CN102725339B - 被保护的n-羟基酰亚胺衍生物和过渡金属在透明聚烯烃薄膜中作为氧气清除剂体系的用途 - Google Patents
被保护的n-羟基酰亚胺衍生物和过渡金属在透明聚烯烃薄膜中作为氧气清除剂体系的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102725339B CN102725339B CN201080054939.6A CN201080054939A CN102725339B CN 102725339 B CN102725339 B CN 102725339B CN 201080054939 A CN201080054939 A CN 201080054939A CN 102725339 B CN102725339 B CN 102725339B
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- oxygen
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- phthalic imidine
- phenyl
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于食品包装应用的氧气清除剂组合物,其包含(I)聚合物树脂,(II)一种或多种低聚光敏剂,(III)金属盐,优选硬脂酸铜或硬脂酸锰,(IV)可氧化的牺牲基材以及任选的(V)额外组分。
Description
有许多产品必须保持在密闭空间中或在很少氧气或几乎没有氧气下包装。这些氧气敏感性产品包括由于氧气存在而易降解的药物、食品、肉类、饮料等。
限制氧气暴露提供了一种保持和提高包装产品的质量和贮存期限的措施。在储存过程中从包装食品中除去氧气并针对氧气渗透构建阻隔是食品包装技术人员的重要目标。例如将食品包装于能使氧气暴露最小化的包装体中是使包装产品在延长的时间内保持质量并延缓产品腐败,从而使其在存货中保持更长时间而不导致浪费且无需重新进货和置换的措施。
在食品包装行业中,已开发出几种技术以限制氧气敏感包装材料的氧气暴露。这类技术包括使用阻隔材料(具有低透氧性)作为包装材料的一部分、除包装材料之外引入一些能消耗氧气的物品(通过使用具有能与氧气反应的物质的小袋)以及在包装体内产生降低的氧气环境(例如气调包装(MAP)和真空包装)。
即使上述技术各自在工业上占有一席之地,但普遍认为引入氧气清除剂作为包装制品的一部分是限制氧气暴露的最理想方式之一。
对氧气敏感的产品,特别是食品、饮料和药物,在氧气存在下劣化或变坏。一种降低这些困难的方法是用含有至少一层所谓的“被动”气体阻隔膜的包装材料包装该类产品,该阻隔膜可以对氧气的透过起物理阻隔的作用,但不与氧气反应。由乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物(EVOH)或聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC)得到的薄膜由于其优异的氧气阻隔性能通常用于该目的。通过物理阻断氧气的透过,这些阻隔膜可以随着时间流逝而在包装体内保持最初氧气水平。然而,由于被动阻隔膜可能增加包装构造的成本且不降低已经存在于包装构造中的氧气水平,因此需要有效的、更低成本替换方案和改进。
在包装体内实现或保持低氧环境的方法是使用含有氧气吸收材料的小包。有时也称为盒或小袋的小包与产品一起置于包装体内部。Sakamoto等在日本专利申请公开号121634/81(1981)中公开了氧气吸收小包。用于该小包中所装氧气清除剂中的典型成分是还原的铁粉,其如US-A-4,856,650所公开的那样可以与氧气反应而形成氧化亚铁或氧化铁。如US-A-4,992,410所述,还已知在该小包中与铁一起引入反应促进剂如氯化钠和吸水剂如硅胶。日本专利申请公开号82-24634(1982)公开了一种氧气吸收剂组合物,其包含100重量份(pbw)铁粉,2-7pbw氯化铵,8-15pbw酸水溶液和20-50pbw微水溶性填料如活性粘土。日本专利申请公开号79-158386(1979)公开了一种氧气捕获组合物,其包含金属如铁、铜或锌以及任选还包含0.001-100pbw/1pbw金属的金属卤化物如氯化钠或氯化锌和0.01-100pbw/1pbw金属的填料如粘土。
尽管用于小包中的氧气吸收剂或清除剂材料可以与该包装体中的氧气—有时也称为“顶空氧气”发生化学反应,但它们不能防止外部氧气渗入包装体中。因此,对于使用该类小包的包装而言通常引入额外的保护如包封或上述类型的被动阻隔膜。这增加了产品成本。对于许多易于制备的食品,氧气清除剂小包的另一困难在于消费者可能错误地打开它们并与该食品一起用完其内容物。此外,将小包放入容器中的额外制造步骤可能减缓生产。此外,氧气吸收小包不能用于液体产品。
鉴于这些缺点和限制,已经有人建议直接向包装制品的壁中掺入所谓的“主动”吸氧剂,即与氧气反应的那些。由于该包装制品配制成包括与穿透其壁的氧气反应的材料,据说该包装提供了有别于阻断氧气的透过但不与其反应的被动阻隔膜的“主动阻隔层”。主动阻隔包装是保护氧气敏感性产品的诱人方式,因为它不仅可以防止氧气从外部到达产物,而且可以吸收存在于容器中的氧气。
获得主动阻隔包装的一种方法是将可氧化金属(例如铁)和电解质(例如氯化钠)的混合物掺入合适的树脂中,将所得混合物熔融加工成单层或多层片材或薄膜并将所得含氧气清除剂的片材或薄膜成型为硬质或软质容器或其它包装制品或组件。这类主动阻隔层公开于日本专利申请公开号56-60642(1981)中,该申请涉及由含有铁、锌或铜和金属卤化物的热塑性树脂构成的氧气清除片材。公开的树脂包括聚乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。优选的金属卤化物是氯化钠。组分比例应使得每100份树脂存在1-500份金属卤化物且每100份金属存在1-200份金属卤化物。类似地,US-A-5,153,038公开了具有由树脂组合物形成的各种层结构的塑料多层容器,所述组合物通过将氧气清除剂以及任选吸水剂掺入气体阻隔树脂中而形成。该氧气清除剂可以是金属粉末如铁、低价金属氧化物或还原性金属化合物。该氧气清除剂可以与助剂化合物如碱金属或碱土金属的氢氧化物、碳酸盐、亚硫酸盐、硫代亚硫酸盐、三代磷酸盐、二代磷酸盐、有机酸盐或卤化物组合使用。吸水剂可以是无机盐如氯化钠、氯化钙、氯化锌、氯化铵、硫酸铵、硫酸钠、硫酸镁、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钠、碳酸钾或硝酸钠。该氧气清除剂基于该阻隔树脂的重量可以以1-1000重量%存在。该吸水剂基于该阻隔树脂的重量可以以1-300重量%存在。
将可氧化金属(例如铁)和金属卤化物(例如氯化钠)掺入热塑性层中的清除剂体系所具有的一个困难是氧化反应的无效。为了在主动阻隔包装中获得足够的氧气吸收,通常使用清除剂组合物的高加载量。这通常要求含有清除剂组合物的片材、薄膜和其它包装层或壁结构较厚。这又加重包装材料的成本且可能妨碍具有足够氧气清除能力的包装薄膜的实现。
公开于US-A-4,104,192中的另一氧气清除组合物包含连二亚硫酸盐和至少一种具有结晶水或水合水的化合物。在这些化合物中列举了各种水合钠盐,包括碳酸盐、硫酸盐、亚硫酸盐和磷酸盐;具体提到了十水合焦磷酸钠。如该专利表1实施例1所公开的那样,十水合焦磷酸钠是所测试化合物中效力最差的。此外,使用含水合物的化合物可能不适合要求高温加工的氧气清除树脂。US-A-5,744,056、US-A-6,369,148和US-A-6,586,514描述了一种氧气清除组合物,其包含可氧化的金属组分、电解质组分和在热塑性树脂熔融制造温度下热稳定的非电解质酸化组分。WO2006089895公开了一种其中电解质组分参与氧化反应的类似体系,其通过路易斯酸盐和/或其加合物的水解获得。
这类清除剂体系的一个困难在于聚合物基体内氧化反应效率较低。事实上,一个铁分子通常仅吸收一个氧气分子,因此该清除剂活性体系通常必须以高加载量使用,这导致成本、相容性、透明度和颜色问题。在EP-A-1423456中,例如将金属的浓度限制为小于0.25%以获得更为透明的塑料制品,这显著限制了其效力。
一种不同于合成热塑性材料如聚烯烃均聚物和共聚物中所用氧气清除剂技术的方法包括使用常规降解添加剂如基于钴、铜或镍的过渡金属盐,它们在许多要求氧吸收的应用中表现很好。此时聚合物基体本身起可氧化基材作用且氧气清除过程必须经由沿碳-碳聚烯烃链的氧化反应进行,该反应由多价金属离子的氧化还原循环催化。然而,许多国家因环境关切的原因而对该类过渡金属的使用具有限制规定。
在有和没有金属作为助催化剂下氧化基于N-羟基邻苯二甲酰亚胺(NHPI)的有机基材的催化体系描述于J.Org.Chem.1996,61,4520-4526中。
Chemistry,第56卷,第7期,18-23,2001和Journal of SyntheticOrganic Chemistry,第59卷,第1期,4-12,2001公开了与各种金属盐共存的N-羟基酰亚胺化合物与空气中所含氧气反应而用作链烷烃、链烯烃和醇的氧化催化剂。WO2005/010101涉及该类自氧化促进剂在用于包装材料的含可氧化聚合物的氧气吸收剂中的用途。
JP-A-2000-290312描述了一种其中使用N-羟基酰亚胺化合物作为催化剂由含有氧原子的气体使各种聚合物变性的方法。该方法允许将极性基团有效引入聚合物中而不切断聚合物的主链并且由此可以得到抗静电性能优异的聚合物。
然而,允许这些氧化反应在极性溶剂如乙酸等存在下,即在主动吸收氧气的溶剂存在下发生。这些反应是在液体相和液体相之间或在固体相和液体相之间发生且因此基于过渡金属的介入和在液体中发生的催化剂流动的氧化反应。另一方面,要求该吸氧材料甚至在它吸收氧气时也保持其固态。因此,要求在该吸氧材料中发生的反应是在固体相和蒸气相之间发生的反应。然而,根本没有研究发生该反应的可能性。
因此,尽管已经提出了许多保持或降低包装物品中的氧气水平的方法,但仍然需要改进的氧气清除组合物和利用该组合物的包装材料。
因此,本发明的目的是提供改进的氧气清除组合物和包装材料。另一目的是提供具有改进效率的低成本氧气清除组合物。另一目的是提供甚至可以在相对低水平下有效用于宽范围的主动阻隔包装薄膜和片材(包括层压的和共挤出的多层薄膜和片材)中的氧气清除组合物。另一目的是提供可以通过减缓外部氧气进入容器中、通过吸收存在于容器内的氧气或通过这二者而提高氧气敏感性产品的贮存期限的主动阻隔包装容器。其它目的对本领域熟练技术人员将是明显的。
本发明所解决的问题要求使用热稳定的被保护环状N-羟基酰亚胺衍生物,其中过渡金属催化剂与可氧化基材如但不限于基于α和/或β-蒎烯和/或d-苎烯的聚萜烯树脂组合用作透明食品包装氧气清除剂应用的有机催化氧化添加剂。除了描述催化剂本身的使用的几个实例外,也给出合适催化剂前体的实例,这些前体使用光、湿气和/或热来触发降解过程的开始。该有机氧化促进剂的催化作用以N-羟基邻苯二甲酰亚胺作为举例化合物总结于如下方案中:
通过根据树脂需要设计环状N-羟基酰亚胺衍生物,极性可以通过改变基础核的取代方式而容易地调节。非极性树脂如聚烯烃要求亲油性取代基,如支化和线性烷基链,而为更极性的树脂如聚乙烯醇设计的环状N-羟基酰亚胺可以通过连接更亲水的基团如聚乙二醇或多羟基化合物如糖类而改性。
当环状酰亚胺的N-羟基结构部分的氢被不同取代基替代时要特别注意。对于这类分子,可以通过热、光和/或湿气触发活性硝酰自由基物种的形成,该物种对有机基材的氧化呈活性,其中该聚合物的氧化可以在过渡金属催化剂、其它助催化剂、自由基引发剂、光敏剂或光引发剂、初级氧化剂或其混合物存在或不存在下独立地发生。
下列低聚和单体分子代表了上述概念的实例:
单体NHPI衍生物:
低聚NHPI衍生物:
最终产品可以是用于食品包装应用的任何类型塑料产品,其需要提高的氧气清除剂活性。例如,该聚合物组分可以用于制造单层或多层塑料薄膜、片材、层压材料、托盘、瓶子、聚苯乙烯泡沫杯、泡罩包装、盒子、包装垫料。这些制品可以通过本领域熟练技术人员可得的任何方法制造,这些方法包括但不限于挤出、挤坯吹塑、薄膜流延、簿膜吹塑、压延、注塑、吹塑、压塑成型、热成型、纺丝、吹胀挤出和旋转流延。
环状N-羟基酰亚胺衍生物、过渡金属催化剂、可氧化基材和任选其它额外组分可以同时或依次与聚合物组分混合,或者也可以直接在实际加工步骤之前混合。
因此,本发明涉及一种氧气清除组合物,其包含:
(I)聚合物树脂,优选热塑性聚合物,如:
-烯烃单体如乙烯和丙烯以及还有高级1-烯烃如1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯或1-辛烯的均聚物和共聚物。优选聚乙烯LDPE和LLDPE、HDPE以及聚丙烯;
-烯烃单体与二烯烃单体如丁二烯、异戊二烯和环烯烃如降冰片烯的均聚物和共聚物;
-一种或多种1-烯烃和/或二烯烃与一氧化碳和/或其它乙烯基单体的共聚物,所述乙烯基单体包括但不限于丙烯酸及其对应丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸及其对应酯、乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯醇、乙烯基酮、苯乙烯、马来酸酐和氯乙烯;
-聚乙烯醇;
(II)基于如下所定义的环状氧基酰亚胺核,特别是基于下表所给化合物的有机氧化添加剂:
一些其它实例为:
氧化添加剂基于聚合物树脂可以以0.001-10重量%,优选0.01-5重量%,最优选0.1-5重量%的总浓度存在;
(III)基于Co、Ce、Mn、Cu、Ni、Vd的金属盐。优选这些盐为具有C12-C36碳数的脂肪酸的金属盐。最优选棕榈酸(C16)、硬脂酸(C18)、油酸(C18)、亚油酸(C18)和亚麻酸(C18)的金属羧酸盐。该过渡金属盐优选为锰盐,其基于聚合物树脂可以以0.001-10重量%,优选0.01-5重量%,最优选0.1-5重量%的总浓度存在。可能的还有芳族酸如苯甲酸。这些盐的应用实例在US-A-3,840,512和US-A-4,101,720中给出;
(IV)可氧化的牺牲基材,例如可以使用聚丁二烯、聚酯、角鲨烷、角鲨烯、聚苯乙烯、聚苎烯、聚α-蒎烯、聚β-蒎烯、聚降冰片烯、聚乳酸、线性和支化烷基链醇(R:C6-C30)的混合物。优选这些可氧化基材基于聚合物树脂以0.001-10重量%,优选0.01-5重量%,最优选0.1-5重量%的总浓度存在;以及任选地
(V)额外的组分。
任选的额外组分包括:
-填料和增强剂,如碳酸钙、硅石、玻璃纤维、玻璃球、滑石、高岭土、云母、硫酸钡、金属氧化物和氢氧化物、碳黑、石墨、木粉、其它天然产品的粉、合成纤维、用作填料的硬脂酸盐如硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸锌;
-颜料如碳黑、呈其金红石或锐钛矿形式的二氧化钛以及其它彩色颜料;
-光稳定剂、抗氧化剂和/或其它光稳定剂,例如:
1.烷基化单酚,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚,2-叔丁基-4,6-二甲基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-正丁基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚,2,6-二环戊基-4-甲基苯酚,2-(α-甲基环己基)-4,6-二甲基苯酚,2,6-二-十八烷基-4-甲基苯酚,2,4,6-三环己基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基甲基苯酚,侧链为线性或支化的壬基酚类,例如2,6-二壬基-4-甲基苯酚,2,4-二甲基-6-(1′-甲基十一烷-1′-基)苯酚,2,4-二甲基-6-(1′-甲基十七烷-1′-基)苯酚,2,4-二甲基-6-(1′-甲基十三烷-1′-基)苯酚及其混合物。
2.烷硫基甲基酚类,例如2,4-二辛硫基甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚,2,4-二辛硫基甲基-6-甲基苯酚,2,4-二辛硫基甲基-6-乙基苯酚,2,6-二-十二烷硫基甲基-4-壬基苯酚。
3.氢醌类和烷基化氢醌类,例如2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基苯酚,2,5-二叔丁基氢醌,2,5-二叔戊基氢醌,2,6-二苯基-4-十八烷氧基苯酚,2,6-二叔丁基氢醌,2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基茴香醚,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基茴香醚,硬脂酸3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基酯,己二酸二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)酯。
4.生育酚类,例如α-生育酚,β-生育酚,γ-生育酚,δ-生育酚及其混合物(维生素E)。
5.羟基化硫代二苯醚,例如2,2′-硫代二(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚),2,2′-硫代二(4-辛基苯酚),4,4′-硫代二(6-叔丁基-3-甲基苯酚),4,4′-硫代二(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚),4,4′-硫代二(3,6-二仲戊基苯酚),4,4′-二(2,6-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)二硫化物。
6.亚烷基双酚类,例如2,2′-亚甲基二(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚),2,2′-亚甲基二(6-叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚),2,2′-亚甲基二[4-甲基-6-(α-甲基环己基)苯酚],2,2′-亚甲基二(4-甲基-6-环己基苯酚),2,2′-亚甲基二(6-壬基-4-甲基苯酚),2,2′-亚甲基二(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚),2,2′-亚乙基二(4,6-二叔丁基苯酚),2,2′-亚乙基二(6-叔丁基-4-异丁基苯酚),2,2′-亚甲基二[6-(α-甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚],2,2′-亚甲基二[6-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚],4,4′-亚甲基二(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚),4,4′-亚甲基二(6-叔丁基-2-甲基苯酚),1,1-二(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷,2,6-二(3-叔丁基-5-甲基-2-羟基苄基)-4-甲基苯酚,1,1,3-三(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷,1,1-二(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-3-正十二烷硫基丁烷,乙二醇二[3,3-二(3'-叔丁基-4'-羟基苯基)丁酸酯],二(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)二聚环戊二烯,对苯二甲酸二[2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-甲基苄基)-6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯基]酯,1,1-二(3,5-二甲基-2-羟基苯基)丁烷,2,2-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷,2,2-二(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)-4-正十二烷硫基丁烷,1,1,5,5-四(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-2-甲基苯基)戊烷。
7.O-、N-和S-苄基化合物,例如3,5,3',5'-四叔丁基-4,4'-二羟基二苄基醚,4-羟基-3,5-二甲基苄基巯基乙酸十八烷基酯,4-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基巯基乙酸十三烷基酯,三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)胺、二硫代对苯二甲酸二(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)酯,二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)硫化物,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基巯基乙酸异辛基酯。
8.羟苄基化丙二酸酯类,例如2,2-二(3,5-二叔丁基-2-羟基苄基)丙二酸二-十八烷基酯,2-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苄基)丙二酸二-十八烷基酯,2,2-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸二-十二烷硫基乙基酯,2,2-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)丙二酸二[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]酯。
9.芳族羟苄基化合物,例如1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,4,6-三甲基苯,1,4-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)-2,3,5,6-四甲基苯,2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯酚。
10.三嗪化合物,例如2,4-二(辛硫基)-6-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-辛硫基-4,6-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-辛硫基-4,6-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯氧基)-1,2,3-三嗪,异氰脲酸1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)酯,异氰脲酸1,3,5-三(4-叔丁基-3-羟基-2,6-二甲基苄基)酯,2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙基)-1,3,5-三嗪,1,3,5-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)-六氢-1,3,5-三嗪,异氰脲酸1,3,5-三(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苄基)酯。
11.苄基膦酸酯,例如2,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸二甲酯,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸二乙酯,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸二-十八烷基酯,5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苄基膦酸二-十八烷基酯,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基膦酸单乙酯的钙盐。
12.酰氨基酚类,例如4-羟基月桂酰替苯胺,4-羟基硬脂酰替苯胺,N-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)氨基甲酸辛酯。
13.β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元醇或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、异氰脲酸三(羟乙基)酯、N,N'-二(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷的酯。
14.β-(5-叔丁基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸与一元醇或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇、乙醇、正辛醇、异辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、异氰脲酸三(羟乙基)酯、N,N'-二(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷、3,9-二[2-{3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酰氧基}-1,1-二甲基乙基]-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷的酯。
15.β-(3,5-二环己基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸与一元醇或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、异氰脲酸三(羟乙基)酯、N,N'-二(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷的酯。
16.3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基乙酸与一元醇或多元醇的酯,例如与甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、新戊二醇、硫二甘醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、季戊四醇、异氰脲酸三(羟乙基)酯、N,N'-二(羟乙基)草酰胺、3-硫杂十一烷醇、3-硫杂十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、4-羟基甲基-1-磷杂-2,6,7-三氧杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷的酯。
17.β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸的酰胺,例如N,N'-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)六亚甲基二胺,N,N'-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)三亚甲基二胺,N,N'-二(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基丙酰基)肼,N,N'-双[2-(3-[3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基]丙酰氧基)乙基]草酰胺(XL-1,由Uniroyal提供)。
18.抗坏血酸(维生素C)
19.胺类抗氧化剂,例如N,N'-二异丙基对苯二胺,N,N'-二仲丁基对苯二胺,N,N'-二(1,4-二甲基戊基)对苯二胺,N,N'-二(1-乙基-3-甲基戊基)对苯二胺,N,N'-二(1-甲基庚基)对苯二胺,N,N'-二环己基对苯二胺,N,N'-二苯基对苯二胺,N,N'-二(2-萘基)对苯二胺,N-异丙基-N'-苯基对苯二胺,N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基对苯二胺,N-(1-甲基庚基)-N'-苯基对苯二胺,N-环己基-N'-苯基对苯二胺,4-(对甲苯氨磺酰基)二苯基胺,N,N'-二甲基-N,N'-二仲丁基对苯二胺,二苯基胺,N-烯丙基二苯基胺,4-异丙氧基二苯基胺,N-苯基-1-萘基胺,N-(4-叔辛基苯基)-1-萘基胺,N-苯基-2-萘基胺,辛基化二苯基胺,例如4,4'-二叔辛基二苯基胺,4-正丁基氨基苯酚,4-丁酰氨基苯酚,4-壬酰氨基苯酚,4-十二烷酰氨基苯酚,4-十八烷酰氨基苯酚,二(4-甲氧基苯基)胺,2,6-二叔丁基-4-二甲氨基甲基苯酚,2,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷,4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷,N,N,N',N'-四甲基-4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷,1,2-二[(2-甲基苯基)氨基]乙烷,1,2-二(苯基氨基)丙烷,邻甲苯基双胍,二[4-(1',3'-二甲基丁基)苯基]胺,叔辛基化N-苯基-1-萘基胺,单-和二烷基化叔丁基/叔辛基二苯基胺的混合物,单-和二烷基化壬基二苯基胺的混合物,单-和二烷基化十二烷基二苯基胺的混合物,单-和二烷基化异丙基/异己基二苯基胺的混合物,单-和二烷基化叔丁基二苯基胺的混合物,2,3-二氢-3,3-二甲基-4H-1,4-苯并噻嗪,吩噻嗪,单-和二烷基化叔丁基/叔辛基吩噻嗪的混合物,单-和二烷基化叔辛基吩噻嗪的混合物,N-烯丙基吩噻嗪、N,N,N',N'-四苯基-1,4-二氨基丁-2-烯。
20.2-(2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑类,例如2-(2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3',5'-二叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(5'-叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(2'-羟基-5'-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3',5'-二叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑,2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑,2-(3'-仲丁基-5'-叔丁基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(2'-羟基-4'-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3',5'-二叔戊基-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3',5'-二(α,α-二甲基苄基)-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-辛氧羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑,2-(3'-叔丁基-5'-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2'-羟基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑,2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑,2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-辛氧羰基乙基)苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3'-叔丁基-5'-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2'-羟基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3'-十二烷基-2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑,2-(3'-叔丁基-2'-羟基-5'-(2-异辛氧羰基乙基)苯基苯并三唑,2,2'-亚甲基二[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-6-苯并三唑-2-基苯酚];2-[3'-叔丁基-5'-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2'-羟基苯基]-2H-苯并三唑与聚乙二醇300的酯交换产物;其中R=3'-叔丁基-4'-羟基-5'-2H-苯并三唑-2-基苯基,2-[2'-羟基-3'-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-5'-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]苯并三唑;2-[2'-羟基-3'-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-5'-(α,α-二甲基苄基)苯基]苯并三唑。
21.2-羟基二苯甲酮类,例如4-羟基、4-甲氧基、4-辛氧基、4-癸氧基、4-十二烷氧基、4-苄氧基、4,2',4'-三羟基和2'-羟基-4,4'-二甲氧基衍生物。
22.取代和未取代苯甲酸的酯,例如水杨酸4-叔丁基苯酯,水杨酸苯酯,水杨酸辛基苯酯,二苯甲酰间苯二酚,二(4-叔丁基苯甲酰)间苯二酚,苯甲酰间苯二酚,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2,4-二叔丁基苯酯,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十六烷基酯,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸十八烷基酯,3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯甲酸2-甲基-4,6-二叔丁基苯酯。
23.丙烯酸酯类,例如α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸乙酯,α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸异辛酯,α-甲酯基肉桂酸甲酯,α-氰基-β-甲基对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯,α-氰基-β-甲基对甲氧基肉桂酸丁酯,α-甲酯基对甲氧基肉桂酸甲酯,N-(β-甲酯基-β-氰基乙烯基)-2-甲基二氢吲哚,四(α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸)新戊基酯。
24.位阻胺类,例如碳酸二(1-十一烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯,癸二酸二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯,琥珀酸二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯,癸二酸二(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)酯,癸二酸二(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯,正丁基-3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基丙二酸二(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)酯,1-(2-羟基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-羟基哌啶和琥珀酸的缩合物,N,N'-二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺和4-叔辛基氨基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的线性或环状缩合物,次氮基三乙酸三(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯,1,2,3,4-丁烷四甲酸四(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯,1,1'-(1,2-亚乙基)-二(3,3,5,5-四甲基哌嗪酮),4-苯甲酰基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶,4-硬脂氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶,2-正丁基-2-(2-羟基-3,5-二叔丁基苄基)丙二酸二(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌啶基)酯,3-正辛基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-2,4-二酮,癸二酸二(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)酯,琥珀酸二(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)酯,N,N'-二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺和4-吗啉基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的线性或环状缩合物,2-氯-4,6-二(4-正丁基氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶基)-1,3,5-三嗪和1,2-二(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物,2-氯-4,6-二(4-正丁基氨基-1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌啶基)-1,3,5-三嗪和1,2-二(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷的缩合物,8-乙酰基-3-十二烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1,3,8-三氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷-2,4-二酮,3-十二烷基-1-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷酮-2,5-二酮,3-十二烷基-1-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)吡咯烷酮-2,5-二酮,4-十六烷氧基-和4-硬脂氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的混合物,N,N'-二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺和4-环己基氨基-2,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪的缩合物,1,2-二(3-氨基丙基氨基)乙烷和2,4,6-三氯-1,3,5-三嗪以及4-丁基氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的缩合物(CAS登记号[136504-96-6]),1,6-己二胺和2,4,6-三氯-1,3,5-三嗪以及N,N-二丁基胺和4-丁基氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶的缩合物(CAS登记号[192268-64-7]),N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)正十二烷基琥珀酰亚胺,N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)正十二烷基琥珀酰亚胺,2-十一烷基-7,7,9,9-四甲基-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧代螺[4,5]癸烷,7,7,9,9-四甲基-2-环十一烷基-1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-4-氧代螺[4,5]癸烷和表氯醇的反应产物,1,1-二(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基氧羰基)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙烯,N,N'-二甲酰基-N,N'-二(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亚甲基二胺,4-甲氧基亚甲基丙二酸与1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-羟基哌啶的二酯,聚[甲基丙基-3-氧基-4-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)]硅氧烷,马来酸酐-α-烯烃共聚物与2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-氨基哌啶或1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-氨基哌啶的反应产物,2,4-二[N-(1-环己氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)-N-丁基氨基]-6-(2-羟基乙基)氨基-1,3,5-三嗪,1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙氧基)-4-十八烷酰氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶,5-(2-乙基己酰基)氧基甲基-3,3,5-三甲基-2-吗啉酮,Sanduvor(Clariant;CAS登记号106917-31-1],5-(2-乙基己酰基)氧基甲基-3,3,5-三甲基-2-吗啉酮,2,4-二[(1-环己氧基-2,2,6,6-哌啶-4-基)丁基氨基]-6-氯-s-三嗪与N,N’-二(3-氨基丙基)乙二胺)的反应产物,1,3,5-三(N-环己基-N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌嗪-3-酮-4-基)氨基)-s-三嗪,1,3,5-三(N-环己基-N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基哌嗪-3-酮-4-基)氨基)-s-三嗪。
25.草酰胺类,例如4,4'-二辛氧基草酰替苯胺,2,2'-二乙氧基草酰替苯胺,2,2'-二辛氧基-5,5'-二叔丁基草酰替苯胺,2,2'-二(十二烷氧基)-5,5'-二叔丁基草酰替苯胺,2-乙氧基-2'-乙基草酰替苯胺,N,N'-双(3-二甲基氨基丙基)草酰胺,2-乙氧基-5-叔丁基-2'-乙基草酰替苯胺及其与2-乙氧基-2'-乙基-5,4'-二叔丁基草酰替苯胺的混合物,邻-和对-甲氧基二取代草酰替苯胺的混合物以及邻-和对-乙氧基二取代草酰替苯胺的混合物。
26.2-(2-羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪类,例如2,4,6-三(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2,4-二(2-羟基-4-丙氧基苯基)-6-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-二(4-甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-十二烷氧基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-十三烷氧基苯基)-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-丁氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-辛氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-[4-(十二烷氧基/十三烷氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)-2-羟基苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-[2-羟基-4-(2-羟基-3-十二烷氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-己氧基)苯基-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,2,4,6-三[2-羟基-4-(3-丁氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯基]-1,3,5-三嗪,2-(2-羟基苯基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,2-{2-羟基-4-[3-(2-乙基己基-1-氧基)-2-羟基丙氧基]苯基}-4,6-二(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,2,4-二(4-[2-乙基己氧基]-2-羟基苯基)-6-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪。
-加工添加剂如防滑/抗结块添加剂、增塑剂、荧光增白剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂;
-抗氧化剂可以以在加工和成型步骤中稳定所述聚合物的量存在,但其目的不是为了防止降解的大量不合乎需要。
本发明尤其涉及一种聚合物制品,其具有由光和/或热和/或湿气触发的加速氧气清除剂性能且由含有如下组分的组合物制成:
(A)天然和/或合成聚合物,其优选基于烯烃单体的均聚物和共聚物,以及
(B)基于式(I)的环状氧基酰亚胺的降解促进剂:
其中
n为1、2或4;
X为>C=O、>S(O)2或>C(X1)(X2);
X1和X2相互独立地为氢,C1-C20烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个相同或不同的C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基或未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯基;
Y为C1-C30烷基,C2-C30链烯基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烯基,具有6-10个碳原子的双环或三环烃基,未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的二苯基甲基,未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的三苯基甲基,C2-C30酰基,-COOY0,C1-C30磺酰基,-Si(Y1)3或-Si(OY2)3;
Y0、Y1和Y2相互独立地为氢,C1-C18烷基,C3-C18链烯基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯基,或未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基;以及
Z为有机基团;
条件是
(1)当Y为C1-C30烷基、C2-C30链烯基或C1-C30磺酰基时,组分(A)为聚烯烃均聚物或共聚物或聚烯烃均聚物或共聚物与另一合成聚合物的共混物;和
(2)但n为2或4且同时组分(A)为聚烯烃均聚物或共聚物或聚烯烃均聚物或共聚物与另一合成聚合物的共混物时,Y额外为氢。
基团Y优选不为氢。
根据优选实施方案之一,Z为含有一个或多个芳族基团的有机基团。
当n为1时,Z尤其为式(I-a)、(I-b)、(I-c)、(I-d)、(I-e)、(I-f)、(I-g)、(I-h)、(I-i)、(I-j)、(I-k)、(I-I)、(I-m)或(I-n)的基团:
式(I-a)-(I-d)和(I-k)-(I-n)的芳族环和式(I-e)-(I-j)的残基任选被一个或多个选自如下的基团取代:羟基,C1-C30烷基,C1-C30烷氧基,C2-C30链烯基,C2-C30链烯氧基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷氧基,C6-C18芳基,C6-C18芳氧基,C2-C30羧酸酯,C2-C30羧酰胺,C2-C30酰氧基,C1-C30酰基,C1-C30磺酰基,-S-Z100,-S(O)2(N(Z101)2),-N(Z102)2,-F,-Cl,-Br,-NO2或-COOH;
Z100、Z101、Z102和Z1相互独立地为氢,C1-C18烷基,C3-C18链烯基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯基,或未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基;以及
当n为2时,Z尤其为式(II-a)、(II-b)、(II-c)或(II-d)的基团:
式(II-a)-(II-c)的芳族环任选被一个或多个选自如下的基团取代:羟基,C1-C30烷基,C1-C30烷氧基,C2-C30链烯基,C2-C30链烯氧基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷氧基,C6-C18芳基,C6-C18芳氧基,C2-C30羧酸酯,C2-C30羧酰胺,C2-C30酰氧基,C1-C30酰基,C1-C30磺酰基,-S-Z100,-S(O)2(N(Z101)2),-N(Z102)2,-F,-Cl,-Br,-NO2或-COOH;
Z2为>C=O、-O-、-S-、>N-R1、>S=O或-S(O)2-,C3-C30二酰基,C3-C30二(酰氧基),C3-C45二羧酸酯,C3-C45二(羧酰胺),二胺或二酰胺;
Z3和Z4相互独立地为>C=O、-O-、-S-、>N-R2、>S=O或-S(O)2-;
R1和R2相互独立地为氢,C1-C18烷基,C3-C18链烯基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯基,或未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基;
当n为4时,Z为式(III-a)的基团:
具有至多30个碳原子的烷基的实例是甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、2-乙基丁基、正戊基、异戊基、1-甲基戊基、1,3-二甲基丁基、正己基、1-甲基己基、正庚基、异庚基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基、1-甲基庚基、3-甲基庚基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、1,1,3-三甲基己基、1,1,3,3-四甲基戊基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、1-甲基十一烷基、十二烷基、1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基己基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、十六烷基、十七烷基、十八烷基和二十烷基。通常优选C1-C20烷基,尤其是C4-C20烷基或C6-C20烷基。Z1、R1和R2相互独立地例如为C1-C4烷基。
C1-C30烷氧基的实例是甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、仲丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基、2-乙基丁氧基、正戊氧基、异戊氧基、1-甲基戊氧基、1,3-二甲基丁氧基、正己氧基、1-甲基己氧基、正庚氧基、异庚氧基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁氧基、1-甲基庚氧基、3-甲基庚氧基、正辛氧基、2-乙基己氧基、1,1,3-三甲基己氧基、1,1,3,3-四甲基戊氧基、壬氧基、癸氧基、十一烷氧基、1-甲基十一烷氧基、十二烷氧基、1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基己氧基、十三烷氧基、十四烷氧基、十五烷氧基、十六烷氧基、十七烷氧基、十八烷氧基和二十烷氧基。优选C1-C20烷氧基。
具有至多30个碳原子的链烯基的实例是烯丙基、2-甲代烯丙基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基和油基。1位的碳原子优选是饱和的。特别优选C3-C18链烯基。
C2-C30链烯氧基的实例是烯丙氧基、2-甲代烯丙氧基、丁烯氧基、戊烯氧基、己烯氧基和油基氧基。特别优选C3-C18链烯氧基。
未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基的实例是环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基、环十二烷基和2-甲基环己基。优选未取代或被甲基取代的C5-C6环烷基。
未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷氧基的实例是环戊氧基、环己氧基、环庚氧基、环辛氧基、环十二烷氧基和2-甲基环己氧基。优选未取代或被甲基取代的C5-C6环烷氧基。
未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烯基的实例是环己烯基和甲基环己烯基。
C6-C18芳基的实例是可以任选取代的苯基和萘基。优选未取代或取代的苯基。
被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯基的实例是4-甲基苯基、2-乙基苯基、4-乙基苯基、4-异丙基苯基、4-叔丁基苯基、4-仲丁基苯基、4-异丁基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基、3,4-二甲基苯基、2,4-二甲基苯基、2,6-二乙基苯基、2-乙基-6-甲基苯基和2,6-二异丙基苯基。
C6-C18芳氧基的实例是可以任选取代的苯氧基和萘氧基。优选未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯氧基。特别优选4-甲基苯氧基、2-乙基苯氧基、4-乙基苯氧基、4-异丙基苯氧基、4-叔丁基苯氧基、4-仲丁基苯氧基、4-异丁基苯氧基、3,5-二甲基苯氧基、3,4-二甲基苯氧基、2,4-二甲基苯氧基、2,6-二乙基苯氧基、2-乙基-6-甲基苯氧基和2,6-二异丙基苯氧基。
在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的二苯基甲基的实例是二[甲基苯基]甲基。
在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的三苯基甲基的实例是三[甲基苯基]甲基。
未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基的实例是苄基、2-苯基乙基、甲基苄基、二甲基苄基、三甲基苄基和叔丁基苄基。
具有至多30个碳原子的酰基的实例是C2-C30链烷酰基、C3-C30链烯酰基以及未取代或取代的苯甲酰基。优选C2-C20链烷酰基、C3-C20链烯酰基和取代的苯甲酰基。乙酰基、丙酰基、丁酰基、戊酰基、己酰基、辛酰基、苯甲酰基、丙烯酰基和巴豆酰基为更具体的实例。特别优选式的基团以及C2-C20链烷酰基和C3-C20链烯酰基。
C1-C30磺酰基的优选实例是基团其中A1为C1-C30烷基,C3-C30链烯基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C20烷基取代的苯基,或未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基。特别优选的基团是或其可以任选被取代。磺酰基的其它实例是和
具有6-10个碳原子的双环或三环烃基的实例是
C2-C30羧酸酯的优选实例是基团其中A2为C1-C29烷基,C3-C18链烯基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯基,或未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基。
尤其优选
C2-C30羧酰胺的优选实例是基团其中A’2具有A2的定义之一。
特别优选
C2-C30酰氧基的实例优选是C2-C20链烷酰氧基、C3-C20链烯酰氧基和取代苯甲酰氧基。乙酰氧基、丙酰氧基、丁酰氧基、戊酰氧基、己酰氧基、辛酰氧基、苯甲酰氧基、丙烯酰氧基和巴豆酰氧基是更具体的实例。特别优选C2-C20链烷酰氧基、C3-C20链烯酰氧基和苯甲酰氧基。
C3-C30二酰基的优选实例为基团其中A3为C2-C20亚烷基,被氧、硫或>N-R3间隔的C2-C20亚烷基,其中R3具有R1的含义之一,C2-C12亚链烯基,C2-C12亚炔基,C5-C12亚环烷基,C5-C12亚环烷基-(C1-C4亚烷基)-C5-C12亚环烷基,C1-C4亚烷基-(C5-C12亚环烷基)-C1-C4亚烷基,亚苯基,亚苯基-(C1-C4亚烷基)-亚苯基或C1-C4亚烷基-亚苯基-C1-C4亚烷基。
C3-C30二(酰氧基)的优选实例是基团其中A4具有A3的定义之一。
C3-C45二羧酸酯的优选实例是基团其中A5具有A3的定义之一。另一优选实例是
或
C3-C45二(羧酰胺)的优选实例是基团其中A’5具有A3的定义之一。
二胺的优选实例是基团其中R4和R5相互独立地具有R1的含义之一且A6具有A3的含义之一。
二酰胺的优选实例是基团其中R6和R7相互独立地具有R1的定义之一且A7具有A3的定义之一。
具有至多20个碳原子的亚烷基实例是亚乙基、亚丙基、三亚甲基、四亚甲基、五亚甲基、六亚甲基、八亚甲基、十亚甲基和十二亚甲基。
具有至多20个碳原子且被氧、硫或>N-R3间隔的亚烷基实例是3-氧杂戊烷-1,5-二基、4-氧杂庚烷-1,7-二基、3,6-二氧杂辛烷-1,8-二基、4,7-二氧杂癸烷-1,10-二基、4,9-二氧杂十二烷-1,12-二基、3,6,9-三氧杂十一烷-1,11-二基、4,7,10-三氧杂十三烷-1,13-二基、3-硫杂戊烷-1,5-二基、4-硫杂庚烷-1,7-二基、3,6-二硫杂辛烷-1,8-二基、4,7-二硫杂癸烷-1,10-二基、4,9-二硫杂十二烷-1,12-二基、3,6,9-三硫杂十一烷-1,11-二基、4,7,10-三硫杂十三烷-1,13-二基和-CH2CH2CH2-N(R3)-CH2CH2-N(R3)-CH2CH2CH2-,尤其是-CH2CH2CH2-N(CH3)-CH2CH2-N(CH3)-CH2CH2CH2-。
C2-C12亚链烯基的实例是3-亚己烯基。
C2-C12亚炔基的实例是
优选C6-C12亚炔基。
C5-C12亚环烷基的实例是亚环己基。
C5-C12亚环烷基-(C1-C4亚烷基)-C5-C12亚环烷基的实例是亚甲基二亚环己基和异亚丙基二亚环己基。
C1-C4亚烷基-(C5-C12亚环烷基)-C1-C4亚烷基的实例是亚环己基二亚甲基。
亚苯基-(C1-C4亚烷基)-亚苯基的实例是亚甲基二亚苯基。
C1-C4亚烷基-亚苯基-C1-C4亚烷基的实例是亚苯基二亚甲基。
基团X的优选实例是>C=O、>S(O)2、>CH2、>C(CH3)2和>C(苯基)2。
特别优选作为>C=O的X。
n优选为1或2,
对于n=1,Z优选为式(I-a)或(I-d)的基团,而对于n=2,Z优选为式(II-a)或(II-c)的基团。
基团(I-a)的优选实例是式(I-a-1)的残基:
本发明的特别优选实施方案是:
1)如上所定义的聚合物制品,其中Y为氢,以及当n为1时,Z为式(I-b)、(I-c)、(I-d)、(I-j),(I-k)、(I-l)、(I-n)或(I-m)的基团,并且当n为2时,Z为式(II-a)、(II-b)、(II-c)或(II-d)的基团。
2)如上所定义的聚合物制品,其中当n为1时,Z为未取代或被C2-C30羧酸酯或C2-C30羧酰胺取代的式(I-a)基团,以及当n为2时,Z为式(II-a)或(II-c)的基团。
3)如上所定义的聚合物制品,其中当n为1时,Z为在芳族环上被-COOH取代的式(I-a)基团,式的C8-C22烷基羧酸酯或式的C8-C22烷基羧酰胺;或式(I-d)的基团;以及当n为2时,Z为式(II-c)的基团,其中Z2为下式的二羧酸酯:
或
或式的二(羧酰胺)。
4)如上所定义的聚合物制品,其中Y为C1-C30烷基,未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的三苯基甲基,C2-C30酰基,-COOY0,C1-C30磺酰基或-Si(Y1)3;以及Y0和Y1为C1-C18烷基或未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯基。
5)如上所定义的聚合物制品,其中n为1或2,以及当n为1时,Z为式(I-a)或(I-d)的基团,式(I-a)或(I-d)的芳族环任选被C2-C30羧酸酯或-COOH取代;当n为2时,Z为式(II-a)或(II-c)的基团,并且Z2为>C=O或C3-C45二羧酸酯。
6)如上所定义的聚合物制品,其中n为1或2;Y为C1-C30烷基、三苯基甲基、苄基、C2-C30链烷酰基、其中Y0为C1-C18烷基的-COOY0、甲苯磺酰基或叔丁基二苯基硅烷基,以及当n为2时,Y额外为氢;当n为1时,Z为式或的基团,Z0为COOH或-COO-(C1-C20烷基);当n为2时,Z为式 或的基团;
7)如上所定义的聚合物制品,其中组分(B)为下式化合物:
或
所引用实例的合成最好如下列实施例所述进行。
实施例更详细说明本发明。除非另有指明,所有百分数和份数按重量计。
掺入各种添加剂最好在热配混步骤中进行,将氧化添加剂和任选的添加剂彻底混合,然后在升高的温度下挤出物理共混物。通常将具有合适螺杆构造的挤出机用于该步骤。添加剂也可以以由不同方式生产的预调制母料形式加入。为了生产所需制品,可以使用任何合适的机器,这取决于制品的最终形式,例如在薄膜情况下使用吹胀挤出机,在片材情况下使用流延挤出机或使用注塑机。
氧化添加剂:原料的可得性:
用于所引用的实施例1-6的原料是市售化合物,例如
N-羟基邻苯二甲酰亚胺
1,2,4,5-苯四甲酸二酐
邻苯二甲酸酐
正十二烷基苯
羟基胺盐酸盐
硬脂酸锰
聚α-蒎烯
聚β-蒎烯
聚苎烯
其它可以使用的基础核是:
偏苯三酸酐
N-羟基-1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺
苝四甲酸
糖精
使用市售化合物如硬脂酰氯、对甲苯磺酰氯、三苯甲基氯进行改性。
按照WO2007/028731A1中所公开的程序制备下列实施例1、3和5的配混物:
实施例2:N-二苯氧基-1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺
依次向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶加入200ml DMA、17.8g三乙胺和24.9g二苯基氯甲烷和25g N-羟基-1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺。然后将搅拌混合物在90℃下加热8小时。然后将反应混合物冷却至室温并通过过滤该溶液而分离沉淀,用水洗涤几次并在烘箱中于100℃下真空干燥。以白色固体得到产物。
实施例4:N-对甲苯-4-磺酰氧基萘二甲酰亚胺
依次向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中加入200ml THF、17.8g三乙胺和25g N-羟基-1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺。然后在室温下向该搅拌的混合物中缓慢加入23.5g对甲苯磺酰氯;然后将该反应在回流下加热4小时。然后将反应混合物冷却至室温;通过过滤该溶液而分离沉淀,用水洗涤几次并在烘箱中于100℃下真空干燥。以白色固体得到产物。
实施例6:N-丙烯酰氧基-1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺
依次向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中加入500ml THF、11.44g三乙胺和20g N-羟基-1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺。将9.34g丙烯酰氯缓慢加热该混合物中并将反应在室温下搅拌16小时。滤出白色沉淀并在减压下除去溶剂,得到橙色固体,将其以白色固体由200mL异丙醇结晶并在烘箱中于100℃下真空干燥。
实施例7:N-三-三苯甲氧基-1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺
依次向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶中加入25.0g N-羟基-1,8-萘二甲酰亚胺、17.76g在200ml DMF中的三乙胺。将32.69g三苯甲基氯缓慢加入该混合物并将反应在室温下搅拌16小时。将白色沉淀过滤,用H2O、己烷、THF洗涤并最后在烘箱中于100℃下真空干燥。
实施例8:
依次向装有机械搅拌器、热电偶、滴液漏斗和冷凝器的四颈圆底烧瓶加入20.0g化合物6、63.86g甲基丙烯酸丁酯和4.0g在400ml THF中的AIBN。将该混合物在回流下加热4小时。然后除去溶剂并将固体溶于400mlCH2Cl2中,用H2O洗涤并将有机相在Na2SO4上干燥。除去溶剂得到浅黄色固体,将其用100ml冷MeOH洗涤并最后在烘箱中于90℃下真空干燥。
低密度聚乙烯由Polimeri Europa得到;Dercolyte为由Les Dérivés Résiniques&Terpéniques得到的聚萜烯产品;硬脂酸锰Mn(C18H35O2)x由Shepherd Chemical Company购买且由ALBIS得到。
对比样品1:
将以1:1的比例与低密度聚乙烯混合,从而使最终铁浓度为5.0重量%。使用OMC试验双螺杆挤出机(EBV19/25型,具有19mm螺杆直径和1:25的比例)制备配混物,并使用30×25L/D型Collin流延扁平口模挤出机(30mm螺杆直径,1:25直径/长度比)制备50微米厚的薄膜。
对比样品2:
将2.0%聚萜烯树脂与低密度聚乙烯混合。如对比样品1中所述制备配混物和薄膜。
对比样品3:
将0.2%硬脂酸锰与低密度聚乙烯混合。如对比样品1中所述制备配混物和薄膜。
发明样品4:
将2.0%聚萜烯树脂0.2%硬脂酸锰和0.2%实施例2与低密度聚乙烯混合。如对比样品1中所述制备配混物和薄膜。
发明样品5:
将2.0%聚萜烯树脂0.2%硬脂酸锰和0.2%实施例3与低密度聚乙烯混合。如对比样品1中所述制备配混物和薄膜。
发明样品6:
将2.0%聚萜烯树脂0.2%硬脂酸锰和0.2%实施例4与低密度聚乙烯混合。如对比样品1中所述制备配混物和薄膜。
发明样品7:
将2.0%聚萜烯树脂0.2%硬脂酸锰和0.2%实施例5与低密度聚乙烯混合。如对比样品1中所述制备配混物和薄膜。
发明样品8:
将2.0%聚萜烯树脂0.2%硬脂酸锰和0.2%实施例7与低密度聚乙烯混合。如对比样品1中所述制备配混物和薄膜。
发明样品9:
将2.0%聚萜烯树脂0.2%硬脂酸锰和0.45%实施例8与低密度聚乙烯混合。如对比样品1中所述制备配混物和薄膜。
发明样品10:
将2.0%聚萜烯树脂和0.2%硬脂酸锰与低密度聚乙烯混合。如对比样品1中所述制备配混物和薄膜。
然后对各样品将几等份的薄膜在500ml密封烧瓶中暴露于空气(20.7%O2)中,该烧瓶配备有允许使用注射器在几个时间间隔下取出部分内部气氛以进行分析的隔膜。氧气浓度测量使用Mocon Pac Check450顶空分析仪在28天内进行。对比样品1中的实际铁浓度通过ICP-OES(电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱仪,Perkin Elmer Optima系列4200DV)测量。结果以ml O2/g活性清除剂给于表1中。
表1:
28天后对六中不同LDPE薄膜测量的平均氧气清除剂活性(ml O2/g清除剂)。在对比样品1*的情况下:活性清除剂的g=薄膜中铁的g;在所有其它情况下:活性清除剂的g=Dercolyte的g+金属配合物的g+硝酰基分子的g。
28天后的ml O2/g铁 | |
对比样品1* | 36 |
对比样品2 | 无可检测的O2吸收 |
对比样品3 | 无可检测的O2吸收 |
发明样品4 | 92 |
发明样品5 | 83 |
发明样品6 | 72 |
发明样品7 | 97 |
发明样品8 | 53 |
发明样品9 | 88 |
发明样品10 | 69 |
氧气吸收方法的描述:
测定薄膜厚度并称量4.0g薄膜。将挤出薄膜折叠并置于洁净的500ml密封玻璃容器中。加入含有15ml去离子水的小瓶以在所述玻璃容器内部产生100%相对湿度(仅针对对比试样1)。使用Mocon氧气分析仪测试并记录0天时环境空气中的氧气含量(即等于密封玻璃容器中的初始氧气含量)。
将具有测试薄膜和小水瓶的玻璃容器在22℃(通常为室温)下储存28天。
使用Mocon氧气分析仪测试并记录28天时密封玻璃容器中的氧气含量。
基于测得的残留于密封玻璃容器中的氧气浓度,使用如下公式计算每克清除剂所吸收的氧气体积:
吸收的氧气(ml/g)={(%O2)i-(%O2)f}*0.01*Vj/(WF*WS/WB)
其中:
(%O2)i密封玻璃容器中的初始氧气浓度(%)
(%O2)f测试当天密封玻璃容器中的氧气浓度(%)
0.01:转化系数
Vj:密封玻璃容器的自由空气体积(ml)(密封玻璃容器的总体积减去小水瓶和薄膜占据的空间,通常为440ml)
WF:置于玻璃容器中的薄膜重量(通常为4.0g)
WS:用于制备共混物的氧气清除剂重量(g)
WB:共混物的总重量(g)
本发明可以用于所有希望具有氧气清除剂活性的包装领域中。
例如,该聚合物制品可以用于制造塑料薄膜、片材、层压材料、袋子、瓶子、聚苯乙烯泡沫杯、器皿、泡罩包装、盒子、包装垫料。所述制品可以通过本领域普通技术人员可得的任何方法制造,这些方法包括但不限于挤出、挤坯吹塑、薄膜流延、簿膜吹塑、压延、注塑、吹塑、压塑成型、热成型、纺丝、吹胀挤出和旋转流延。具体而言,在气调(CO2,N2)食品包装领域中这特别令人感兴趣。氧气吸收速率可以通过改变添加剂浓度而简单调节,即若希望氧气清除剂性能越高,则加入的添加剂量越高。
Claims (31)
1.一种氧气清除组合物,其包含如下组分:
(I)聚合物树脂,
(II)式(I)的基于环状氧基酰亚胺的有机氧化添加剂,
其中
n为1、2或4;
X为>C=O、>S(O)2或>C(X1)(X2);
X1和X2相互独立地为氢,C1-C20烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个相同或不同的C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基或未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯基;
Y为C1-C30烷基,C2-C30链烯基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C5-C12环烯基,具有6-10个碳原子的双环或三环烃基,未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基,未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的二苯基甲基,未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的三苯基甲基,C2-C30酰基,-COOY0,C1-C30磺酰基,-Si(Y1)3或-Si(OY2)3;
Y0、Y1和Y2相互独立地为氢,C1-C18烷基,C3-C18链烯基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C3-C12环烷基,未取代或被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的苯基,或未取代或在苯基上被1、2或3个C1-C4烷基取代的C7-C9苯基烷基;以及
Z为有机基团;
条件是
当Y为C1-C30烷基、C2-C30链烯基或C1-C30磺酰基时,组分(I)为聚烯烃均聚物或共聚物或聚烯烃均聚物或共聚物与另一合成聚合物的共混物,
(III)金属盐,
(IV)可氧化的牺牲基材,以及任选地
(V)额外组分,
条件是组分(I)和(IV)不同。
2.根据权利要求1的氧气清除组合物,其中所述金属盐为过渡金属盐。
3.根据权利要求1的氧气清除组合物,其中
组分(II)基于聚合物树脂以0.001-10重量%的量存在,
组分(III)基于聚合物树脂以0.001-10重量%的量存在,
组分(IV)基于聚合物树脂以0.001-10重量%的量存在,以及任选地,
组分(V)基于聚合物树脂以0.001-10重量%的量存在。
4.根据权利要求2的氧气清除组合物,其中
组分(II)基于聚合物树脂以0.001-10重量%的量存在,
组分(III)基于聚合物树脂以0.001-10重量%的量存在,
组分(IV)基于聚合物树脂以0.001-10重量%的量存在,以及任选地,
组分(V)基于聚合物树脂以0.001-10重量%的量存在。
5.根据权利要求1的氧气清除组合物,其中所述聚合物树脂为选自烯烃单体的均聚物和共聚物,烯烃单体与二烯烃单体、环状烯烃的均聚物和共聚物,一种或多种1-烯烃和/或二烯烃与一氧化碳和/或其它乙烯基单体的共聚物以及聚乙烯醇的热塑性聚合物。
6.根据权利要求2的氧气清除组合物,其中所述聚合物树脂为选自烯烃单体的均聚物和共聚物,烯烃单体与二烯烃单体、环状烯烃的均聚物和共聚物,一种或多种1-烯烃和/或二烯烃与一氧化碳和/或其它乙烯基单体的共聚物以及聚乙烯醇的热塑性聚合物。
7.根据权利要求3的氧气清除组合物,其中所述聚合物树脂为选自烯烃单体的均聚物和共聚物,烯烃单体与二烯烃单体、环状烯烃的均聚物和共聚物,一种或多种1-烯烃和/或二烯烃与一氧化碳和/或其它乙烯基单体的共聚物以及聚乙烯醇的热塑性聚合物。
8.根据权利要求4的氧气清除组合物,其中所述聚合物树脂为选自烯烃单体的均聚物和共聚物,烯烃单体与二烯烃单体、环状烯烃的均聚物和共聚物,一种或多种1-烯烃和/或二烯烃与一氧化碳和/或其它乙烯基单体的共聚物以及聚乙烯醇的热塑性聚合物。
9.根据权利要求1的氧气清除组合物,其中所述有机氧化添加剂为选自N-三苯甲氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-硬脂酰氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(甲苯-4-磺酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(2-苯甲酰基苯甲酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N,N’-二羟基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺和N,N’-二硬脂酰氧基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺的化合物。
10.根据权利要求2的氧气清除组合物,其中所述有机氧化添加剂为选自N-三苯甲氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-硬脂酰氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(甲苯-4-磺酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(2-苯甲酰基苯甲酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N,N’-二羟基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺和N,N’-二硬脂酰氧基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺的化合物。
11.根据权利要求3的氧气清除组合物,其中所述有机氧化添加剂为选自N-三苯甲氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-硬脂酰氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(甲苯-4-磺酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(2-苯甲酰基苯甲酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N,N’-二羟基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺和N,N’-二硬脂酰氧基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺的化合物。
12.根据权利要求4的氧气清除组合物,其中所述有机氧化添加剂为选自N-三苯甲氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-硬脂酰氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(甲苯-4-磺酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(2-苯甲酰基苯甲酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N,N’-二羟基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺和N,N’-二硬脂酰氧基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺的化合物。
13.根据权利要求5的氧气清除组合物,其中所述有机氧化添加剂为选自N-三苯甲氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-硬脂酰氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(甲苯-4-磺酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(2-苯甲酰基苯甲酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N,N’-二羟基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺和N,N’-二硬脂酰氧基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺的化合物。
14.根据权利要求6的氧气清除组合物,其中所述有机氧化添加剂为选自N-三苯甲氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-硬脂酰氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(甲苯-4-磺酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(2-苯甲酰基苯甲酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N,N’-二羟基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺和N,N’-二硬脂酰氧基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺的化合物。
15.根据权利要求7的氧气清除组合物,其中所述有机氧化添加剂为选自N-三苯甲氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-硬脂酰氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(甲苯-4-磺酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(2-苯甲酰基苯甲酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N,N’-二羟基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺和N,N’-二硬脂酰氧基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺的化合物。
16.根据权利要求8的氧气清除组合物,其中所述有机氧化添加剂为选自N-三苯甲氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-硬脂酰氧基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(甲苯-4-磺酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N-(2-苯甲酰基苯甲酰氧基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺、N,N’-二羟基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺和N,N’-二硬脂酰氧基-1,2,4,5-苯四甲酰二亚胺的化合物。
17.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的氧气清除组合物,其中使用基于Co、Ce、Mn、Cu、Ni、Vd的金属盐。
18.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的氧气清除组合物,其中所述可氧化的牺牲基材选自聚丁二烯、聚酯、角鲨烷、角鲨烯、聚苯乙烯、聚苎烯、聚α-蒎烯、聚β-蒎烯、聚降冰片烯、聚乳酸以及线性和支化烷基链C6-C30醇的混合物。
19.根据权利要求17的氧气清除组合物,其中所述可氧化的牺牲基材选自聚丁二烯、聚酯、角鲨烷、角鲨烯、聚苯乙烯、聚苎烯、聚α-蒎烯、聚β-蒎烯、聚降冰片烯、聚乳酸以及线性和支化烷基链C6-C30醇的混合物。
20.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的氧气清除组合物,其中所述可氧化的牺牲基材为聚萜烯树脂。
21.根据权利要求17的氧气清除组合物,其中所述可氧化的牺牲基材为聚萜烯树脂。
22.根据权利要求1-16中任一项的氧气清除组合物,其中所述氧气清除组合物进一步包含一种或多种选自填料、增强剂、颜料、光稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防滑和抗结块添加剂、增塑剂、荧光增白剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂的额外组分。
23.根据权利要求17的氧气清除组合物,其中所述氧气清除组合物进一步包含一种或多种选自填料、增强剂、颜料、光稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防滑和抗结块添加剂、增塑剂、荧光增白剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂的额外组分。
24.根据权利要求18的氧气清除组合物,其中所述氧气清除组合物进一步包含一种或多种选自填料、增强剂、颜料、光稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防滑和抗结块添加剂、增塑剂、荧光增白剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂的额外组分。
25.根据权利要求19的氧气清除组合物,其中所述氧气清除组合物进一步包含一种或多种选自填料、增强剂、颜料、光稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防滑和抗结块添加剂、增塑剂、荧光增白剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂的额外组分。
26.根据权利要求20的氧气清除组合物,其中所述氧气清除组合物进一步包含一种或多种选自填料、增强剂、颜料、光稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防滑和抗结块添加剂、增塑剂、荧光增白剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂的额外组分。
27.根据权利要求21的氧气清除组合物,其中所述氧气清除组合物进一步包含一种或多种选自填料、增强剂、颜料、光稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防滑和抗结块添加剂、增塑剂、荧光增白剂、抗静电剂和发泡剂的额外组分。
28.一种含有根据权利要求1-27中任一项的氧气清除组合物的聚合物制品。
29.根据权利要求28的聚合物制品,其为薄膜、片材或层压材料。
30.如权利要求1-27中任一项的氧气清除组合物在食品包装中的用途。
31.如权利要求1所定义的式(I)的环状氧基酰亚胺作为氧气清除剂的用途。
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EP09177738 | 2009-12-02 | ||
EP09177738.3 | 2009-12-02 | ||
PCT/EP2010/068372 WO2011067197A2 (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2010-11-29 | Use of protected n-hydroxyimide derivates and transition metal as oxygen scavenger system in transparent polyolefin films |
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CN102725339A CN102725339A (zh) | 2012-10-10 |
CN102725339B true CN102725339B (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
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EP (1) | EP2507307B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5875521B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102725339B (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2507307T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2451815T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011067197A2 (zh) |
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ES2451815T3 (es) | 2014-03-28 |
CN102725339A (zh) | 2012-10-10 |
EP2507307B1 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
WO2011067197A2 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
US20130023609A1 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
JP5875521B2 (ja) | 2016-03-02 |
US20150217923A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
DK2507307T3 (da) | 2014-05-12 |
WO2011067197A3 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
US20170043931A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
US9505541B2 (en) | 2016-11-29 |
US20180282046A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
JP2013512977A (ja) | 2013-04-18 |
EP2507307A2 (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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