CN102659791A - Method for extracting hemin and globin from animal blood - Google Patents
Method for extracting hemin and globin from animal blood Download PDFInfo
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- CN102659791A CN102659791A CN2012101060424A CN201210106042A CN102659791A CN 102659791 A CN102659791 A CN 102659791A CN 2012101060424 A CN2012101060424 A CN 2012101060424A CN 201210106042 A CN201210106042 A CN 201210106042A CN 102659791 A CN102659791 A CN 102659791A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting hemin and globin by the use of leech protease with animal blood as a raw material. The method comprises the following main steps of: 1, carrying out middle-temperature extraction to prepare leech protease for later use; 2, taking fresh animal blood, carrying out anticoagulation treatment, centrifuging and collecting hemoglobin cells; 3, adding one time of pure water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment and breaking cells; 4, filtering through a screen mesh, leaving a filtrate, and adjusting pH value; 5, adding leech protease for enzymatic hydrolysis; 6, adjusting pH value of an enzymatic hydrolysis liquid and carrying out centrifugal separation; and 7, washing a sediment which has undergone centrifugation, carrying out dehydrolysis and drying to obtain hemin; letting a supernatant which has undergone centrifugation pass through a microfiltration membrane to remove impurities, using a nanofiltration membrane for concentration, and carrying out dehydrolysis and drying on a concentrate to obtain globin. According to the invention, animal blood resources are fully utilized and the leech extract product is used as an enzyme preparation to produce hemin and globin with high added values. The technology is simple and easy to operate, the production cost is low, and the method is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of working method that livestock blood is carried out intensive processing, relating generally to a kind of is raw material with the livestock blood, utilizes leech proteolytic enzyme to extract the method for protohemine and globin peptide.
Background technology
Livestock and poultry blood content is different because of animal species, is example with pig blood, its weight be about the live pig live body heavy 3%～5%.The blood that can collect behind the slaughtered animals accounts for total amount 60%～70%, and remaining is stranded in liver, kidney, skin and the body.Usually butcher a pig, can collect 2.0～3.0kg blood approximately.
China recognizes gradually that since the seventies livestock blood has the better nutritivity health care and is worth, but receives many effects limit, and its utilization is still far from perfect, and causes a large amount of valuable livestock and poultry blood wastings of resources, and causes environmental pollution.The latter stage seventies and the initial stage eighties, country begins to pay attention to the comprehensive utilization of livestock blood, and it is tackled key problems as the emphasis problem, and development research goes out some livestock blood goods in succession.Obtained remarkable progress in recent years; Many great scientific payoffss appear in succession; Its economic benefit and social benefit are increased substantially; Especially research and the application on projects such as animal and fowl fodder, nutritional supplement, protoheme, hematoporphyrin derivative, amino-acid nutrition liquid reached advanced world standards.
In past 10 years, the regionalization trend of Chinese livestock rearing is obvious day by day, and the system of butchering of concentrating is all being carried out in each department in addition, and the livestock blood source is concentrated, extensive and safe and reliable, and therefore making full use of livestock blood seems particularly important in China.This precious resources of rational exploitation and utilization how; Caused the great attention of domestic relevant department; Especially be extracted in the protoheme that all plays an important role in the multiple industry focus of numerous researchs especially; Utilizing livestock blood to prepare high purity chlorination protoheme and globin peptide has critical role for improving the livestock blood comprehensive utilization degree, also is existing economic worth simultaneously, and the cause of social value is arranged again.
Protoheme is the reactive site of oxyphorase, is one type of important natural ferrous porphyrin compound, extensively is present in the blood, muscle of higher animal.The protoheme product that from animal blood, extracts generally is that protohemin is called for short protohemine, and promptly protoporphyrin combines the protohemine that a cl ions forms.Protohemine is used to treat iron-deficiency anaemia, and is not only evident in efficacy, and curative ratio is high and do not have gastrointestinal side effect, and easy administration is easy to the patient and accepts, and is the best benefit chalybeate of present curative effect.
The globin peptide is that oxyphorase removes the little peptide that the protein part behind the protoheme forms through enzymolysis; More be prone to, absorbed by body sooner than total free aminoacids completely, certain effect is arranged at aspects such as promoting immunocyte hyperplasia, antitumor, anti-oxidant, enhancing body immunizing power.
Extract protohemine method common and technical maturity and mainly contain sodium-acetate method, distillation method, tannic acid method, CMC 99.5 method and ice acetic acid method.But on principle, sodium-acetate method, distillation method, tannic acid method all are to utilize acetone to prepare.Its technical process is complicated, and difficult solvent recovery not too is applicable to large-scale industrial production, and understands the residual of organic solvent in the product, has certain potential safety hazard.
Adopting the method for biological enzymolysis that protoheme in the livestock blood and protein are separated, is a kind of comparatively feasible technical scheme.But because it is higher to buy suitable protease preparation price on the market, greatly to the industrial production cost influence.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problem and the defective of existing technology, make full use of the livestock blood resource, the present invention provides a kind of utilization from livestock blood, to extract the method for protohemine and globin peptide as protease preparation with Hirudo extract.
Leech, the popular name leech, growth and breeding in landlocked freshwater is the traditional extraordinary medicinal hydrocoles of China, its dry products is concocted the back traditional Chinese medical science and is used as medicine, and has effects such as treatment apoplexy, hypertension, the clear stasis of blood, amenorrhoea, wound.Record in the ancient medical book and utilize leech to treat multiple disease, call its " main by extravesated blood, hemostasis, month close, broken blood disappears and gathers ", cure holy Zhang Zhongjing and use its eliminating pathogenic factor for supporting vital QI, treat the disease of " hemostasis ", " water knot ", shown the curative effect that it is unique.Adult leech is a food with the blood of animal mainly, and the contained proteolytic enzyme of its Digestive tract efficiently enzymolysis is eaten the protein in the blood, is beneficial to digest and assimilate.
The present invention utilizes from Hirudo extract as protease preparation with the protoheme the livestock blood and protein separately, and comprehensively adopts ultrasonic technology and membrane separation technique to obtain high purity chlorination protoheme and globin peptide totally two kinds of products.
Of the present invention day can realize through following technical proposals:
Utilize leech proteolytic enzyme from livestock blood, to extract the method for protohemine and globin peptide, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
A, leech is clean dries, chopping;
B, the leech after the chopping in a step is put into concentration is 0.05%～0.12% sodium citrate buffer solution, and solid-liquid ratio is 1: 5, and the pH value is 5.0～6.5, and temperature is 35～50 ℃, soaks spinning 10～30 minutes;
Adding ammonium sulfate degree of reaching capacity in c, the supernatant that spinning in the b step is obtained is 30%～50%, carries out fractionation precipitation, and the supernatant that obtains is that the leech protein enzyme solution is subsequent use;
D, fresh livestock blood is added trisodium citrate in 0.8%～1.0% ratio make antithrombotics, uniform mixing 10 minutes, spinning then, abandoning supernatant is collected lower floor's oxyphorase cell;
E, the oxyphorase cell of collecting in the d step is mixed 15～20 minutes smudge cellses of ultrasonication with pure water according to 1: 1 ratio;
F, the cytoclasis liquid in the e step is filtered through 100 eye mesh screens, staying filtrating and regulating pH value to 2.0～3.5;
G, with being warming up to 85～95 ℃ rapidly in the cytoclasis liquid that mixes up the pH value in the f step, be incubated 10～15 minutes, make the abundant sex change of protein; Ratio in 5% adds carries out enzymolysis by the leech protein enzyme solution that obtains in the c step, and regulating the pH value is 5.0～6.5, and enzymolysis time is 100～180 minutes, and keeping temperature is 40～60 ℃;
H, the enzymolysis solution that the g step is obtained are warmed up to 85～90 ℃ of enzymes that go out, and the time is about 5 minutes, regulate pH value to 4.0～5.5, and the throw out that spinning obtains dehydrates after washing again and promptly obtains protohemine;
I, the supernatant that spinning in the h step is obtained filter through the microfiltration membrane device, and impurity trapped, fiber and high molecular weight protein etc. obtain microfiltration membrane filtrating, and the micro-filtrate membrane filtration aperture is 0.1～1.0um;
J, the microfiltration membrane that obtains in i step filtrating is concentrated through the nf membrane device again, for the follow-up operation that dehydrates reduces the heavy burdens, the nf membrane pore size filter is 0.1～1.0nm;
K, again the nf membrane liquid concentrator that obtains in the j step is dehydrated, obtain the globin peptide.
Sodium citrate buffer solution concentration among the said step b is 0.08%～0.10%, and the pH value is 5.5～6.0, and temperature is 40～45 ℃, soaks 15～20 minutes.
It is 2.5～3.0 that cytoclasis liquid filtrating among the said step f is regulated the pH value.
It is 5.5～6.0 that enzymolysis process in the said step g is regulated the pH value, and enzymolysis time is 120～150 minutes, and keeping temperature is 45～50 ℃.
The enzymolysis solution pH value of going out among the said step h behind the enzyme transfers to 4.5～5.0.
The present invention compares with existing technology, has the following advantages:
The present invention has effectively utilized the livestock blood resource, adopts biological enzyme to combine with ultrasonic technology, membrane separation technique, extracts protohemine and globin peptide.
The present invention utilizes Hirudo extract as protease preparation the protein in the livestock blood to be degraded and split with protoheme, has reduced the production cost of enzymolysis and extraction technology.
The present invention is simple for process, and operational safety can obtain high-quality title product.
The outward appearance of the protohemine that the present invention obtains is a black powder, and purity is greater than 90%; The outward appearance of globin peptide is a pink, and lipidated protein is greater than 90%, and its molecular weight mainly is distributed between 200～1000Dal.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is carried out detailed explanation:
Embodiment 1:
Water intaking leech 100g dries after cleaning; Chopping; Put into concentration and be 0.08% sodium citrate buffer solution, solid-liquid ratio is 1: 5, and the pH value is 5.5, and temperature is 40 ℃, soaks 15 minutes; Supernatant is collected in spinning; It is 30% that supernatant is added ammonium sulfate degree of reaching capacity, and carries out fractionation precipitation, and the supernatant leech protein enzyme solution that obtains is subsequent use.Get 200ml fresh pig blood, the ratio according to 0.8% adds the antithrombotics trisodium citrate, and supernatant is removed in uniform mixing spinning after 10 minutes, collects lower floor's oxyphorase cell, about about 100ml; Add pure water, 15 minutes smudge cellses of ultrasonication according to 1: 1 ratio again; Broken liquid is filtered through 100 eye mesh screens, stay filtrating, slowly regulate filtrating pH value to 2.5 with Hydrogen chloride; Be warming up to 85 ℃ rapidly, be incubated 10 minutes, make the abundant sex change of protein; Ratio in 5% adds the leech protein enzyme solution for preparing and carries out enzymolysis, regulates pH value to 5.5, and enzymolysis time is 120 minutes, and keeping temperature is 45 ℃; Enzymolysis is warmed up to 85 ℃ of enzymes that go out after accomplishing again, and the time is about 5 minutes; Regulate enzymolysis solution pH value to 4.5, obtain throw out and supernatant after the spinning respectively.Throw out can obtain protohemine through dehydrating after washing again; And supernatant directly carries out removal of impurities for the microfiltration membrane of 0.2um through filter pore earlier, obtains liquid concentrator and filtrating respectively; Filtrating uses pore size filter to concentrate as the nf membrane of 0.2nm again; At last liquid concentrator is dehydrated, can obtain the globin peptide.
Embodiment 2:
Water intaking leech 2kg dries after cleaning; Chopping; Put into concentration and be 0.10% sodium citrate buffer solution, solid-liquid ratio is 1: 5, and the pH value is 6.0, and temperature is 45 ℃, soaks 20 minutes; Supernatant is collected in spinning; It is 50% that supernatant is added ammonium sulfate degree of reaching capacity, and carries out fractionation precipitation, and the supernatant leech protein enzyme solution that obtains is subsequent use.Get the new freshly-slaughtered poultry blood of 100kg, the ratio according to 1.0% adds the antithrombotics trisodium citrate, and supernatant is removed in uniform mixing spinning after 10 minutes, collects lower floor's oxyphorase cell, about about 50kg; Add pure water, 20 minutes smudge cellses of ultrasonication according to 1: 1 ratio again; Broken liquid is filtered through 100 eye mesh screens, stay filtrating, slowly regulate filtrating pH value to 3.0 with Hydrogen chloride; Be warming up to 95 ℃ rapidly, be incubated 15 minutes, make the abundant sex change of protein; Ratio in 5% adds the leech protein enzyme solution for preparing and carries out enzymolysis, regulates pH value to 6.0, and enzymolysis time is 150 minutes, and keeping temperature is 50 ℃; Enzymolysis is warmed up to 90 ℃ of enzymes that go out after accomplishing again, and the time is about 5 minutes; Regulate enzymolysis solution pH value to 5.0, obtain throw out and supernatant after the spinning respectively.Throw out can obtain protohemine through dehydrating after washing again; And supernatant directly carries out removal of impurities for the microfiltration membrane of 0.5um through filter pore earlier, obtains liquid concentrator and filtrating respectively; Filtrating uses pore size filter to concentrate as the nf membrane of 0.5nm again; At last liquid concentrator is dehydrated, can obtain the globin peptide.
Claims (5)
1. method of from livestock blood, extracting protohemine and globin peptide is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
A, leech is clean dries, chopping;
B, the leech after the chopping in a step is put into concentration is 0.05%～0.12% sodium citrate buffer solution, and solid-liquid ratio is 1: 5, and the pH value is 5.0～6.5, and temperature is 35～50 ℃, soaks spinning 10～30 minutes;
Adding ammonium sulfate degree of reaching capacity in c, the supernatant that spinning in the b step is obtained is 30%～50%, carries out fractionation precipitation, and the supernatant that obtains is that the leech protein enzyme solution is subsequent use;
D, fresh livestock blood is added trisodium citrate in 0.8%～1.0% ratio make antithrombotics, uniform mixing 10 minutes, spinning then, abandoning supernatant is collected lower floor's oxyphorase cell;
E, the oxyphorase cell of collecting in the d step is mixed 15～20 minutes smudge cellses of ultrasonication with pure water according to 1: 1 ratio;
F, the cytoclasis liquid in the e step is filtered through 100 eye mesh screens, staying filtrating and regulating pH value to 2.0～3.5;
G, with being warming up to 85～95 ℃ rapidly in the cytoclasis liquid that mixes up the pH value in the f step, be incubated 10～15 minutes, make the abundant sex change of protein; Ratio in 5% adds carries out enzymolysis by the leech protein enzyme solution that obtains in the c step, and regulating the pH value is 5.0～6.5, and enzymolysis time is 100～180 minutes, and keeping temperature is 40～60 ℃;
H, the enzymolysis solution that the g step is obtained are warmed up to 85～90 ℃ of enzymes that go out, and the time is about 5 minutes, regulate pH value to 4.0～5.5, and the throw out that spinning obtains dehydrates after washing again and promptly obtains protohemine;
I, the supernatant that spinning in the h step is obtained filter through the microfiltration membrane device, and impurity trapped, fiber and high molecular weight protein etc. obtain microfiltration membrane filtrating, and the micro-filtrate membrane filtration aperture is 0.1～1.0um;
J, the microfiltration membrane that obtains in i step filtrating is concentrated through the nf membrane device again, for the follow-up operation that dehydrates reduces the heavy burdens, the nf membrane pore size filter is 0.1～1.0nm;
K, again the nf membrane liquid concentrator that obtains in the j step is dehydrated, obtain the globin peptide.
2. a kind of method of from livestock blood, extracting protohemine and globin peptide according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the sodium citrate buffer solution concentration among the said step a is 0.08%～0.10%; The pH value is 5.5～6.0, and temperature is 40～45 ℃, soaks 15～20 minutes.
3. a kind of method of from livestock blood, extracting protohemine and globin peptide according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is 2.5～3.0 that the cytoclasis liquid filtrating among the said step f is regulated the pH value.
4. a kind of method of from livestock blood, extracting protohemine and globin peptide according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: it is 5.5～6.0 that the enzymolysis process in the said step g is regulated the pH value; Enzymolysis time is 120～150 minutes, and keeping temperature is 45～50 ℃.
5. a kind of method of from livestock blood, extracting protohemine and globin peptide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the enzymolysis solution pH value behind the enzyme that goes out among the said step h transfers to 4.5～5.0.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104745663A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-01 | 合肥学院 | Method for comprehensively utilizing porcine hemoglobin |
| CN105567759A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-11 | 兰州天和生物催化技术有限公司 | Method for preparing anhydrous chlorhematin by utilizing yak blood |
| CN105768110A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-20 | 常州大学 | Methodof extracting human body trace element from waste blood |
| WO2017092466A1 (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-08 | Rotam Agrochem International Company Limited | Novel form of mefenpyr-diethyl,process for preparation and use thereof |
| CN106929554A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 上海杰隆生物制品股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of globin peptide |
| CN108998492A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-14 | 南京钦润生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of globin |
| CN112094876A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-18 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | Preparation method of hemin and composition prepared by same |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104745663A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-01 | 合肥学院 | Method for comprehensively utilizing porcine hemoglobin |
| CN104745663B (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2017-08-04 | 合肥学院 | A kind of method of PINPROL comprehensive utilization |
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| CN106929554A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 上海杰隆生物制品股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of globin peptide |
| CN105567759A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-11 | 兰州天和生物催化技术有限公司 | Method for preparing anhydrous chlorhematin by utilizing yak blood |
| CN105768110A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-20 | 常州大学 | Methodof extracting human body trace element from waste blood |
| CN108998492A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-14 | 南京钦润生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of globin |
| CN112094876A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-18 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | Preparation method of hemin and composition prepared by same |
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Inventor after: Wan Duanji Inventor after: Zou Huarong Inventor after: Wu Yao Inventor after: Yang Tao Inventor after: Ma Chao Inventor after: Xu Lipeng Inventor after: Liao Yujie Inventor after: Zhu Lin Inventor after: Wu Zhengqi Inventor after: Xu Guonian Inventor after: Li You Inventor after: Xiao Shiying Inventor after: Wang Xiong Inventor after: Si Jia Inventor after: Cai Jun Inventor before: Wan Duanji Inventor before: Wu Yao Inventor before: Yang Tao Inventor before: Ma Chao Inventor before: Xu Lipeng Inventor before: Liao Yujie Inventor before: Wu Zhengqi Inventor before: Xu Guonian Inventor before: Li You Inventor before: Xiao Shiying Inventor before: Wang Xiong Inventor before: Si Jia Inventor before: Cai Jun Inventor before: Zou Huarong |
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