CN102620699A - Method for measuring deformation monitoring directional horizontal displacement by using directional vertical distance method - Google Patents
Method for measuring deformation monitoring directional horizontal displacement by using directional vertical distance method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring deformation monitoring directional horizontal displacement by using a directional vertical distance method. The method comprises selecting a reference point and a monitoring point according to relevant requirements and establishing a corresponding fixed measurement mark; selecting a profile basic inflection point with the standard capable of reflecting a basic profile of a monitoring object, and establishing a temporary measurement mark; and after measuring and calculating a reference point coordinate, establishing a measurement station on the reference point, measuring a profile basic inflection point coordinate and a monitoring point coordinate, plotting a profile basic line and a relevant position plan of the profile basic line and the monitoring point after calculation and intermediate value taking, calculating the vertical distance between the monitoring point to the corresponding profile basic line point by point according to the relevant position of the monitoring point and the profile basic line on the relevant position plan, and calculating the current displacement value and an accumulative displacement value according to the fact that the current vertical distance is minus to the last vertical distance and the current vertical distance is minus to initial vertical distance. By means of the method for measuring the deformation monitoring directional horizontal displacement by using the directional vertical distance method, the station establishing position gets rid of the limitation of a reference line and can be selected in a wide range, the adaptability is strong, measurement results are relatively accurate, and working efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mapping, relate to the method that a kind of deformation monitoring horizontal shift is measured, relate in particular to a kind of orientation and hang down apart from the method for the directed horizontal shift of method measurement deformation monitoring.
Background technology
Directed horizontal shift is measured, and is meant in various architectural processes, measures the quantity and the rate of change thereof of horizontal shift on the specific direction; For in time providing, building operation monitors achievement accurately and reliably; In order to taking the specific aim measure, get rid of or lessen the hidden dangers, guarantee construction safety.Because building foundation pit is complicated and changeable, what have reaches tens of limits, has plenty of arc, and difference often appears in design and construction, and what measure is quantity and the rate of change thereof that moves to excavation underground water prosposition; Because it is varied especially that disasteies such as landslide are administered measurement, what measure is the quantity and the rate of change thereof of downward horizontal shift; Because highway, railroad construction excavation highway section have plenty of arc or polygon, what measure is quantity and the rate of change thereof that moves to excavation underground water prosposition, all belongs to directed horizontal shift in essence and measures.At present, the method that directed horizontal shift is measured in the deformation monitoring mainly is " collimation line method "
.And " collimation line method " owing to receive the constraint efficient of datum line lower, becomes increasingly conspicuous with the contradiction of directed horizontal shift surveying work objective demand.Mainly there is following point:
1, adaptability is very poor: carry out directed horizontal shift with " collimation line method " and measure; On a survey station, can only measure monolateral, the bilateral and monitoring point achievement in the standard allowed band from the survey station point to orientation point; Monitoring point achievement on the measuring complex polygon just wastes time and energy, and adaptability is very poor.
2, work efficiency is lower: because the building monitoring target is varied, have plenty of polygon, have plenty of the arc of variform, construction often exists gap, " collimation line method " to receive the constraint efficient of datum line lower with design.
3, quality cannot say for sure: in directed horizontal shift is measured, nominally generally all use " collimation line method ", actually really all be laid in all monitoring points in the code requirement scope seldom, this cannot say for sure with regard to the quality that causes directed horizontal shift to be measured.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the problem that exists in the prior art, provide a kind of orientation to hang down and measure the method for the directed horizontal shift of deformation monitoring apart from method.
Directed the hanging down of the present invention measured the method for the directed horizontal shift of deformation monitoring apart from method, may further comprise the steps:
(1) reconnaissance location: require selected reference point, monitoring point according to " building deformation measurement standard ", " architecture Foundation Pit Engineering monitoring technology standard ", set up corresponding fixation measuring sign; Can reflect that the monitoring target elementary contour is the selected basic flex point of profile of standard, sets up the interim measurement sign;
(2) field operation is measured: the coordinate of reference point is measured, is calculated in the requirement according to " building deformation measurement standard ", " architecture Foundation Pit Engineering monitoring technology standard ", on reference point, sets up survey station then, measures basic flex point coordinate of profile and monitoring point coordinate;
(3) industry is calculated in, the plotting coordinate asks vertical distance: after during interior industry is got the basic flex point coordinate of profile and monitoring point coordinate Calculation; The relevant position figure of machine plotting draw outline fundamental line and profile fundamental line and monitoring point; And, calculate the vertical distance of monitoring point to the respective profile fundamental line by following formula pointwise according to the relevant position of monitoring point on the relevant position figure and profile fundamental line:
X A ---the ordinate of basic straight line AB one terminal A of profile
Y A ---the horizontal ordinate of basic straight line AB one terminal A of profile
X B ---the ordinate of another terminal B of the basic straight line AB of profile
Y B ---the horizontal ordinate of another terminal B of the basic straight line AB of profile
X C ---the ordinate of monitoring point C
Y C ---the horizontal ordinate of monitoring point C
D---monitoring point C is to the vertical range of the basic straight line AB of profile
(4) displacement calculating value:
The vertical distance of this shift value=this distance-last time of hanging down
Accumulative total shift value=this distance of the hanging down-distance of initially hanging down
Measured fate at interval rate of change=this shift value/this and last time.
The present invention is relative, and prior art has the following advantages:
1, adaptability is strong: the present invention directly measures coordinate, interior industry draw outline fundamental line, calculates the monitoring point to the vertical distance of profile fundamental line, the scheme of hanging down and hanging down apart from equaling shift value apart from subtracting through field operation; Make directed horizontal shift measurement be completely free of the constraint of datum line; Can in a big way, freely select if stand; Simple and convenient, and the building that is suitable for various forms is out of shape directed horizontal shift and is measured.
2, reliable in quality: on the one hand; Because it is constant that the profile fundamental line is measured to eventually first; Profile fundamental line reality has just become " fictitious outline fundamental line "; Each institute monitoring point of surveying all partially overlaps or parallel to the vertical line of " fictitious outline fundamental line " each other, and this distance of hanging down deducts last time vertical distance must equal this shift value; This hangs down apart from deducting initial hanging down apart from equaling the accumulative total shift value, and this measurement achievement that has just fundamentally guaranteed each monitoring point is all relatively accurate; On the other hand, measure the inevitable minimizing relatively of survey station of monitoring point, this also helps improving the quality of monitoring point achievement.
3, efficient significantly improves: reconnaissance of the present invention, establish the restriction that station location does not receive datum line, reconnaissance, set up survey station only to consider to satisfy code requirement and convenient measurement, coordinate system is provided with as required, work efficiency higher (even above at double raising).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the artwork of overview, horizontal shift reference point, horizontal displacement monitoring point and the basic flex point of profile of foundation ditch in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing,, further specify the present invention measures directed horizontal shift in deformation monitoring method through the measure practice of directed horizontal shift.
The foundation ditch overview: this foundation ditch monitoring grade is three grades, is a polygon building foundation pit of being made up of 12 limits.Monitoring scheme has designed 3 horizontal shift reference points altogether, 3 vertical displacement reference points, 3 deep horizontal displacement monitoring points, 13 surrounding enviroment vertical displacement monitoring points, 25 vertical displacement monitoring points, 25 horizontal displacement monitoring points.What wherein, 25 horizontal displacement monitoring points will be measured is quantity and the rate of change thereof of monitoring point to the hole intrinsic displacement.Reality is exactly directed horizontal shift.Because of other monitoring points and the present invention irrelevant; So; Existing reconnaissance and 25 horizontal displacement monitoring points (WY1-WY25) and 10 basic flex points of profile (D1-D10) with regard to 3 horizontal shift reference points (P1, P2, P3), the practical implementation from reconnaissance to the displacement calculating value is narrated as follows:
(1) reconnaissance location: according to the requirement of " building deformation measurement standard ", " architecture Foundation Pit Engineering monitoring technology standard ", design proposal; And combine actual; Select 3 horizontal shift reference points (P1, P2, P3) and 25 horizontal displacement monitoring points (WY1-WY25), set up corresponding fixation measuring sign; At last lay the essential characteristic between situation and the horizontal shift profile basic side, reflecting that general outline is characterized as standard and has selected 10 of basic flex points of profile (D1-D10), and set up the interim measurement sign according to the monitoring point.
Select survey station point points for attention:
A, to have surveyed the basic flex point coordinate of all profiles and all monitoring point coordinates with minimum survey station point (senior known point or reference point) be that the survey station number is set up in the standard decision;
B, each survey station point (senior known point or reference point) at least will with two known points (senior known point or reference point) intervisibility;
C, when on senior known point or reference point, setting up survey station not enough, to increase working base point.
Select the monitoring point points for attention:
A, when monitored target is arc, should be according to approximate press polygon and select the basic flex point of profile of its form;
The monitoring point in b, same building site preferably all is laid in the inboard or the outside of profile fundamental line;
C, measuring point in directed horizontal shift direction (in the excavation hole or the side that glides) displacement is, otherwise outside being;
D, this hang down apart from deduct hung down last time apart from just be inwardly (in the excavation hole or the side that glides) displacement, must bear to outer displacement;
E, monitoring point are laid in the profile fundamental line and hang down when inboard apart from symbol for just, otherwise symbol is for bearing;
No matter f, all monitoring points are laid in outside the profile fundamental line interior lines, and the method for calculated level shift value is identical.Be that this is vertical vertical apart from equaling this shift value apart from deducting last time; This hangs down apart from deducting initial hanging down apart from equaling the accumulative total shift value.
(2) field operation is measured: the requirement by " building deformation measurement standard ", " architecture Foundation Pit Engineering monitoring technology standard " is measured, behind the coordinate of calculating reference point (P1, P2, P3), with reference point P
1(promptly two floors apart from these 28 meters of edge line mid point, foundation ditch west push up) is the survey station point on the point, sets up the two seconds total powerstations in south, on corresponding monitoring point, sets up prism; After the centering leveling, directed respectively with reference point P2, after reference point P3 inspection is errorless; With the method for directly measuring coordinate; By the requirement of two survey time, with " point measurement " mode, the basic flex point coordinate of spot measurement profile and all horizontal displacement monitoring point coordinate.Survey time here is meant under " accurate measurement pattern ", faces left earlier and sights prism, measures 1 time (continuous-reading 5 times), coils the right side again and sights prism, measures 1 time (continuous-reading 5 times).
Directly measure the explanation of coordinate with total powerstation: measure with transit or total powerstation; No matter adopt which kind of method; Essence all be through field operation on survey station; Measure zero direction to the horizontal angle of observed ray, oblique distance that survey station is put observation station or flatly put the surveyor's beacon height of the vertical angle of observation station direction, the instrument height of measuring survey station point and observation station apart from, survey station, interior industry calculates required achievement through corresponding.The field operation of " directed hang down apart from method " directly use the total station survey coordinate and the field operation of " collimation line method " measure horizontal angle, vertical angle, flat apart from or oblique distance, measure instrument height and the relevant achievement of high, the interior industry calculating of surveyor's beacon, on essence and precision, all be identical.Difference is that the field operation of " directed hang down apart from method " directly measures coordinate, and is integrated the interior field operation action of " collimation line method ".Survey station point, orientation point are all used known coordinate, on known point, set up survey station, directed with known point, and the horizontal angle of on survey station, being surveyed is exactly its final bearing, and coordinate is exactly its final coordinate.
(3) industry calculating, plotting coordinate are asked vertical distance in: interior industry is with basic flex point coordinate of profile and monitoring point coordinate; Copy to the excel spreadsheet lattice calculate get in after; Use the Cass mapping software, plotting connects 10 basic flex points of profile with the multistage line by adjacent sequential earlier to 1/500 electronic chart; Plot the relevant position electronic chart between directed horizontal shift profile fundamental line and the monitoring point thus; And, calculate the vertical distance of monitoring point, and according to result of calculation establishment " horizontal shift is hung down apart from reckoner " (seeing table 1) to the respective profile fundamental line by following formula pointwise according to the relevant position of monitoring point on the relevant position figure and profile fundamental line.Back pointwise on the relevant position electronic chart of monitoring point and profile fundamental line is measured the monitoring point and (is seen table 2 to the vertical distance of respective profile fundamental line; All to be selected in the profile datum line inboard because of the monitoring point of this foundation ditch; Its hang down apart from symbol get on the occasion of); And with " horizontal shift hang down apart from reckoner " (table 1) in calculate try to achieve relevant and hang down apart from comparing; It is relatively poor if surpass
, and just proof is wrong in calculating.
X A ---the ordinate of basic straight line AB one terminal A of profile
Y A ---the horizontal ordinate of basic straight line AB one terminal A of profile
X B ---the ordinate of another terminal B of the basic straight line AB of profile
Y B ---the horizontal ordinate of another terminal B of the basic straight line AB of profile
X C ---the ordinate of monitoring point C
Y C ---the horizontal ordinate of monitoring point C
D---monitoring point C is to the vertical range of the basic straight line AB of profile
(4) displacement calculating value:
The vertical distance of this shift value=this distance-last time of hanging down;
Accumulative total shift value=this distance of the hanging down-distance of initially hanging down;
Rate of change=this shift value/this and last minor tick fate.
Table 1 horizontal shift is hung down apart from reckoner (original coordinates)
Table 2 horizontal shift is hung down apart from reckoner (hanging down apart from position, shift value)
Claims (1)
1. an orientation is hung down and is measured the method for the directed horizontal shift of deformation monitoring apart from method, may further comprise the steps:
(1) reconnaissance location: require selected reference point, monitoring point according to " building deformation measurement standard ", " architecture Foundation Pit Engineering monitoring technology standard ", set up corresponding fixation measuring sign; Can reflect that the monitoring target elementary contour is the selected basic flex point of profile of standard, sets up the interim measurement sign;
(2) field operation is measured: the coordinate of reference point is measured, is calculated in the requirement according to " building deformation measurement standard ", " architecture Foundation Pit Engineering monitoring technology standard ", on reference point, sets up survey station then, measures basic flex point coordinate of profile and monitoring point coordinate;
(3) industry is calculated in, the plotting coordinate asks vertical distance: after during interior industry is got the basic flex point coordinate of profile and monitoring point coordinate Calculation; The relevant position figure of machine plotting draw outline fundamental line and profile fundamental line and monitoring point; And, calculate the vertical distance of monitoring point to the respective profile fundamental line by following formula pointwise according to the relevant position of monitoring point on the relevant position figure and profile fundamental line:
X A ---the ordinate of basic straight line AB one terminal A of profile
Y A ---the horizontal ordinate of basic straight line AB one terminal A of profile
X B ---the ordinate of another terminal B of the basic straight line AB of profile
Y B ---the horizontal ordinate of another terminal B of the basic straight line AB of profile
X C ---the ordinate of monitoring point C
Y C ---the horizontal ordinate of monitoring point C
D---monitoring point C is to the vertical range of the basic straight line AB of profile
(4) displacement calculating value:
The vertical distance of this shift value=this distance-last time of hanging down
Accumulative total shift value=this distance of the hanging down-distance of initially hanging down
Measured fate at interval rate of change=this shift value/this and last time.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN102840837A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-12-26 | 天津市亚安科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring deformation of building and landform in real time automatically |
| CN103557800A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-05 | 大连市勘察测绘研究院有限公司 | Multilayer floor slab layered horizontal displacement monitoring method |
| CN104631419A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-20 | 绍兴文理学院 | Foundation pit top horizontal displacement monitoring method |
| CN105571559A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Collimation line deformation measurement method |
| CN106092019A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-09 | 中交三公局（北京）工程试验检测有限公司 | Subway foundation pit system for monitoring displacement |
| CN111457848A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 四川合众精准科技有限公司 | Method and system for measuring displacement through coordinate change between adjacent monitoring points |
| CN112902933A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 河北建设勘察研究院有限公司 | Tunnel structure deformation monitoring device and monitoring method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102840837A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-12-26 | 天津市亚安科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring deformation of building and landform in real time automatically |
| CN103557800A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-05 | 大连市勘察测绘研究院有限公司 | Multilayer floor slab layered horizontal displacement monitoring method |
| CN103557800B (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2016-03-30 | 大连市勘察测绘研究院有限公司 | Multilayer floor slab layering horizontal displacement monitoring method |
| CN104631419A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-20 | 绍兴文理学院 | Foundation pit top horizontal displacement monitoring method |
| CN105571559A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Collimation line deformation measurement method |
| CN106092019A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-09 | 中交三公局（北京）工程试验检测有限公司 | Subway foundation pit system for monitoring displacement |
| CN111457848A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 四川合众精准科技有限公司 | Method and system for measuring displacement through coordinate change between adjacent monitoring points |
| CN112902933A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 河北建设勘察研究院有限公司 | Tunnel structure deformation monitoring device and monitoring method |
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Application publication date: 20120801 |