CN102696696A - Grass meal granular formulation for controlling rodent pests in grassland and preparation method as well as application thereof - Google Patents
Grass meal granular formulation for controlling rodent pests in grassland and preparation method as well as application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102696696A CN102696696A CN2012101914256A CN201210191425A CN102696696A CN 102696696 A CN102696696 A CN 102696696A CN 2012101914256 A CN2012101914256 A CN 2012101914256A CN 201210191425 A CN201210191425 A CN 201210191425A CN 102696696 A CN102696696 A CN 102696696A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grass meal granular formulation for controlling rodent pests in grassland and a preparation method as well as application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing a neem seed extractive, then manufacturing the neem seed extractive, grass meal granules and an auxiliary material into the granular formulation according to a certain proportion, wherein the mass proportion of the neem seed extractive, the grass meal granules and the auxiliary material is 2-4:2-4:1-2. The preparation technology provided by the invention is simple, reliable and easy to control; and the prepared grass meal granular formulation is fragrant in flavor, has the good palatability and obvious anti-fertility effect on male and female plateau pika and is a novel botanical bisexual sterility rodenticide for controlling the rodent pests in the grassland.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grass meal granule and preparation method and application that prevents and treats the grassland plague of rats, be specifically related to a kind of grass meal granule with the sterile effect of both sexes.
Background technology
The grassland bandicoot mainly contains Ochotona curzoniae (Ochotona curzoniae), plateau phenol mouse (Myospalax baileyi), Qinghai vole (Microtus fuscces), severe haze chinchilla (Eothenomys inez), and Yulong chinchilla (E.proditor), the white abdomen mouse in plateau (Niviventer coninga), Himalaya be otter (Marmeta himalayana), apodemus chevrieri (Apodemus chevieri), Tibetan pika kinds more than 10 such as (Ochotana thibetana) early.Herbage is eaten in their happinesses, and crops such as grain are the major reasons that causes China's " three river sources areas " grassland serious degradation, black earth beach, grassland desertification, has a strong impact on and restricting the livestock breeding production in Qinghai-Tibet Platean district and numerous peasants and herdsmen's survival and development; And spread disease,, simultaneously human beings'health safety is also brought very big hidden danger like eqpidemic diseases such as the plague, Hemorrhagic fever, Leptospira.
Plague of rats every year to agricultural system cause with a toll of several hundred million, caused global great attention, it is very necessary therefore strengthening the bandicoot dynamics of controlling of going out.For a long time; People mainly adopt chemicals to kill mouse, and obtain than good result, but chemicals exists contaminated environment, harm muroid natural enemy and to defectives such as the person poultry safety constitute a threat to; And control in the bandicoot process of plateau going out; The single bait kind of the long-term use of people, the food refusal problem of mouse progressively manifests, and having influenced to a certain extent goes out controls effect.Therefore, seek novel going out and control the bandicoot medicine, particularly use the sterile rat-bane of vegetalitas to reduce the bandicoot fertility, the control population quantity, thus on agricultural, crops are played the actual effect that mitigation is increased production.Lot of documents shows that neem extract has significant antifertility activity.How neem extract being processed appropriate formulation, improve its palatability, has been problem demanding prompt solution so that be applied to the control of the plague of rats.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned present situation, the present invention provides a kind of grass meal granule of preventing and treating the grassland plague of rats through a large amount of research and practice.
In order to realize palatability, reach pesticide standard that the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of grass meal granule of preventing and treating the grassland plague of rats; The preparation neem seed extract; Then neem seed extract, grass meal particle and auxiliary material are processed granule according to a certain percentage, the mass ratio of neem seed extract, grass meal particle and auxiliary material is 2～4: 2～4: 1～2.
Described grass meal granule, the preparation method of described neem seed extract is: take by weighing seal chinaberry seed, in the 1L extractor of packing into, supercritical CO
2Extraction.Extracting pressure 10～16MPa, 25～31 ℃ of extraction temperature, flow 10～20kg/h; Extraction-container I pressure 7～8MPa, 50～60 ℃ of temperature; Extraction-container II pressure 4～6MPa, temperature is 25～35 ℃, and the extraction time is 60～80min, and per 15～20min collects extract.
Described grass meal granule, described grass meal particle is made up of the material of following mass percent: sainfoin 80～89%, loess 1～4%, flour 2～4% and water 8～12% are formed.
Described grass meal granule, described auxiliary material is made up of the material of following mass percent: peanut essence 15～30%, fragrant taro essence 15～30% and beef flavor 40～70%.
The preparation method of described grass meal granule; It is characterized in that: neem seed extract evenly is sprayed on the grass meal particle with hand pressure sprayer; Let neem seed extract slowly be penetrated in the grass meal particle in 40～60 ℃ of baking ovens; After mixing was put into 40～60 ℃ of baking ovens again and preserved 12～24h with it with auxiliary material then, packed storage at normal temperature was subsequent use; The mass ratio of neem seed extract, grass meal particle and auxiliary material is 2～4: 2～4: 1～2.
Described grass meal granule is used for the population quantity control of the grassland plague of rats as a kind of application of antifertility agent, reduces the harm of the grassland plague of rats.
Preparation technology of the present invention is simple and reliable, is easy to control; Prepared grass meal granule flavor is fragrant, and good palatability all has tangible antifertility action to the male and female Ochotona curzoniae, is a kind of sterile rat-bane of plant resource both sexes of the novel control grassland plague of rats.The present invention shows that through pharmacodynamic study Ochotona curzoniae is had tangible antifertility action.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of neem seed extract is: take by weighing seal chinaberry seed 200g, and in the 1L extractor of packing into, supercritical CO
2Extraction.Extracting pressure 10MPa, 25 ℃ of extraction temperature, flow 10kg/h; Extraction-container I pressure 7MPa, 50 ℃ of temperature; Extraction-container II pressure 4MPa, temperature is 25 ℃, and the extraction time is 60min, and every 15min collects extract.
The preparation of grass meal granule: (mass percent is: sainfoin 84%, loess 2%, flour 4% and water 10% to take by weighing the forage particle for preparing; Pulverizing the back mixed pelletization gets final product) the smooth one deck of 800g puts into big smooth container; The 800mL neem seed extract evenly is sprayed on the grass meal particle with hand pressure sprayer; That does not stop stirs forage grain (note do not let local oil mass excessive); Steadily be positioned over 48h in 40 ℃ of baking ovens, let neem seed extract slowly be penetrated in the grass meal particle, pour into after then beef flavor 80g, fragrant taro essence 60g and peanut essence 60g being mixed; Put into 40 ℃ of baking ovens behind the mixing again and preserve 24h, obtain neem seed extract grass meal granule.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of neem seed extract is: take by weighing seal chinaberry seed 180g, and in the 1L extractor of packing into, supercritical CO
2Extraction.Extracting pressure 15MPa, 30 ℃ of extraction temperature, flow 15kg/h; Extraction-container I pressure 7MPa, 55 ℃ of temperature; Extraction-container II pressure 5MPa, temperature is 28 ℃, and the extraction time is 70min, and every 20min collects extract.
(raw materials quality percentage is: sainfoin 80%, loess 3%, flour 6% and water 11% to take by weighing the forage particle for preparing; Pulverizing the back mixed pelletization gets final product) the smooth one deck of 600g forage grain puts into big smooth container; The 600mL neem seed extract evenly is sprayed on the grass meal particle with sprayer; That does not stop stirs forage grain (note do not let local oil mass excessive); Steadily be positioned over 50h in 50 ℃ of baking ovens, let neem seed extract slowly be penetrated in the grass meal particle, pour into after then beef flavor 60g, fragrant taro essence 45g and peanut essence 45g being mixed; Put into 50 ℃ of baking ovens behind the mixing again and preserve 20h, obtain printing chinaberry kind seed extract grass meal granule.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of neem seed extract is: accurately take by weighing seal chinaberry seed 230g, and in the extractor of the 1L that packs into, supercritical CO
2Extraction.Extracting pressure 16MPa, 31 ℃ of extraction temperature, flow 20kg/h; Extraction-container I pressure 7～8MPa, 60 ℃ of temperature; Extraction-container II pressure 4～6MPa, 35 ℃, the extraction time is 80min, every 20min collects extract.
(raw materials quality percentage is: sainfoin 85%, loess 1%, flour 2% and water 12% to take by weighing the forage particle for preparing; Pulverizing the back mixed pelletization gets final product) the smooth one deck of 400g forage grain puts into big smooth container; The 400mL neem seed extract evenly is sprayed on the grass meal particle with hand pressure sprayer; That does not stop stirs forage grain (note do not let local oil mass excessive); Steadily be positioned over 80h in 60 ℃ of baking ovens, let neem seed extract slowly be penetrated in the grass meal particle, pour into after then beef flavor 20g, fragrant taro essence 15g and peanut essence 15g being mixed; Put into 60 ℃ of baking ovens behind the mixing again and preserve 24h, obtain neem seed extract grass meal granule.
Embodiment 4
The grass meal granule is to the antifertility action research of Ochotona curzoniae
Catch 117 of Ochotona curzoniaes on the grassland, at (4.52 ± 0.48) monthly age, body weight is 108.3～204.6g, raises in simulation ecology of grassland experiment and demonstration district.90 of the Ochotona curzoniaes of selection healthy adult are divided into 3 groups, before the test, raise with common herbage.
Method according to national agriculture chemical examination defined makes an experiment, and gets 90 of healthy adult Ochotona curzoniaes, is divided into 2 experimental group and 1 control group, and 30 every group, male and female half and half, subregion is fed.The control group Ochotona curzoniae gives common herbage; Each raises experimental group in the district and places neem seed extract grass meal granule and each 90g of common herbage respectively, lets the Ochotona curzoniae free choice feeding, continues 7 days; And in every day 9:00am statistics respectively organize food ration, calculate the coefficient of ingesting of comparative test treated animal.The ingest average magnitude of the coefficient=antifertility agent average magnitude of ingesting/blank bait formulation of ingesting.Criterion: antifertility agent palatability standard coefficient >=0.3 of ingesting shows that palatability is good.
The selection higher neem seed extract granule group of coefficient of ingesting is put into same raising zone with the male and female Ochotona curzoniae and is fed, and after one week of dispensing, with common herbage replacement grass meal granule, continues to raise to 19d and puts to death.Cut open the inspection Ochotona curzoniae, observe and add up the lopsided fetus or the stillborn foetus number of female Ochotona curzoniae, the statistics litter size calculates the antifertility rate.
Result of the test shows: neem seed extract grass meal granule is 0.97 to the coefficient of ingesting of Ochotona curzoniae, and the palatability that reaches agricultural chemicals requires (coefficient of ingesting >=0.3); Its antifertility power to Ochotona curzoniae is 70%.Neem seed extract grass meal granule palatability is good, and being born in the year of hare in the plateau has good antifertility action, can be used for the population quantity control of the grassland plague of rats.
Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention according to above-mentioned explanation.
Claims (6)
1. grass meal granule of preventing and treating the grassland plague of rats; It is characterized in that: the preparation neem seed extract; Then neem seed extract, grass meal particle and auxiliary material are processed granule according to a certain percentage, the mass ratio of neem seed extract, grass meal particle and auxiliary material is 2～4: 2～4: 1～2.
2. by the described grass meal granule of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described neem seed extract is: take by weighing seal chinaberry seed, and in the 1L extractor of packing into, supercritical CO
2Extraction.Extracting pressure 10～16MPa, 25～31 ℃ of extraction temperature, flow 10～20kg/h; Extraction-container I pressure 7～8MPa, temperature 50～60C; Extraction-container II pressure 4～6MPa, temperature is 25～35 ℃, and the extraction time is 60～80min, and per 15～20min collects extract.
3. by the described grass meal granule of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described grass meal particle is made up of the material of following mass percent: sainfoin 80～89%, loess 1～4%, flour 2～4% and water 8～12% are formed.
4. by the described grass meal granule of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is made up of the material of following mass percent: peanut essence 15～30%, fragrant taro essence 15～30% and beef flavor 40～70%.
5. the preparation method of the arbitrary described grass meal granule of claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that: neem seed extract evenly is sprayed on the grass meal particle with hand pressure sprayer; Let neem seed extract slowly be penetrated in the grass meal particle in 40～60 ℃ of baking ovens; After mixing was put into 40～60 ℃ of baking ovens again and preserved 12～24h with it with auxiliary material then, packed storage at normal temperature was subsequent use; The mass ratio of neem seed extract, grass meal particle and auxiliary material is 2～4: 2～4: 1～2.
6. the described grass meal granule of claim 1 is used for the population quantity control of the grassland plague of rats as a kind of application of antifertility agent, reduces the harm of the grassland plague of rats.
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| CN2012101914256A CN102696696A (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2012-06-11 | Grass meal granular formulation for controlling rodent pests in grassland and preparation method as well as application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103238635A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-08-14 | 四川农业大学 | Plant source antifertility agent for preventing and controlling grassland rats as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106259321A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2017-01-04 | 四川大学 | A kind of Oleum menthae granule preventing and treating rodent pest in grassland and its preparation method and application |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103238635A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-08-14 | 四川农业大学 | Plant source antifertility agent for preventing and controlling grassland rats as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103238635B (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2014-10-22 | 四川农业大学 | Plant source antifertility agent for preventing and controlling grassland rats as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106259321A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2017-01-04 | 四川大学 | A kind of Oleum menthae granule preventing and treating rodent pest in grassland and its preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |