CN102646691A - 固态成像装置及其制造方法 - Google Patents

固态成像装置及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN102646691A
CN102646691A CN2012100358648A CN201210035864A CN102646691A CN 102646691 A CN102646691 A CN 102646691A CN 2012100358648 A CN2012100358648 A CN 2012100358648A CN 201210035864 A CN201210035864 A CN 201210035864A CN 102646691 A CN102646691 A CN 102646691A
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pickup device
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清水正彦
岩渕寿章
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Sony Corp
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Abstract

本公开涉及固态成像装置及其制造方法。所述固态成像装置包括:成像部分,具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像;和基板,在其上设置所述成像部分,其中在所述基板上设置于所述受光部附近的预定构件被部分地或者整体地涂覆成黑色。

Description

固态成像装置及其制造方法
技术领域
本公开涉及固态成像装置及其制造方法。更具体地说,本公开涉及光斑和幻像能够被轻松地并且可靠地抑制的固态成像装置及其制造方法。
背景技术
用于通过接收来自物体的光而使物体成像的固态成像装置在现有技术中是已知的。形成这种固态成像装置的一部分的图像传感器具有矩形受光区域,并且从透镜进入图像传感器的光束以包括所述矩形受光区域的圆形斑点的形式投射到图像传感器的表面上。
光还入射到设置在图像传感器的受光区域周围的外部连接端子上,并且光进一步入射到用于从外部连接端子引出信号的接合线上。作为结果,光能够通过接合线的反射而进入受光区域,从而使图像传感器所获得的图像具有能够劣化图像质量的光斑或者幻像。
作为最近朝较小图像传感器芯片的趋势的结果,光束能够到达表面式地安装在图像传感器芯片周围的部件。这种表面安装部件的电极具有高反射率,因为它们是由例如Sn、Ag或Cu等焊料或者包含有例如Ag等导电性颗粒的导电性粘结剂形成的,作为光在这种电极的区域的反射结果同样能够生成光斑和幻像,这同样劣化像质。
在这种情形下,常见的措施是通过在受光区域上方设置遮光构件来防止不想要的光束进入图像传感器的受光区域。然而,根据这种方法,难以有效地抑制光斑和幻像,因为遮光构件和图像传感器的受光区域必须精确地彼此对齐。
另一提出的技术是通过随芯片的切割面(侧面)一起使用模制材料密封用于连接图像传感器与基板的接合线来防止杂散光(见专利文献1(JP-A-63-273353))。
使用上述技术还不能充分地抑制光斑和幻像。具体说,根据涉及以模制材料密封接合线的工艺的方法,接合线在芯片的顶面上方以约100-200μm的高度环接。因此,作为入射到定位成高于芯片表面的线上的光的反射的结果,能够生成幻像。
在线的被模制材料密封的部分与线的未密封部分的线膨胀系数之间存在差异。因此,在温度循环期间在线的位于其密封部分的界面处的部分上发生应力集中,这能够导致因线的变形或者破损引起的开路故障。此外,模制材料的粘度在材料开始热固化稍前就下降。因此,如果以模制材料将线密封至大致与芯片的高度相同的密封高度,则模制材料能够爬升到芯片的顶面,因此材料能够从芯片表面外溢到受光区域中。因此,很难控制待涂布的模制材料的量。
发明内容
本公开中描述的技术是将这种情形纳入考量后构思出的,本技术能够实现轻松地并且可靠地防止光斑和幻像。
本公开的一个实施例涉及一种固态成像装置,其包括:成像部分,具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像;和基板,在其上设置所述成像部分,其中在所述基板上设置于所述受光部附近的预定构件被部分地或者整体地涂覆成黑色。
所述预定构件可以使用喷墨印刷涂覆成黑色。
所述预定构件可以是位于所述基板上来自所述物体的光所入射到的范围内的构件,并且所述预定构件的位于所述范围内的部分可以被涂覆成黑色。
所述预定构件可以是设置在所述基板上的反射率为预定值或者更高值的构件,并且所述预定构件可以被涂覆成黑色。
所述预定构件可以是连接所述基板与所述成像部分的线或者设置在所述基板上的封装部件。
本公开的实施例还涉及一种固态成像装置的制造方法,该制造方法包括:在基板上设置成像部分,所述成像部分具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像;以及将设置在所述受光部附近的预定构件部分地或者整体地涂覆成黑色。
根据本公开的实施例,在基板上设置具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像的成像部分,并且将所述基板上设置于所述受光部附近的预定构件部分地或者整体地涂覆成黑色。
本公开的另一实施例涉及一种固态成像装置,其包括:成像部分,具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像;基板,在其上设置所述成像部分;和预定构件,在所述基板上设置于所述受光部附近,并通过导电性粘结剂固定至所述基板,所述导电性粘结剂通过在其中添加色素而着色为黑色。
本公开的另一实施例还涉及一种固态成像装置的制造方法,该制造方法包括:在基板上设置通过在其中添加色素而着色为黑色的导电性粘结剂;在所述基板的设置有所述导电性粘结剂的区域中设置预定构件,以将所述预定构件连接至所述基板;以及在所述基板上在所述预定构件的附近设置成像部分,所述成像部分具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像。
根据本公开的另一实施例,在基板上设置通过在其中添加色素而着色为黑色的导电性粘结剂,在所述基板的设置有所述导电性粘结剂的区域中设置预定构件以将所述预定构件连接至所述基板,并且在所述基板上在所述预定构件的附近设置具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像的成像部分。
本公开的另一实施例能够实现更容易地并且可靠地抑制光斑和幻像。
附图说明
图1是示出本公开的固态成像装置的一个实施例的示例性构造的图示;
图2是用于说明光在接合线处的反射的图示;
图3是用于说明通过喷墨印刷获得的反射的抑制的图示;
图4是用于说明光在接合线处的反射得到抑制的图示;
图5是用于说明制造固态成像装置的工艺的流程图;
图6是用于说明用于制造固态成像装置的步骤的图示;
图7是用于说明喷墨印刷的图示;而
图8是用于说明制造固态成像装置的工艺的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图来描述本公开的实施例。
<第一实施例>
[固态成像装置的示例性构造]
图1是示出本公开的固态成像装置的一个实施例的示例性构造的图示。
固态成像装置11包括印刷电路板21、图像传感器22和表面安装部件23-1、23-2。
固态成像装置11是从物体接收光并光电地转换该光以获得物体的图像的成像装置。图像传感器22和表面安装部件23-1、23-2设置在形成固态成像装置11的一部分的印刷电路板21上,并且相对于图面在印刷电路板21的近侧设置有透镜单元(未示出)。
图像传感器22通过多个接合线31电气地连接至印刷电路板21。
图像传感器22包括接收从物体经由设置在透镜单元上的透镜进入的光的受光部32。传感器对在受光部32处接收到的光进行光电转换,以根据接收到的光量将接收到的光转换成电气信号。图像传感器22经由接合线向传感器下游的设置在印刷电路板21上的控制部输出经由光电转换获得的电气信号。
表面安装部件23-1、23-2是例如片式电阻器等被动部件,并且是设置在图像传感器22的附近的形成用于驱动固态成像装置11的电路的表面安装部件。在图1所示示例中,表面安装部件23-1、23-2设置在图像传感器22的附近。
以下,表面安装部件23-1、23-2可以在不必彼此区别开时合称为“表面安装部件23”。
来自物体的入射到透镜单元的透镜上以便被透镜会集的光投射到印刷电路板21的区域R11上。区域R11是在其中包括矩形受光部32的圆形区域。光的达到区域R11的部分入射到受光部32上,并且该光被转换成代表物体的图像的电气信号。
如这样描述的,并非由固态成像装置11的透镜单元会集的所有光束均入射到受光部32上,所会集的光束的一部分投射到设置在受光部32附近的接合线和表面安装部件23。
当入射到接合线和表面安装部件23的光通过在接合线和表面安装部件23的表面上反射后进入受光部32时,可能在所得图像上发生光斑和幻像,因此图像可能具有低质量。
例如,让我们假定来自物体的光如图2所示入射到形成透镜单元的一部分的透镜61上,并且被透镜61会集的光如图2中的虚线所示经由红外截止滤光器62入射到接合线31上。图2中的虚线代表由透镜61会集的来自物体的一部分光束的光路。图1和2之间相同的特征在两图中将由相同的附图标记表示,并且这种特征的描述在以下视情况可以省略。
在图2所示示例中,由于未对接合线31进行特殊处理,所以接合线31的表面具有高反射率。因此,来自透镜61并且入射到接合线31上的光的大部分被接合线31的表面反射而进入受光部32。
在固态成像装置11中采取了应对该问题的措施。如图3所示,连接印刷电路板21与图像传感器22的接合线31在其定位成靠近受光部32侧的部分被涂覆成黑色,并且表面安装部件23的表面也被涂覆成黑色。图1和3之间相同的特征由相同的附图标记表示,并且这种特征的描述在以下视情况可以省略。
参考图3,接合线31的黑色区域以及表面安装部件23的阴影区域是被涂覆成黑色以使它们对光呈现低反射率的区域。用作遮光物的黑色涂层是使用例如喷墨印刷等遮光印刷设置的。
例如,当考虑到工艺的节拍时间(处理时间)以及所印刷的墨的扩散时,优选使用UV(紫外)墨来进行喷墨印刷。然而,本公开并不局限于使用UV墨,只要能够轻松地固化,则可以使用任意类型的墨。
优选地,在例如接合线31和表面安装部件23等围绕图像传感器22的部件上,只在部件的接收来自透镜单元的光入射的部分或者部件的包括在图1所示区域R11中的部分,设置喷墨印刷涂层。
替代地,因为需要的是使部件的接收来自透镜单元的光入射的部分的反射率保持低,所以可以在图像传感器22附近的例如接合线31和表面安装部件23等部件(构件)的整个表面上设置涂层。也可以选择性地设置黑色涂层,来只覆盖图像传感器22附近的例如接合线31等部件中具有高反射率的部件或者反射率等于或大于预定值的部件。
例如,当这样地在图像传感器22附近的部件的表面上设置了黑色涂层时,如图4所示,接合线31的表面的反射率被保持得比在接合线的靠近受光部32侧的部分没有涂层时的反射率低。图2和4之间相同的特征由相同的附图标记表示,并且这种特征的描述将视情况而省略。在图4中,从透镜61传来的经由红外截止滤光器62入射到接合线31上的一部分光束的光路由虚线表示。
在图4所示示例中,接合线31的靠近受光部32侧的区域B11涂覆有用于遮光的UV墨,并且接合线31的反射率在区域B11中比在其它区域中低。作为结果,来自透镜61并入射到区域B11上的光的反射得到抑制,只有一小部分来自透镜61的光被反射而入射到受光部32上。
如这样描述的,当图像传感器22附近的例如接合线31等部件通过遮光印刷工艺涂覆成黑色时,光的反射在涂覆部分能够得到抑制,以防止非必要光入射到图像传感器22上。作为结果,能够简单地而且可靠地抑制光斑和幻像,以获得高品质的图像。
例如,当图像传感器22附近的部件通过遮光印刷工艺得到涂覆时,可以选择性地涂覆部件的期望部分,这与以模制材料密封接合线的情况相比是有利的,因为能够以更低的成本更可靠地抑制光斑和幻像。通过遮光印刷来涂覆接合线等是有利的,还在于能够获得紧凑型的图像传感器芯片,因为涂覆区域占据的空间小于以模制材料密封接合线所需的空间。
此外,固态成像装置11不必需要例如遮光板等构件来为图像传感器22附近的部件遮蔽来自透镜单元的光。因此,能够在不依赖形成固态成像装置11的部件的组装精度的情况下,充分地抑制光斑和幻像。
[固态成像装置的制造]
现在将参考图5所示流程图来描述图1所示固态成像装置11的制造工艺。
在步骤S11,在由多个印刷电路板形成的集合板上安装表面安装部件。
例如,如图6中的箭头M11所示,提供由包括印刷电路板21的多个印刷电路板形成的集合板91。如箭头M12所示,在形成集合板91的各印刷电路板上设置并固定所需的表面安装部件。图6与图1或4之间相同的特征在由相同的附图标记表示,并且这种特征的描述视情况可以省略。
例如,箭头M12所示集合板91的右下部是印刷电路板21,在印刷电路板21上设置并固定表面安装部件23-1、23-2。
当这样地在集合板91上安装好表面安装部件时,使形成集合板91的印刷电路板彼此分开,然后处理印刷电路板来制造固态成像装置。
再次参考图5中的流程图,在步骤S12将图像传感器22压接(die-bond)到印刷电路板21上。例如,如图6中的箭头M13所示地在印刷电路板21上设置图像传感器22,并使用粘结剂将图像传感器22固定在印刷电路板21上。
在步骤S13,在印刷电路板21与图像传感器22之间进行引线接合。例如,如图6中的箭头M14所示,通过多个接合线31电气地连接印刷电路板21与图像传感器22。更具体地说,通过接合线31使图像传感器22的端子与印刷电路板21上的信号线的端部处设置的衬垫连接。
在步骤S14,对连接至图像传感器22的接合线进行遮光印刷(喷墨印刷)。例如,在例如接合线31等连接至图像传感器22的接合线中,在接合线的包括在如图1所示的区域R11中的部分或者接收来自物体的光入射的部分上,选择性地喷墨印刷UV墨并使之固化。因此,接合线的印刷区域被涂覆有UV墨。
在步骤S15,对表面安装部件23进行遮光印刷。例如,在表面安装部件23的包括在如图1所示的区域R11中的部分或者具有高反射率的部分上选择性地喷墨印刷UV墨并使之固化。
作为步骤S14、S15的工艺的结果,例如,如图6中的箭头M15所示,印刷电路板21上的接合线31的一部分以及表面安装部件23的整个表面涂覆有UV墨。在图6中,接合线31的黑色部分和表面安装部件23的阴影部分是涂覆部分。
再次参考图5所示的流程图,在步骤S16,在印刷电路板21上安装透镜单元以形成固态成像装置11,从而完成制造工艺的步骤。
例如,如图6中箭头M16所示,在印刷电路板21上设置具有透镜61的透镜单元92以使包括图像传感器22的部件被覆盖,并且将透镜单元固定至印刷电路板21。因此,将包括透镜单元92和印刷电路板21的装置设置成固态成像装置11。
更具体地说,例如,通过如图7所示重复地在围绕图像传感器22的构件上涂布(印刷)并固化UV墨,而在步骤S14、S15进行遮光印刷(喷墨印刷)。图1和7之间相同的特征由相同的附图标记表示,并且这种特征的描述必要时可以省略。
在图7所示示例中,在图中定位在印刷电路板21上方的喷墨头121在向左右方向往复运动的同时喷射UV墨,以向接合线31等的期望位置涂布UV墨。因此,UV墨被涂布至(印刷于)接合线的黑色区域。
当喷墨头121喷射UV墨后,通过图7中设置于喷墨头121的左右两端的UV灯122-1、122-2固化UV墨。也就是说,UV灯122-1、122-2以紫外光照射接合线的涂布有UV墨的部分,以固化UV墨。
如上所述,喷墨印刷是通过喷墨头121在向图中左右方向移动的同时重复地喷射并固化UV墨来进行的。当对例如接合线31等接合线进行了喷墨印刷后,对表面安装部件23相似地进行喷墨印刷。
当将UV墨用作用于喷墨印刷工艺的喷墨材料时,因为材料能够快速固化,所以能够防止因墨材料的外溢(bleeding out)引起的固态成像装置11的产出率的降低。
如这样描述的,通过在围绕图像传感器22的构件上设置黑色涂层,能够轻松地并且可靠地抑制光斑和幻像。
[变型例]
在以上描述中,是使用喷墨印刷来涂覆围绕图像传感器22的构件的,当受光部32与接合线31之间存在充分的距离时,也可以向接合线和表面安装部件23涂布黑色树脂。也就是说,可以通过以液体材料密封部件来提供保护。
当如这样描述地使用分配器或者类似物来向接合线31和表面安装部件23涂布黑色树脂时,能够通过黑色树脂抑制从透镜61入射到接合线31和表面安装部件23的表面上的光的反射。因此,能够抑制光斑和幻像的生成,以防止图像的质量的恶化。
当使用分配器来涂布黑色树脂时,为了防止因涂布树脂后黑色树脂的外溢而污染印刷电路板21上的芯片,优选的是向树脂给予UV可固化性,以允许树脂在涂布至表面后立即固化。在该情况下,优选的是对树脂进行初步固化,然后进行热固化以完全地固化树脂。
此外,当使用分配器向接合线31涂布黑色树脂时,在涂布于接合线31与图像传感器22之间的间隙中的树脂中容易生成空隙(气泡)。为了抑制空隙的生成,希望的是进行引线接合,以使引线以小到约30-70μm的回环高度环接(looped)。
<第二实施例>
[固态成像装置的制造]
当在印刷电路板21上安装表面安装部件23时,可以使用着色为黑色的导电性粘结剂来将表面安装部件23固定至印刷电路板。下面将参考图8中的流程图来描述这种情况下进行的制造工艺。
在步骤S41,将使用碳黑着色为黑色的导电性粘结剂分配或者印刷于(涂布至)印刷电路板21的用于将表面安装部件23连接至印刷电路板的连接部位(connection lands)。
在步骤S42,在已设置了导电性粘结剂的位置,将表面安装部件23安装到印刷电路板21上。更具体地说,例如,可以将表面安装部件23的电极部设置到印刷电路板21的连接部位上。
在步骤S43,对导电性粘结剂进行热固化。作为结果,导电性粘结剂得到固化以将表面安装部件23固定在印刷电路板21上,并且电气地连接印刷电路板21与表面安装部件23。
在步骤S44,将图像传感器22压接到印刷电路板21上。例如,使用粘结剂将图像传感器22固定至印刷电路板21。此外,在步骤S45,在印刷电路板21与图像传感器22之间进行引线接合。
在步骤S46,在印刷电路板21上安装透镜单元92以形成固态成像装置11,从而完成制造工艺的步骤。
当如上所述地制成固态成像装置11时,连接印刷电路板21与表面安装部件23的部分以及表面安装部件23的侧面部分被黑色导电性粘结剂覆盖。由于这种导电性粘结剂的反射率通常低于用于固定表面安装部件23的焊料的反射率,所以即使在来自透镜61的光入射到涂布于用于连接表面安装部件23的部分的导电性粘结剂上时,也能够抑制光的反射。作为结果,能够防止不想要的光入射到受光部32上,因此能够充分地抑制光斑和幻像。
可以使用任意类型的导电性粘结剂来安装表面安装部件23,只要它是通过添加例如碳黑等色素而着色为黑色的导电性材料。
本公开并不局限于上述实施例,在不背离本公开的精神的情况下可以做出各种变型。
本公开包含2011年2月18日在日本专利局提交的日本优先权专利申请JP 2011-033687所涉及的主题,其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
本领域的技术人员应该了解的是,在所附权利要求书或其等同方案的范围内,可根据设计要求和其它因素做出各种修改、组合、子组合和变更。

Claims (8)

1.一种固态成像装置,包括:
成像部分,具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像;和
基板,在其上设置所述成像部分,其中
在所述基板上设置于所述受光部附近的预定构件被部分地或者整体地涂覆成黑色。
2.如权利要求1所述的固态成像装置,其中,所述预定构件是使用喷墨印刷涂覆成黑色的。
3.如权利要求2所述的固态成像装置,其中,所述预定构件是位于所述基板上来自所述物体的光所入射到的范围内的构件;并且所述预定构件的位于所述范围内的部分被涂覆成黑色。
4.如权利要求2所述的固态成像装置,其中,所述预定构件是设置在所述基板上的反射率为预定值或者更高值的构件;并且所述预定构件被涂覆成黑色。
5.如权利要求1所述的固态成像装置,其中,所述预定构件是连接所述基板与所述成像部分的线或者设置在所述基板上的封装部件。
6.一种固态成像装置的制造方法,包括:
在基板上设置成像部分,所述成像部分具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像;以及
将设置在所述受光部附近的预定构件部分地或者整体地涂覆成黑色。
7.一种固态成像装置,包括:
成像部分,具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像;
基板,在其上设置所述成像部分;和
预定构件,在所述基板上设置于所述受光部附近,并通过导电性粘结剂固定至所述基板,所述导电性粘结剂通过在其中添加色素而着色为黑色。
8.一种固态成像装置的制造方法,包括:
在基板上设置通过在其中添加色素而着色为黑色的导电性粘结剂;
在所述基板的设置有所述导电性粘结剂的区域中设置预定构件,以将所述预定构件连接至所述基板;以及
在所述基板上在所述预定构件的附近设置成像部分,所述成像部分具有用于接收来自物体的光的受光部以使所述物体成像。
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