CN102409703A - Monitoring method for horizontal displacement of foundation pit pile top and monitoring device thereof - Google Patents
Monitoring method for horizontal displacement of foundation pit pile top and monitoring device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102409703A CN102409703A CN2011102364263A CN201110236426A CN102409703A CN 102409703 A CN102409703 A CN 102409703A CN 2011102364263 A CN2011102364263 A CN 2011102364263A CN 201110236426 A CN201110236426 A CN 201110236426A CN 102409703 A CN102409703 A CN 102409703A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring method for horizontal displacement of a foundation pit pile top and a monitoring device thereof, belonging to the field of foundation pit engineering. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, selecting three reference points; 2, determining the coordinates of the reference points by using a total station; 3, arranging sites within a barrier; 4, measuring the coordinates of working sites by a resection mode adopted by the total station, and measuring the coordinates of mode rechecking working sites; 5, measuring the coordinates of each displacement monitoring point according to the coordinates of the working sites; and 6, determining the displacement change value of the pile top where each monitoring point is. The device comprises a steel plate (1), a self-adhesive reflector plate (2) and a steel bar (3), wherein the steel plate is welded with one end of the steel bar, the included angle between the steel plate and the horizontal plane is 60-90 degrees, and the self-adhesive reflector plate is stuck to the upturned face of the steel plate. The invention solves the problem of lower accuracy of a minor angle method, a polar coordinate method and a collimation line method in the existing foundation pit engineering monitoring process, and the problem of higher requirements of a free stationing method on the total station.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the base pit engineering field, be applicable to the monitoring of subway station foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement.
Background technology
In recent years; Along with expanding economy; The traffic jam issue in city becomes increasingly conspicuous, the main artery of the human urban traffic space that gone underground from ground, and big and medium-sized cities obtain development and use to the underground space of various uses all over the world at present; The quantity of underground engineering construction project and scale also increase rapidly, like the deep trench of the foundation ditch of high-rise building, large-scale pipeline, the station deep foundation ditch of subway engineering etc.The construction of these underground spaces to be adopted inexpensive and cut and cover method that method is easy is constructed; Produced a large amount of deep-foundation pit engineerings; In order to guarantee foundation ditch safety, prevent that instability of foundation pit from destroying, the monitoring of strengthening foundation pit enclosure structure and inner supporting structure is extremely important.Because bracing of foundation pit stake stake top displacement value is remarkable, is easy to realize quick feedback, data are easy to real-time analysis, usually as the leading indicator of reacting foundation ditch safety.
At present in the engineering practice process, stake top displacement monitoring mainly adopts minor angle method, collimation line method, method of polar coordinates, be that the station method of freely establishing etc. on basis is carried out with the forward intersection.Minor angle method and collimation line method are simple, are convenient to operate on the spot; But its precision is lower, and requires the place open, only the foundation ditch of suitable regular shape.The method of polar coordinates basic point is laid flexibly, and workload is less, easy, save time, efficient is high; But because working base point is nearer apart from foundation ditch, the basic point change in displacement is bigger, and error is big, can't satisfy the monitoring accuracy requirement.Freely establish the station method and establish the station flexibly, operating efficiency is high, not limited by intervisibility; Avoided of the influence of working base point instability to monitoring accuracy; But freely establish the station method and require the total powerstation of selecting for use angle measurement and range accuracy to be complementary, require to guarantee baseline limit weak point as far as possible at intersection angle under near 90 °～100 ° prerequisites, the precision of establishing website simultaneously is not high; Having only under the prerequisite of reference point being forced centering, could improve the precision and the reliability of monitored data.In the urban environment in modern times; The subway foundation pit construction must receive the restriction of each side city factor, and the place scope is more and more littler, moreover the protection of the many employings of construction enclosing; Enclosing often has urban road and building outward; Mobile devices such as Construction traffic, crane and the interim material of piling up are arranged in the enclosing, and sighting condition usually can't satisfy, and minor angle method, collimation line method etc. is difficult to carry out practical operation.For true reflection stake top horizontal displacement; Displacement monitoring point generally is laid in hat back portion; Because working face is narrow; Cause the measuring point place can't set up prism; Freely establishing station method and method of polar coordinates is restricted; Establish freely simultaneously that website position precision is low, there is change in displacement in the method for polar coordinates working base point, can't satisfy the monitoring accuracy requirement of Metro Deep Excavation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention: minor angle method, method of polar coordinates and the lower problem of collimation line method precision in the base pit engineering observation process; Reach the problem that the station method is had relatively high expectations to total powerstation of freely establishing.
The present invention solves the technical scheme of its technical problem:
A kind of monitoring method of foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement, this method may further comprise the steps:
On the different buildings around the foundation ditch, lay three reference point A, reference point B, three reference points of reference point C respectively;
The complete intervisibility of the inner formation of each basic point and foundation ditch is used steel bar end at reference point A, reference point B, reference point C place welding reference point, and the prism cutting ferrule of burn-oning above that, and the prism that total powerstation is used is fixed on the prism cutting ferrule;
Use the coordinate figure of total powerstation, measure reference point A, reference point B, reference point C actual coordinate value (X separately successively according to known control point
A, Y
A), (X
B, Y
B), (X
C, Y
C), and record, in the process of excavation of foundation pit, for two week～sixs' weeks the coordinate figure of reference point A, reference point B, reference point C each point was checked;
Optional working terminal D, E, F... in enclosing, this working terminal should be selected in and receive construction infection less, and forms the place of intervisibility with reference point A, reference point B, reference point C and each measuring point;
Step 4 working terminal measurement of coordinates
D sets up total powerstation at working base point; And carry out centering leveling, and in the total station survey pattern, select the resection pattern then, the coordinate figure of the reference point A that step 2 is measured is as backsight point coordinate values input total powerstation; And reference point A carried out initial measurement; Clockwise rotate total powerstation then, aiming reference point B, the seat value (X of input reference point B
B, Y
B), B measures to reference point, measure angle and the line segment S of ∠ ADB
AD, S
BDLength, total powerstation calculates the coordinate figure (X of work measuring point D automatically
D, Y
D);
Total powerstation is fixed in working terminal D position; Whether inspection total powerstation bubble is still placed in the middle; Then with any point among reference point A or the reference point B as backsight point, in measurement pattern, select the measurement of coordinates pattern, the coordinate figure of input backsight point and the coordinate figure (X of working terminal D
D, Y
D), rotate total powerstation, observe and datum mark C, obtain the observation coordinate (X of reference point C
C1, Y
C1), with observation coordinate (X
C1, Y
C1) and actual coordinate (X
C, Y
C) contrast, if differ by more than 0.1mm, then needing again the D point coordinates to be measured, repeated measurement is up to reference point C point observation coordinate figure (X
C1, Y
C1) and actual coordinate value (X
C, Y
C) difference in 0.1mm the time, confirm the coordinate (X that working terminal D is ordered
D, Y
D);
The monitoring of step 5 measuring point displacement
At displacement monitoring measuring point S1, S2, the monitoring device of foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement is installed at the S3... place respectively, the self-adhesive type reflector plate alignment work website D of each monitoring device, the reinforcing bar of an end of steel plate and reinforcing bar welding exposes stake top 2cmm～5cm;
Guarantee that total powerstation is motionless at the D point, whether inspection total powerstation bubble is still placed in the middle, is backsight point with the arbitrary reference point among three reference point A, reference point B, the reference point C; Select the measurement of coordinates pattern; The coordinate figure of input backsight point is observed displacement monitoring measuring point S1, S2 then successively; S3..., write down corresponding coordinate figure (X
1, Y
1), (X
2, Y
2), (X
3, Y
3) ...;
The step 6 data
The measurement result of step 5 and known each measuring point S1, S2, the difference of S3... coordinate is exactly the stake top change in displacement value at each measuring point place.
Described total powerstation adopts the total powerstation that has the resection pattern.
The monitoring device of foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement, this device comprises steel plate, self-adhesive type reflector plate, reinforcing bar;
A termination welding of steel plate and reinforcing bar, and the angle of steel plate and level is 60 °～90 °;
Reinforcing bar length is 1～2m, and the steel plate length and width respectively are 30～50mm, and thick 5～10mm requires surface of steel plate to polish flat;
The self-adhesive type reflector plate is pasted on steel plate faces upward;
Self-adhesive type reflector plate specification is the square of 20mm * 20mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The monitoring method that the present invention proposes horizontal movement does not need to set up prism at measuring point, has avoided the error of centralization of measuring point, has not only improved certainty of measurement, and has improved monitoring efficient.Measuring point method for arranging in this measuring method, stationarity is good, brightness is high, is particularly useful for the narrow Guan Liangchu of the scope of operation.The stake top displacement data that this monitoring method records can reflect the distortion situation of fender post top change in displacement and foundation ditch surrounding soil truly, is convenient to take suitable counter-measure to guarantee the safety of foundation ditch.Do not receiving under the environmental limitations of place, efficiency of measurement is high, under the little prerequisite of error, and the data that record through monitoring method of the present invention, a reaction stake top change in displacement situation truly.
Description of drawings
The monitoring device stereogram of Fig. 1 foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement.
The monitoring device front view of Fig. 2 foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement.
Fig. 3 working terminal measurement of coordinates sketch map.
Fig. 4 measuring point displacement monitoring sketch map.
The specific embodiment
A kind of monitoring method of foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement, this method may further comprise the steps:
On the different buildings around the foundation ditch, lay three reference point A, reference point B, three reference points of reference point C respectively;
The complete intervisibility of the inner formation of each basic point and foundation ditch is used steel bar end at reference point A, reference point B, reference point C place welding reference point, and the prism cutting ferrule of burn-oning above that, and the prism that total powerstation is used is fixed on the prism cutting ferrule;
Use the coordinate figure of total powerstation, measure reference point A, reference point B, reference point C actual coordinate value (X separately successively according to known control point
A, Y
A), (X
B, Y
B), (X
C, Y
C), and record, in the process of excavation of foundation pit, for two week～sixs' weeks the coordinate figure of reference point A, reference point B, reference point C each point was checked;
Optional working terminal D, E, F... in enclosing, this working terminal should be selected in and receive construction infection less, and forms the place of intervisibility with reference point A, reference point B, reference point C and each measuring point;
Step 4 working terminal measurement of coordinates
As shown in Figure 3, D sets up total powerstation at working base point, and carries out the centering leveling; In the total station survey pattern, select the resection pattern then; The coordinate figure of the reference point A that step 2 is measured is as backsight point coordinate values input total powerstation, and reference point A is carried out initial measurement, clockwise rotates total powerstation then; Aiming reference point B, the seat value (X of input reference point B
B, Y
B), B measures to reference point, measure angle and the line segment S of ∠ ADB
AD, S
BDLength, total powerstation calculates the coordinate figure (X of work measuring point D automatically
D, Y
D);
Total powerstation is fixed in working terminal D position; Whether inspection total powerstation bubble is still placed in the middle; Then with any point among reference point A or the reference point B as backsight point, in measurement pattern, select the measurement of coordinates pattern, the coordinate figure of input backsight point and the coordinate figure (X of working terminal D
D, Y
D), rotate total powerstation, observe and datum mark C, obtain the observation coordinate (X of reference point C
C1, Y
C1), with observation coordinate (X
C1, Y
C1) and actual coordinate (X
C, Y
C) contrast, if differ by more than 0.1mm, then needing again the D point coordinates to be measured, repeated measurement is up to reference point C point observation coordinate figure (X
C1, Y
C1) and actual coordinate value (X
C, Y
C) difference in 0.1mm the time, confirm the coordinate (X that working terminal D is ordered
D, Y
D);
The monitoring of step 5 measuring point displacement
At displacement monitoring measuring point S1, S2, the monitoring device of foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement is installed at the S3... place respectively, the self-adhesive type reflector plate 2 alignment work website D of each monitoring device, steel plate 1 exposes stake top 2cmm～5cm with the reinforcing bar 3 of an end of reinforcing bar 3 welding;
As shown in Figure 4, guarantee that total powerstation is motionless at the D point, whether inspection total powerstation bubble is still placed in the middle; With the arbitrary reference point among three reference point A, reference point B, the reference point C is backsight point, selects the measurement of coordinates pattern, the coordinate figure of input backsight point; Observe displacement monitoring measuring point S1 then successively; S2, S3... writes down corresponding coordinate figure (X
1, Y
1), (X
2, Y
2), (X
3, Y
3) ...;
The step 6 data
The measurement result of step 5 and known each measuring point S1, S2, the difference of S3... coordinate is exactly the stake top change in displacement value at each measuring point place.
Described total powerstation adopts the total powerstation that has the resection pattern.
The monitoring device of foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement, like Fig. 1, shown in 2, this device comprises steel plate 1, self-adhesive type reflector plate 2, reinforcing bar 3;
Reinforcing bar length is 1～2m, and the steel plate length and width respectively are 30～50mm, and thick 5～10mm requires surface of steel plate to polish flat;
Self-adhesive type reflector plate 2 is pasted on steel plate 1 faces upward;
Self-adhesive type reflector plate 2 specifications are the square of 20mm * 20mm.
The use number range that occurs among the present invention, get one of two end value or wherein between arbitrary value all can.
Claims (3)
1. the monitoring method of a foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement is characterized in that:
This method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is selected reference point
On the different buildings around the foundation ditch, lay three reference point A, reference point B, three reference points of reference point C respectively;
The complete intervisibility of the inner formation of each basic point and foundation ditch is used steel bar end at reference point A, reference point B, reference point C place welding reference point, and the prism cutting ferrule of burn-oning above that, and the prism that total powerstation is used is fixed on the prism cutting ferrule;
Step 2 is confirmed the reference point coordinate
Use the coordinate figure of total powerstation, measure reference point A, reference point B, reference point C actual coordinate value (X separately successively according to known control point
A, Y
A), (X
B, Y
B), (X
C, Y
C), and record, in the process of excavation of foundation pit, for two week～sixs' weeks the coordinate figure of reference point A, reference point B, reference point C each point was checked;
Step 3 is laid website
Optional working terminal D, E, F... in enclosing, this working terminal should be selected in and receive construction infection less, and forms the place of intervisibility with reference point A, reference point B, reference point C and each measuring point;
Step 4 working terminal measurement of coordinates
D sets up total powerstation at working base point; And carry out centering leveling, and in the total station survey pattern, select the resection pattern then, the coordinate figure of the reference point A that step 2 is measured is as backsight point coordinate values input total powerstation; And reference point A carried out initial measurement; Clockwise rotate total powerstation then, aiming reference point B, the seat value (X of input reference point B
B, Y
B), B measures to reference point, measure angle and the line segment S of ∠ ADB
AD, S
BDLength, total powerstation calculates the coordinate figure (X of work measuring point D automatically
D, Y
D);
Total powerstation is fixed in working terminal D position; Whether inspection total powerstation bubble is still placed in the middle; Then with any point among reference point A or the reference point B as backsight point, in measurement pattern, select the measurement of coordinates pattern, the coordinate figure of input backsight point and the coordinate figure (X of working terminal D
D, Y
D), rotate total powerstation, observe and datum mark C, obtain the observation coordinate (X of reference point C
C1, Y
C1), with observation coordinate (X
C1, Y
C1) and actual coordinate (X
C, Y
C) contrast, if differ by more than 0.1mm, then needing again the D point coordinates to be measured, repeated measurement is up to reference point C point observation coordinate figure (X
C1, Y
C1) and actual coordinate value (X
C, Y
C) difference in 0.1mm the time, confirm the coordinate (X that working terminal D is ordered
D, Y
D);
The monitoring of step 5 measuring point displacement
At displacement monitoring measuring point S1; S2; S3... locate to install respectively the monitoring device of foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement, self-adhesive type reflector plate (2) the alignment work website D of each monitoring device, steel plate (1) exposes stake top 2cmm～5cmm with the reinforcing bar (3) of an end of reinforcing bar (3) welding;
Guarantee that total powerstation is motionless at the D point, whether inspection total powerstation bubble is still placed in the middle, is backsight point with the arbitrary reference point among three reference point A, reference point B, the reference point C; Select the measurement of coordinates pattern; The coordinate figure of input backsight point is observed displacement monitoring measuring point S1, S2 then successively; S3..., write down corresponding coordinate figure (X
1, Y
1), (X
2, Y
2), (X
3, Y
3) ...;
The step 6 data
The measurement result of step 5 and known each measuring point S1, S2, the difference of S3... coordinate is exactly the stake top change in displacement value at each measuring point place.
2. the monitoring method of a kind of foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described total powerstation adopts the total powerstation that has the resection pattern.
3. the monitoring device of foundation ditch stake top horizontal movement is characterized in that:
This device comprises steel plate (1), self-adhesive type reflector plate (2), reinforcing bar (3);
Steel plate (1) welds with a termination of reinforcing bar (3), and the angle of steel plate (1) and level is 60 °～90 °;
Reinforcing bar length is 1～2m, and the steel plate length and width respectively are 30～50mm, and thick 5～10mm requires surface of steel plate to polish flat;
Self-adhesive type reflector plate (2) is pasted on steel plate (1) faces upward;
Self-adhesive type reflector plate (2) specification is the square of 20mm * 20mm.
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| CN102620699A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-01 | 靳纪洲 | Method for measuring deformation monitoring directional horizontal displacement by using directional vertical distance method |
| CN103376064A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-30 | 贵州中建建筑科研设计院有限公司 | Building foundation ditch or side slope deformation monitoring method and building foundation ditch or side slope deformation monitoring reflection device |
| CN106284445A (en) * | 2016-10-15 | 2017-01-04 | 韩少鹏 | Civil engineering foundation pit construction process monitoring equipment and monitoring method |
| CN106500651A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-15 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of method for safety monitoring of construction geometry deformation |
| CN107144267A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-08 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Vertical equipment installation method |
| CN108318011A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-07-24 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A method of construction site periphery displacement is monitored by UAV flight's total powerstation |
| CN108824499A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-16 | 合肥市测绘设计研究院 | One kind being based on resection Free Station horizontal displacement monitoring method |
| CN108914994A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-30 | 山东大学 | A kind of foundation pit top horizontal displacement monitoring method based on opposite side ranging |
| CN108981665A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-11 | 山东大学 | A kind of foundation pit top horizontal displacement monitoring method based on measurement of coordinates |
| CN110057343A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-26 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A method of using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement |
| CN110468887A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-19 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of miniature steel pipe stake body soil pressure and displacement monitoring method |
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| WO2021017984A1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-04 | 青岛理工大学 | Soil pressure and displacement monitoring system and method for miniature steel pipe pile body |
| CN113188510A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-07-30 | 浙江省建工集团有限责任公司 | Construction method for new triangular elevation measurement in large-area deep foundation pit |
| CN114541494A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-27 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Method for monitoring deformation of pile body of cantilever fender pile of deep foundation pit |
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| CN102620699A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-01 | 靳纪洲 | Method for measuring deformation monitoring directional horizontal displacement by using directional vertical distance method |
| CN103376064A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-30 | 贵州中建建筑科研设计院有限公司 | Building foundation ditch or side slope deformation monitoring method and building foundation ditch or side slope deformation monitoring reflection device |
| CN106284445A (en) * | 2016-10-15 | 2017-01-04 | 韩少鹏 | Civil engineering foundation pit construction process monitoring equipment and monitoring method |
| CN106500651A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-15 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of method for safety monitoring of construction geometry deformation |
| CN107144267A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-08 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Vertical equipment installation method |
| CN107144267B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2020-03-27 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | Vertical equipment installation method |
| CN108318011A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-07-24 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A method of construction site periphery displacement is monitored by UAV flight's total powerstation |
| CN108318011B (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2020-05-15 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Method for monitoring peripheral displacement of construction site through unmanned aerial vehicle carrying total station |
| CN108824499A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-16 | 合肥市测绘设计研究院 | One kind being based on resection Free Station horizontal displacement monitoring method |
| CN108914994B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-01-14 | 山东大学 | Foundation pit top horizontal displacement monitoring method based on opposite side distance measurement |
| CN108914994A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-30 | 山东大学 | A kind of foundation pit top horizontal displacement monitoring method based on opposite side ranging |
| CN108981665A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-11 | 山东大学 | A kind of foundation pit top horizontal displacement monitoring method based on measurement of coordinates |
| CN108981665B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-03-31 | 山东大学 | Foundation pit top horizontal displacement monitoring method based on coordinate measurement |
| CN110057343B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2021-03-26 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Method for measuring angle and monitoring plane displacement by using total station |
| CN110057343A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-26 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A method of using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement |
| WO2021017871A1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-04 | 青岛理工大学 | Micro steel pipe pile body displacement monitoring device and method |
| CN110468887A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-19 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of miniature steel pipe stake body soil pressure and displacement monitoring method |
| WO2021017984A1 (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-04 | 青岛理工大学 | Soil pressure and displacement monitoring system and method for miniature steel pipe pile body |
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| CN110468887B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-05-04 | 青岛理工大学 | Method for monitoring soil pressure and displacement of miniature steel pipe pile body |
| CN111764447A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 天津市地质工程勘察院 | Method for monitoring horizontal displacement of pile top of foundation pit supporting pile |
| CN111854664A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-30 | 河北建设勘察研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring horizontal displacement of pier stud in underpinning of bridge pile foundation |
| CN113188510A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-07-30 | 浙江省建工集团有限责任公司 | Construction method for new triangular elevation measurement in large-area deep foundation pit |
| CN113188510B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江省建工集团有限责任公司 | Construction method for new triangular elevation measurement in large-area deep foundation pit |
| CN114541494A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-27 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Method for monitoring deformation of pile body of cantilever fender pile of deep foundation pit |
| CN114910003A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-16 | 湖北工业大学 | Measuring robot displacement monitoring method and device based on fixed track |
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Application publication date: 20120411 |