CN102675724A - Black functional mulch dedicated for fruit tree - Google Patents
Black functional mulch dedicated for fruit tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN102675724A CN102675724A CN201210155385XA CN201210155385A CN102675724A CN 102675724 A CN102675724 A CN 102675724A CN 201210155385X A CN201210155385X A CN 201210155385XA CN 201210155385 A CN201210155385 A CN 201210155385A CN 102675724 A CN102675724 A CN 102675724A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a black functional mulch dedicated for a fruit tree, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35-45% of LLDPE(Linear low density polyethylene), 6-15% of LDPE(Low-density polyethylene), 5-12% of HDPE (High-density polyethylene), 15-25% of mPE (polyethylene), 8-15% of black master batch and 5-12% of functional master batch of mulch dedicated for a fruit tree, wherein the functional master batch of mulch dedicated for a fruit tree comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-45% of LLDPE powder, 5-12% of LDPE, 5-12% of HDPE powder, 5-15% of mPE, 4-12% of hindered amine light stabilizer, 1.5-3.5% of antioxidant, 1.5-3.5% of ultraviolet absorber, 1.5-4.0% of dispersant stearic acid, 1.5-4.0% of dispersant polyethylene wax, 2-8% of herbicide acetochlor and 5-9% of insulating agent. According to the black functional mulch dedicated for a fruit tree, the problem that the common black mulch has short service life (about 80 days) and is easy to age is solved. The service life of the black functional mulch is above 12 months which is more than four times of the service life of the common black mulch. In addition, the functional effects on collecting rain, conserving moisture, lowering and keeping temperature and preventing weeds in the whole root system development, growth and fructescence period of the fruit tree can be ensured. In addition, the black functional mulch is a pollution-free production which is easy to recover and is friendly to the environment, and the ecological environment is powerfully protected. The black functional mulch is widely suitable for fruit mulching cultivation in areas with the rainfall capacity of 300-500mm, big temperature difference and low temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural ground coating film, relate in particular to a kind of special-purpose black function of fruit tree mulch film that is applicable to planting fruit trees.
Background technology
Adopt black plastic film to cover top fruit sprayer bottom soil such as apple; Can increase output and benefit; Improving large fruit rate simultaneously, prevent orchard weeds and disease and pest etc., is a new technology of domestic soil management in recent years, also is an innovation greatly of cultivation traditional way.This technology package has solved the problems that exist in the orchard soil management, has the effect that abridged edition, upgrading, synergy etc. are achieved many things at one stroke, got twice the result with half the effort.But black mulch film commonly used now has only about 80 days work-ing life, is difficult to again reclaim fully after wearing out, and has progressively formed large-area pollution, and these principles and policies with the central Sustainable development of advocating, energy-saving and emission-reduction, harmonious development are incompatible.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a planting fruit-trees special-purpose black weed removal mulch film, can reach its work-ing life more than 12 months, can reduce the mulch film investment thus, reduce agriculture production cost.And assurance covers the functional effect of the whole root system development of fruit tree, growth, fructescence collection rain soil moisture conservation, preserving temperature and reducing temperature, anti-weeds.
For this reason, take following technical scheme: the special-purpose black function of planting fruit-trees mulch film is to be processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE 35%-45%; LDPE 8%-15%, HDPE 5%-12%, mPE 15%-25%; Black masterbatch 8%-15%, fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch 5%-12%; Described fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch is processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE powder 30%-45%, LDPE 5%-12%, HDPE powder 5%-12%; MPE 5%-15%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 4%-12%, inhibitor 1.5%-3.5%; UV light absorber 1.5%-3.5%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 1.5%-4.0%, polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 1.5%-4.0%; Weedicide acetochlor 2%-8%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 5%-9%.
The invention solves existing common unregistered land film work-ing life short (about 80 days); Be prone to the aged problem; Can reach more than 12 months work-ing life; Be more than 4 times of existing common unregistered land film work-ing life, and guarantee to cover the functional effect of the whole root system development of fruit tree, growth, fructescence collection rain soil moisture conservation, preserving temperature and reducing temperature, anti-weeds.But also be to be easy to reclaim, environment amenable pollution-free product has effectively been protected ecotope.It is adaptable across rainfall amount 300-500 millimeter, and the temperature difference is bigger, the geographic fruit tree culture underglass that temperature is lower.
The present invention is applied in the fruit tree culture underglass, also has following distinguishing feature:
Water saving soil moisture conservation is taked precautions against drought: the orchard has the effect of water conservation and moisture-holding with black function mulch film, and is covered because of the soil below the film, can effectively utilize autumn and winter precipitation snowfall so that the moisture on the face of land is unlikely to evaporation, accumulates moisture, solves arid natural situation of spring.Simultaneously, make precipitation concentrate on effective root mass district, reach the height coupling of rich water; Improved the utilization ratio of rich water, covered the special-purpose black function of fruit tree mulch film, be equivalent to increase the natural rainfall about 50mm than the overlay film soil moisture content is not high by 5%; Reduce and pour water more than 70%, reduce erosion, keep soil from packing together soil; The physicochemical character of improving the soil is created the good environment of root growth.Run into rainy weather simultaneously, it can prevent that more excessive rainfall ground from immersing, and waters down with the sweet taste that causes fruit.
Thermoregulation effect is remarkable: adopt the special-purpose black function of fruit tree mulch film to have the thermoregulated function of insulation, because soil sees that light is few under the film of black film, daytime and high temperature season ambient light are according to strong, and it hides the direct projection of sunlight, and it is too fast to avoid the face of land to heat up; Evening and low temperature season and for example equally are incubated with cotton-wadded quilt, avoid the too fast decline of temperature, and the soil moisture because of the big variation of outside air temperature changes, can not play the effect of stablizing ground temperature under the film, thereby can promote root growth, strengthen tree vigo(u)r.Black mulch film can improve ground temperature 0.5-4 ℃, heat than the little 1.5-6 of white mulch film ℃, but 20 centimetres of soil moisture variations is less, prevents to heat significantly making the fruit tree growth phenological period in advance.
Suppress to prevent and kill off weeds under the fruit tree: adopt fruit tree black special function mulch film to block because of the sunlight tunicle; The photosynthesis of soil weeds under the block film; Temperature is relatively low in addition, and the growth of ground weeds is restricted, the effect that has good inhibition and pull up weeds and grow; Prevent the loss of fruit tree desired nutritional composition, reduce field weeding farming labour intensity simultaneously.
Reduce the generation of orchard humidity and prevention and elimination of disease and pests: the special-purpose black of fruit tree film mulching and planting functionally can reduce the evaporation of soil moisture under the fruit tree, thereby reduces the atmospheric moisture in orchard, prevents the generation of diseases such as mould leaf disease; Simultaneously.Because the adjusting of the soil moisture and illumination under the film, make adaptations of can't surviving of disease and pests such as heart-eating worm, red spider, the prevention and elimination of disease and pests generation has the incidence of minimizing decayed fruit, malformed fruit.
The effect of increasing income is remarkable: adopt the membrane covering of black fruit tree special function to educate fruit, owing to its useful soil moisture conservation, collection rain, insulation temperature adjustment, weeding, prevent disease and pest, improve the rich water utilization ratio, functions such as nutrient are provided for growth and development of fruit tree in time; According to relevant department's researching determining; The absorption root and the radicula total amount that cover black fruit tree special function mulch film increase more than 1.5-2 times than open country, and vane thickness increases 5-10% than open country, and blinds heavily increases 4-10%; Per mu yield improves more than 30%; Single fruit weight improves 24-42%, improves a class and grade at least, and every mu saves production cost about 200 yuan.
Use cultivation mode of the present invention: membrane covering with autumn, early spring for well, can adopt in the ranks cover, the tree dish covers and full garden covers mode.In the ranks cover and combine fertilising to do whole ground, ridge before covering, promptly with tree behavior center, do high 20 centimetres, the rib of wide 2.5-3 rice, face leveling in ridge also suitably makes real, after carry out overlay film.The tree dish is poured water after covering and putting the tree dish in order immediately, and water oozed the back 2-3 days, repairs the tree dish again; Its size is decided with the tree crown size; Hillside orchard is trimmed to the high slightly counter-slope shape of outer rim with the tree dish, infiltrates root soil so that rainwater is pooled to tree crown, makes full use of natural precipitation; Big tree covers, and the tree dish should be a bit larger tham the tree crown projection, then with the mulching specially used covering of the black of corresponding size; Because tree dish is big, need several width of cloth mulch films to link during the film of shop, should note the connection place suitably overlappingly, and real with soil pressure, topdress behind the overlay film and pour water, can on mulch film, punch and spread manuer in holes and hole irrigation, the back of pouring water is with native tight with port lid; Spread autumn can be intact behind the film remain to spring next year.
Main physical properties test-results of the present invention is seen table 1 and table 2, and the product of wherein getting different batches is respectively as test objective 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#.
Table 1: initial physical mechanical property
Can know that from table 1 physical and mechanical properties of the present invention all meets GB GB13735-92 III class premium grads rank, the quality index tool is good.
Table 2: different time physical and mechanical properties and retention rate are used in the land for growing field crops:
Can know from table 2: the special-purpose black function of fruit tree mulch film is with the continuity of duration of service, and various physical and mechanical propertiess and retention rate linearly descend basically.Back draft in 12 months load retention rate is basically more than 55%, and fracture height rate retention rate is more than 50%, and right-angle tearing is loaded more than 40%, also can continue to use more than 6 months.
Through measuring; The absorption root and the radicula total amount that cover black fruit tree special function mulch film increase more than 1.5-2 times than open country, and vane thickness increases 5-10% than open country, and blinds heavily increases 4-10%; Per mu yield improves more than 30%; Single fruit weight improves 24-42%, improves a class and grade at least, and every mu saves production cost about 200 yuan.Herbicidal effect reaches more than 95%.
Embodiment
The special-purpose black function of embodiment 1, one planting fruit-trees mulch film, be to be processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE 40%, and LDPE 12%, and HDPE 8%, and mPE 20%, black masterbatch 12%, fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch 8%.
The special-purpose black function of embodiment 2, one planting fruit-trees mulch film, be to be processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE 35%, and LDPE 15%, and HDPE 10%, and mPE 18%, black masterbatch 15%, fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch 7%.
The special-purpose black function of embodiment 3, one planting fruit-trees mulch film, be to be processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE 38%, and LDPE 10%, and HDPE 12%, and mPE 15%, black masterbatch 14%, fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch 11%.
The special-purpose black function of embodiment 4, one planting fruit-trees mulch film, be to be processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE 42%, and LDPE 14%, and HDPE 6%, and mPE 25%, black masterbatch 8%, fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch 5%.
The special-purpose black function of embodiment 5, one planting fruit-trees mulch film, be to be processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE 45%, and LDPE 8%, and HDPE 5%, and mPE 20%, black masterbatch 10%, fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch 12%.
All raw materials described in the foregoing description 1-5 all can be buied from disclosed market, adopt among the said embodiment:
LLDPE particulate melt flow rate(MFR) g/10min is 2.0-3.0, as: 7042,7042N etc.;
The melt flow rate(MFR) g/10min of LDPE is 1.0-2.5, as: 2426H etc.;
HDPE particulate melt flow rate(MFR) g/10min is 1.0-2.0, as: 5000S etc.;
The melt flow rate(MFR) g/10min of mPE is 1.0-2.0, as: the strange 1810CA etc. that gets of the dust that Exxon Mobil is produced;
The melt flow rate(MFR) g/10min of black masterbatch is 2.0-4.0, as: the Cabot 2772/2762 that U.S. Cabot Co.,Ltd etc. produce etc.;
Proportioning 1:LLDPE powder 45% LDPE 7.5% of the fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch described in the embodiment 1-5, HDPE powder 7.5%, mPE 10%; Hindered amine as light stabilizer 8%, inhibitor 2.5%, UV light absorber 2.5%; Dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 2.5%; Polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 2.5%, weedicide acetochlor 5%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 7%.
The proportioning 2:LLDPE powder 40% of the fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch described in the embodiment 1-5, LDPE 6%, HDPE powder 6%; MPE 12%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 6%, inhibitor 1.5%; UV light absorber 3.5%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 4%, polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 4%; Weedicide acetochlor 8%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 9%.
The proportioning 3:LLDPE powder 35% of the fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch described in the embodiment 1-5, LDPE 10%, HDPE powder 10%; MPE 5%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 12%, inhibitor 3%; UV light absorber 3%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 3%, polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 3%; Weedicide acetochlor 8%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 8%.
The proportioning 4:LLDPE powder 30% of the fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch described in the embodiment 1-5, LDPE 12%, HDPE powder 12%; MPE 15%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 4%, inhibitor 2%; UV light absorber 2%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 4%, polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 4%; Weedicide acetochlor 6%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 9%.
The proportioning 5:LLDPE powder 45% of the fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch described in the embodiment 1-5, LDPE 5%, HDPE powder 5%; MPE 8%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 10%, inhibitor 3.5%; UV light absorber 1.5%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 4%, polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 4%; Weedicide acetochlor 6%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 8%.
All raw materials described in the above-mentioned fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch proportioning 1-5 all can be buied from disclosed market, mainly adopt in its proportioning:
The melt flow rate(MFR) g/10min of LLDPE powder is 2.0-3.0, as: DFDA 1920/DGM1875 etc.;
The melt flow rate(MFR) g/10min of LDPE is 2.0-3.5, as: 2426F/2420H/2240H etc.;
The melt flow rate(MFR) g/10min of HDPE powder is 1.5-2.0;
The melt flow rate(MFR) g/10min of mPE is 1.5-2.0, as: the 1018CA/2010CH of Exxon Mobil etc.;
The preparation method of above-mentioned each embodiment is that the technical process of blown film production is:
The preparation of said fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch: each component of said fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch is extruded tie rod → oven dry → pelletizing by the even high-speed stirring kneading → plasticizing of its proportioning get the fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch; Afterwards with the fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch of gained and described LLDPE, LDPE, HDPE, mPE 、 ?masterbatch by said mixed → plastify → extrude → inflation → drawing-off → cool off → cut → rolling → check → packing → warehouse-in.
The main technologic parameters of said blown film production is seen table 3.
Table 3: the main technologic parameters that blown film is produced
Specification of the present invention: wide 1200-1400mm, thickness is: 0.010~0.016 millimeter, per 667 square metres (1 mus) are with 6~10 kilograms of films.
Claims (5)
1. the special-purpose black function of planting fruit-trees mulch film is characterized in that being processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE 35%-45%, LDPE 8%-15%, HDPE 5%-12%, mPE 15%-25%, black masterbatch 8%-15%, fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch 5%-12%; Described fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch is processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE powder 30%-45%, LDPE 5%-12%, HDPE powder 5%-12%; MPE 5%-15%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 4%-12%, inhibitor 1.5%-3.5%; UV light absorber 1.5%-3.5%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 1.5%-4.0%, polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 1.5%-4.0%; Weedicide acetochlor 2%-8%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 5%-9%.
2. the special-purpose black function of a planting fruit-trees according to claim 1 mulch film is characterized in that being processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE 38%-42%, LDPE 10%-14%; HDPE 6%-10%; MPE 18%-20%, black masterbatch 10%-14%, fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch 7%-11%; Described fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch is processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE powder 30%-45%, LDPE 5%-12%, HDPE powder 5%-12%; MPE 5%-15%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 4%-12%, inhibitor 1.5%-3.5%; UV light absorber 1.5%-3.5%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 1.5%-4.0%, polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 1.5%-4.0%; Weedicide acetochlor 2%-8%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 5%-9%.
3. the special-purpose black function of a planting fruit-trees according to claim 1 mulch film, it is characterized in that being processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE 40%, and LDPE 12%, and HDPE 8%, and mPE 20%, black masterbatch 12%, fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch 8%; Described fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch is processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE powder 30%-45%, LDPE 5%-12%, HDPE powder 5%-12%; MPE 5%-15%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 4%-12%, inhibitor 1.5%-3.5%; UV light absorber 1.5%-3.5%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 1.5%-4.0%, polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 1.5%-4.0%; Weedicide acetochlor 2%-8%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 5%-9%.
4. according to the special-purpose black function of each described planting fruit-trees mulch film among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE powder 35%-40%, LDPE 6%-10%; HDPE powder 6%-10%, mPE 8%-12%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 6%-10%; Inhibitor 2%-3%; UV light absorber 2%-3%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 2%-3%, polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 2%-3%; Weedicide acetochlor 4%-6%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 6%-8%.
5. according to the special-purpose black function of each described planting fruit-trees mulch film among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described fruit tree special-purpose membrane functional master batch processed by following raw materials by weight percent: LLDPE powder 45%, LDPE 7.5%; HDPE powder 7.5%, mPE 10%, hindered amine as light stabilizer 8%; Inhibitor 2.5%, UV light absorber 2.5%, dispersion agent Triple Pressed Stearic Acid 2.5%; Polyethylene of dispersing agent wax 2.5%, weedicide acetochlor 5%, heat preserving agent hydrotalcite 7%.
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CN103214726A (en) * | 2013-05-11 | 2013-07-24 | 云南中蔗农业科技有限责任公司 | Herbicidal long-term covering mulch |
CN104004266A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-08-27 | 甘肃宏鑫农业科技有限公司 | Black weeding mulching film special for potatoes |
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CN104057674A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-24 | 天水天宝塑业有限责任公司 | Three-layer composite red shed plastic film for fragrant-flowered garlic plantation |
CN104057674B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-02-10 | 天水天宝塑业有限责任公司 | A kind of three layers of composite red color canopy film for leek plantation |
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CN105325166A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-17 | 天津创世生态景观建设股份有限公司 | Method for controlling weeds, lowering temperature and preserving soil moisture in nursery stock plantation process |
CN105330949A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-17 | 民勤县邦德贸易有限公司 | Black functional master batch for synthesizing plastic mulch film and preparation method of black functional master batch |
CN105348606A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-02-24 | 民勤县邦德贸易有限公司 | Anti-aging polyolefin drop film |
CN106750767A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-31 | 重庆市江津区森德家庭农场 | A kind of agricultural degradable multi-functional polyethylene mulch film and preparation method thereof |
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CN106750766B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2019-01-08 | 重庆市江津区森德家庭农场 | A kind of agricultural black polyethylene mulch and preparation method thereof |
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