CN102742068A - 使用电池胞的内阻来改进操作性能的电池组系统 - Google Patents
使用电池胞的内阻来改进操作性能的电池组系统 Download PDFInfo
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
公开了一种用于供应操作外部设备所必需的电流的电池组系统及其操作方法,该电池组系统包括:包括多个可充电和可放电的电池胞的电池模块,该电池模块用于向外部设备供应电力;用于检测电池模块的温度的温度传感器;用于向电池模块供应充电和放电脉冲电流的辅助功率单元;和控制单元,在电池模块被电连接到外部设备之前,基于从温度传感器检测到的信息,当电池模块的测量温度(Tbat)小于设定温度(Tcrit)时,该控制单元把辅助功率单元连接到电池模块,使得将充电和放电脉冲电流供应到电池模块,并且,当电池模块的温度变得等于或高于设定温度(Tcrit)时,该控制单元中断充电和放电脉冲电流到电池模块的供应。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种使用电池胞的内阻的、具有改进的操作性能的电池组系统,并且更加具体地涉及一种用于供应操作外部设备所必需的电流的电池组系统和该电池组系统的一种操作方法,该电池组系统包括:包括能够被充电和放电的多个电池胞的电池模块,该电池模块用于向外部设备供应电力;用于检测电池模块的温度的温度传感器;用于向电池模块供应充电和放电脉冲电流的辅助功率单元;和,控制器,该控制器用于:在电池模块被电连接到外部设备之前,基于由温度传感器检测到的信息,当电池模块的测量温度(Tbat)小于设定温度(Tcrit)时,将辅助功率单元连接到电池模块,使得充电和放电脉冲电流被供应到电池模块,并且当电池模块的温度变得等于或者大于设定温度(Tcrit)时,中断充电和放电脉冲电流到电池模块的供应。
背景技术
作为用于无线移动设备的能源,二次电池已经吸引了相当的关注。另外,作为用于已经被开发用于解决诸如由使用化石燃料的现有汽油和柴油车辆引起的空气污染的问题的电动车辆(EV)、混合电动车辆(HEV)和插电式混合电动车辆(插电式HEV)的电源,二次电池已经吸引了相当的关注。
这样的电动车辆、混合电动车辆和插电式混合电动车辆是必须在比小型移动设备更加恶劣的条件下操作的设备。也就是,有必要使得电动车辆、混合电动车辆和插电式混合电动车辆例如在高温下的夏季中和例如在低温下的冬季中展现适当的性能。
为了获得良好的高温性能,已经制造了具有高温安全性的二次电池或者已经使用了在电池模块或者电池组中形成冷却剂通道的方法。
另一方面,在低温下,二次电池展现比在高温下更低的效率,因为在低温下,电池的内阻是高的。结果,电池的容量受到限制并且电池的寿命缩短。
为了解决以上问题,已经研究了一种改进电池的低温性能的方法。然而,在这样的电池中,电池的低温性能得以改进,但是电池的容量和高温性能劣化。
作为改进电池的低温性能的另一种方法,可以考虑使用另外的加热装备(加热器)来增加电池的温度的方法。然而,由于电池的高的热容量而耗用了大量的时间,并且电池的容量由于内部功耗而降低。
因此,这样一种电池组系统是高度必要的,该电池组系统能够减小内部功耗,同时在没有改变电池性能的情况下在低温下展现优良的性能。
发明内容
技术问题
因此,本发明已经被作出用于解决以上问题和尚待解决的其它技术问题。
根据对中型或大型电池组情况的各种广泛的和深入的研究和试验,本申请的发明人已经发现,如果辅助功率单元被连接到电池模块,使得在电池模块被电连接到外部设备之前基于由温度传感器检测到的信息,当电池模块的测量温度(Tbat)小于设定温度(Tcrit)时,充电和放电脉冲电流被供应到电池模块,则电池模块的、大的内阻用作加热主体以增加电池模块的温度。基于这些发现做出了本发明。
技术方案
根据本发明的一个方面,能够通过提供一种用于供应操作外部设备所必需的电流的电池组系统来实现以上和其它目的,该电池组系统包括:包括能够被充电和放电的多个电池胞的电池模块,该电池模块用于向外部设备供应电力;用于检测电池模块的温度的温度传感器;用于向电池模块供应充电和放电脉冲电流的辅助功率单元;和,控制器,该控制器用于:在电池模块被电连接到外部设备之前,基于由温度传感器检测到的信息,当电池模块的测量温度(Tbat)小于设定温度(Tcrit)时,将辅助功率单元连接到电池模块,使得充电和放电脉冲电流被供应到电池模块,并且当电池模块的温度变得等于或者大于设定温度(Tcrit)时,中断充电和放电脉冲电流到电池模块的供应。
在根据本发明的电池组系统中,由于来自辅助功率单元的充电和放电脉冲电流,电池模块的、大的内阻被用作一种加热主体以在诸如低温的设定温度下增加电池模块的温度。因此,不象其中使用另外的加热装备的传统技术那样,与电池的热容量无关地在短时间内快速地增加电池模块的温度是可能的。而且,电池的容量并不由于内部功耗而被降低。也就是,大大地改进了电池模块的操作效率。
特别地如上所述地构造的电池组系统优选地能够被应用于这样一种情形,其中有必要根据需要在短时间内快速地增加电池组的温度,使得电池组的操作效率最大化;以及这样一种情形,其中当由于外部环境因素而造成电池模块的温度是低的时,有必要增加电池模块的温度,使得电池模块能够达到正确地操作的状态。
构成电池模块的每一个电池胞的种类均不受特别限制,只要每一个电池胞均是能够被充电和放电的二次电池。例如,每一个电池胞均可以是棱形电池胞、柱形电池胞或者板形电池胞。
通常,有必要使得电池组具有高功率输出和大容量,以便被用作用于中型或者大型设备的电源。为此目次,多个小型二次电池(单元胞)被相互串联和/或并联地连接以构成电池模块,并且多个电池模块被相互串联和/或并联地连接以构成电池组。因此,为了实现高集成度,每一个电池胞均优选地是板形二次电池。
用于板形电池胞的结构和材料不受特别限制。例如,板形电池胞可以是具有下述结构的袋形电池胞,在该结构中,具有负极/隔膜/正极结构的电极组件被安装在由包括树脂层和金属层的层压板形成的电池壳体中。
作为参考,如在本说明书中使用的术语“电池模块”包括被配置为具有下述结构的电池系统的结构,其中两个或者更多可充电和可放电电池胞或者单元模块被以机械方式耦接并且同时被电连接到彼此以便提供高功率、大容量电力。因此,电池模块自身可以构成单一装备或者大型装备的一部分。例如,多个小型电池模块可以被相互连接以构成大型电池模块。替代地,小数目的电池胞可以被相互连接以构成单元模块,并且多个单元模块可以被相互连接。
同时,单元模块可以被配置成具有各种结构,将在下文中描述其优选实例。
单元模块被配置为具有下述结构,其中多个板形电池胞被相互串联连接,每一个板形电池胞均具有在其上端和下端处形成的电极端子。具体地,单元模块可以包括:在堆叠结构中布置的两个或者更多电池胞,在该堆叠结构中,在电池胞的电极端子之间的连接部被弯曲;和被耦接到彼此以覆盖除了电池胞的电极端子的、电池胞的外部的高强度电池胞盖。
两个或者更多电池胞被由合成树脂或者金属制成的高强度电池胞盖覆盖以构成单元模块。高强度电池胞盖保护具有低机械强度的电池胞,并且另外抑制在电池胞的充电和放电期间的反复的膨胀和收缩中的变化,由此防止电池胞的密封部分被相互分离。因此,制造具有更好安全性的电池模块组件是可能的。
电池胞在一个单元模块中被相互串联和/或并联地连接,或者一个单元模块的电池胞被串联和/或并联地连接到另一个单元模块的电池胞。在一个优选实例中,可以通过在纵向方向上顺序地布置电池胞使得电池胞的电极端子相继地彼此邻近、两个两个地或者更多地弯曲电池胞使得电池胞被堆叠、以及用电池胞盖以预定的数目覆盖所堆叠的电池胞时将电池胞的电极端子耦接到彼此,而制造多个单元模块。
可以以诸如焊接、软焊和机械耦接的各种方式来实现在电极端子之间的耦接。优选地,通过焊接来实现在电极端子之间的耦接。
在电池胞或者单元模块的电极端子被相互连接时以高集成度堆叠的多个电池胞或者单元模块可以被竖直地安装在能够分离的上壳体和下壳体中,该上壳体和下壳体被配置成在组件式耦接结构被耦接到彼此以构成矩形电池模块。
在已经以本申请的申请人的名义提交并且其公开在此通过引用而被并入的韩国专利申请No.2006-45443和No.2006-45444中公开了单元模块和使用多个单元模块制造的矩形电池模块的细节。
可以以各种方式来实现在电池模块和设备之间的连接。例如,开关可以位于在电池模块和设备之间的电连接区域处,使得能够根据来自控制器的信号打开或者关闭该开关,然而,本发明不被限制于此。
在根据本发明的电池组系统中,由温度传感器检测到的电池模块的温度可以根据设置条件而改变。例如,可以测量某些或者所有的电池胞的温度,并且最高温度和最低温度可以被设为测量温度(Tbat)、测量温度的平均值可以被设为测量温度(Tbat),或者位于特殊位置处的电池胞(一个或者多个)的温度可以被设为测量温度(Tbat)。测量温度(Tbat)是控制器执行一系列的过程所必需的重要信息。
通常,二次电池的内阻随着二次电池的温度降低而增加。参考图1,二次电池在-10℃的温度下的内阻是二次电池在25℃的温度下的内阻的4倍。使用二次电池的内阻高效率(I2*R)地升高在低温下的二次电池的温度是可能的。然而,如果在基于其内阻升高二次电池的温度期间消耗了功率,则可以加速电池模块放电以驱动外部设备。
另一方面,根据本发明的电池组系统包括用于向电池模块供应充电和放电脉冲电流的辅助功率单元。因此,在借助于在电池模块和辅助功率单元之间的充电和放电脉冲电流来最小化电池模块中的功耗时,将电池模块的温度快速地升高到正确的温度是可能的。
也就是,在电池模块和辅助功率单元之间的充电和放电继续进行以最小化通过功率循环而消耗的功率并且使用在充电和放电操作期间由于内阻而产生的热量来升高电池模块的温度。
如果如上述改进了电池组系统的低温效率,则尝试化学地改变现有电池的负极、正极和电解质可能是不必要的,从而改进了电池组系统的低温效率。具体地,就高温性能、容量或者电学效率而言,化学地改变电池以改进低温效率的方法不是优选的。另一方面,在根据本发明的电池组系统中,可使用在高温性能、容量或者电学效率方面具有优点的电池,由此提供具有比传统电池模块更高性能的电池模块。
电池组系统的辅助功率单元的种类不受特别限制,只要辅助功率单元被连接到电池模块以向电池模块供应充电和放电脉冲电流。在一个优选实例中,辅助功率单元可以是低容量辅助电池或者电容器。
在低容量辅助电池被用作辅助功率单元的情形中,辅助电池的容量优选地是电池模块的容量的3-15%。如果辅助电池的容量大于电池模块的容量的15%,则相对于被供应到外部设备的、电池模块的功率,电池组系统的尺寸增加,结果电池组系统的效率降低。另一方面,如果辅助电池的容量小于电池模块的容量的3%,则用于升高电池模块的温度的、辅助功率单元的操作时间增加,这不是优选的。更加优选地,辅助电池的容量是电池模块的容量的4-12%。
辅助功率单元可以以各种方式被充电。例如,辅助功率单元可以在电池模块被或者未被电连接到外部设备的状态中被电池模块充电,或者可以被外部设备的另外的电源单元(例如,用于操作电子组件的电池)充电,然而,本发明不被限制于此。
考虑到图1所示在温度和内阻之间的关系,用于操作辅助功率单元的设定温度(Tcrit)可以基于单元胞的性质而被设为-5℃到10℃的温度范围。优选地,设定温度(Tcrit)被设为-2℃到10℃的温度范围。
另一方面,当即使在使得电池组的操作得以正确地执行的温度下,根据需要,电池组的温度也在短时间内被快速地升高以最大化电池组的操作效率时,设定温度(Tcrit)也可以高于使得电池组的操作得以正确地执行的温度。例如,设定温度(Tcrit)可以比使得所述操作得以正确地执行的15℃到40℃的温度高5℃到20℃。
因此,可以根据温度升高的意图来改变设定温度(Tcrit)。根据情况,该系统可以被设定为包括两个或者更多设定温度。
同时,在该电池组系统中,充电和放电脉冲电流优选地是具有相同的充电和放电率的脉冲波电流。为了在最小化电池模块的功耗时升高电池模块的温度,充电和放电脉冲电流的充电和放电率必须是相同的。在这种状态中,最小化了由于功率循环引起的、在电池模块中的功率损失。
在此情形中,脉冲波电流可以是例如方波型脉冲波电流或者正弦波型脉冲波电流。在脉冲波电流中,在每一个波形处的(+)积分值和(-)积分值成为充电和放电率,并且因此充电和放电率是相同的。
可以依赖于电池模块的容量、辅助电源的容量、在测量温度(Tbat)和设定温度(Tcrit)之间的差异等来改变充电和放电脉冲电流的大小和供应时间。在优选实例中,可以在构成电池模块的每一个电池胞的1/3C率(充电率)到5C率下供应充电和放电脉冲电流2到30秒。由本发明人执行的试验揭示了,在示例性电池组系统中,从-30℃达到10℃所用时间根据C率条件而改变。
在该电池组系统中,控制器用于控制构成电池组系统的相应的组件的操作。例如,控制器可以考虑到测量温度和在低温下的上限C率来控制脉冲电流。
将控制器应用于电池组系统不受特别限制。例如,控制器可以是独立装备或者可以被安装在电池管理系统(BMS)中。
在优选实例中,该电池组系统可以进一步包括被置放在电池模块和辅助功率单元之间以供应充电和放电脉冲电流的双向转换器。
根据来自控制器的操作信号,双向转换器可以从辅助功率单元向电池模块供应充电和放电脉冲电流或者利用电池模块的电流对辅助功率单元充电。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种包括该电池组系统作为电源的设备。
这种设备可以是利用来自电动机的动力操作的动力工具、电动汽车诸如电动车辆(EV)、混合电动车辆(HEV)或者插电式混合电动车辆(PHEV)、双轮电动车辆诸如电动自行车(E-bike)或者电动踏板车(E-scooter),或者电动高尔夫球车,当然本发明不限于此。
优选地,该设备是要求在低温和/或根据需要得到调节的温度下维持其性能以便最大化其操作效率的电动汽车、双轮电动车辆或者电动高尔夫球车。更加优选地,该设备是电动车辆、混合电动车辆或者插电式混合电动车辆。
因此,根据本发明的进一步的一个方面,提供一种如在以下描述的、电池组系统的操作方法。
具体地,该电池组系统的操作方法包括(a)在电池模块被电连接到外部设备之前测量电池模块的温度,(b)当电池模块的测量温度(Tbat)小于设定温度(Tcrit)时,将辅助功率单元连接到电池模块,使得充电和放电脉冲电流被供应到电池模块、(c)根据充电和放电脉冲电流到电池模块的供应来增加电池模块的温度、(d)当电池模块的温度等于或者大于设定温度(Tcrit)时,中断充电和放电脉冲电流到电池模块的供应,和(e)将电池模块电连接到外部设备。
根据情况,该操作方法可以进一步包括在步骤(a)或者步骤(b)之前或者在步骤(e)之后对辅助功率单元充电。如在前描述地,辅助功率单元可以在电池模块被电连接到外部设备或者未被电连接到外部设备的状态中被电池模块充电或者可以被外部设备的另外的电源单元(例如,用于操作电子组件的电池)充电。
当使用用于操作电子组件的电池对辅助功率单元充电时,减轻对于其性能在低温下降低的电池模块的损坏,并且即使当电池模块未被充分地充电时也对辅助功率单元充电是可能的。
根据本发明的电池组系统的操作方法可以紧挨着在电池模块被连接到外部设备的步骤之前执行,以在短时间内将电池模块的温度增加至设定温度(Tcrit)的范围,或者,在外部设备停机(OFF)的状态下,执行根据本发明的电池组系统的操作方法同时持续监视电池模块的温度,以维持电池模块的温度在设定的温度(Tcrit)或者更高温度。在后一情形中,通过在短时间内充电和放电在能够使用的范围内维持电池模块的温度,由此减少在设备能够操作之前的等待时间是可能的。
附图说明
与附图相结合,根据以下详细说明,将会更加清楚地理解本发明的以上和其它目的、特征和其它优点,在附图中:
图1是图示二次电池的内阻根据温度的变化的曲线图;
图2是图示具有相同充电和放电率的方波型脉冲波的形式的曲线图;
图3是图示具有相同充电和放电率的正弦波型脉冲波的形式的曲线图;
图4是图示当应用根据本发明的一个实施例的电池组系统时电池的温度升高曲线的曲线图;
图5是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池组系统的典型构造视图;以及
图6是图示根据本发明的一个实施例的电池组系统的电池组温度控制方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在,将参考附图详细描述本发明的优选实施例。然而,应当注意,本发明的范围不受所图示的实施例限制。
图1是图示二次电池的内阻根据温度的变化的曲线图。
参考图1,基于二次电池在25℃的温度下的内阻示出了二次电池的内阻根据温度的相对变化。随着温度降低,内阻平缓地增加。在10℃的温度下的内阻大于在25℃的温度下的内阻的1.5倍。随后,内阻急剧地增加。在0℃的温度下的内阻是在25℃的温度下的内阻的2.5倍。在-10℃的温度下的内阻是在25℃的温度下的内阻的4倍。
关于电池的内阻的做功(work)变成在电池的充电和放电期间产生的热能。也就是,W=VI=I2R。热能W与内阻R成比例。当在低温下内阻增加时,因此,热能也增加。
图2和3是图示具有能够在根据本发明的电池组系统中使用的相同充电和放电率的脉冲波的形式的曲线图。
参考这些附图,在每一幅曲线图中关于时间的积分值成为充电和放电容量。因此,当(+)/(-)积分值相同时,充电和放电容量是相同的,由此最小化电池模块的内部功耗。
图4是图示当应用根据本发明的一个实施例的电池组系统时电池的温度升高曲线的曲线图。
参考图4,能够看到曲线图的斜度随着时间的进展变得更加平缓。这是因为,如在前描述地,内阻随着温度增加而降低,并且因此,热能与内阻成比例地降低。
而且,能够看到,将电池的温度从-30℃增加到10℃占用了大致250秒。当使用外部热量供应单元加热电池时,由于电池的高热容量,难以在短时间内实现温度的这样的快速增加。
根据情况,如果电池模块被配置,使得在设备被停机并且测量温度Tbat小于设定温度Tcrit的状态下,当电池模块的温度持续受到监视时,通过电池的充电和放电,电池模块的温度保持在预定范围内,则电池组系统的操作时间可以是非常短的,例如几秒到几十秒。
图5是根据本发明的实施例的电池组系统的典型构造视图。
参考图5,根据本发明的实施例的电池组系统100包括用于向外部设备200供应电力的电池模块300、用于测量电池模块的温度的温度传感器310、用于供应充电和放电脉冲波电流的辅助功率单元400、在电池模块300和辅助功率单元400之间连接的双向转换器500、和用于控制以上构件的控制器600。
电池模块300通过开关110的开/关操作而被连接到设备控制器210或者被从那里断开以根据来自控制器600的信号在电池模块300和设备200之间执行电气切换。
在开关110关闭的状态中,温度传感器310测量电池模块的温度,并且控制器600比较测量温度Tbat与设定温度Tcrit。
当作为温度比较的结果测量温度Tbat小于设定温度Tcrit时,控制器600将辅助功率单元400连接到电池模块300,使得充电和放电脉冲波电流经由被置放在电池模块300和辅助功率单元400之间的双向转换器500而被供应到电池模块300。在向电池模块300供应充电和放电脉冲波电流时,电池模块300的温度增加。结果,当电池模块300的温度变得等于或者大于设定温度Tcrit时,控制器600经由开关110将辅助功率单元400从电池模块300电气断开并且将电池模块300电连接到设备200。因此,在电池模块300被连接到设备200之前,电池模块300的温度至少增加到设定温度Tcrit,由此最大化电池组系统的操作效率。
根据情况,上述的操作可以被反复地执行,使得即使在电池模块300到设备的连接未被考虑的状态中,电池模块300的温度也被保持在设定温度Tcrit,因此,在电池模块300和设备200之间的连接总是可能的。
图6是图示根据本发明的实施例的电池组系统的电池组温度控制方法的流程图。
与图5一起地参考图6,当电池组系统100操作时,控制器600读出设定温度Tcrit(S100),并且温度传感器310测量电池模块300的温度Tbat(S110)。随后,控制器600确定测量温度Tbat是否小于设定温度Tcrit(S120)。例如,设定温度Tcrit可以是0℃。
当确定测量温度Tbat小于设定温度Tcrit时(是),控制器600经由双向转换器500将辅助功率单元400连接到电池模块300,使得充电和放电脉冲波电流被供应到电池模块300(S130)。另一方面,当确定测量温度Tbat等于或者大于设定温度Tcrit时(否),控制器600将电池模块300连接到设备200(S150)。
在供应充电和放电脉冲波电流的步骤(S130),充电和放电脉冲波电流被供应到电池模块,并且确定电池模块300的测量温度Tbat是否小于设定温度Tcrit。当确定测量温度Tbat小于设定温度Tcrit时(是),该过程返回供应充电和放电脉冲波电流的步骤(S130),使得执行供应充电和放电脉冲波电流的步骤和随后的步骤。当确定测量温度Tbat等于或者大于设定温度Tcrit时(否),该过程前进到将电池模块300连接到设备200的步骤(S150)。
虽然已经为了说明性的意图公开了本发明的优选实施例,但是本领域技术人员将理解,在不偏离如在所附权利要求中所公开的本发明的范围和精神的情况下,各种修改、添加和替换都是可能的。
工业适用性
如根据以上说明显而易见的,在使用辅助功率单元向电池模块供应脉冲波电流来最小化电池模块的内部功耗时,根据本发明的电池组系统及其操作方法可以基于在设定温度下由于高内阻引起的、在电池的充电和放电期间的发热现象来将电池模块的温度快速地增加到可使用范围。
Claims (18)
1.一种用于供应操作外部设备所必需的电流的电池组系统,所述电池组系统包括:
包括可充电和可放电的多个电池胞的电池模块,所述电池模块用于向所述外部设备供应电力;
用于检测所述电池模块的温度的温度传感器;
用于向所述电池模块供应充电和放电脉冲电流的辅助功率单元;和
控制器,所述控制器用于:在所述电池模块被电连接到所述外部设备之前,基于所述温度传感器检测到的信息,当所述电池模块的测量温度(Tbat)小于设定温度(Tcrit)时,将所述辅助功率单元连接到所述电池模块,使得所述充电和放电脉冲电流被供应到所述电池模块,并且当所述电池模块的温度变得等于或者大于所述设定温度(Tcrit)时,中断所述充电和放电脉冲电流到所述电池模块的供应。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池组系统,其中所述电池胞中的每一个均是板形二次电池。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电池组系统,其中所述板形二次电池被形成为具有下述结构,在该结构中,具有负极/隔膜/正极结构的电极组件被安装在由包括树脂层和金属层的层压板形成的电池壳体中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电池组系统,其中所述辅助功率单元是低容量辅助电池或者电容器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电池组系统,其中所述辅助电池的容量是所述电池模块的容量的3-15%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电池组系统,其中所述设定温度(Tcrit)被设在-5℃到10℃的温度范围。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电池组系统,其中所述设定温度(Tcrit)被设置在比使得操作被正确地执行的15℃到40℃的温度更高的5℃到20℃的温度范围。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池组系统,其中所述充电和放电脉冲电流是具有相同充电和放电率的脉冲波电流。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电池组系统,其中所述脉冲波电流是方波型脉冲波电流或者正弦波型脉冲波电流。
10.根据权利要求1所述的电池组系统,其中所述充电和放电脉冲电流在构成所述电池模块的每一个电池胞的1/3C率到5C率下被供应2到30秒。
11.根据权利要求1所述的电池组系统,其中所述控制器是独立装备或者被安装在电池管理系统(BMS)中。
12.根据权利要求1所述的电池组系统,进一步包括被置放在所述电池模块和所述辅助功率单元之间、用来驱动所述充电和放电脉冲电流的双向转换器。
13.一种设备,包括根据权利要求1到12中任何一项所述的电池组系统作为电源。
14.根据权利要求13所述的设备,其中所述设备是电动车辆、混合电动车辆或者插电式混合电动车辆。
15.一种根据权利要求1到12中任何一项所述的电池组系统的操作方法,所述操作方法包括:
(a)在所述电池模块被电连接到所述外部设备之前测量所述电池模块的温度;
(b)当所述电池模块的测量温度(Tbat)小于设定温度(Tcrit)时,将所述辅助功率单元连接到所述电池模块,使得所述充电和放电脉冲电流被供应到所述电池模块;
(c)根据所述充电和放电脉冲电流到所述电池模块的供应来增加所述电池模块的温度;
(d)当所述电池模块的温度等于或者大于所述设定温度(Tcrit)时,中断所述充电和放电脉冲电流到所述电池模块的供应;和
(e)把所述电池模块电连接到所述外部设备。
16.根据权利要求15所述的操作方法,进一步包括在步骤(a)或者步骤(b)之前或者在步骤(e)之后对所述辅助功率单元充电。
17.根据权利要求15所述的操作方法,其中上述步骤紧挨着所述电池模块被连接到所述外部设备的步骤之前被执行,以使得把所述电池模块的温度增加至所述设定温度(Tcrit)的范围。
18.根据权利要求15所述的操作方法,其中,在所述外部设备停机(关闭)的状态下,上述步骤被反复执行,同时持续监视所述电池模块的温度,使得把所述电池模块的温度维持在所述设定温度(Tcrit)或者更高。
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JP5752151B2 (ja) | 2015-07-22 |
JP2013518550A (ja) | 2013-05-20 |
US9231425B2 (en) | 2016-01-05 |
EP2518817A2 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
US20120176082A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
WO2011093616A2 (ko) | 2011-08-04 |
EP2518817B1 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
CN102742068B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
KR101230353B1 (ko) | 2013-02-06 |
KR20110088270A (ko) | 2011-08-03 |
WO2011093616A3 (ko) | 2011-11-10 |
EP2518817A4 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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