CN110057343A - A method of using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement - Google Patents
A method of using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement Download PDFInfo
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- CN110057343A CN110057343A CN201910457058.1A CN201910457058A CN110057343A CN 110057343 A CN110057343 A CN 110057343A CN 201910457058 A CN201910457058 A CN 201910457058A CN 110057343 A CN110057343 A CN 110057343A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
- G01C3/10—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders using a parallactic triangle with variable angles and a base of fixed length in the observation station, e.g. in the instrument
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement, this method includes the following: to set at least one monitoring point in monitored target；In monitored target proximity stable region, two forced centering observation stands are established, coordinate system is established, be located at A observation pier and B observation pier under the same coordinate system, measures the coordinate of A observation pier and B observation pier；Corresponding backsight point is observed from A observation pier and B observation pier respectively using total station, under the coordinate system of generation, respectively obtains the horizontal angle α and horizontal angle beta of corresponding monitoring point；By the position of horizontal angle and observation pier, simultaneous equations obtain the coordinate of monitoring point.Using the method in the present invention, using the method for total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement, can influence to avoid landform and weather to angle measurement accuracy, effectively improve monitoring accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering monitoring technical fields, and in particular to a kind of to use total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement
Method.
Background technique
During civil engineering construction, it is often necessary to be monitored to periphery sensitivity building or engineering itself, at present
Monitoring in-plane displancement mainly uses total station survey plane coordinates, but since total station survey distance is influenced by sighting distance and weather
It is very big, cause monitoring accuracy to be unable to satisfy produced on-site needs and code requirement.
Currently in order to improving total station monitors building in-plane displancement precision, it is main to lean on close-target using by observation position
Point, so as to shorten observation sighting distance；Or it is monitored when meteorological condition is good.But as Urbanization in China adds increasingly
Fastly, many civil engineering peripheries can not carry out short distance observation, or be observed after meteorological condition can not be waited to stablize, so
It needs to improve original method monitored using total station, allows to avoid distance and weather to the shadow of angle measurement accuracy
It rings.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of using total station technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, providing
The method that measurement angle monitors in-plane displancement, can influence to avoid landform and weather to angle measurement accuracy, effectively improve monitoring essence
Degree.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that, it is a kind of to use total station survey angle monitor
The method of in-plane displancement, this method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: selecting a monitoring point in monitored target.
Step 2: monitored target proximity stable region, establishes two forced centering observation stands, respectively A observation pier and B
Observation pier, stability region is respectively arranged C backsight point and D backsight point, C backsight point and A near A observation pier and B observation pier rear
Observation pier intervisibility, D backsight point (2-2) and B observation pier intervisibility；Not intervisibility between each observation pier.
Step 3: establishing coordinate system, it is located at the A observation pier and B observation pier under the same coordinate system, the A observation pier
Coordinate be A (xa, ya), the coordinate of B observation pier is B (xb, yb)；The coordinate of C backsight point is C (xc, yc), the coordinate of D backsight point
For D (xd, yd)；Wherein: xa、ya、xb、yb、xc、yc、xdAnd ydIt is natural number.
Step 4: measuring the corresponding C backsight point (2-1) from the A observation pier using total station, total station is generated
Coordinate system, under the coordinate system of generation, measurement obtains corresponding to the horizontal angle α of the monitoring point.
Corresponding D backsight point is measured from the B observation pier using total station, total station generates coordinate system, in generation
Under coordinate system, measurement obtains corresponding to the horizontal angle beta of the monitoring point.
Step 5: set the coordinate of the monitoring point as (x, y), by the A observation pier and B observation pier in step 3
Coordinate and horizontal angle must correspond to the coordinate (x, y) of the monitoring point.Obtain the initial coordinate (x of the monitoring point1, y1)。
Step 6: repeating step 4 and five when the in-plane displancement amount of the monitoring point need to be obtained, obtaining the prison at this time
Coordinate (the x of measuring point2, y2)。
Step 7: by the coordinate (x of the monitoring point2, y2) and initial coordinate (x1, y1) and it compares, gained difference is institute
State the in-plane displancement amount of monitoring point；The displacement of all directions is as follows:
Δ x=x2-x1(5)；
Δ y=y2-y1(6)；
Further, when selecting multiple monitoring points, each monitoring point is individually monitored, each monitoring point is detected
When, it repeats to respectively obtain the in-plane displancement amount of each monitoring point to get monitored target has been arrived Step 4: five, six and seven
In-plane displancement.
Further, detailed process is as follows for the step 5: the coordinate (x, y) of the monitoring point is set, by step 3
The A observation pier coordinate A (xa, ya) and step 4 in the horizontal angle α obtain following equation:
ka=tan α (2)；
By the coordinate B (x of the B observation pier (4) in step 3b, yb) and step 4 in the horizontal angle beta obtain with
Lower equation:
kb=tan β (4)；
Simultaneous above equation solves x and y to get the coordinate (x, y) of the corresponding monitoring point.
Further, coordinate system is established by the method for traverse survey in the step 3.
A kind of method using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement of the present invention has the advantages that using total station
Measurement angle monitors in-plane displancement, does not need measurement distance in the process, avoids total station range error, it is gentle to avoid landform
The influence to range accuracy is waited, monitoring accuracy is effectively improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Arrangement schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is the monitoring in-plane displancement in the present invention.
Wherein: 1. target points；2-1.C backsight point；2-2.D backsight point；3.A observation pier；4.B observation pier.
Specific embodiment
A kind of method using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, this method includes such as
Lower step:
Step 1: selecting a monitoring point 1 in monitored target；Monitored target refers to building.
Step 2: establishing two forced centering observation stands, respectively A observation pier 3 in monitored target proximity stable region
With B observation pier 4, stability region is respectively arranged C backsight point 2-1 and D backsight point 2- near 4 rear of A observation pier 3 and B observation pier
2, C backsight point 2-1 and 3 intervisibility of A observation pier, D backsight point 2-2 and 4 intervisibility of B observation pier；Not intervisibility between each observation pier；C backsight point
It is not required specifically between 2-1 and D backsight point 2-2, can be with intervisibility, it can not also intervisibility.
For between each observation pier not intervisibility the case where, if A observation pier 3 and B observation pier 4 are in two different lanes.Such as
Two lanes of fruit communicate at a distance, C backsight point 2-1 can be established with D backsight point 2-2 at the place that is connected, at this point, two backsights
Point intervisibility；If C backsight point 2-1 and D backsight point 2-2 are not established at the place that is connected, two backsight points not intervisibility.
In engineering survey, stable region is an opposite concept, none absolute standard need to consider peripheral region
Various influence factors, such as other buildings, if having construction etc., decision principle just refers to that displacement is mobile and changes negligible area
Domain.
Step 3: establishing coordinate system, it is located at A observation pier 3 and B observation pier 4 under the same coordinate system, the coordinate of A observation pier 3
For A (xa, ya), the coordinate of B observation pier 4 is B (xb, yb)；The coordinate of backsight point C is C (xc, yc), the coordinate of backsight point D is D
(xd, yd)；Wherein: xa、ya、xb、yb、xc、yc、xdAnd ydIt is natural number.Coordinate system is established by the method for traverse survey.
Step 4: measuring corresponding C backsight point 2-1 from the A observation pier 3 using total station, total station generates coordinate
System, under the coordinate system of generation, measurement obtains corresponding to the horizontal angle α of the monitoring point 1.Due to the coordinate and A of C backsight point 2-1
3 coordinate of observation pier be it is known, after total station survey, unique coordinate system can be generated.
Corresponding D backsight point 2-2 is measured from the B observation pier 4 using total station, total station generates coordinate system, in life
At coordinate system under, measurement obtains corresponding to the horizontal angle beta of the monitoring point 1.Due to the coordinate and B observation pier 4 of D backsight point 2-2
Coordinate be it is known, after total station survey, unique coordinate system can be generated.
Step 5: setting the coordinate of the monitoring point 1 as (x, y), by the coordinate A of the A observation pier 3 in step 3
(xa, ya) and step 4 in the horizontal angle α obtain following equation:
ka=tan α (2)；
By the coordinate B (x of the B observation pier 4 in step 3b, yb) and step 4 in horizontal angle beta obtain following equation:
kb=tan β (4)；
Simultaneous above equation solves x and y to get the coordinate (x, y) of the correspondence monitoring point (1)；
The initial coordinate of corresponding monitoring point 1 is set as (x1, y1), initial coordinate is brought into the formula in step 5,
Middle x1Replace x, y1Y is replaced, the initial coordinate (x of the monitoring point 1 is calculated1, y1)。
Step 6: obtaining the coordinate (x of monitoring point 1 at this time when the in-plane displancement amount of the monitoring point (1) need to be obtained2,
y2)。
Step 7: by the coordinate (x of monitoring point 12, y2) and initial coordinate (x1, y1) compare, difference is monitoring point 1
In-plane displancement amount；The displacement of all directions is as follows:
Δ x=x2-x1(5)；
Δ y=y2-y1 (6)。
When selecting multiple monitoring points 1, each monitoring point 1 is individually monitored, each monitoring point is examined
It when survey, repeats Step 4: five, six, seven and eight, respectively obtains the in-plane displancement amount of each monitoring point 1 to get to being supervised
Survey the in-plane displancement of target.
For general building, a monitoring point 1 can not really reflect whether monitoring plane occurs position
Variation is moved, so, multiple monitoring points 1 are usually selected, it is mutually indepedent between each monitoring point 1 in monitoring, i.e., respectively to each prison
Measuring point 1 is monitored.Finally by the change in displacement value of each monitoring point 2, show whether monitored target has occurred change in displacement.Tool
Body is, the change in displacement of each monitoring point 1 is directed towards that same direction is changed or change direction is inconsistent, if it is court
Changed to same direction, has then judged the variation displacement of monitored target.
In the art, when being monitored, that unit is selected is mm.Using in the present invention method with it is general in the prior art
Compare all over the method used, wherein method in the prior art is another observation using one of observation pier as observation pier
Pier measures the oblique distance between monitoring point and total station and the angle of monitoring point, obtains monitoring point coordinate as backsight point.In ranging
When, since light propagation speed can change, and the rate of the light in total station is definite value, so there is error.
Monitoring point 1 is one selected, sets A observation pier coordinate (1000,1000), B observation pier coordinate (1114.2456,
921.0254), 1 coordinate of monitoring point (1189.2546,1024.5443)；
The data measured using method in the prior art are as shown in table 1:
The deviation for the monitoring point that the method in the prior art of table 1 measures
| Observation frequency | 1st time | 2nd time | 3rd time |
| Monitoring point x value | 1189.2546 | 1189.2546 | 1189.2546 |
| Monitoring point y value | 1024.5443 | 1024.5443 | 1024.5443 |
| X difference (m) | 0.0009 | -0.0003 | 0.0002 |
| Y difference (m) | -0.0006 | -0.0005 | 0.0006 |
Each data measured using the method in the present invention are as shown in table 2:
The deviation for the monitoring point that table 2 is measured using the method in the present invention
| Observation frequency | 1st time | 2nd time | 3rd time |
| A observation angle | 7°23′21.9″ | 7°23′21.8″ | 7°23′22.2″ |
| B observation angle | 54°4′23.2″ | 54°4′24.0″ | 54°4′23.7″ |
| Monitoring point x value | 1189.2549 | 1189.2542 | 1189.2547 |
| Monitoring point y value | 1024.5444 | 1024.5442 | 1024.5446 |
| X difference (m) | -0.0003 | 0.0004 | -0.0001 |
| Y difference (m) | -0.0001 | -0.0002 | -0.0003 |
In this construction field, actual monitoring, the unit of selection is mm, using in method in the prior art and the application
Method same monitoring point is monitored three times, the coordinate of monitoring point x value and y value as shown in Table 1 and Table 2, with standard value
Deviation is as shown in the x difference and y difference terms in Tables 1 and 2, by the data in Tables 1 and 2 it is found that using the side in the present invention
Method, the difference of x difference and y difference than the method in current technology are small.Method in the present invention is suitable for field monitoring, and right
The precision of monitoring point monitoring improves.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: selecting a monitoring point (1) in monitored target；
Step 2: in monitored target proximity stable region, establish two forced centering observation stands, respectively A observation pier (3) and
B observation pier (4), after stability region is respectively arranged C backsight point (2-1) and D near the A observation pier (3) and B observation pier (4) rear
Viewpoint (2-2), the C backsight point (2-1) and A observation pier (3) intervisibility, the D backsight point (2-2) and B observation pier (4) intervisibility；
Not intervisibility between each observation pier；
Step 3: establishing coordinate system, it is located at the A observation pier (3) and B observation pier (4) under the same coordinate system, the A observation
The coordinate of pier (3) is A (xa, ya), the coordinate of B observation pier (4) is B (xb, yb)；The coordinate of C backsight point (2-1) is C (xc, yc), D
The coordinate of backsight point (2-2) is D (xd, yd)；Wherein: xa、ya、xb、yb、xc、yc、xdAnd ydIt is natural number；
Step 4: measuring the corresponding C backsight point (2-1) from the A observation pier (3) using total station, total station is generated
Coordinate system, under the coordinate system of generation, measurement obtains corresponding to the horizontal angle α of the monitoring point (1)；
D backsight point (2-2) is measured from the B observation pier (4) using total station, total station generates coordinate system, in the seat of generation
Under mark system, measurement obtains corresponding to the horizontal angle beta of the monitoring point (1)；
Step 5: set the coordinate of the monitoring point (1) as (x, y), by step 3 the A observation pier (3) and B observation pier
(4) coordinate and horizontal angle must correspond to the coordinate (x, y) of the monitoring point (1)；The coordinate of the monitoring point (1) when first monitoring
For labeled as (x1, y1)
Step 6: repeating step 4 and five when the in-plane displancement amount of the monitoring point (1) need to be obtained, obtaining the prison at this time
Coordinate (the x of measuring point (1)2, y2)；
Step 7: by the coordinate (x of the monitoring point (1)2, y2) and initial coordinate (x1, y1) compare, gained difference is described
The in-plane displancement amount of monitoring point (1)；The displacement of all directions is as follows:
Δ x=x2-x1(5)；
Δ y=y2-y1 (6)。
2. a kind of method using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
When selecting multiple monitoring points (1), each monitoring point (1) is individually monitored, when being detected to each monitoring point,
It repeats to respectively obtain the in-plane displancement amount of each monitoring point (1) to get monitored target has been arrived Step 4: five, six and seven
In-plane displancement.
3. a kind of method using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In detailed process is as follows for the step 5: setting the coordinate (x, y) of the monitoring point (1)；
By the coordinate A (x of the A observation pier (3) in step 3a, ya) and step 4 in the horizontal angle α obtain with lower section
Journey:
ka=tan α (2)；
By the coordinate B (x of the B observation pier (4) in step 3b, yb) and step 4 in the horizontal angle beta obtain with lower section
Journey:
kb=tan β (4)；
Simultaneous above equation solves x and y to get the coordinate (x, y) of the corresponding monitoring point (1).
4. a kind of method using total station survey angle monitor in-plane displancement according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In establishing coordinate system by the method for traverse survey in the step 3.
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| CN102409703A (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2012-04-11 | 北京交通大学 | Monitoring method for horizontal displacement of foundation pit pile top and monitoring device thereof |
| US20130174432A1 (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | Attachment Device And Total Station |
| CN104457684A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 杨浩 | Total station three-dimensional deformation monitoring method free from fixed station setting points |
| CN109269486A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-25 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of modified total station monitoring displacement method of vibration |
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2019
- 2019-05-29 CN CN201910457058.1A patent/CN110057343B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102226697A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-26 | 杨浩 | Precise settlement monitoring method with total station instrument |
| CN102278970A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-14 | 北京林业大学 | Technique for monitoring positioning and deformation based on angular distance difference of total station |
| CN102409703A (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2012-04-11 | 北京交通大学 | Monitoring method for horizontal displacement of foundation pit pile top and monitoring device thereof |
| US20130174432A1 (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | Attachment Device And Total Station |
| CN104457684A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-03-25 | 杨浩 | Total station three-dimensional deformation monitoring method free from fixed station setting points |
| CN109269486A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-25 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of modified total station monitoring displacement method of vibration |
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