CN102725460B - 桁架结构 - Google Patents

桁架结构 Download PDF

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CN102725460B
CN102725460B CN201080060586.0A CN201080060586A CN102725460B CN 102725460 B CN102725460 B CN 102725460B CN 201080060586 A CN201080060586 A CN 201080060586A CN 102725460 B CN102725460 B CN 102725460B
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trussed construction
bearing diagonal
segmentation
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chord
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CN102725460A (zh
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S.黑里翁
O.约萨特
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Vallourec Deutschland GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/065—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B17/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other and involving plastic deformation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E04C2003/0417—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts demountable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E04C2003/0491—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in one single surface or in several parallel surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
    • F16B7/04—Clamping or clipping connections
    • F16B7/0406—Clamping or clipping connections for rods or tubes being coaxial
    • F16B7/0413—Clamping or clipping connections for rods or tubes being coaxial for tubes using the innerside thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/47—Molded joint
    • Y10T403/472—Molded joint including mechanical interlock
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7062—Clamped members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7062—Clamped members
    • Y10T403/7064—Clamped members by wedge or cam

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种桁架结构，作为支承部件的钢制空心型材（3）的连接结构，它们利用节点连接体相互连接并且该连接承受轴向压负荷。按照本发明所述节点连接由可拆卸的、形状锁合的插连接构成。

Description

桁架结构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种处于轴向压力下钢制空心型材的连接装置。
背景技术
处于轴向压力下钢制空心型材例如在桁架结构中使用，它们例如用于预制的支承系统作为屋顶结构，并且由DE 10 2006 010 951 A1已知。
在这里所示的用于钢制屋顶结构的支承系统也以名称“PREON”提供，其特征尤其在与其适用于不同跨度的变化性。这种变化性通过结构方式的标准化和模块化实现并且也只需典型静力学。
这种用于桁架结构的支承系统由不同的相互连接的以空心型材构造的支承部件组成，它们对应于其负荷处于拉、压或弯曲负荷下。这种支承型材由不同长度的上弦杆或下弦杆和斜支撑组成，它们邻近地通过节点连接体相互连接。
各支承部件的长度由于供货和生产技术方面的原因受到限制，由此为了加工对于桁架结构所需的长度必须按照具体情况组合成数倍长度。
在此支承部件的节点连接体利用构架接头实现，它们通常通过焊接并利用机械的连接部件如螺栓或铆钉建立。
这种连接技术是费事且昂贵的并且在仅仅承受轴向压负荷的连接中是不必要的并因此是不经济的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，给出一种处于轴向压力下的空心型材的连接，它没有已知连接缺陷地成本有利且快速地加工。
这个目的通过以下的桁架结构得以实现，该桁架结构由上弦杆、下弦杆和斜支撑组成，所述上弦杆、下弦杆和斜支撑由钢制空心型材制成，所述斜支撑作为支承部件，其中至少斜支撑由分段组成，所述分段利用节点连接相互连接并且处于轴向压应力的负荷下，并且斜支撑的节点连接由可拆卸的、形状锁合的插连接构成。
按照本发明的理论为了实现这个目的使承受压负荷的节点连接由可拆卸的、形状锁合的插连接构成。这个插连接在只承受轴向压力的节点连接体中、例如在桁架结构中与目前通常焊接、螺栓连接和铆接相比是特别有利的。
因为该连接只承受轴向压力，因此由静力学观点它足以通过相互插接的空心型材的简单插接实现斜支撑所需的长度。由此明显更简单、更快速并由此更经济地装配桁架结构。
为了建立插连接，所述斜支撑的空心型材在第一实施例中在斜支撑部分的端部上具有加大的直径，其中要插入其中的斜支撑的另一部分的端部在直径上保持恒定。
在第二实施例中为了建立插连接，所述斜支撑部分的端部在直径上减小并且要插在其上的斜支撑的另一部分的端部在直径上保持恒定。
本发明的另一有利扩展结构规定，利用配有扩张和收缩的独立套筒建立连接，由此可以加工具有恒定直径的空心型材。在此套筒插入到空心型材的一端里面并且插到另一型材的端部上。
在此有利的是，所述套筒可以由成本有利的标准部件制成。但是也可以设想套筒，其端部分别插到空心型材端部上或端部里面。
在本发明的有利扩展结构中所述插连接配有防止无意松动的保险。这个保险例如可以是粘接剂、灰浆或夹紧部件如楔体或涨圈。
按照本发明所述支承部件的空心型材由热加工的无缝管制成，但是原则上也可以使用由焊接的、冷加工或热加工制成的管。
尽管以桁架结构为例描述本发明，但是原则上本发明也可以在钢高层建筑和机械结构或装饰结构中使用，总是在那些仅仅承受压力的管或空心型材的连接体中使用。
附图说明
下面借助于一个图详细解释本发明。
具体实施方式
附图在上部分图中示出按照本发明的由空心型材制成的桁架结构，具有上弦杆1、下弦杆2以及斜支撑3,3’作为支承部件。支承部件本身由无缝的热轧空心型材制成，它们对应于所需的长度相互连接成数倍长度。
在处于负荷下的桁架结构中（见负荷箭头）斜支撑3,3’处于压杆3或拉杆3’。在由于所需长度分开斜支撑3,3’时只有轴向承受压力的撑杆3的连接按照本发明由形状锁合的插连接构成。而桁架结构的另一支撑部件以常见的方式通过焊接的构架接头（在这里未示出）相互连接，由此可以承受连接的拉负荷。
在附图的下部分图中示出两个用于形状锁合的插连接的解决方案的示例。
处于轴向压负荷的斜支撑3在第一实施例中（方案1，左下分图）由于所需的长度由两个分段4,5组成。分段4在一端上具有加大的直径，它这样设计尺寸，使得可以形状锁合地容纳要插入到其中的斜支撑3的分段5的端部。
为了防止连接无意地松开通过粘接剂或灰浆或类似物质7固定连接。
在插连接的第二实施例中（方案2，右下分图）将斜支撑3分成分段5’和6。在这个方案中分段6在一端上减小直径并且形状锁合地插入到分段5’里面，它通常具有恒定的直径。这个连接通过粘接剂或灰浆或类似物质防止无意的松开。
通过加入粘接剂、灰浆、夹紧部件或类似物质附加地能够传递转矩（不仅弯曲转矩而且扭矩）。
附图标记清单
1    上弦杆
2    下弦杆
3    ,3’ 斜支撑
4    具有较大空心型材直径的分段
5    ,5’ 具有恒定空心型材直径的分段
6    具有较小空心型材直径的分段
7   粘接剂

Claims (11)

1.一种桁架结构，所述桁架结构由上弦杆（1）、下弦杆（2）和斜支撑（3,3’）组成，所述上弦杆（1）、下弦杆（2）和斜支撑（3,3’）由钢制空心型材制成，所述斜支撑作为支承部件，其中至少斜支撑由分段（4,5,5’,6）组成，所述分段利用节点连接相互连接并且处于轴向压应力的负荷下，并且斜支撑的节点连接由可拆卸的、形状锁合的插连接构成。
2.如权利要求1所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，为了建立插连接所述分段（4）的一端保留加大的直径，并且要形状锁合地插入到其中的分段（5）端部在直径上保持恒定。
3.如权利要求1所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，为了建立插连接所述分段（6）的一端在直径上减小并且要形状锁合地插接到其上的分段（5’）端部在直径上保持恒定。
4.如权利要求1所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，所述分段（4,5,5’,6）利用可插入其中或可插在其上的套筒连接。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，所述插连接配有防松动保险。
6.如权利要求5所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，所述保险是粘接剂。
7.如权利要求5所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，所述保险是夹紧部件。
8.如权利要求7所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，所述夹紧部件是楔体。
9.如权利要求7所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，所述夹紧部件是夹紧环。
10.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，所述上弦杆（1）、下弦杆（2）和斜支撑（3,3’）的空心型材由热加工的无缝管制成。
11.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的桁架结构，其特征在于，所述上弦杆（1）、下弦杆（2）和斜支撑（3,3’）的空心型材由焊接的冷加工或热加工的管制成。
CN201080060586.0A 2010-01-04 2010-12-03 桁架结构 Expired - Fee Related CN102725460B (zh)

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DE102010004155.6 2010-01-04
DE102010004155A DE102010004155A1 (de) 2010-01-04 2010-01-04 Verbindungsanordnung von unter Axialdruck stehenden Hohlprofilen aus Stahl
PCT/DE2010/001432 WO2011079832A1 (de) 2010-01-04 2010-12-03 Verbindungsanordnung von unter axialdruck stehenden hohlprofilen aus stahl

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DE102010004155A1 (de) * 2010-01-04 2011-07-07 V & M Deutschland GmbH, 40472 Verbindungsanordnung von unter Axialdruck stehenden Hohlprofilen aus Stahl
EP2719842B1 (en) * 2011-04-29 2015-09-02 Geo-Hidrol, S.A. Framework for structural use
CN102979184B (zh) * 2012-12-11 2015-01-28 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 杆件连接装置
CN106812245B (zh) * 2017-01-23 2019-05-28 合肥饰界金属制品有限公司 桁架

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US9187900B2 (en) 2015-11-17
CN102725460A (zh) 2012-10-10
CA2785863A1 (en) 2011-07-07
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WO2011079832A1 (de) 2011-07-07
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DE102010004155A1 (de) 2011-07-07
US20130125496A1 (en) 2013-05-23

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