CN102709426A - Manufacture method of GaN (gallium nitride)-based LED (light emitting diode) chip with roughened surface - Google Patents
Manufacture method of GaN (gallium nitride)-based LED (light emitting diode) chip with roughened surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacture method of a GaN (gallium nitride)-based LED (light emitting diode) chip with a roughened surface. The manufacture method comprises the steps that a metal organic chemical vapor deposition method is adopted, a low-temperature GaN buffer layer, an undoped GaN layer, a n-GaN layer, a multi-quantum well layer and a P-GaN layer are sequentially grown on a semiconductor substrate, and a GaN epitaxial wafer is formed; the GaN epitaxial wafer enters PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) equipment so that sediments are in a nanometer island shape; the epitaxial wafer with the roughened surface is formed by using the nanometer island as an etching mask; one side of the GaN epitaxial wafer is subjected to etching, and a table surface is formed; an ITO (indium tin oxide) film is evaporated on the upper surface of the epitaxial wafer; and a P electrode is manufactured on P-GaN of the GaN epitaxial wafer, an N electrode is manufactured on n-GaN, and the device preparation is completed. The manufacture method has the advantages that the photoetching is not needed, the mask is automatically removed in the etching roughening process, the process is simple, the cost is low, the roughening effect is good, and the light extraction efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the photoelectric device field, be specifically related to a kind of manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening.
Background technology
The luminous efficiency of light-emitting diode (LED) mainly contains two aspect factors: the interior quantum effect of device and outer quantum effect.At present, the internal quantum efficiency of typical GaN blue-ray LED can reach 80%, and therefore, the possibility that further increases substantially internal quantum efficiency is little.And with respect to internal quantum efficiency; The external quantum efficiency of common GaN base LED is merely a few percent; This is because the refractive index of GaN and air differs greatly, and the cirtical angle of total reflection of GaN and air interface is 23 degree, and the light that produces at active area only has sub-fraction to inject in the air.In order to improve the extraction efficiency of light, generally adopt the alligatoring structure to reach at present and improve light taking-up efficient.Simultaneously, after the alligatoring, the luminosity of packaged chip is more concentrated.Contact area between the transparency conducting layer (TCL) of alligatoring structural core plate electrode is bigger, has reduced the operating voltage of device, has improved luminous efficiency.Simultaneously, alligatoring structure also can make reducing greatly unusually of electrode perk in the stripping electrode technology.
The main technical schemes that adopts both at home and abroad at present has: growth distribution bragg reflection layer (DBR) structure, surface coarsening technology and photonic crystal technology etc.Surface coarsening fabrication techniques technology is simple than DBR and photonic crystal, cost is low, is at present by generally good technology.Surface coarsening is divided into two kinds of wet method alligatoring and dry method alligatoring.The wet method alligatoring is to utilize strong acid or alkali corrosion GaN material surface, forms the coarse effect of nature, like patent CN101248537 and CN101409321.But there are shortcomings such as isotropism, easy undercutting and mistake erosion in the wet method alligatoring, and the size and the degree of depth of alligatoring are restricted, and be not obvious for effective extraction effect of light.The dry method alligatoring is to shelter through mask, adopts ICP (inductively coupled plasma) etching GaN material surface to reach the effect of roughening.The dry method alligatoring has advantages such as anisotropic etching, etch rate be fast.Mask how to make nanometer scale is the difficult point of dry method roughening process.Patent CN101702419 adopts spin-coating method to apply the mask of Ni nano particle as dry etching; Patent CN101656284 adopts the mask of ITO (tin indium oxide) particle as dry etching; These methods all exist can't accurately control mask size and inhomogeneity shortcoming; Cause the effect of GaN sheet surface coarsening inconsistent, the raising of light extraction efficiency is inhomogeneous.And the removal of mask need use the strong acid class, and strong acid can make the oxidation of GaN material surface, causes the device forward voltage to raise.
At low temperatures, utilize the film of PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) method preparation to present extremely coarse pattern, therefore, can be with the film of this film as a kind of alligatoring.Utilize this type of film to combine etching technics, can carry out optionally etching, high efficiency is prepared the LED of alligatoring cheaply.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening, it is simple that this method has technology, and cost is low, and alligatoring is effective, and light extraction efficiency is high.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening; Its step: step 1: the method that adopts metal organic chemical vapor deposition; Growing low temperature GaN resilient coating, the GaN layer that undopes, n-GaN layer, multiple quantum well layer and P-GaN layer successively on Semiconductor substrate form the GaN epitaxial wafer; Step 2: the GaN epitaxial wafer is got into PECVD equipment, utilize low temperature depositing method cvd silicon oxide or silicon nitride, Control Parameter, making deposit is the nanometer island; Step 3: utilize the nanometer island as etch mask, epitaxial wafer is carried out etching, form the epitaxial wafer of surface coarsening; Step 4 a: side of GaN epitaxial wafer is being carried out etching, forming table top; Step 5: at upper surface vapor deposition one deck ito thin film of epitaxial wafer; Step 6: on the P-GaN of GaN epitaxial wafer, make the P electrode, on n-GaN, make the N electrode, accomplish the device preparation.Said Semiconductor substrate is sapphire, silicon, carborundum or metal.Wherein PECVD employing silane and laughing gas are as the precursor gases of cvd silicon oxide film.Wherein the diameter of etch mask is 100-20000nm.When being carried out etching, uses the GaN epitaxial wafer dry etching or wet etching.The roughness of the GaN epitaxial wafer of surface coarsening is 5nm-500nm.Wherein the etching depth of table top arrives in the n-GaN layer.The face of the P-GaN of the alligatoring of wherein making can be P-GaN whole on the device, also can be not by the electrode region covered on the P-GaN.The method of the alligatoring GaN that the present invention is corresponding can also be used for the alligatoring of ITO and passivation layer.The method of the alligatoring GaN that the present invention is corresponding can also be used for directly perhaps between chip layer, depositing matsurface at the high hyaline layer of passivation layer deposition roughness, also can be used for alligatoring transparency conducting layer (TCL), to improve the light extraction efficiency of chip.
The invention has the advantages that: this method combines present existing production equipment PECVD, does not need extra increase investment, has the preparation time weak point simultaneously, and process stabilizing is simple, and cost is low, and alligatoring is effective, and light extraction efficiency is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 improves the structural representation of the GaN base LED of light extraction efficiency through the alligatoring of P-GaN laminar surface for the present invention;
Fig. 2 provides a kind of structural representation with GaN base LED chip of alligatoring passivation layer for the present invention.
Among the figure:
1 be substrate, 2 for low temperature GaN, 3 for Doped GaN not, 4 for n-GaN, 5 for multiple quantum well layer, 6 for P-GaN, 7 for ITO, 8 for the p electrode, 9 for n electrode, 10 be passivation layer.
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening, comprises the steps:
Step 1: adopt the method for metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), the 20nmAlN that on Semiconductor substrate 1, grows successively, 2nm is Doped GaN not; 1nmGaN; The 20nm current-diffusion layer, (2nmInGaN+12.5nmGaN) * 9MQW, 20nmP-GaN; Form the GaN epitaxial wafer, wherein said Semiconductor substrate 1 is sapphire, silicon, carborundum or metal;
Step 2: the GaN epitaxial wafer is put into PECVD, at the surperficial fast deposition etching of P-GaN layer 6 silica or the silicon nitride with mask, also can be material such as plated metal selectively;
Step 3: will deposit good nano oxidized silicon island as etch mask, the GaN epitaxial wafer is carried out ICP (inductively coupled plasma) etching, and use Cl
2, BCl
3, Ar is as etching gas; Etching finishes the back and with potassium hydroxide or hydrofluoric acid mask is removed totally, simultaneously can also be selectively the face of new etching be carried out annealing in process, and the P-GaN surface roughness is 5nm-500nm; Form the GaN epitaxial wafer of surface coarsening thus; Purpose is in order to increase the emergent light area, to increase the exit probability of light, reducing the generation of total reflection.
Step 4: again the GaN epitaxial wafer is carried out the litho pattern preparation, a side of GaN epitaxial wafer is carried out the ICP etching, remove P-GaN, SQW and the part n-GaN of a side, form the etching depth 700nm-1500nm of this table top of table top;
Step 5: make the method vapor deposition ito thin film of deposited by electron beam evaporation at the upper surface of GaN epitaxial wafer, photoetching corrosion goes out the ITO figure, removes part ito thin film and the ito thin film on the table top on the P-GaN, the formation ito transparent electrode.Ito transparent electrode and P-GaN can form good Ohmic contact, can reduce touch voltage, thereby reduce the operating voltage of device;
Step 6: on p-GaN layer, ITO layer and n-GaN layer, select negative photoresist photoetching P, N electrode for use; Employing electron-beam vapor deposition method evaporation metal CrPtAu (1000
/1000
/10000
), peel off the back and form P electrode and N electrode.
Step 7: on chip, utilize PECVD to cover layer of silicon dioxide, utilize photoetching technique that p, n electrode are exposed then, make things convenient for later stage test and encapsulation.
Step 8: the reducing thin of sapphire substrate of chip to 150um, is drawn and is cleaved into independent chip, carry out electric properties of devices test and optical characteristic test.
See also Fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of alligatoring passivation layer, comprises the steps:
Step 1: adopt the method for metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), the 20nmAlN that on Semiconductor substrate 1, grows successively, 2nm is Doped GaN not; 1nmGaN; The 20nm current-diffusion layer, 12nm*9MQW, 20nmp-GaN; Form the GaN epitaxial wafer, wherein said Semiconductor substrate 1 is sapphire, silicon, carborundum or metal;
Step 2: again the GaN epitaxial wafer is carried out the litho pattern preparation, a side of GaN epitaxial wafer is carried out the ICP etching, remove p-GaN, SQW and the part n-GaN of a side, form the dark 1700nm of etching of this table top of table top;
Step 3: make the method vapor deposition ito thin film of deposited by electron beam evaporation at the upper surface of GaN epitaxial wafer, photoetching corrosion goes out the ITO figure, removes part ito thin film and the ito thin film on the table top on the p-GaN, on P type table top, forms ito transparent electrode.Ito transparent electrode and p-GaN can form good Ohmic contact, can reduce touch voltage, thereby reduce the operating voltage of device;
Step 4: on p-GaN layer, ITO layer and n-GaN layer, select negative photoresist photoetching P, N electrode for use; Employing electron-beam vapor deposition method evaporation metal CrPtAu (1000
/1000
/10000
), peel off the back and form P electrode and N electrode.
Step 5: on chip, utilize PECVD covering layer of silicon dioxide, last what deposit, utilize the corresponding method of the present invention, the aspect of preparation alligatoring utilizes photoetching technique that p, n electrode are exposed then, makes things convenient for the later stage to test and encapsulate.
Step 6: the reducing thin of sapphire substrate of slice, thin piece to 150um, is drawn and is cleaved into independent chip, carry out the optical characteristic test of device and test with electrology characteristic.
Above-described specific embodiment; The object of the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect have been carried out further explain, and institute it should be understood that the above is merely specific embodiment of the present invention; Be not limited to the present invention; All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening, its step:
Step 1: adopt the method for metal organic chemical vapor deposition, growing low temperature GaN resilient coating, the GaN layer that undopes, n-GaN layer, multiple quantum well layer and P-GaN layer successively on Semiconductor substrate form the GaN epitaxial wafer;
Step 2:GaN epitaxial wafer gets into PECVD equipment, short time low temperature depositing silica or silicon nitride, and Control Parameter, making deposit is the nanometer island;
Step 3: utilize nanometer island deposit as etch mask, epitaxial wafer is carried out etching, form the epitaxial wafer of surface coarsening;
Step 4 a: side of GaN epitaxial wafer is being carried out etching, forming table top;
Step 5: at upper surface vapor deposition one deck ito thin film of epitaxial wafer;
Step 6: on the P-GaN of GaN epitaxial wafer, make the P electrode, on n-GaN, make the N electrode, accomplish the device preparation.
2. according to the said manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said Semiconductor substrate is sapphire, silicon, carborundum or metal.
3. according to the said manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening of claim 1, it is characterized in that: wherein PECVD employing silane and laughing gas are as the precursor gases of cvd silicon oxide film.
4. according to the said manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening of claim 1, it is characterized in that: wherein nanometer island deposit diameter is 100nm-20000nm.
5. according to the said manufacture method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: use dry etching or wet etching when the GaN epitaxial wafer is carried out etching with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening.
6. according to the said manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the roughness of the GaN epitaxial wafer of surface coarsening is 5nm-500nm.
7. according to the said manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening of claim 1, it is characterized in that: wherein the etching depth of table top arrives in the n-GaN layer.
8. according to the said manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the face of the P-GaN of the alligatoring of wherein making can be P-GaN whole on the device, also can be not by the electrode region covered on the P-GaN.
9. according to the said manufacture method with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for the alligatoring GaN that the present invention is corresponding can also be used for the alligatoring of ITO and passivation layer.
10. according to the said manufacture method of claim 1 with GaN base LED chip of surface coarsening; It is characterized in that: the method for the alligatoring GaN that the present invention is corresponding can also be used for directly perhaps between chip layer, depositing matsurface at the high hyaline layer of passivation layer deposition roughness; Also can be used for the alligatoring transparency conducting layer, to improve the light extraction efficiency of chip.
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Application publication date: 20121003 |