orientation of theoretical model when 2% is 7 °, east by north.
Claims (1)
1. the monitoring method based on the hydraulically created fracture monitoring device of dynamic electric coupling, based on the hydraulically created fracture monitoring device of dynamic electric coupling, by calibration module, grounding resistance measurement module is connected with MUX respectively with signalling channel, MUX is through Signal-regulated kinase, ADC, FIFO is connected with host computer with microcontroller, host computer is connected with MUX through function selecting module, microcontroller connects through CPLD and ADC, CPLD and FIFO connects, calibration module is connected with microcontroller with DAC through switch, or Signal-regulated kinase connects and composes through switch and DAC and microcontroller, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Preliminary work before a, test, according to monitor well well site condition, surrounding enviroment, fractured well perforation distribution mode determination cloth polar radius and cloth pole number: cloth pole number normally: number=360, cloth pole °/(2* take measurement of an angle error) calculates setting;
Cloth polar radius usually using 1/2-1/3 of well depth as hypothesis radius, is moved electric coupling current potential according to each passage of following formulae discovery, the maximum radius that dynamic electric coupling current potential meets instrumental resolution is decided to be actual cloth polar radius
:
X direction electric field:
y direction electric field:
Resultant field amplitude:
, total field phase:
,
Cloth polar radius:
, sensing point and transverse axis angle:
Dynamic electric coupling current potential:
,
Wherein:
，
Be electric coupling field source (x
i, y
i,
) to the distance of observation station (x, y, z), sensing point at ground and z=0,
,
for of the fracturing fluid conductivity,
for the current source that dynamic electric coupling produces,
for injecting fracturing liquid speed,
for permeability of vacuum,
for the moment is split in crack;
B, monitoring field are arranged, according to actual environment around monitor well, centered by fractured well, selected a direction is first passage, use counterclockwise angularly radial laying one circle receiving electrode (1) in GPS location, arrange a reference electrode (2) at well head, and all electrodes are connected with monitoring device (5) respectively by cable, complete site layout project;
C, self-inspection, by the PC control function selecting module of monitoring device before monitoring, calibration module is accessed monitoring device, monitoring device is calibrated, whether the ground connection detecting receiving electrode (1) and reference electrode (2) afterwards good, with guarantee all electrodes and ground-coupled good;
D, monitoring device parameter is set, the monitoring mode chosen according to actual field and detection requirement carry out monitoring device optimum configurations, and comprise sampling rate, acquisition time, store path parameter, optimum configurations is complete, monitoring device enters acquisition state, waits for hydraulic fracturing;
E, start monitoring, the dynamic electric coupling potential data that host computer carries out each passage by the main control module of monitoring device and acquisition module simultaneously automatically gathers and stores, and the data collected are delivered to host computer by USB and carried out data interpretation by microcontroller;
F, data interpretation, move electric coupling potential data by each passage and be designated as
, host computer according to potential data certainly
Move and draw out data and curves, basis afterwards
trend judgement fracturing fracture cracking moment, duration and fracture orientation over time;
Concrete basis for estimation is: a certain passage or a few passage move electric coupling potential data start decline moment be the crack occurrence moment, it is the crack duration that crack occurrence moment to all passages move electric coupling potential data moment that all starts to decline, the obvious passage preliminary judgement of spike of data and curves is fracture orientation, on this basis by each channel data of forward modelling
, and electric coupling potential curve dynamic with actual measurement
matching, when meet (
-
)/
the fracture orientation of theoretical model during error of fitting is real fracture orientation;
In formula: i=1,2 ... 18.
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