CN102677648A - Simple wind sheltering and sand fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a simple wind sheltering and sand fixing device. The simple wind sheltering and sand fixing device can be made of corrosion resistant materials such as plastic, rock wool boards, glass fibers and the like; and various forms of combinations in different states are listed in the invention. When the simple wind sheltering and sand fixing device is used, the ditching and channeling and other auxiliary fixing devices are not needed; as long as one sides with teeth of sand fixing plates in the simple wind sheltering and sand fixing device are downward, end sockets of flanges are riveted with sliding chute guide rails of sand retaining plates higher than sand surfaces and are directly wedged in sandy oil; and a certain area of geometric grid is defined through the tenon-and-mortise connection and pairing chaining of the sand fixing plates, column piles and the sand fixing plates. The simple wind sheltering and sand fixing device is simple in manufacturing technology and durable to use. The simple and easy wind sheltering and sand fixing device can be used in the depth of deserts, protects ecological environments and expands usable lands.

Description

A kind of simple and easy device of checking winds and fixing drifting sand

Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of simple and easy device of checking winds and fixing drifting sand.

Background technology: (one) grassland, farmland desertification problem are the major issue of national economy, also are world-famous puzzles.Be " World Day to combat desertification " annual June 17.The data that carries weight shows that the loss that the desertification in the annual whole world causes is up to 42,000,000,000 dollars.The annual direct losses that cause because of desertification of land of China are up to 54,000,000,000 yuan.Annual newly-increased sandy land area is equivalent to a county.China is one of minimum country of cultivated area capable of using per capita; Receive in the countries and regions of desertification harm in 110 in the whole world; China be ccd area maximum, endangered country most populous, that the extent of injury is the most serious: the desertification floor space almost is 2 times of cultivated area, is equivalent to the desertification of land of 14 Guangdong Province's territory areas, nearly 400,000,000 populations are disaster-stricken, directly annual and indirect economic loss more reaches more than 3,000 hundred million yuans.For many years, annual 1000 hundred million yuan of desertification, the desertification inputs of administering of China.In recent years, the cumulative investment of checking winds and fixing drifting sand surpassed 4,700 hundred million yuan, and still, the improvement degree still is unable to catch up with overall deterioration degree, and actual effect is still troubling.Check winds and fix drifting sand, fixing the sand is key issue.Introduce in the positive Asus of Zhao in 2006 of the Lanzhou University bachelorship paper " fix the sand with new material and field fix the sand comprehensive technology research ": existing method of checking winds and fixing drifting sand mainly comprises: (one) engineering is fixed the sand: adopt materials such as bavin, grass, branch, clay, cobble, lath; Control direction, speed, the structure that dust storm flows at Shamian Island or the sandy land surface thing (like straw checkerboard barrier, nylon wire, cement block etc.) of placing obstacles with this; Change wind erosion, husky cumuliformis condition; Reach and check winds and fix drifting sand, hinder sand, change the purpose of wind action power and landforms situation; (2) chemical sand-fixing: utilize chemical substance to spray or the dried sandy land surface that is spread on, form and fix the sand to tie layer, avoid the direct impact of air-flow, reach the purpose of fixing the sand to husky surface; (3) sand consolidation with biologic: make full use of the limited moisture and the nutrient of sand ground, taking kind tree, broadcasting fillings, plant grass etc. is that main means reach restore vegetation, increase the purpose of roughness and improvement desertification with forestry; The weak point and the limitation of these methods are: need the mass mechanized construction during 1, engineering is fixed the sand; Construction receives the restriction of desert surface topography and geomorphology easily in the depths, desert; And grooving trench digging on drift sand; Material resources, financial resources consumption are bigger; Some technology also can produce some negative influences (as: the covering obstruct of cobble coverings, concrete prefabricated lath, piece etc.) for fixing the sand the vegetation recovery engineering of going again in desert, back, and that engineering is fixed the sand is great, spread and occur easily also on the cover material material that sand buries, the wind erosion problem, and reinstatement works is complicated; 2, chemical sand-fixing: though with low cost, construction is quick, biocompatibility is better; As: introduced a kind of " multifunctional liquid membrane sand-fixing agent " in the key scientific and technological projects " novel sand-consolidating agent and sand fixing technology exploitation " by China University Of Petroleum Beijing and CNPC's Lanzhou Petrochemical Company cooperation completion, because i.e. degraded after 2 years.The cycle of fixing the sand is short, therefore needs the row shop to cover again again.When being gone comprehensive development and utilization more as yet, just be degraded for the region existence that is located in the desertification depths; 3, sand consolidation with biologic though belong to the best means of checking winds and fixing drifting sand, is provided with the hay grid, has easy ageing or damage, and life cycle is not long, the problem that repeats to upgrade with regard to needs; Planting the grass tree planting needs certain water source nutrient supply and routine servicing, and the abominable place of natural environment receives the restriction of conditions such as water source supply, accumulated temperature, maintenance, is difficult to ensure.The local relatively preferably infringement influence of suffering disease, worm, the plague of rats and the lively thing of desert food wasteland again easily of natural environment, and effective time is longer just can begin performance after will growing usually 3～5 years and fix the sand usefulness, and survival rate is low; Find that through retrieval the patented technology relevant with the present invention comprises: (1) Haijunhouqinbujungangjichangying Suite, China People's Liberation Army; The Ni of Chinese Academy of Sciences cold area arid region environment and Engineering research institute becomes monarch; Fang Huadong; Bend for army building; Jia Tingping; The CN200820179716.2 utility model patent that Li Heqing declares; The CN201120004578.6 that the Changzhou roc rises the Wu Xiaojiang design of the geosynthetics material engineering Co., Ltd barrier utility model patent of checking winds and fixing drifting sand; The CN86201788 utility model patent of Tang Xinhua design, this Technology Need increase auxiliary accessories such as spud pile and screw to be installed, and can accomplish assembling, operates comparatively complicated; The Jiang De of Shenyang Inst. of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences is bright; Liu Zhimin; The CN02275025.8 utility model patent of Kou Zhenwu design; The CN200420002008.3 utility model patent of Chen Chuanbiao design; The CN99225182.6 utility model patent of Zhao Zhili design; " administering the method for hazards of sand storms " CN101063306 patent of invention of Wang Ping design, this method are with the Polywoven Bag sand of packing into, build to become to keep out the wind the dam, add the method for straw and plastics colour bar cloth covering Shamian Island.These technology can only be implemented passivity defence relatively at road, grassland, farmland, living area perimeter strip, and can't realize the extension to the zone in depth, desert owing to the defective that self exists; (2), find to be with the more approaching technology of present technique through retrieval: doctor's Ma Quanlin will Wang Ji of " water and soil conservation journal " 01 interim Gansu Province Zhisha Research Institute in 2005 with; Zhan Kejie; The plastics grid sand-protecting barrier sand control technology of introducing in the treatise of Liu Hujun cooperation research and development " plastics grid sand-protecting barrier fix the sand principle and popularizing application prospect thereof "; Adopt high density polyethylene (HDPE); Add HALS-3 stabilizing agent, ultra-violet absorber, antioxidant and nano material; Adopt double-deck chaining, lateral opening lining to go into technology braiding and form, forms, utilize increase underlying surface roughness, reduce wind speed, weaken the principle realization sand control effect of wind erosion by plastic wire and spud pile; Through the experiment proof; This technology is compared with traditional wheat straw grid sand-protecting barrier, clay sand-protecting barrier, has to check winds and fix drifting sand that effective, operating technology is simple, the characteristics of useful life more than 10 years, makes it possess the primary condition of in control of desert, applying.This technological weak point is: (A) disposable input cost is higher, and according to measuring and calculating, drop into and need 3900 yuan per hundred square metres of first time; (B) use in strong, the Sha Yuanguang of, wind-force many at strong wind, mobile big drift sand area; Be easy to generate that sand buries or in the spud pile and the generation sapping problem off the net of facining the wind; Not only improved maintenance cost, can cause problems such as shortening service life simultaneously, made large tracts of land promote and be restricted.In sum; The weak point of these prior aries is: a, prior art are owing to basically all considered the ventilative sexual factor of sand-protecting barrier itself merely; The ventilative type net structure design of the half elevation that has therefore all adopted facade or appeared by means of other fastening devicess makes that thus the key of checking winds and fixing drifting sand---the actual efficacy exertion that fixes the sand receives certain influence.This design simultaneously exists also unavoidablely that structure is complicated, manufacturing process requirement is higher; Input cost is bigger; So not only reduced extra high, the life cycle weak point of reinforcing auxiliary equipment, complicated operation, maintenance cost of the husky intensity of anti-current, increase of sand-protecting barrier itself; Have only 2～10 years, anti-aging degree is low, can't catch up with and surpass the speed that desert worsens of administering at all; B, owing to adopt ventilative type structure of facade and the ventilative type structure of half elevation; Therefore existence shortage reply sand buries, the balanced solution limitation of sapping problem; Be difficult to the effect of checking winds and fixing drifting sand that the performance of dynamic role ground is extended to vertical-depth dust storm source, desert, this also is to apply one of reason that is restricted; C, to be objective, the key of checking winds and fixing drifting sand is to fix the sand, because for wind, the mankind can only alleviate its extent of injury, but can't stop.And for sand, then can it be cut apart, dissolve through relevant technology, relative fixed limits in certain scope and flows altogether, increases the roughness of husky surface, reduces wind speed, weakens its harm.With respect to the high-altitude that is rolled onto km on the hundreds of by wind, only consider tens centimetres high ventilative amount, its meaning and value are inappreciable.The emphasis of research more should be placed on the moving husky body unit area of anti-current load-bearing, application life, material therefor, technology, overcome that sand buries, the aspects such as biocompatibility when sapping and comprehensive development; D, with regard to the 10 years application life of existing sand proof net barrier, also be the integral body harm speed that can't catch up with desertification, can not utilize by vertical-depth in the desert; E, technological ubiquity before this and are lacked the relatively reasonable husky countermeasure of burying sapping of balance solution ... In addition, fail to retrieve other identical with present technique or be close technology again.

Summary of the invention: a kind of simple and easy device of checking winds and fixing drifting sand; It is characterized in that: installing employed integral material is to process with anti-aging materials such as the plastic material with certain intensity, rock cotton board, glass fiber; Stanchion and sandboard, sandboard stand end, facade with side between the sandboard on, have and to carry out geometric form fin termination and the chute guide rail that tenon fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches type links in length and breadth; Fin termination on stanchion, the sandboard links with the chute guide rail, can surround the geometric form gridiron, and certain harmomegathus gap is arranged between fin termination and the chute guide rail; Rely on fin termination and chute guide rail; Stanchion and sandboard, sandboard and sandboard can slide up and down, and awl or the tooth that has tip degree arranged in the lower end of stanchion and sandboard, an apparent stake type, latent stake type, no stanchion tenon fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches streptostyly are arranged and do not have the ripple money of stake assembly to four kinds of forms of type and aforementioned forms; Showing under the stake type mode; The length of stanchion is greater than the width of sandboard, and the tooth at sandboard two ends is longer than the tooth between it under latent stake form, and the geometric form lines of the solid that increases rough air is arranged on the sandboard side elevation of ripple money.

The marked improvement and the outstanding feature of present technique are: present technique has overcome the limitation of prior art, utilizes plastic material to be difficult to the characteristic of natural degradation, realizes checking winds and fixing drifting sand effect through specialized designs.Its objective is provide a kind of more scientific and reasonable, need not to use special auxiliary equipment, technical ability, simple to operate, again can balance solve all kinds of problems in desert, realize that persistence is fixed the sand, ecological benefits and the comprehensive benefit device of checking winds and fixing drifting sand significantly.Specifically comprise: 1, with the single creature compared with techniques of checking winds and fixing drifting sand; Can be suitable for all especially in the depths, desert, do not receive conditions such as infringement and the natural climate of saline and alkaline, accumulated temperature, water source supply, disease, worm, the plague of rats, wild animal be abominable restriction, fix the sand produce effects directly, need not maintenance management; 2, fix the sand to compare with existing engineering, need not the engineering machinery construction with sand-protecting dam technology and shop coating technique, less investment, it is convenient to implement, and applies conveniently; 3, with the existing technology of checking winds and fixing drifting sand in straw checkerboard barrier, sand proof net barrier technique compare because it is big to fix the sand plate intensity in the present technique, therefore need not to consider ventilative property and the trade-off problem of passing through sand property.Present technique need not any mounting technique, need not to change basically again, and is simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, also without any need for other tool equipments; Need not grooving trench digging on the sand dune of flowing, also need not spud pile, only need in the directly manual wedging sandy soil; Save labor, accomplish the work of checking winds and fixing drifting sand alone, need not the later stage updating maintenance and drop into; Can use for a long time and reach many decades even more of a specified duration; Because the speed of its degraded surpasses in reverse the speed that worsens in integral body far away, therefore be more convenient for implementing to extend to the depths, desert, expand and protect soil capable of using; 4, because existing facade network structure is changed into integrated board-like structure; Unit area anti-blown sand intensity significantly strengthens, anti-aging degree compared with prior art improves more than tens of times; Utilize period ratio Plastic sand preventing net barrier to significantly improve; And comprehensive input cost is then lower than Plastic sand preventing net fault device and check dam engineering, and 0.5 yuan of every square metre of insufficient investment of annual mean is brought into play sand fixation lastingly; 5, present technique is designed to have the tooth of tip degree owing to be designed to the up and down plank frame of one in addition in the lower end of sandboard, therefore fixes the sand plate can wedge easily in the drift sand; Naturally produce support force immediately, therefore can need not supporting facility such as spud pile, bracing frame and reinforce, though sand buries to running into, sapping this be difficult to the situation that overcomes and solve; Also solve more easily than the anti-sand-protecting barrier of ventilative type of the prior art; When running into sand that extreme climate causes and burying serious situation, lift a bit on only need thinking, and run into sapping when serious; Only need to press a bit to the sandy soil depths; So, can persistence ground husky body that large tracts of land is flowed cut apart and be controlled in the narrow and small scope, thereby realize fixing the sand truly; 6, owing to be designed to relatively closed or corrugated stuffy type structure in the present technique, power is given to the center of gridiron in the loop that has increased corrugated rough air, and the sand of also preventing to a certain extent buries the active force that the large tracts of land with sapping produces; 7, since the joinery and its construction of the special integral type of present technique and three-dimensional corrugated design can produce vertical, transverse direction and with the triaxiality of the vertical direction of the Shamian Island gradient; Increased the impedance strength with the sandy soil horizontal direction, also made and fix the sand the gridiron that plate surrounds and be not subject to destruction; 8, be straight plate incorporate plank frame up and down with the net like structure of modification of prior art, be not only solved structure simple rigid, intensity greatly improve, easy to operation, need not problems such as later maintenance, life cycle are more lasting, and with conflict mutually of other technologies; Has better biocompatibility; Also educate carrying out synchronously that recoverys degeneration vegetation such as grass works, the ecological benefits of sand consolidation with biologic and consequent economic benefit are contacted directly, simultaneously for fixing the sand and implement drip irrigation, dust storm; For will check winds and fix drifting sand from the grassland, the extending and expand to the depths, desert in the neighbourhood real feasibility is provided of forest land, road and living area; More large tracts of land promote with sand control after go comprehensive development and utilization again, become Sha Jinren and move back to behave and force sand to move back, seal sand and make ground; When treating that biology fixes the sand to play a role fully; Only needing to fix the sand plate directly extracts out from sandy soil and gets final product, and helps preserving the ecological environment, and expands, enlarges and protect farmland.Even after follow-up sand consolidation with biologic plays a role, the sandboard of removing also can also repeat recycling, and comprehensive benefit is remarkable; 8, because sandboard support chute can be according to actual needs; The sand that occurs to blockiness buries, the type of sapping is upwards mentioned respectively or press action; Make the sandboard upper edge can be kept above more than the Shamian Island all the time; Be not merely solve huskyly bury, sapping provides reasonably, the solution of balance, can also drift sand fixedly be controlled within the narrow and small scope of geometric form gridiron enduringly.Therefore, popularization can reach permanent purpose of fixing the sand in large area; 9, owing to can persistence bring into play sand fixation in the depths, desert; Maintenance cost is low; Not only increased roughness, the reduction wind speed on sandy soil surfaces, made sandy soil under wind, husky body large tracts of land has been flowed implement effectively to decompose and control; The also loss in the mobile arable land capable of using of causing of the husky body of control large tracts of land from the source improves weather and ecological environment; 10, plastic material need not senior especially selection; Also can be diluted by scarcely populated desert even produce a spot of pollution, can not live to people directly produces harmful effect, and two-areas of competence evil mutually gets that it is light; Moving dunes are results of natural stress formation in 1,100; Radical cure for a full due is also unrealistic, but we can utilize some means that the speed of its deterioration is lowered, and the extent of injury reduces.China is plastics-production big country, and material is easy to get, general have phenoplasts that certain degree of hardness reclaims all can, reduce white pollution, turn waste into wealth, manufacturing process is simple, and is with low cost.

Description of drawings: it is the structural representation that example was appeared that appended each figure of the present invention is with the rectangle state, and the vertical view example of honeycombed, triangle, rhombus and other state diagrams and various joinery and its constructions is omitted.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the latent stake of present technique type.

Fig. 2 is that present technique does not have the structural representation of stanchion assembly to type.

Fig. 3 is that present technique does not have the structural representation of stanchion assembly to type ripple money.

The specific embodiment: when present technique is used; Need not to ditch grooving and other auxiliary fixing devices, one side only need fixing the sand plate in the present technique down toothed, with fin termination and the chute guide rail riveted that exceeds the sandboard of Shamian Island; Directly in the wedging sandy soil; Through fix the sand plate and stanchion, fix the sand the tenon fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches of plate and be connected and piece together linking, surround latticed the getting final product of geometric form of certain area, be advisable for 10～30 centimetres to exceed the sandy soil face in the sandboard upper edge.

Claims (1)

1. simple and easy device of checking winds and fixing drifting sand; It is characterized in that: installing employed integral material is to process with anti-aging materials such as the plastic material with certain intensity, rock cotton board, glass fiber; Stanchion and sandboard (1), sandboard (1) stand end, facade with side between the sandboard (1) on, have and to carry out geometric form fin termination (2) and the chute guide rail (3) that tenon fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches type links in length and breadth; Fin termination (2) on stanchion, the sandboard (1) links with chute guide rail (3), can surround the geometric form gridiron, between fin termination (2) and the chute guide rail (3) certain harmomegathus gap is arranged; Rely on fin termination (2) and chute guide rail (3); Stanchion and sandboard (1), sandboard (1) can slide up and down with sandboard (1), and awl or the tooth (4) that has tip degree arranged in the lower end of stanchion and sandboard (1), an apparent stake type, latent stake type, no stanchion tenon fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches streptostyly are arranged and do not have the ripple money of stake assembly to four kinds of forms of type and aforementioned forms; Showing under the stake type form; The length of stanchion is greater than the width of sandboard, and the tooth (5) at sandboard two ends is longer than the tooth between it under latent stake form, and the geometric form lines (6) of the solid that increases rough air is arranged on the sandboard side elevation of ripple money.

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