CN104375191B - A kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system and its acquisition method - Google Patents
A kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system and its acquisition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104375191B CN104375191B CN201410742428.3A CN201410742428A CN104375191B CN 104375191 B CN104375191 B CN 104375191B CN 201410742428 A CN201410742428 A CN 201410742428A CN 104375191 B CN104375191 B CN 104375191B
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Abstract
The magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention is including that can gather the data collection station of low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data simultaneously and can carry out the wideband magnetic field sensor of low-and high-frequency switching.The magnetotelluric data acquisition system and its acquisition method of the present invention is for different exploration purposes provided with 3 kinds of acquisition modes.Acquisition mode 1 gathers high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data；When being set to acquisition mode 2, in an arbitrary observation station, can be with acquisition order low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, and low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data can be merged in a wideband magnetotelluric data file；Acquisition mode 3 gathers low frequency magnetotelluric data.The acquisition system of the present invention has the advantages that production cost is low, data acquisition efficiency is high, field production operation is simple and reliable, the instrument and equipment that uses is few.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to applied geophysics Exploration Domain, and in particular to a kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system and its adopt
Diversity method.
Background technology
Magnetotelluric method (Magnetotellurie, abbreviation MT) in geophysical exploration, comes across last century 50 years
It is that the big vast promise husband (A.N.Tikhonov) of Ka Geniade (L.Cagniard) and the Soviet Union Ji of France proposes for initial stage.It
It is a kind of geophysical method by the use of Natural electromagnetic field as field source, also referred to as magnetotelluric method (The
Magnetotelluric Method).In a sense, it may be said that it is the development of telluric method.Work as alternating electromagnetic field
When in the form of ripple in underground propagation, reflection and refraction action occur on the interface of different medium, underground can be brought to be situated between
The information of matter resistivity distribution.Indeed through the earth's surface horizontal electric field component E measured under various frequenciesX(or EY), it is and orthogonal
Horizontal component ofmagnetic field HX(or HYThe ratio between), so as to reach the purpose for understanding underground electrical structure.
Audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic method (Audiomagnetotelluric method, abbreviation AMT) is one of magnetotelluric method
Branch.It is by the use of natural nagneto-telluric field as field source, to determine the electrical ginseng of subsurface rock as magnetotelluric method
Count, and reach understanding geological structure by studying the change of geoelectric cross section, look for the one of the geological targets such as ore deposit, water detection, Search For Oil And Gas
Plant geophysical exploration method.It is by observing the natural planes electromagnetic wave signal as caused by long-range atmospheric electricity with definitely lower electricity
The method of values of resistivity.Its frequency range measured is l0~10000 hertz, right because frequency is higher compared with magnetotelluric method
The resolution ratio of superficial part is higher, is more suitable for shallow geological structure investigation and resource exploration.
The magnetotelluric data that current field of geophysical exploration usually gathers low frequency respectively in same observation station is (several
Hundred hertz to several kiloseconds even tens of thousands of seconds) and high frequency or audio magnetotelluric data (l0~10000 hertz), then by two sets
Data are handled again after merging；The magnetotelluric data of low frequency can also be only gathered in an observation station, or only gathered
The magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio, to reduce data acquisition cost.When gathering the big of low frequency respectively in same observation station
During the magnetotelluric data of ground electromagnetic data and high frequency or audio, generally require using two kinds of different data collecting systems (such as
V5-2000, MTU and MTU-A instrument of Canadian phoenix company production), while also needing to use the mt of low frequency respectively
Magnetic field sensor (such as MTC-50 the or MTC-80H bar magnets of Canadian phoenix company) gathers the geomagnetic field data and height of low frequency
Frequency or the mt magnetic field sensor of audio (such as the AMTC-30 bar magnets of Canadian phoenix company) are come gathering high frequency or audio
Geomagnetic field data.The magnetotelluric data of this traditional separated collection low frequency and the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio
Acquisition mode, must change magnetic field sensor during field operation, also need to change data acquisition instrument sometimes, field operation is multiple
Miscellaneous, efficiency is low, and cost is high, greatly constrains the development that high-efficiency and low-cost gathers wideband magnetotelluric data technology.In addition,
Inventor also found in practice process, due to being largely used to the magnetotelluric system of oil exploration and deep-level rockburst detection
A quasi-instrument is often used, collection information redundancy and waste are caused when causing applied to oil exploration, i.e., when collection low frequency the earth
During electromagnetic data, low frequency acquisition time is oversize, and acquisition time is accounted for mostly, causes low production efficiency, and low-frequency information is not used
On, the depth of this part frequency reflection is commonly greater than 10km；And during applied to infrastructure exploration, for the high-frequency information of collection
There is redundancy again, sample rate height causes committed memory big, influence prolonged acquired data storage, and HFS Frequency point
Many, reflection deep frequency is few.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to solve to need to use two kinds of different data collecting systems point in the prior art
Not Cai Ji low frequency magnetotelluric data and the technical problem of magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio can be same there is provided one kind
One observation station gathers the acquisition system and its acquisition method of wideband magnetotelluric data.
A kind of technical scheme of magnetotelluric data acquisition system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system, including magnetotelluric data acquisition station, magnetic field sensor and electric field sensing
Device, the magnetic field sensor and the electric-field sensor are connected with the magnetotelluric data acquisition station, it is characterised in that institute
It is that frequency response scope covers low frequency geomagnetic field and high frequency or audio geomagnetic field frequency band range simultaneously to state magnetic field sensor
Wideband magnetic field sensor.
The wideband magnetic field sensor includes low frequency magnetic field sensor and high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor, the low-frequency magnetic
Alternating between field sensor and the high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor switches by electronic switch control.The mt number
Include electric field data acquisition channel and magnetic field data acquisition channel according to acquisition station, the electric field data acquisition channel is in low frequency the earth
Alternately switch between electric field and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric field, the magnetic field data acquisition channel is in low frequency geomagnetic field and high frequency
Or alternately switch between audio geomagnetic field.The electric field data acquisition channel and the magnetic field data acquisition channel include low frequency
Analog-digital converter and high frequency analog-digital converter, the alternating between the low frequency analog-digital converter and the high frequency analog-digital converter are cut
Change by electronic switch control.
Preferably, the electronic switch of the electric field data acquisition channel, the electronic switch of the magnetic field data acquisition channel
Electronic switch timed delivery with the wideband magnetic field sensor is for switching.
Preferably, the acquisition system has 3 kinds of acquisition modes, the collection high frequency of acquisition mode 1 or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data,
The acquisition order low frequency magnetotelluric data of acquisition mode 2 and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, the collection low frequency of acquisition mode 3 are big
Ground electromagnetic data.In the acquisition mode 2, the acquisition system is by low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric
Magnetic data merges in a wideband magnetotelluric data file.
A kind of technical scheme of magnetotelluric data acquisition method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition method, it is characterised in that the acquisition method includes：
Determine acquisition time, acquisition mode and acquisition parameter；
Determine geographical coordinate and the data record time of observation station；
Telluric electricity field data are gathered with electric-field sensor, geomagnetic field data are gathered with wideband magnetic field sensor；
The telluric electricity field data and the geomagnetic field data collected are handled and explained.
A kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system provided in an embodiment of the present invention and its acquisition method can be arbitrary one
Individual observation station, gathers the magnetotelluric data of low frequency and the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio, that is, gathers wideband mt
Data.The magnetotelluric data acquisition system has that production cost is low, data acquisition efficiency is high, field production operation simply may be used
The advantages of instrument and equipment lean on, used is few, in the investigation of study on geological tectonics, underground water and geothermal energy resources, mineral resources and oil
And the field such as the exploration of natural gas resource has a wide range of applications.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, may be used also
To obtain other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is magnetotelluric data acquisition system structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is magnetotelluric data acquisition station structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is any magnetic field channel structural representation of magnetotelluric data acquisition station of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a are any magnetic field sensor functional schematics of magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is any electric field channel structural representation of magnetotelluric data acquisition station of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is magnetotelluric data acquisition method flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, it is real below in conjunction with the application
The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example only some embodiments of the present application, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, this area is common
The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the application protection
Scope.
It is below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real to enable above-mentioned purpose, the feature and advantage of the application more obvious understandable
Mode is applied to be described in further detail the application.
In the following description, the frequency range of low frequency magnetotelluric data is 0.00001~300 hertz；High frequency or audio
The frequency range of magnetotelluric data is 10~10000 hertz；Wideband magnetotelluric data includes low frequency mt (MT)
Data and high frequency or audio magnetotelluric method (AMT) data, frequency range are 0.00001~10000 hertz.
Such as Fig. 1, the figure shows a kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention, including a earth electricity
Magnetic data acquisition station 1, GPS receiving antenna 2, wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3, electric-field sensor 4,5,6 and 7, magnetic field sensing
Device 9,10 and 11, grounding electrode 8.Magnetotelluric data acquisition station 1 can gather the magnetotelluric data and high frequency or sound of low frequency
The magnetotelluric data of frequency, i.e. the magnetotelluric data acquisition station can not only gather the magnetotelluric data of low frequency, additionally it is possible to
Gather the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio.Receive the electric-field sensor of electric field signal for two groups of orthogonal horizontal electrodes to 4,
5 (use EXRepresent) and 6,7 (use EYRepresent), the two component electrical field data for recording nagneto-telluric field, two groups of orthogonal level electricity
Extremely pair it is connected to simultaneously on data collection station 1, the electric field data recorded can be the telluric electricity field data of low frequency, can also be
The telluric electricity field data of high frequency or audio.Magnetic field sensor 9 (uses HZRepresent), 10 (use HXRepresent), 11 (use HYRepresent) it is 3
Frequency response scope can cover the wideband magnetic field of the geomagnetic field and high frequency of low frequency or the geomagnetic field frequency band range of audio simultaneously
Sensor, i.e. wideband magnetic field sensor not only can for measure low frequency geomagnetic field data, can also be used to measure high frequency
Or the geomagnetic field data of audio, 3 wideband magnetic field sensors are connected on data collection station 1 simultaneously, for recording the earth electricity
The three-component magnetic field data in magnetic field.Grounding electrode 8 is used to be grounded.GPS receiving antenna 2 be used for determine observation station geographical coordinate and
The data record time.Wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3 is used to set the acquisition mode of data collection station 1, acquisition time and adopted
Collect parameter, and monitor the working condition of magnetotelluric data acquisition system in real time.Preferably, the wideband magnetic field sensor is sense
Formula magnetic field sensor or fluxgate type magnetic field sensor are answered, the quantity of the wideband magnetic field sensor can also be 1,2
Or 3, a component, two components or 3 component magnetic field data for recording nagneto-telluric field respectively；Electric-field sensor can also be
Three groups of orthogonal horizontal electrodes pair, the three-component electric field data for recording nagneto-telluric field, three groups of orthogonal horizontal electrodes pair
It is connected to simultaneously on data collection station 1.
Such as Fig. 2, the figure shows the functional structure chart of data collection station 1.It is logical that data collection station 1 includes electric field data collection
Road, magnetic field data acquisition channel, master controller, acquisition software and data storage cell.Electric field data is gathered logical by master controller
The magnetic field data that the electric field data and magnetic field data acquisition channel that road is collected are collected is stored into data storage cell.Collection
Software includes User Interface and guidance panel, and system operators set magnetotelluric data to gather system by guidance panel
The acquisition mode and acquisition time of system, master controller perform the acquisition mode and acquisition time set.Acquisition mode is in collection work
Work is configured before starting by system operators according to the purpose of exploration project, and acquisition software has three kinds of acquisition modes, to shallow
Layer exploration is set to the magnetotelluric data of 1 mode, collection high frequency or audio, and sample rate is high, the main height for obtaining more than 10Hz
Frequency evidence, acquisition time is 2 hours or so；Be set to 2 modes to oil exploration, the magnetotelluric data of acquisition order low frequency and
The magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio, i.e., first gather low frequency magnetotelluric data, then with compared with high sampling rate gather high frequency or
The magnetotelluric data of audio, the main wideband magnetotelluric data for obtaining more than 0.001Hz, acquisition time is 8~12 hours
Left and right；3 modes are set to infrastructure, the magnetotelluric data of low frequency is gathered, it is main to obtain as little as 10-5Hz data, are adopted
The collection time is more than 5 days.The acquisition time of general low frequency Magnetotelluric signal is about that high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic signal are adopted
5~10 times of collection time.When acquisition mode is set to 2 mode, set by advance programming, acquisition software reads data and deposited
The magnetotelluric data and high frequency or the magnetotelluric data of audio of low frequency in storage unit, by computing and processing, are gathered soft
Part again merges these data in a wideband magnetotelluric data file, and these instructions are completed by master controller
's.Due to having a bit of heavy between the front end and high frequency of low frequency magnetotelluric data or the low frequency end of audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data
There is the frequency of a bit of repetition between the frequency range of multiple data, i.e., two, the computing and the process handled are will to repeat frequency range
Data average after as the frequency range data, and merge together with other low frequencies and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data
Into a wideband magnetotelluric data file.Acquisition time is by system operators according to the actual nagneto-telluric field of observation station
Signal characteristic and noise level, by once or after collection experiment work for several times can just decide.When acquisition mode and collection
Between can directly select the acquisition mode and acquisition time that have set in systems in advance, can also be directly in acquisition software
Guidance panel on be configured, the modes such as Wi-Fi and bluetooth can also be used to program the collection of setting in remote terminal
Mode and acquisition time are input in magnetotelluric data acquisition system.Preferably, magnetotelluric data acquisition system can have 2
Or 3 electric field data acquisition channels and 3 magnetic field data acquisition channels；It is corresponding, when have 2 electric field data acquisition channels and
During 3 magnetic field data acquisition channels, magnetotelluric data acquisition system is 5 passage electromagnetic data acquisition systems, when there is 3 electric fields
When data acquisition channel and 3 magnetic field data acquisition channels, magnetotelluric data acquisition system is 6 passage electromagnetic datas collection system
System；Corresponding, data storage cell is made up of the storage card of 5 or 6 64GB capacity, is adopted for each electric field and magnetic field data
Collect passage, have the storage card of 1 64GB capacity connected, master controller is by the magnetotelluric data of the low frequency collected
On the storage card for the 64GB capacity being stored in the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio on each data acquisition channel plate.Remotely
The preferred notebook computer of terminal or palm PC.
Fig. 3 shows any magnetic field channel line schematic diagram of data collection station 1, and Fig. 4 shows appointing for data collection station 1
One electric field channel line schematic diagram.The input of each electric field or magnetic field data acquisition channel has the preposition of low noise
Amplifier 13, the output end of preamplifier 13 is connected to the modulus switching device 16,17 of two different frequencies simultaneously, wherein 16
It is low frequency modulus switching device, the magnetotelluric data for gathering low frequency；17 be high frequency modulus switching device, for gathering height
The magnetotelluric data of frequency or audio, the output end of modulus switching device 16,17 and the data storage cell of data collection station 1
The storage card 18 of 64GB capacity is connected.Automatic alternately switching between the modulus switching device of two kinds of different frequencies is adopted by data
The electronic switch 14,15 at collection station 1 is controlled.Preferably, low frequency modulus switching device 16 is 32 4000 hertz of analog-digital converter,
High frequency modulus switching device 17 is 24 more than 50000 hertz of analog-digital converter.As shown in figure 3, wideband magnetic field sensor 12
It is connected with preamplifier 13, the geomagnetic field signal that wideband magnetic field sensor 12 is measured passes through the defeated of preamplifier 13
Go out end and sequentially enter low frequency modulus switching device 16 or high frequency modulus switching device 17, finally storage of the storage to 64GB capacity
On card 18.Wideband magnetic field sensor 12 can be in Fig. 1 magnetotelluric data acquisition systems in wideband magnetic field sensor 9,10,11
Any one, and wideband magnetic field sensor 12 frequency response scope can low frequency geomagnetic field and high frequency or audio
Geomagnetic field frequency band range between alternately switch, i.e. the frequency response scope of wideband magnetic field sensor 12 has 2 patterns, mould
The frequency response scope of formula 1 covers the geomagnetic field of low frequency, the frequency response scope covering high frequency or the big earth magnetism of audio of pattern 2
, wideband magnetic field sensor 12 can replace between pattern 1 and pattern 2 and switch.As shown in figure 4, unpolarizable electrode is to 19,20
It is connected with preamplifier 13, unpolarizable electrode passes through preamplifier 13 to the telluric electricity field signal that 19,20 measure
Output end sequentially enters low frequency modulus switching device 16 or high frequency modulus switching device 17, finally stores depositing to 64GB capacity
In card storage 18.Fig. 3 a show the functional structure chart (the link position relation between induction coil) of wideband magnetic field sensor 12.
Wideband magnetic field sensor 12 includes a low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and a high frequency magnetic field sensor 22, low frequency magnetic field sensor
21 induction coil and the induction coil of high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 are wound on same magnetic core (being not shown) jointly.
The automatic electronic switch 23 alternately switched by data collection station 1 between the induction coil of the magnetic field sensor of two different frequencies
Control.Low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 are encapsulated as a bar magnet (magnetic field sensor), wideband magnetic
A data are shared after low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 encapsulation of field sensor 12 and power supply source line connects
Mouth (joint).Electronic switch 23 and electronic switch 14,15 are synchronous by data acquisition software set in advance by master controller
Control, realizes timed delivery for switching, i.e. the electronic switch Synchronization Control low frequency analog-digital converter of magnetotelluric data acquisition system
Timed delivery between 16 and high frequency analog-digital converter 17 and between low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 is replaced
Switching.I.e. when data collection station 1 gathers the magnetotelluric data of low frequency, all electric fields and magnetic field data acquisition channel are automatic
The low frequency modulus switching device 16 and low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 of 32 4000 hertz of connection；When data collection station 1 gathers high frequency
Or audio magnetotelluric data when, 24 more than 50000 hertz of all electric fields and magnetic field data acquisition channel turn on automatically
High frequency modulus switching device 17 and high frequency magnetic field sensor 22.Preferably, electronic switch 14,15 and 23 is opened for programmable electronic
Close, realized by software control, by software timing hardware switch can also be controlled to realize.
Because the low frequency induction coil and radio-frequency induction coil of wideband magnetic field sensor 12 are wound on same magnetic core jointly
On, low frequency magnetic field sensor 21 and high frequency magnetic field sensor 22 are encapsulated as a bar magnet (magnetic field sensor), share one
Switching between data and power supply source line interface (joint), and two induction coils is automatically controlled by electronic switch.Therefore it is wide
The manufacturing cost reduction of frequency magnetic field sensor 12, and improved in the functional reliability of collection site, and then cause this Shen
Please the data acquisition efficiency of magnetotelluric data acquisition system of embodiment be greatly improved, set while reducing data acquisition
Standby cost.
The magnetotelluric data acquisition system course of work of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows：
Before collecting work starts, it is thus necessary to determine that the acquisition time of magnetotelluric data acquisition system, acquisition mode, collection
Parameter.Magnetotelluric data acquisition system gathers the magnetotelluric data and high frequency or the earth of audio of low frequency in any observation station
During electromagnetic data, required acquisition time by system operators according to the signal characteristic of the actual nagneto-telluric field of observation station and
Noise level, is set by once or after collection experiment work for several times deciding, and being programmed before data collection task starts.
Acquisition mode is configured before data collection task starts by operating personnel according to the purpose of exploration project.Acquisition parameter includes
Three-dimensional geographical coordinate, magnetic field and the electric field channel number of observation station, the azimuth in magnetic field and electric field, the ground connection electricity of electric field channel
Resistance, the model of each magnetic field sensor and sequence number, the demarcating file title of each magnetic field sensor, low frequency Magnetotelluric signal
Specific collection initial time and collection duration, weather condition, surface temperature and observation with high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic signal
The features such as the interference source near point；Acquisition parameter is carried out really at the scene by system operators according to the actual conditions of observation station
It is fixed, and be configured with remote terminal by wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3.
Before collecting work starts, in addition it is also necessary to first system is initialized and self-inspection, it is ensured that each module, each data
Passage, each pair electric-field sensor and each magnetic field sensor are working properly, then set or input pre-designed collection side
Formula, acquisition time and acquisition parameter, finally could log-on data collecting work.
When using magnetotelluric data acquisition system gathered data as shown in Figure 1, number is determined with GPS receiving antenna 2
Geographical coordinate and data record time according to observation station, data are set with remote terminal by wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3
The acquisition parameter of acquisition station 1 and the working condition for monitoring magnetotelluric data acquisition system in real time；Magnetotelluric data collection system
The working condition of system has 3 kinds：Only gather the low frequency Magnetotelluric signal of fixed duration；Only gather the high frequency or audio of fixed duration
Magnetotelluric signal；Acquisition order fixes the low frequency Magnetotelluric signal of duration and the high frequency or audio magnetotelluric method of fixed duration
Signal.Wireless data transmission/reception antennas 3 could be arranged to Wi-Fi or bluetooth mode.Ground is disposed near data collection station 1
Two groups or three groups of mutually orthogonal horizontal electrodes pair, two components or three-component electric field data for recording nagneto-telluric field；
Acquisition station nearby disposes 1~3 frequency response scope can be while covering the geomagnetic field and high frequency of low frequency in ground mutually orthogonally
Or the wideband magnetic field sensor of the geomagnetic field frequency band range of audio, 1~3 component magnetic field number to record nagneto-telluric field
According to；Grounding electrode 8 is grounded.Magnetotelluric data acquisition system according to set acquisition time, acquisition mode and acquisition parameter,
Automatic data collection simultaneously preserves high frequency or the mt number of the magnetotelluric data of audio, the magnetotelluric data of low frequency or wideband
According to.
The magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention, in same observation station, can gather the earth of low frequency
The magnetotelluric data of electromagnetic data and high frequency or audio, that is, gather wideband magnetotelluric data, it is not necessary to change magnetic field sensing
Device and data collection station, thus with production cost is low, field production operation is simple and reliable, the instrument and equipment that uses it is few etc. excellent
Point.The magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention can also selectively be set according to the purpose of different exploration projects
Acquisition mode, improves the specific aim and data validity of collection magnetotelluric data, reduces the acquisition time of unnecessary data,
Improve production efficiency.Finally, the magnetotelluric data acquisition system of the embodiment of the present invention can be by the low frequency collected the earth
Electromagnetic data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data merge in a wideband magnetotelluric data file automatically, wideband the earth
The editor of electromagnetic data, pretreatment, denoising, the conversion of time-domain to frequency domain are carried out all in same data file, are not required to
The processing work of low frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or the sets of data of audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data two is carried out respectively, thus greatly
Ground simplifies data processing work, and the inversion procedure to this wideband magnetotelluric data can disposably obtain subsurface rock height
The shallow-layer of resolution ratio and the deep layer electrical parameter of conventional resolution and electrical section.
The embodiment of the present invention also proposes a kind of collection using the magnetotelluric data system acquisition magnetotelluric data
Method, as shown in figure 5, this method is carried out according to following steps：
Step S501：Determine acquisition time, acquisition mode and acquisition parameter；
Acquisition time is passed through by signal characteristic and noise level of the operating personnel according to the actual nagneto-telluric field of observation station
Once or after collection experiment work for several times decide, and set before data collection task starts.
Acquisition mode is configured before collecting work starts by operating personnel according to the purpose of exploration project.Acquisition mode
There can be 3 kinds, the magnetotelluric data of 1 mode, collection high frequency or audio is set to shallow layer exploration, sample rate is high, mainly obtains
More than 10Hz high-frequency data is obtained, acquisition time is 2 hours or so；2 modes, property acquisition order low frequency are set to oil exploration
Magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio magnetotelluric data, i.e., first gather the magnetotelluric data of low frequency, then with higher
Sample rate gathers the magnetotelluric data of high frequency or audio, the main wideband magnetotelluric data for obtaining more than 0.001Hz, collection
Time is 8~12 hours or so；3 modes are set to infrastructure, the magnetotelluric data of low frequency is gathered, it is main to obtain as little as
10-5Hz data, acquisition time is more than 5 days.The acquisition time of general low frequency Magnetotelluric signal is about high frequency or audio
5~10 times of Magnetotelluric signal acquisition time.
Acquisition parameter includes the orientation of three-dimensional geographical coordinate, magnetic field and the electric field channel number, magnetic field and electric field of observation station
The demarcating file name of angle, the grounding resistance of electric field channel, the model of each magnetic field sensor and sequence number, each magnetic field sensor
Claim, the specific collection initial time of low frequency Magnetotelluric signal and audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic signal and collection duration, weather condition,
The features such as the interference source near face temperature and observation station.Acquisition parameter by operating personnel according to the actual conditions of observation station at the scene
It is determined, and is set with remote terminal by wireless data transmission/reception antennas.
Acquisition mode and acquisition time can directly select in advance set in magnetotelluric data system adopt
Mode set and acquisition time, can also directly be configured on the guidance panel of acquisition software, can also use Wi-Fi and indigo plant
Acquisition mode and acquisition time that setting is programmed in remote terminal are input to magnetotelluric data acquisition system by the modes such as tooth
In.
Step S502：Determine geographical coordinate and the data record time of observation station；
The geographical coordinate of observation station and the time of data record are determined with GPS receiving antenna.
Step S503：Telluric electricity field data are gathered with electric-field sensor, geomagnetic field number is gathered with wideband magnetic field sensor
According to；
Electric-field sensor can be two groups or three groups of mutually orthogonal horizontal electrodes pair, for recording two points of nagneto-telluric field
Amount or three-component electric field data, the electric field data recorded can be the telluric electricity field data of low frequency, can also be high frequency or
The telluric electricity field data of audio.Wideband magnetic field sensor can be 1~3 wideband magnetic field sensor of mutually orthogonal placement, use
In the magnetic field data of the record component of nagneto-telluric field 1~3.
The frequency response scope of wideband magnetic field sensor can cover simultaneously low frequency mt and high frequency or audio it is big
Ground electromagnetic band scope.I.e. described wideband magnetic field sensor not only can be for measuring the geomagnetic field data of low frequency, can be with
For measuring the geomagnetic field data of high frequency or audio.The wideband magnetic field sensor includes low frequency magnetic field sensor and high frequency magnetic
Field sensor, the induction coil and high frequency of the low frequency magnetic field sensor of the wideband magnetic field sensor or audio frequency magnetic field sensor
Induction coil is wound on same magnetic core jointly, the low frequency magnetic field sensor and high frequency or audio of the wideband magnetic field sensor
Magnetic field sensor is encapsulated as a bar magnet (magnetic field sensor), the low frequency magnetic field sensor of the wideband magnetic field sensor and
A data and power supply source line interface (joint), the magnetic field of two different frequencies are shared after high frequency or the encapsulation of audio frequency magnetic field sensor
Automatic alternately switching between sensor is controlled by the software and electronic switch of magnetotelluric data acquisition system.
In gatherer process, monitor that magnetotelluric data is gathered in real time by wireless data transmission/reception antennas with remote terminal
The working condition of system.
Step S504：Magnetotelluric data is handled and explained.
When acquisition mode is set to 2 mode, due to front end and high frequency or the audio the earth of low frequency magnetotelluric data
There are the frequency for having a bit of repetition between the frequency range of the data of a bit of repetition, i.e., two, the earth between the low frequency end of electromagnetic data
Electromagnetic data acquisition system using repeat frequency range data average after as the frequency range data, and with other low frequencies and height
Frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data are merged into a wideband magnetotelluric data file together.
To high frequency or the inversion procedure of audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, low frequency magnetotelluric data or wideband magnetotelluric data
The deep layer electrical parameter and electrical section of the high-resolution shallow-layer of subsurface rock and conventional resolution can disposably be obtained.
Those skilled in the art will also be appreciated that the various illustrative components, blocks that the embodiment of the present invention is listed
(illustrative logical block), unit, and step can be by the knots of electronic hardware, computer software, or both
Conjunction is realized.To clearly show that the replaceability (interchangeability) of hardware and software, above-mentioned various explanations
Property part (illustrative components), unit and step universally describe their function.Such work(
Can be that the design requirement depending on specific application and whole system is realized by hardware or software.Those skilled in the art
For every kind of specific application various methods can be used to realize described function, but this realization is understood not to
The scope protected beyond the embodiment of the present invention.
Various illustrative logical blocks described in the embodiment of the present invention, or unit can by general processor,
Digital signal processor, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices,
The design of discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any of the above described combination is come the function described by realizing or operate.
General processor can be microprocessor, alternatively, the general processor can also for any traditional processor, controller,
Microcontroller or state machine.Processor can also be realized by the combination of computing device, for example digital signal processor and micro-
Processor, multi-microprocessor, one or more microprocessors combine a Digital Signal Processor Core, or any other like
Configuration realize.
The step of method described in the embodiment of the present invention or algorithm can be directly embedded into hardware, computing device it is soft
Part module or the combination of both.Software module can be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM storages
Other any form of storage media in device, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or this area
In.Exemplarily, storage medium can be connected with processor, to allow processor to read information from storage medium, and
Write information can be deposited to storage medium.Alternatively, storage medium can also be integrated into processor.Processor and storage medium can
To be arranged in ASIC, ASIC can be arranged in user terminal.Alternatively, processor and storage medium can also be arranged at use
In different parts in the terminal of family.
In one or more exemplary designs, above-mentioned functions described by the embodiment of the present invention can be in hardware, soft
Part, firmware or any combination of this three are realized.If realized in software, these functions can be stored and computer-readable
On medium, or with it is one or more instruction or code form be transmitted on the medium of computer-readable.Computer readable medium includes electricity
Brain stores medium and is easy to so that allowing computer program to be transferred to other local telecommunication medias from a place.Storing medium can be with
It is that any general or special computer can be with the useable medium of access.For example, such computer readable media can include but
It is not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or other
What can be used for carrying or store with instruct or data structure and it is other can be by general or special computer or general or specially treated
Device reads the medium of the program code of form.In addition, any connection can be properly termed computer readable medium, example
Such as, if software is to pass through a coaxial cable, fiber optic cables, double from web-site, server or other remote resources
Twisted wire, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) or with defined in being also contained in of the wireless way for transmitting such as infrared, wireless and microwave
In computer readable medium.Described disk (disk) and disk (disc) include Zip disk, radium-shine disk, CD, DVD, floppy disk
And Blu-ray Disc, disk is generally with magnetic duplication data, and disk generally carries out optical reproduction data with laser.Combinations of the above
It can also be included in computer readable medium.
Above-described embodiment, has been carried out further to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Describe in detail, should be understood that the embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc. all should be included
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system, including magnetotelluric data acquisition station, magnetic field sensor and electric-field sensor,
The magnetic field sensor and the electric-field sensor are connected with the magnetotelluric data acquisition station, it is characterised in that
The magnetic field sensor is frequency response scope while covering low frequency geomagnetic field and high frequency or audio geomagnetic field frequency band
The wideband magnetic field sensor of scope；
The wideband magnetic field sensor includes low frequency magnetic field sensor and high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor；The low frequency magnetic field is passed
Sensor and high frequency or audio frequency magnetic field sensor are encapsulated as an entirety, and shared data interface and power interface；
The induction coil or the audio frequency magnetic field of the induction coil of the low frequency magnetic field sensor and the high frequency magnetic field sensor
The induction coil of sensor is wound on a magnetic core；The induction coil of the high frequency magnetic field sensor or the audio frequency magnetic field are passed
Alternating switching between the induction coil of sensor is controlled by the first electronic switch.
2. acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the frequency response scope of the wideband magnetic field sensor is
0.00001Hz~10000Hz.
3. acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the magnetotelluric data acquisition station includes electric field data
Acquisition channel and magnetic field data acquisition channel, the electric field data acquisition channel is in low frequency telluric electricity field and high frequency or audio the earth
Alternately switch between electric field, the magnetic field data acquisition channel is handed between low frequency geomagnetic field and high frequency or audio geomagnetic field
For switching.
4. acquisition system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the electric field data acquisition channel and the magnetic field data
Acquisition channel includes low frequency analog-digital converter and high frequency analog-digital converter, the low frequency analog-to-digital conversion of the electric field data acquisition channel
Alternating switching between device and high frequency analog-digital converter is controlled by the second electronic switch, the low frequency of the magnetic field data acquisition channel
Alternating switching between analog-digital converter and high frequency analog-digital converter is controlled by the 3rd electronic switch.
5. acquisition system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that first electronic switch, second electronic switch
With the 3rd electronic switch timed delivery for switching.
6. acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the acquisition system has 3 kinds of acquisition modes, acquisition mode
1 collection high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data, the acquisition order low frequency magnetotelluric data of acquisition mode 2 and high frequency or audio the earth
Electromagnetic data, the collection low frequency magnetotelluric data of acquisition mode 3.
7. acquisition system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that in the acquisition mode 2, the acquisition system will be low
Frequency magnetotelluric data and high frequency or audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic data merge in a wideband magnetotelluric data file.
8. acquisition system as claimed in claims 6 or 7, it is characterised in that the acquisition mode 1 obtains more than 10 hertz big
Ground electromagnetic data, the acquisition mode 2 obtains more than 0.001 hertz of magnetotelluric data, and the acquisition mode 3 obtains 10-5
Magnetotelluric data more than hertz.
9. the acquisition system as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the low frequency analog-digital converter is 32 4000 hertz
Low frequency analog-digital converter hereby, the high frequency analog-digital converter is 24 more than 50000 hertz of high frequency analog-digital converter.
10. the acquisition system as described in any claim in claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the wideband magnetic field sensing
Device is induction type magnetic field sensor or fluxgate type magnetic field sensor.
11. the acquisition system as described in claim 3,4 or 5, it is characterised in that the acquisition system is that 5 passages or 6 passages are big
Ground electromagnetic data acquisition system.
12. acquisition system as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the acquisition system includes：2 or 3 electric field datas
Acquisition channel, 3 magnetic field data acquisition channels.
13. the acquisition system as described in any claim in claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the electric-field sensor is
Two groups or three groups of orthogonal horizontal electrodes pair.
14. the acquisition system as described in any claim in claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the wideband magnetic field sensing
The quantity of device is 1~3.
15. the acquisition system as described in any claim in claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the magnetotelluric data
Acquisition station includes：GPS receiving antenna, wireless data transmission/reception antennas and grounding electrode, the GPS receiving antenna, the nothing
Line number is connected according to transmission/reception antennas and the grounding electrode with the magnetotelluric data acquisition station.
16. a kind of acquisition system collection magnetotelluric data using as described in any claim in claim 1 to 15
Method, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Determine acquisition time, acquisition mode and acquisition parameter；
Determine geographical coordinate and the data record time of observation station；
Telluric electricity field data are gathered with electric-field sensor, geomagnetic field data are gathered with wideband magnetic field sensor；
The telluric electricity field data and the geomagnetic field data collected are handled and explained.
17. acquisition method as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that in the collection telluric electricity field data and the collection
During geomagnetic field data, methods described also includes being monitored in real time by wireless data transmission/reception antennas with remote terminal
The working condition of acquisition system.
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| CN105044792B (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2018-06-19 | 长江大学 | Ground-well time-frequency electromagnetic survey data harvester and method |
| CN106772627B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2019-02-05 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Wideband intelligence long period crustal magnetotelluric measurement system |
| CN106772634B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-10-30 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Electro-magnetic receiver in a kind of well for Underground electrical structure |
| CN108107478B (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2019-06-04 | 湖南科技大学 | Magnetotelluric synchronizing detection and real time inversion method and system |
| CN109100814B (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-06-28 | 湖南师范大学 | A kind of audio magnetotelluric method signal antinoise method based on noise classification |
| CN109342978B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2021-03-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Magnetotelluric anisotropy acquisition system, magnetotelluric anisotropy acquisition method and magnetotelluric anisotropy acquisition equipment |
| CN109752768A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-14 | 上海艾都能源科技有限公司 | The electric earth magnetism high density dot matrix measurement acquisition big data system in solar powered field ground |
| CN111897016B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2023-01-17 | 黑龙江省地球物理地球化学勘查院 | Wind noise prevention device for magnetotelluric track receiver |
| CN112649878A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-04-13 | 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心 | Magnetotelluric sounding-based field automatic observation recording method |
| CN113391358A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-14 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Acquisition method and acquisition device for broadband magnetotelluric data |
| CN113775330B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-12-19 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Comprehensive geophysical exploration system for high-temperature geothermal field and geothermal dessert area evaluation method |
| CN115308815B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-03-24 | 中国海洋大学 | Automatic monitoring method and device for accidental water outlet of submarine electromagnetic exploration device |
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| WO1997041457A1 (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 1997-11-06 | Anthony Charles Leonid Fox | Satellite synchronized 3-d magnetotelluric system |
| CN1252492C (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2006-04-19 | 周仁安 | Measuring method and instrument for earth electromagnetic wave resistivity |
| CN102236106B (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2014-03-26 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Method and device for measuring resistivity of underground medium on ground and in gallery in quasi-three-dimension mode |
| CN102736113B (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-11-26 | 吉林大学 | Ultra-wideband weak magnetic sensor |
| CN102981185B (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2015-12-23 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | three-component magnetic field and three-component electric field marine electromagnetic data acquisition station |
| CN103091717B (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of electromagnetic exploration method receiving and dispatching automatic synchronization frequency conversion |
| CN103630853B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2016-04-13 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | induction type magnetic field sensor |
| CN204287505U (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-22 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of magnetotelluric data acquisition system |
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