CN103438872A - Indoor and field integrated system based on dam three-dimension forward intersection measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated system of internal and external operations based on the three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of the dam, which includes the field on-board software developed based on the total station and the internal data processing and management system developed based on the Windows system. The airborne software includes a station preparation module, a learning measurement module, and an automatic measurement module; the office data processing and management system includes a data transmission module, a data preprocessing module, a data adjustment module, a data management query module, and an output module. The invention has complete functions and unique algorithm, and forms the automatic and integrated operation of data collection, processing, management, analysis, drawing and output of the three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of the dam appearance. Compared with the prior art, the degree of automation and reliability of the present invention are greatly improved compared with the traditional method; it not only improves the operation efficiency, but also reduces the operation intensity, and has applicability and reliability in the appearance measurement of similar dams at home and abroad. Promotional.

Description

An integrated system of internal and external industries based on 3D front intersection measurement of dams

technical field

The invention discloses an internal and external industry integration system based on three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of a dam, which is especially suitable for the situation where there are many monitoring points, and relates to the technical fields of engineering measurement and dam safety monitoring.

Background technique

The dam and its equipment will deform during operation, and this deformation is considered normal if it is within a certain loudness. However, if the deformation exceeds the specified limit, it will affect the normal use of the dam, and even endanger the safety of the dam in severe cases. Therefore, during the operation of the dam, it is necessary to carry out regular deformation monitoring to grasp its deformation status in time.

At present, the dam deformation measurement generally adopts manual measurement, that is, the surveyor manually records the field monitoring data such as slope distance, horizontal angle, vertical angle and atmospheric elements, and the recorder calculates the 2C difference on the spot and checks the limit difference. The ability requirements of recorders and recorders are high, and it is difficult to find errors. This kind of operation method not only has a large workload, high work intensity, and great interference from the external environment, but also has low accuracy of manual sighting, slow information feedback, and is not conducive to the collation, adjustment, analysis, and application of measurement data.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: aiming at the defects of the prior art, to provide an integrated system of internal and external industries based on the three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of the dam, to realize the automatic data collection, data transmission, and data acquisition of the three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of the dam appearance Integrated operations such as adjustment calculation, statistical analysis, data management pre-query and data output.

The present invention adopts the following technical solutions for solving the problems of the technologies described above:

An integrated internal and external system based on three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of a dam, including a total station, a computer, a field airborne system, and an internal data processing and management system, and the field airborne system is set in the total station , including a station preparation module, a learning measurement module, and an automatic measurement module; the office data processing and management system is set in a computer, including a data transmission module, a data preprocessing module, a data adjustment module, a data management query module, an output module; among them,

The station preparation module is used to realize the input of relevant parameters of the station;

The learning measurement module is used to measure the approximate coordinates and elevation of measuring points;

The automatic measurement module is used to measure the horizontal angle, zenith distance and slope distance, and at the same time check and check whether the parameters entered in the station preparation module settings meet the requirements of the system tolerance;

The data transmission module is used to realize the connection between the total station and the computer, the connection between the computer and the background database of the program, and transmit the field observation data to the computer;

The data preprocessing module is used to organize field observation data;

The data adjustment module calculates the adjustment of the plane coordinates and the adjustment of the elevation according to the sorted field observation data;

The data management query module is used to save and query the data information generated by the system;

The data output module is used to output system data information.

Further, the relevant parameters input in the station preparation module include: station name, aiming point name, number of measurement rounds, number of directions, 2C difference, index difference, and measurement round difference.

Further, the field raw data sorted by the data preprocessing module is saved in the form of an Excel electronic observation handbook.

Further, the system data information stored and queried by the data management query module includes: observation date, post-adjustment results, and attribute information.

Further, the system data output by the output module includes: electronic manual, adjustment form, statistical analysis form, plane displacement vector diagram, vertical displacement vector diagram, and process line diagram.

The specific method for calculating the adjustment of the plane coordinates and the elevation is as follows:

Step 1: Perform addition constant correction, multiplication constant correction, meteorological correction, projection correction, cycle correction, and tilt correction on the slope distance value of the point to be measured to obtain the corrected horizontal distance value;

Step 2: Use the corrected horizontal distance value obtained in step 1 to calculate the corrected value of the spherical air difference at the point to be measured;

Utilize the corrected horizontal distance value obtained in step 1 to calculate the plane coordinate correction value of the point to be measured;

Step 3: Calculate the elevation of the point to be measured according to the vertical angle of the observation station, the elevation of the reference point of the observation station, and the balloon difference correction value of the point to be measured;

According to the plane coordinate correction value of the point to be measured, calculate the plane coordinate unit weight center error;

Step 4: Calculate the round-trip difference of the elevation of the point to be measured, set the threshold of the round-trip difference, if the round-trip difference of the elevation of the point to be measured is less than the set threshold, end the calculation of the adjustment of the point to be measured, if the round-trip difference of the elevation of the point to be measured If it is greater than the set threshold, re-measure the point to be measured;

Set the error threshold of the plane coordinate unit weight. If the error value of the plane coordinate unit weight of the point to be measured is less than the set threshold, the adjustment calculation of the point to be measured will end; if the error of the unit weight of the point to be measured is greater than the set value threshold, re-measure the point to be measured.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical scheme and has the following technical effects: the internal and external industry integrated system based on the three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of the dam appearance disclosed by the present invention has complete functions, clear flow, and unique algorithm, forming a The digitalization and integration of automatic collection, preprocessing, adjustment, analysis, management, graphing, and output of data data, and the deformation trend of the measuring points are vividly reproduced through vector diagrams and process line diagrams. This system has changed the current manual field measurement and manual interior processing methods of the 3D forward intersection measurement of the appearance. On the one hand, the quality of the measurement results and the operation speed have been improved, the operation intensity has been greatly reduced, and the labor cost has been reduced. On the other hand, It improves the integrity, accuracy, automation and visualization level of the measurement results, and is suitable for deformation monitoring of similar dams at home and abroad with many measuring points and irregular distribution.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of plane coordinate measurement and height measurement principle in the present invention,

在水平面上的夹角，β为

与

在水平面上的夹角，γ为

与

在水平面上的夹角；S为已知点A和已知点B在水平面上的距离；S₁和S₂分别为

和

的长度；D₁和D₂分别为

和

的水平长度；Z₁和Z₂分别为A点和B点到待测点P的垂直角。Among them: A and B represent the measuring frame stations LS1 and LS2, which are known points, P is the point to be measured, and P' is the projection of P on the horizontal plane; α is and

The included angle on the horizontal plane, β is

and

The included angle on the horizontal plane, γ is

and

Angle on the horizontal plane; S is the distance between known point A and known point B on the horizontal plane; S ₁ and S ₂ are respectively

and

The length of ; D ₁ and D ₂ are respectively

and

The horizontal length; Z ₁ and Z ₂ are the vertical angles from point A and point B to the point P to be measured respectively.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system operation flow of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the locations of monitoring points and reference points in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention. The internal and external integrated system based on the three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of the dam includes a total station, a computer, a field airborne system, and an internal data processing and management system, and the field airborne system is set in the total station , including a station preparation module, a learning measurement module, and an automatic measurement module; the office data processing and management system is set in a computer, including a data transmission module, a data preprocessing module, a data adjustment module, a data management query module, an output module; among them,

The station preparation module is used to realize the input of relevant parameters of the station;

The learning measurement module is used to measure the approximate coordinates and elevation of measuring points;

The automatic measurement module is used to measure the horizontal angle, zenith distance and slope distance, and at the same time check and check whether the parameters entered in the station preparation module settings meet the requirements of the system tolerance;

The data transmission module is used to realize the connection between the total station and the computer, the connection between the computer and the background database of the program, and transmit the field observation data to the computer;

The data preprocessing module is used to organize field observation data;

The data adjustment module calculates the adjustment of the plane coordinates and the adjustment of the elevation according to the sorted field observation data;

The data management query module is used to save and query the data information generated by the system;

The data output module is used to output system data information.

As shown in Fig. 3, LS1 and LS2 are three-dimensional forward intersection measurement frame stations, and the rest points are monitoring points (represented in the form of triangles in the figure), and all monitoring points and reference points are mandatory observation piers. The internal and external industry integration system based on the three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of the dam appearance disclosed by the present invention has a schematic diagram of its operation flow as shown in Figure 2, and specifically includes the following steps:

(1) First set up a total station with on-board software on the stand site LS2, open the instrument to enter the electronic bubble, precisely level it, operate the instrument according to the aforementioned steps for automatic measurement, until all monitoring points are measured, when When there are many measurement points, the measurement points can be grouped according to the number of prisms, and the measurement can be carried out in groups to improve the measurement speed;

(2) Move the instrument to LS1 station and repeat step (1) until all measuring points are measured, the instrument will automatically save the measurement data, and turn off the total station;

(3) Use the office data processing and management system to set the corresponding serial port and parameters, and transmit the field data automatically saved in the total station to the computer;

(4) Use the data preprocessing module to sort out the raw data of the field and save it in the form of an Excel electronic observation handbook.

(5) Calculate the plane coordinates and elevations of all survey points in the current period by using the data adjustment module.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of plane coordinate measurement and height measurement principle in the present invention,

与

在水平面上的夹角，β为与

在水平面上的夹角，γ为

与

在水平面上的夹角，即α、β、γ为三角形ABP'的三个内角；S为已知点A和已知点B在水平面上的距离，为已知值，根据A、B两点的平面坐标计算得到；S₁和S₂分别为和

的长度，为测量值；D₁和D₂分别为

和

的水平长度，由测量值S₁和S₂转化而来；Z₁和Z₂分别为A点和B点到待测点P的垂直角，为测量值。Among them: A and B are known points, which represent the measurement stand sites LS1 and LS2, P is the point to be measured, and P' is the projection of P on the horizontal plane; α is

and

The included angle on the horizontal plane, β is and

The included angle on the horizontal plane, γ is

and

The included angle on the horizontal plane, that is, α, β, and γ are the three interior angles of the triangle ABP'; S is the distance between the known point A and the known point B on the horizontal plane, which is a known value, according to the two points A and B The plane coordinates are calculated; S ₁ and S ₂ are respectively and

The length of is the measured value; D ₁ and D ₂ are respectively

and

The horizontal length of is converted from the measured values S ₁ and S ₂ ; Z ₁ and Z ₂ are the vertical angles from point A and point B to the point P to be measured, respectively, and are measured values.

The specific steps for calculating the adjustment of plane coordinates are as follows:

Step 1: Perform additive constant correction, multiplication constant correction, meteorological correction, projection correction, period correction, and tilt correction to the measured slope distance to obtain the corrected horizontal distance value;

Step 2: Calculate the initial value of the coordinates of the point to be measured;

Step 3: Calculate the coordinates of the points to be measured and the correction numbers of all observed values;

Step 4: Calculate the unit weighted error based on the corrections of all observations;

Step 5: Select a certain threshold of unit weight error. If the unit weight error is less than the threshold, the adjustment ends; if the unit weight error is greater than the threshold, repeat steps 2-5 until it is less than the threshold. If not If qualified, retest the measuring point.

The specific steps of height adjustment calculation are as follows:

Step 1: Consistent with the calculation step 1 of plane coordinate adjustment;

Step 2: Use the corrected horizontal distance obtained in step 1 to calculate the corrected value of spherical air difference at each measuring point of LS2 and LS1 stations;

Step 3: Calculate the elevation of each measuring point by using the vertical angle results measured at LS2 station and the elevation of the reference point (LS2);

Step 4: Calculate the elevation of each measuring point by using the vertical angle results measured at LS1 station and the elevation of the reference point (LS1);

Step 5: Calculate the round-trip difference of the elevation of the point to be measured obtained from the two points LS2 and LS1, and select a certain threshold. If the round-trip difference is less than the threshold, take the average as the elevation of the last point to be measured; if the round-trip difference is greater than the threshold, repeat Measure this point.

(6) Use the data management query module to query survey period, observation date, results after adjustment, and attribute information.

(7) Use the data output module to output electronic manuals, adjustment tables, statistical analysis tables, plane displacement vector diagrams, vertical displacement vector diagrams, and process line diagrams, generate fixed-format Excel reports, and save them using the data management query module.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims of the present invention, some modifications can also be made. Improvements, these improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An integrated system of internal and external operations based on the three-dimensional forward intersection measurement of the dam, characterized in that it includes a total station, a computer, an on-board system in the field and a data processing and management system in the field, and the on-board system in the field Set in the total station, including station preparation module, learning measurement module, automatic measurement module; the office data processing and management system is set in the computer, including data transmission module, data preprocessing module, data adjustment module, Data management query module, output module; wherein, The station preparation module is used to realize the input of relevant parameters of the station; The learning measurement module is used to measure the approximate coordinates and elevation of measuring points; The automatic measurement module is used to measure the horizontal angle, zenith distance and slope distance, and at the same time check and check whether the parameters entered in the station preparation module settings meet the requirements of the system tolerance; The data transmission module is used to realize the connection between the total station and the computer, the connection between the computer and the background database of the program, and transmit the field observation data to the computer; The data preprocessing module is used to organize field observation data; The data adjustment module calculates the adjustment of the plane coordinates and the adjustment of the elevation according to the sorted field observation data; The data management query module is used to save and query the data information generated by the system; The data output module is used to output system data information. 2. A kind of internal and external industry integration system based on dam three-dimensional forward intersection measurement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the relevant parameters input in the station preparation module include: station name, aiming point name , Number of rounds, number of directions, 2C difference, index difference, round difference. 3. A kind of internal and external field integration system based on dam three-dimensional forward intersection measurement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the field raw data organized by the data preprocessing module is stored in the form of Excel electronic observation handbook . 4. A kind of internal and external industry integration system based on dam three-dimensional forward intersection survey as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the system data information that described data management query module preserves and inquires comprises: observation date, post-adjustment Result, attribute information. 5. A kind of internal and external industry integration system based on dam three-dimensional forward intersection measurement as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the system data output by the output module includes: electronic manual, adjustment form, statistical analysis form , plane displacement vector diagram, vertical displacement vector diagram, process line diagram. 6. A kind of internal and external industry integration system based on dam three-dimensional forward intersection measurement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the adjustment of described plane coordinates and the adjustment of elevation, the calculation specific method is as follows: Step 1: Perform addition constant correction, multiplication constant correction, meteorological correction, projection correction, cycle correction, and tilt correction on the slope distance value of the point to be measured to obtain the corrected horizontal distance value; Step 2: Use the corrected horizontal distance value obtained in step 1 to calculate the corrected value of the spherical air difference at the point to be measured; Utilize the corrected horizontal distance value obtained in step 1 to calculate the plane coordinate correction value of the point to be measured; Step 3: Calculate the elevation of the point to be measured according to the vertical angle of the observation station, the elevation of the reference point of the observation station, and the balloon difference correction value of the point to be measured; According to the plane coordinate correction value of the point to be measured, calculate the plane coordinate unit weight center error; Step 4: Calculate the round-trip difference of the elevation of the point to be measured, set the threshold of the round-trip difference, if the round-trip difference of the elevation of the point to be measured is less than the set threshold, end the calculation of the adjustment of the point to be measured, if the round-trip difference of the elevation of the point to be measured If it is greater than the set threshold, re-measure the point to be measured; Set the error threshold of the plane coordinate unit weight. If the error value of the plane coordinate unit weight of the point to be measured is less than the set threshold, the adjustment calculation of the point to be measured will end; if the error of the unit weight of the point to be measured is greater than the set value threshold, re-measure the point to be measured.

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