CN102695644A - 由碳纤维增强塑料制成的面状的车身构件及其固定装置 - Google Patents
由碳纤维增强塑料制成的面状的车身构件及其固定装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
按本发明,由碳纤维增强塑料(CFK)制成的面状的车身构件(1)具有至少一个肋条(3),该肋条从面状的车身(1)向上伸出,并且该肋条仅由基体材料即环氧树脂制成。装配件(4)力锁合地至少部分地包围肋条(3),使得该装配件夹紧固定在肋条(3)上。装配件(4)具有至少一个孔(9),该孔能用于固定另一构件。这允许另外的构件按习惯的方式固定在孔(9)中,而由CFK制成的车身构件(1)不必具有相应的孔。所述至少一个肋条(3)能在制造车身构件(1)的同时一体地一起成型,使得因此实际上没有额外消耗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1的前序部分所述的由碳纤维增强塑料制成的面状的车身构件。
背景技术
在机动车结构中在近几十年轻型结构的意义持续增大,因为对于相同的行驶特性较轻的机动车需要较小的驱动功率。因此轻型结构有助于降低燃料消耗和节约原料。因此在车身结构中除了轻金属之外塑料的使用显著增多。在此结合塑料的重量,碳纤维增强塑料(CFK)具有最高的刚度。
碳纤维增强塑料(CFK)包括至少一层碳纤维,所述碳纤维嵌入到由塑料构成的基体中。基体大部分情况下由热固塑料例如环氧树脂构成。不利的是,由CFK制成的构件的造型由材料引起地明显受限。因此由CFK制成的构件不能具有急的弯曲。其它的构件固定在CFK构件上也困难。在机动车结构中构件经常彼此夹紧、铆接或者螺纹联接。因此要被固定有另外的构件的车身构件必须具有相应的孔。但是不同于在金属板构件中所述孔在CFK构件中不能简单地进行冲裁,而是必须耗费地进行铣削。在此,碳纤维在孔的区域中切断,使得CFK构件在孔的区域中具有明显较小的刚度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,实现用于将构件固定在面状的CFK构件上的可能性,而CFK的刚度在构件的固定区域中没有显著的损失。
该目的通过具有权利要求1的特征的、由碳纤维增强塑料制成的面状的车身构件解决。
按本发明由碳纤维增强塑料制成的面状的车身构件具有至少一个肋条,该肋条由面状的车身向上伸出,并且该肋条仅由基体材料即环氧树脂制成。装配件力锁合地至少部分地包围肋条,使得该装配件夹紧固定在肋条上。装配件具有至少一个孔,该孔能用于固定另一构件。这允许另外的构件按惯常的方式固定在孔中,而由CFK制成的车身构件不必具有相应的孔。所述至少一个肋条能在制造车身构件的同时一体地一起成型,使得为此实际上不需要额外消耗。仅装配件在一定程度上作为适配件需要首先夹紧在所述至少一个肋条上。之后其它的构件能按传统的且证实合适的方式固定在装配件上。
装配件有利地由金属板制成。由此构件如在传统由钢板构成的车身中也固定在金属板的至少一个孔中。这样所有已经被试验过的固定元件(螺钉、夹子等)能够不改变地被使用。
优选装配件这样构成,使得该装配件为了安装在面状的车身构件上能通过力从上方套装到所述至少一个肋条上。有利地,装配件具有至少一个夹紧部段,该夹紧部段贴靠在肋条上,并且该夹紧部段具有多个齿,所述齿朝向肋条。在此,齿这样构成,即所述齿的齿面使得套装到肋条上变得容易,相反在装配件从肋条拔出时所述齿钩入肋条。肋条由环氧树脂制成,该环氧树脂具有小的弹性。由此,由于力锁合的夹紧,齿能紧紧抓住肋条。
其它有利的结构是从属权利要求的主题。
附图说明
在附图中描述本发明的实施例,下面借助于该实施例详细描述本发明。各个附图按示意性的描述形式显示如下:
图1a显示具有用于另一构件的第一固定可能性的、由CFK制成的车身构件的透视图;
图1b显示图1a的透视图的剖视图;
图2a显示具有用于另一构件的第二固定可能性的、由CFK制成的车身构件的透视图;
图2b显示图2a的透视图的剖视图;
图3a显示具有用于另一构件的第三固定可能性的、由CFK制成的车身构件的透视图;
图3b显示图3a的透视图的剖视图。
具体实施方式
在图1a和1b中描述由碳纤维增强塑料(CFK)制成的机动车车身的面状的车身构件1。该车身构件1具有盆形的凹槽2。在盆形的凹槽2中设置两个以90°的角度交叉的径向肋条3。这两个肋条3在中间区域中断。肋条3仅由环氧树脂制成,该环氧树脂也用作为碳纤维增强塑料的基体,由这种碳纤维增强塑料制成面状的车身构件1。肋条3由盆形的凹槽2的底部向上伸出。这些肋条一体地成型到面状的车身构件1上。
在肋条3上力锁合地夹紧由钢板制成的装配件4。该装配件4具有平行于车身构件1的、面状的部段5。由面状的部段5向下伸出四个弯曲的夹紧部段6。所述夹紧部段6伸到盆形的凹槽2内。所述夹紧部段的侧边缘7在侧面贴靠在肋条3上。每两个夹紧部段6的两个彼此相邻的侧边缘7力锁合地支撑在一个肋条3上。贴靠在肋条3上的侧边缘7分别具有多个锯齿形地构成的齿8。在此,齿8的齿面这样构成,以便所述齿面使得装配件4易于压紧到肋条3上以进行装配,而在可能导致拆卸的拉力作用到装配件4上时齿钩入肋条3。这是可能的,因为由环氧树脂制成的肋条3具有小的弹性,使得齿能正确地钩入这些肋条。此外在安装装配件4时夹紧部段6容易弹性变形,使得该夹紧部段6在预紧的情况下贴靠在肋条3上。
装配件4的面状的部段5在中间的区域中具有孔9,该孔由夹子10从背后卡住,该夹子用于固定另一构件例如隔板。在此可以涉及常用的夹子10,该夹子经过多年在传统的车身结构中已经证实是可行的。由于装配件4,对于夹子连接存在如在与由钢板制成的车身构件传统地夹紧的情况下相同的条件。在这两种情况中与由钢板制成的构件实现夹紧,在本发明的情况中与由钢板制成的装配件4实现夹紧。因此不必要研制出新的夹子,更确切地说可以继续使用久经考验的夹子10。此外,装配件4的面状的部段5刚好在包围的车身构件1的高度上。这通过盆形的凹槽和装配件4的深度的相应尺寸设计是可能的。
一种这样的夹紧的前提是,在孔9的下方有相应的结构空间用于夹子10的从背后卡住孔的部段。所以在孔9的下方没有肋条3延伸,并且车身构件1在夹紧的区域中具有盆形的凹槽2,使得夹子10能以该夹子的下面的部段伸入凹槽2中。
另一构件能按证实合适的方式与装配件4并且从而与由CFK制成的车身构件1连接,而孔不必耗费地加工入到由CFK制成的车身构件1中,这样的孔会明显削弱车身构件1的刚度。装配件4在面状的车身构件1上的位置通过肋条3精确地确定。
除了在图1a和图1b中显示的实施形式之外还存在许多其他的可能性。在图2a和图2b中描述另一种方案。在此,肋条3′不设置在盆形的凹槽2′中,而是设置在其侧旁。圆形的装配件4′的直径大于盆形的凹槽2′的直径。该装配件环绕盆形的凹槽2′面状地贴靠在车身构件1′上。在两个彼此对置的肋条3′的区域中装配件4′分别径向从外部切入并且弯曲。所述朝上弯曲的部段用作为夹紧部段6′,这些夹紧部段力锁合地贴靠在各肋条3′上,并且这样使装配件4′夹紧在所述肋条上。两个另外的弯曲的部段用作为定位部段11′并且分别支承在肋条3′的端侧上。所述定位部段确定装配件4沿两个肋条3′的纵向方向的精确的位置。在此,装配件4也具有带有孔9′的面状的部段5′,该孔能由夹子10′从背后卡住,用于固定另一构件。
在图1a至2b显示的方案中,总是直的肋条3、3′成型在由CFK制成的面状的车身构件1、1′中。在图3a和3b显示的第三实施例中,肋条3″是环形的。肋条3″环绕地包围盆形的凹槽2″。装配件4″类似于翻转过来的汤盘。该装配件具有带有孔9″的圆形的面状的部段5″,以及具有环形地向下延伸的边缘12′,该边缘在外部贴靠在肋条3″上。朝下延伸的边缘12″具有多个向内朝肋条3″伸出的夹紧部段6″,这些夹紧部段在预紧的情况下贴靠在各肋条3″上。常用的夹子10″在孔9″中卡住,该夹子能用于将另一构件固定在装配件4″上并且从而固定在面状的车身构件1″上。
所有三个方案允许另一构件能以常用的固定机构10、10′、10″安置在由金属板制成的装配件4、4′、4″的孔9、9′、9″中。装配件4、4′、4″固定地夹紧在由CFK制成的车身构件1、1′、1″中。所以另一构件能固定在由CFK制成的车身构件1、1′、1″上,而车身构件1、1′、1″为此不必具有孔,该孔会至少在孔的区域中降低刚度。因此在车身构件1、1′、1″上仅需要至少一个肋条3、3′、3″,该肋条能在由CFK制造车身构件1、1′、1′时由基体材料一体地一起成型。装配件4、4′、4″因此具有夹紧部段6、6′、6″,所述夹紧部段在预紧的情况下贴靠在所述至少一个肋条3、3′、3″上,并且这样使装配件4、4′、4″力锁合地夹紧固定。
Claims (9)
1.由碳纤维增强塑料制成的面状的车身构件(1、1′、1″),所述车身构件包括至少一层碳纤维,所述碳纤维嵌入环氧树脂中,该面状的车身构件(1、1′、1″)具有至少一个肋条(3、3′、3″),所述肋条从面状的车身构件(1、1′、1″)向上伸出,并且所述肋条仅由环氧树脂制成,装配件(4、4′、4″)力锁合地至少部分地包围肋条(3、3′、3″),使得该装配件夹紧固定在肋条(3、3′、3″)上,装配件(4、4′、4″)具有至少一个孔(9、9′、9″),所述孔能用于固定另一构件。
2.按权利要求1所述的面状的车身构件,其特征在于:所述至少一个肋条(3、3′)设置在面状的车身构件(1、1′)中的凹槽(2、2′)内。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的面状的车身构件,其特征在于:设置至少两个彼此不平行的肋条(3),装配件(4)夹紧在这些肋条上。
4.按上述权利要求任一项所述的面状的车身构件,其特征在于:至少一个肋条(3″)是环形的。
5.按上述权利要求任一项所述的面状的车身构件,其特征在于:装配件(4、4′、4″)由金属板制成。
6.按权利要求5所述的面状的车身构件,其特征在于:装配件(4、4′、4″)具有面状的部段(5、5′、5″),该面状的部段在所述至少一个肋条(3、3′、3″)的区域中平行于车身构件(1、1′、1″)。
7.按权利要求6所述的面状的车身构件,其特征在于:从面状的部段(5、5′)弯曲地伸出至少两个夹紧部段(6、6′),在这些夹紧部段之间夹入所述至少一个肋条(3、3′)。
8.按上述权利要求任一项所述的面状的车身构件,其特征在于:为了安装在面状的车身构件(1、1′、1″)上,装配件(4、4′、4″)能通过力从上方套装到所述至少一个肋条(3、3′、3″)上。
9.按上述权利要求任一项所述的面状的车身构件,其特征在于:装配件(4)的至少一个贴靠在肋条(3)上的夹紧部段(6)具有多个齿(8),所述齿的齿面使套装到肋条(3)上变得容易,并且在拆卸装配件(4)时所述齿钩入肋条(3)。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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DE102009050990.9 | 2009-10-28 | ||
DE102009050990.9A DE102009050990B4 (de) | 2009-10-28 | 2009-10-28 | Flächiges Karosseriebauteil aus einem Kohlefaser-verstärkten Kunststoff |
PCT/EP2010/066066 WO2011051227A1 (de) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-25 | Flächiges karosseriebauteil aus einem kohlefaser-verstärkten kunststoff und seine befestigungsvorrichtung |
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CN102695644A true CN102695644A (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
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US (1) | US8714630B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102695644B (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO2011051227A1 (zh) |
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CN102695644B (zh) | 2014-11-26 |
WO2011051227A1 (de) | 2011-05-05 |
DE102009050990A1 (de) | 2011-05-05 |
US20120248821A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
US8714630B2 (en) | 2014-05-06 |
DE102009050990B4 (de) | 2020-09-17 |
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