CN109000625A - For circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system and method - Google Patents
For circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109000625A CN109000625A CN201810509599.XA CN201810509599A CN109000625A CN 109000625 A CN109000625 A CN 109000625A CN 201810509599 A CN201810509599 A CN 201810509599A CN 109000625 A CN109000625 A CN 109000625A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind to be used for circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system and method, and before caisson sinking construction, four target prisms are arranged at 30 centimetres to the 50 centimetres positions in lower section at the top of tube wall on the outside of the open caisson；The setting of No. 3 total stations is other than the three times settling height of distance construction scene in inbuilt known coordinate observation pier, rearscope is arranged in the measurement point of known coordinate, No. 1 is respectively provided on two automatic leveling pedestal machines, No. 2 total stations, and No. 1 total station can observe No. 1 by leveling pedestal machine setting automatically respectively at the construction field (site), on the moveable measurement observation platform of No. 4 target prisms, No. 2 total stations can observe No. 2 by leveling pedestal machine setting automatically respectively at the construction field (site), on the moveable measurement observation platform of No. 3 target prisms, the posture that open caisson constantly sinks is measured by the mating prism and target prism observed on rearscope and total station, and output signal is transferred to computer input signal end, computer and the operation of application program controlling total station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind to be used for open caisson automatic measurement system and method, specially a kind of to be used for circular open caisson sinking appearance
State automatic measurement system and method.
Background technique
Well foundation is a kind of pattern with the underground structure of drop shaft sinking construction and deep foundation.Production scale is not in recent years
Disconnected to expand, construction technology is rapidly developed, and open caisson construction method has been increasingly becoming various underground industrial buildings in embedment soil layer
With a kind of important form of civil air defense constructions and installations building enclosure, it is widely used in the every field of urban construction.In open caisson construction,
Due to difference, open caisson construction region soil layer complexity and the layer-by-layer concatenation construction of open caisson of caisson structure etc., circular open caisson exists
The problems such as often generating displacement, inclination during sinking construction, rotating and is super heavy.The matter of entire engineering is influenced whether when serious
Amount and periphery construction of structures safety, therefore, during open caisson is in sinking construction must position to open caisson and posture carry out
Monitoring, guarantee open caisson can it is safe and accurate, rapidly sink to design position.How to avoid these problems or by this
A little issue handlings will be the key that open caisson construction success or failure in the budding stage.
The positioning measurement of open caisson mainly includes well body in-plane displancement, rotation, the measurement of verticality and sinking absolute altitude.Verticality
Measurement mainly control well body sinking posture, prevents inclination and offset, and the method for measurement is more, common are following several
Kind:
(1) theodolite directly observe in collimation method: marked on vertical shaft and vertically and horizontally intersect middle line, theodolite is erected at vertical
In straight and horizontal line traffic control stake, center line is directly observed.This method is simple, at low cost most widely used；
(2) using level measurement well body angle point or middle line endpoints elevation, and the tilt angle of well body is extrapolated；
(3) vertical line ball: marking center line on the borehole wall, and right sphere is suspended on position of center line, is surveyed using steel ruler
The offset of right sphere is measured, and calculates its gradient.
The measurement of sinking absolute altitude mainly controls well body deflection.It is measured usually using level, datum mark arrangement
Outside 3 times of ranges of well body submergence depth, not by the stability region of construction infection, and observation point is set in well body.
Above-mentioned conventional measuring methods method is relatively simple, at low cost, manually carries out real-time measurement according to project progress, generally
For middle-size and small-size open caisson positioning measurement.For construction environment complexity, construction precision is more demanding and has reserving hole to position
Special sinking well engineering, conventional means are difficult to meet construction demand, and there are heavy workload, information content is small, the degree of automation is low, multi-section
The disadvantage of door information sharing difficulty, it is difficult to adapt to authorities, construction department, management department tripartite cooperate jointly and mutually supervise
Construction mechanism.
Currently, the upgrading of many Open caisson construction technologies and the requirement of construction speed efficiency are gradually attempted to survey using automatic
Amount method such as carries out automatic positioning measurement using the differential position based on GPS, also there is the full mistake using photogrammetric technology
Journey displacement monitoring.The former requirement with higher for construction environment, cannot block GPS signal in the construction process, be erected at
GPS receiver is easily impaired during caisson sinking construction at the top of open caisson, in addition GPS higher cost；For photogrammetric skill
For art, also there is very high requirement to architectural environment, the requirement to data acquisition is very high, data volume is big, system maintenance is difficult etc. lacks
Point.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly to provide that a kind of easy to operate to can apply to circular open caisson automatic to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency
Measuring system and method do real-time monitoring to the posture of the well body during well sinking, obtain open caisson well body quadrangle height difference,
Center displacement, rotation, slope and fall rate.There is provided correction scheme for unit in charge of construction provides foundation in time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme is that a kind of survey automatically for circular open caisson sinking posture
Amount system, comprising: computer and application program, three total station, the mating prisms on total station, backsight for automatic measurement
Prism, two automatic leveling pedestal machines, moveable measurement observation platform, multiple target prisms being fixed on open caisson wall, address
No. 1,2 is arranged at 30 centimetres to the 50 centimetres positions in lower section at the top of tube wall on the outside of the open caisson before caisson sinking construction in communication device
Number, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms；No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms be separately positioned on four direction center vertical line positions of open caisson
And the same horizontal position is kept, inbuilt known coordinate is arranged other than the three times settling height of distance construction scene in No. 1 total station
In observation pier, rearscope is arranged in the measurement point of known coordinate, is respectively provided with No. 1, No. 2 on two automatic leveling pedestal machines
Total station, and No. 1 total station can observe No. 1, No. 4 target prism by leveling pedestal machine setting automatically respectively at the construction field (site)
On moveable measurement observation platform, No. 2 total stations can observe No. 2, No. 3 by leveling pedestal machine setting automatically respectively at the construction field (site)
On the moveable measurement observation platform of target prism, address communication device is arranged on three total stations, is arranged on computer interface
Network communication device when total station works, is measured by the mating prism and target prism observed on rearscope and total station
The posture that open caisson constantly sinks, the three-dimensional coordinate of verticality, displacement, rotation and each prism including well body, three total stations will
Output signal turns the input signal end that wireless communication transmissions equipment is transferred to computer, computer and application by RS232 serial ports
The operation of process control total station.
Described No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms are separately positioned on the outside of open caisson and hang down in the blade foot of lower section at the top of tube wall
The same horizontal position of line, No. 1, No. 2 target prisms be in north-south, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms be in East and West direction, by No. 1, No. 2,3
Number, the three-dimensional coordinates of No. 4 target prisms by computer program converse open caisson posture determine open caisson in construction quadrangle height difference,
Center displacement and slope.
A kind of application is used for the measurement method of circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system, using automatic measurement system,
Deviation and its posture of the open caisson physical location relative to Sinking Well Design center line are obtained in real time, are that open caisson sinks in strict accordance with design
Route provides important manufacture bases, and in place, this method includes following step for the accurate sinking of the quality and open caisson that guarantee open caisson construction
It is rapid:
Step 1, computer booting opens automatic measurement system, and imports bench mark data, program parameter data, completes
Study between each survey station and target point, 3# total station carries out starting orientation and benchmark by rearscope on base station measuring point
Point checks, and sights 1# total station and 2# total station top prism on work survey station measuring point on work station measuring point and carries out work survey station reality
Shi Dingwei；
Step 2 first sights rearscope using No. 3 total stations of computer and application driven, then sights No. 1 entirely
It stands instrument, target prisms above No. 2 total stations, carries out change face measurement, complete No. 3 total stations to No. 1 total station, No. 2 total stations
Orientation, the transmitting of the data of range information, the work of No. 3 total stations completes；No. 1 is respectively driven entirely using computer and application program
It stands the prism that instrument, No. 2 total station rotating lens search on No. 3 total stations, after being at this time defaulted as the prism on No. 3 total stations
Depending on going to the target prism on open caisson direction search open caisson outer wall after completing azimuthal orientation, and complete according to application setting 1
Instrument of standing successively aims at and fixes No. 1 target prism on position, No. 4 target prisms on measurement open caisson outer wall；Set No. 2 total stations successively
It aims at and fixes No. 2 target prisms on position, No. 3 target prisms on measurement open caisson outer wall, change face measurement is carried out, by measuring
To with four target prisms oblique distance, level angle, vertical angle and be conveyed into computer；
Step 3 is calculated four target prism three-dimensional coordinates by computer and application program, and utilizes four mesh
It marks the coordinate of prism point and pre-enters the prism Geometric correction constant progress coordinate transformation of computer and application program, sunk
The absolute altitude and coordinate of four blade foots of well；Computer and application program automatically with pre-enter in system in Sinking Well Design axis data
The point coordinate and the lower four target prisms of original state of equal absolute altitudes distribution are compared calculating with the constant of blade foot height difference, obtain this
When open caisson four blade foots height difference and and design blade foot center position deviation, that is, open caisson quadrangle height difference, center displacement,
Inclination, i.e., last measurement result.
In step 3, the coordinate for utilizing four target prism points and the prism for pre-entering computer and application program
Geometric correction constant carries out coordinate transformation, obtains the absolute altitude and coordinate of four blade foots of open caisson method particularly includes: sinks at the beginning of the open caisson and applies
Before work, by determining on first segment open caisson four to four new target prisms progress automatic measurements are installed on first segment open caisson
The geometrical relationship constant with open caisson posture of target prism；Four target prisms are calculated by computer and application program
Three-dimensional coordinate is calculated using the blade foot height difference of the open caisson bottom of four target prism points, calculates four target ribs of open caisson
Mirror and the correction constant of blade foot height difference obtain open caisson quadrangle height difference correction constant, carry out rib using the coordinate of four target prism points
Mirror plane Geometric center coordinates calculate, computer and application program automatically with the actual measurement planar central coordinate for the system that pre-enters into
Row calculates, and obtains prism planes geometric center displacement correction constant, locks the geometrical relationship of prism and open caisson；According to four prisms
Altimeter calculates each prism and the height difference constant of blade foot obtains inclination of open caisson geometric constant.
Using upper section is set, the coordinate of eight target prism points on lower section open caisson carries out the target prisms of two sections up and down
Coordinate quadrangle height difference calculates two-by-two, and the target prism vertical line for obtaining upper and lower two section is poor, and computer and application program are automatically and in advance
Four target prisms are saved under open caisson in input system and the correction of blade foot height difference is calculated, and obtain four target prisms of section
With the height difference correction of four blade foots of open caisson；Lower section prism planes geometry is carried out using the coordinate of four target prism points of lower section
Centre coordinate calculates, and computer and application program are calculated with the lower pitch plane centre coordinate for the system that pre-enters automatically, obtained
It is carried out in upper section prism planes geometry to lower section prism planes Geometric correction number, and using the coordinate of four target prism points of upper section
Scheming is calculated, and computer and application program are calculated with the upper pitch plane centre coordinate for the system that pre-enters automatically, obtains lower section
Prism planes Geometric correction number, is calculated automatically by computer and application program, and it is normal to obtain final prism planes Geometric correction
Number coordinate；And the inclination angle of both direction is calculated using quadrangle height difference.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have the following advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that
The present invention carries out automatic measurement by using a stage fiducial station total station and two work station observation total stations and adopts
With wireless communication mode, solves the limitation that work observation station is necessarily placed at other than three times deflection distance, pass through benchmark
Stand total station transmitting coordinate to the observation station that works, along with the mobility of work observation station and by flattening pedestal automatically
Using solve as construction reason cause instrument level frame rhetoric question caused by the out-of-flatness of place inscribe, avoid due to construct operating condition
The limitation of place caused by reason and observation station not intervisibility problem, advantage is particularly evident in the sinking well engineering that merogenesis repeatedly sinks, by
It can control in backsight point and the distance for turning website, preferably can control short side using long side in measurement process.It is reducing
Survey crew's human cost, the labor intensity for reducing measurement work can more improve the working efficiency and measurement accuracy of measurement simultaneously,
The working efficiency and construction quality for improving open caisson construction, by the real-time measurement and Data Analysis Services of this automatic measurement system,
The posture of real-time display open caisson and the deviation of design facilitate the next step Construction Decision of project construction side, to finally guarantee
The open caisson can smoothly sink to the design position for meeting specification.Base station can lay the station zone of influence according to practice of construction field condition
It is overseas, improve the stability and precision of data.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is of the invention for circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is of the invention for circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system floor map；
Fig. 3 is of the invention for circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system work flow diagram；
Fig. 4 is initial target prism positioning work flow diagram；
Fig. 5 is upper and lower program mark prism conversion work flow chart；
In Fig. 1: rearscope 1；Moveable measurement observation platform 2；RS232 serial ports turns wireless communication transmissions equipment (sub- box) 3；
Automatic leveling pedestal machine 4；Y line cable 5；12V DC mobile power source 6；SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) 7；The top of total station
Prism 8；No. 1 target prism 9；No. 2 target prisms 10；No. 3 target prisms 11；No. 4 target prisms 12；(No. 2 complete for SRX1 total station
Stand instrument) 13；Industrial computer 14；Serial port connecting wire 15；RS232 serial ports turns wireless communication transmissions equipment (female box) 16；SRX1 is complete
It stands instrument (No. 3 total stations) 17.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to attached drawing, invention is further described in detail.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, a kind of to be used for circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system, comprising: computer and to apply work
Have the softwares such as VB or EXCEL or Access, three total stations for being used for automatic measurement, wherein one is base station total station, two
Turn wireless communication for matched top prism 8, rearscope 1, a set of RS232 serial ports on work survey station total station, total station and pass
The automatic leveling pedestal machines 4 of transfer device 3, two, moveable measurement observation platform 2, Y line cable 5, serial port connecting wire 19,220V power supply,
12V mobile power source 6 and multiple target prisms being fixed on open caisson wall.
Before caisson sinking construction, No. 1,2 are set at 30 centimetres to the 50 centimetres positions in lower section at the top of tube wall on the outside of the open caisson
Number, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms 9,10,11,12；No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms 9,10,11,12 be separately positioned on open caisson
Four direction center vertical line positions and keep the same horizontal position, the setting of No. 3 total stations 17 is settled in distance construction scene three times
Other than height in inbuilt observation pier, rearscope 1 is arranged in the measurement point of known coordinate, two automatic leveling pedestal machines 4
On be respectively provided with No. 1, No. 2 total stations 7,13, and No. 1 total station 7 can be divided at the construction field (site) by leveling pedestal machine 4 setting automatically
Guan Ce not be on the moveable measurement observation platform 2 of No. 1, No. 4 target prism 9,12, No. 2 total stations 13 by flattening pedestal machine 4 automatically
It is arranged on the moveable measurement observation platform 2 that can observe No. 2, No. 3 target prisms 10,11 respectively at the construction field (site), address communication dress
It installs on three total stations, network communication device is set on computer interface, when total station works, by observing backsight rib
The posture that matched top prism 8 and target prism measurement open caisson constantly sink on mirror 1 and total station, including the vertical of well body
It spends, be displaced, rotating and the three-dimensional coordinate of each prism, three total stations turn output signal by RS232 serial ports to wirelessly communicate biography
Transfer device is transferred to the input signal end of computer, the operation of computer and application program controlling total station.
No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms 9,10,11,12 be separately positioned on the blade foot of lower section at the top of tube wall on the outside of open caisson
The same horizontal position of perpendicular bisector, No. 1, No. 3 target prisms 9,11 be in north-south, No. 2, No. 4 target prisms 10,12 be in thing
To conversing open caisson posture by computer program by the three-dimensional coordinate of No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 target prism 9,10,11,12
Determine open caisson quadrangle height difference, center displacement and slope in construction.
Embodiment one:
As shown in figure 3, the application method of open caisson automatic measurement system is as follows:
By automatic measurement system, can obtain in real time open caisson physical location relative to the deviation of Sinking Well Design center line and its
Posture provides important manufacture bases in strict accordance with design sinking route for open caisson, guarantees the quality of open caisson construction and the standard of open caisson
Really sink in place, method includes the following steps:
Step 1 is completed each surveys (turning) total station of stand and is set up, rearscope erection, the erection of target prism.Computer booting
Automatic measurement system is opened, bench mark data, program parameter data import, the study between each survey station and target point is completed,
SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 carries out starting orientation by rearscope 1 on base station measuring point and datum mark checks, and sights
SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) 7 and 13 top of SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) on work survey station measuring point on work station measuring point
Prism carries out work survey station and positions in real time.
Step 2 first sights rearscope 1 using this system driven by program SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17, then
SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13,7 top target prism of SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) are sighted, change face survey is carried out
Amount.It completes SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 and arrives SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13, SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station)
7 orientation, the transmitting of the data of range information, the work of SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 are completed.Distinguished using this system program
SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13, SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) 7 rotating lens is driven to search for SRX1 total station (No. 3
Total station) 17 top prisms 8, SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 top prisms 8 are defaulted as backsight at this time, complete orientation
The target prism on open caisson direction search open caisson outer wall is gone to after orientation, and (No. 1 complete according to system program setting SRX1 total station
Stand instrument) it 7 successively aims at and fixes 9, No. 4 target prisms 12 of No. 1 target prism on position on measurement open caisson outer wall.Set SRX1 whole station
Instrument (No. 2 total stations) 13 successively aims at and fixes 10, No. 3 target prisms 11 of No. 2 target prisms on position on measurement open caisson outer wall.Into
The measurement of row change face, is obtained by measurement and the oblique distance of four target prisms, level angle, vertical angle and transmits computer.
Step 3, system by program be calculated target prism three-dimensional coordinate (X1, Y1, Z1), (X2, Y2, Z2), (X3,
Y3, Z3) and (X4, Y4, Z4).Program is changed using the coordinate of four target prism points with the prism geometry for pre-entering system program
Normal number carries out coordinate transformation, so that it may obtain the absolute altitude and coordinate of four blade foots of open caisson.System program can automatically in advance it is defeated
Enter the point coordinate and the lower four target prisms of original state and blade foot height of equal absolute altitudes distribution in Sinking Well Design axis data in system
Difference constant be compared calculatings, obtain four blade foots of open caisson at this time height difference and with design blade foot center position it is inclined
Difference is open caisson quadrangle height difference, center displacement, inclination, i.e., last Measurement results.
Embodiment two:
As shown in figure 4, the measurement of target prism and constant obtain the application method of automatic measurement system under open caisson original state
It is as follows:
Before heavy construction at the beginning of open caisson, by carrying out automatic measurements to the new target prisms of installation four on first segment open caisson,
It determines the geometrical relationship constant with open caisson posture of four target prisms on first segment open caisson, is that open caisson sinks in strict accordance with design
Route provides important manufacture bases, and in place, this method includes following step for the accurate sinking of the quality and open caisson that guarantee open caisson construction
It is rapid:
Step 1 is completed each surveys (turning) total station of stand and is set up, rearscope erection, the erection of target prism.Computer booting
Automatic measurement system is opened, bench mark data, program parameter data are led.Complete the study between each survey station and target point, base
SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 carries out self poisoning by rearscope 1 on the measuring point of quasi- station, and SRX1 is complete on work station measuring point
Instrument (No. 1 total station) 7 of standing makees backsight with SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 top prisms 8 and carries out self poisoning.Survey station measuring point
Upper SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13 carries out itself as backsight with SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 top prisms 8 and determines
Position.
Step 2 first sights rearscope 1 using this system driven by program SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17, then
SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13, SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) 7 top prisms 8 are sighted, change face measurement is carried out.It is complete
At the side of SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 to SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13, SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) 7
The data transmitting of position, range information, the work of SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 are completed.It is respectively driven using this system program
SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13, SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) 7 rotating lens search for SRX1 total station (No. 3 whole stations
Instrument) prism on 17, the prism on SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 is defaulted as backsight at this time, after completing azimuthal orientation
The target prism on open caisson direction search open caisson outer wall is gone to, and SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) 7 is set according to system program
It successively aims at and fixes No. 4 target prisms 12 of the target prism 9 of position 1 and lower section on measurement open caisson outer wall, set SRX1 total station
(No. 2 total stations) 13 successively aims at and fixes the target prism 10 and No. 3 target prism 11 of position 2 on measurement open caisson outer wall.It carries out
Change face measurement, by measuring the oblique distance for obtaining four target prisms, level angle, vertical angle and transmitting computer.
Step 3, system by program be calculated four target prism three-dimensional coordinates (X1, Y1, Z1), (X2, Y2, Z2),
(X3, Y3, Z3), (X4, Y4, Z4), open caisson quadrangle height difference correct constant: program utilizes the open caisson bottom of four target prism points
Blade foot height difference is calculated, so that it may calculate the correction constant of open caisson four target prisms and blade foot height difference, prism planes geometry
Center displacement correction constant: program carries out the calculating of prism planes Geometric center coordinates using the coordinate of four target prism points, is
System program can be calculated with the actual measurement planar central coordinate for the system that pre-enters automatically, obtain the displacement of prism planes geometric center
It corrects constant (△ X, △ Y), locks the geometrical relationship of prism and open caisson.Inclination of open caisson geometric constant: according to the elevation of four prisms
Calculate the height difference constant of each prism and blade foot.
Embodiment three:
As shown in figure 5, constant automatic measurement system is corrected in program mark prism conversion relay measurement and acquirement to open caisson up and down
Application method is as follows:
In more piece open caisson construction, in place due to lower section well sinking, the target prism positioned at lower section is due to construction reason
It cannot be used continuously, section relay measurement up and down is carried out so to go up section open caisson and install four new target prisms, by upper and lower
The automatic translocation of program mark prism obtains the relationship constant of upper program mark prism and open caisson posture, is open caisson in strict accordance under design
Heavy route provides important manufacture bases, and in place, this method includes following for the accurate sinking of the quality and open caisson that guarantee open caisson construction
Step:
Step 1 is completed each surveys (turning) total station of stand and is set up, rearscope erection, the erection of target prism.Computer booting
Automatic measurement system is opened, bench mark data, program parameter data import.The study between each survey station and target point is completed,
Turn SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 on the measuring point of station and passes through the progress self poisoning of rearscope 1, SRX1 whole station on survey station measuring point
Instrument (No. 1 total station) 7 makees backsight with SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 top prisms 8 and carries out self poisoning.On survey station measuring point
SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13 makees backsight with SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 top prisms 8 and carries out self poisoning.
Step 2 first sights rearscope 1 using this system driven by program SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17, then
SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13,7 top target prism of SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) are sighted, change face survey is carried out
Amount.It completes SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 and arrives SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13, SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station)
7 orientation, the transmitting of the data of range information, the work of SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 are completed.Distinguished using this system program
SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13, SRX1 total station (No. 1 total station) 7 rotating lens is driven to search for SRX1 total station (No. 3
Total station) 17 top prisms 8, SRX1 total station (No. 3 total stations) 17 top prisms 8 are defaulted as backsight at this time, complete orientation
The target prism on open caisson direction search open caisson outer wall is gone to after orientation, and (No. 1 complete according to system program setting SRX1 total station
Stand instrument) it 7 successively aims to fix on measurement open caisson outer wall and saves No. 1 target prism 9, No. 1 target prism 9 of upper section and lower section 4 under position
Number No. 4 target prism 12, upper section target prisms 12.Setting SRX1 total station (No. 2 total stations) 13 successively aims at outside measurement open caisson
Section No. 2 target prisms 10, No. 3 No. 3 target prisms 11 of No. 2 target prisms 10 of upper section and lower section, upper section mesh under position are fixed on wall
Mark prism 11.Change face measurement is carried out, oblique distance, the horizontal angle of target prism (four pairs total) two-by-two are obtained up and down by measuring
Degree, vertical angle simultaneously transmit computer.
Eight target prism three-dimensional coordinates (under X1, under Y1, under Z1), (X2 are calculated by program in step 3, system
Under, under Y2, under Z2), (under X3, under Y3, under Z3), (under X4, under Y4, under Z4), (on X1, on Y1, on Z1), (on X2, on Y2,
On Z2), (on X3, on Y3, on Z3), (on X4, on Y4, on Z4).Upper section open caisson quadrangle height difference corrects constant: program utilizes eight
The coordinate of target prism point carries out the target prism coordinate quadrangle height difference calculating two-by-two of two sections up and down, so that it may obtain two sections up and down
Target prism vertical line it is poor.System program can save four target prisms and blade foot height difference with pre-entering in system automatically under open caisson
Correction calculated, obtain the height difference correction of four blade foots of four target prisms of section and open caisson.Prism planes are several
What center displacement correction constant: program carries out lower section prism planes geometric center using the coordinate of four target prism points of lower section and sits
Mark calculates, and system program can be calculated with the lower pitch plane centre coordinate for the system that pre-enters automatically, and it is flat to obtain lower section prism
Face Geometric correction number (under △ X, under △ Y).Design program carries out upper section prism using the coordinate of four target prism points of upper section and puts down
Face geometric center calculates, and system program can be calculated automatically with the upper pitch plane centre coordinate for the system that pre-enters, be obtained down
It saves prism planes Geometric correction number (on △ X, on △ Y).It is calculated automatically by system program, obtains final prism planes geometry
It corrects constant coordinate (under △ X on-△ X, under △ Y on-△ Y).Inclination of open caisson geometric constant: program is calculated using quadrangle height difference
The inclination angle a1 of both direction, a2, north and south tilt constant: two section prism height difference of (under △ X on-△ X) ± sina1* or more, thing
Tilt constant: two section prism height difference of (under △ Y on-△ Y) ± sina2* or more.
Example IV:
By taking certain city huge port water factory one phase water intake engineering engineering as an example.The a little upper pipe working wells of the engineering are two C30 waterproof steel
Muscle concrete circular open caisson, outer diameter 17.6m, total sinking height 38.5m, using non-drainage subsidence.Since two push pipe well spacings are from close, most
Small spacing is only 15.2m, and submergence depth reaches 38.2m, the outer back gauge road of eastern line push pipe well only 14.9m.Two open caisson low coverages
The problem of interfering with each other necessarily is brought from construction, two open caisson change in displacement trend and lower rate need to be observed in time, therefore use this
Method carries out automatic measurement.
Since two open caisson spacing are small, construction site range is also smaller, and two open caissons carry out sinking construction, conventional measurement simultaneously
The measurement of amount method needs frequently to turn station, and the measurement process time is longer each time, and the distance of each survey station is again very short, it cannot be guaranteed that phase
To the relative accuracy of measurement.
While using automatic measurement system, also manual measurement is needed to be checked, to further determine that the excellent of this method
The problems such as disadvantage, precision.
The structure and computer and application tool of automatic measurement system device of the present invention, the three-dimensional coordinate including front-and rear-view,
Calculate the formula of deviation be for the people of this profession it is fully aware of, the innovation of the invention consists in that the combination of well-known technique,
Wireless communication transmissions equipment is turned using RS232 serial ports and carries out data transmission, a total station transmits coordinate, two total station combinations
The measurement that 4 target prisms are carried out with open caisson posture can increase the distance of data transmission, communication electricity of manually arranging when reducing measurement
The time of cable can greatly accelerate the time and the efficiency that measure work, solve the problems, such as measurement intervisibility.It should be appreciated that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is only used to explain the present invention, is not used to limit invention.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is used for circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system, comprising: computer and application program, three for automatic
The total station of measurement, the mating prism on total station, rearscope, two automatic leveling pedestal machines, moveable measurement observation platform,
Multiple target prisms being fixed on open caisson wall, address communication device, it is characterised in that: before caisson sinking construction, heavy
No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms are set at 30 centimetres to the 50 centimetres positions in lower section at the top of tube wall on the outside of well；No. 1, No. 2,3
Number, No. 4 target prisms be separately positioned on four direction center vertical line positions of open caisson and keep the same horizontal position, No. 3 total stations
Other than the three times settling height of distance construction scene in inbuilt known coordinate observation pier, rearscope is arranged in known seat for setting
In target measurement point, be respectively provided with No. 1, No. 2 total stations on two automatic leveling pedestal machines, and No. 2 total stations pass through it is automatic whole
Flat pedestal machine setting can be observed respectively at the construction field (site) on the moveable measurement observation platform of No. 1, No. 4 target prism, No. 3 total stations
The moveable measurement observation platform of No. 2, No. 3 target prisms can be observed respectively at the construction field (site) by flattening the setting of pedestal machine automatically
On, address communication device is arranged on three total stations, network communication device is set on computer interface, when total station works,
The posture that open caisson constantly sinks, including well body are measured by the mating prism and target prism observed on rearscope and total station
Verticality, displacement, rotation and each prism three-dimensional coordinate, output signal turns wireless by RS232 serial ports by three total stations
Telecommunication transmission equipment is transferred to the input signal end of computer, the operation of computer and application program controlling total station.
2. according to claim 1 be used for circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system, it is characterised in that: described 1
Number, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms be separately positioned on the same level position of the blade foot perpendicular bisector of lower section at the top of tube wall on the outside of open caisson
Set, No. 1, No. 2 target prisms be in north-south, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms be in East and West direction, by No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 target prisms
Three-dimensional coordinate by computer program converse open caisson posture determine open caisson in construction quadrangle height difference, center displacement and tiltedly
Rate.
3. it is a kind of using the measurement method of any of claims 1 or 2 for circular open caisson sinking posture automatic measurement system, it adopts
With automatic measurement system, deviation and its posture of the open caisson physical location relative to Sinking Well Design center line are obtained in real time, are open caisson
There is provided important manufacture bases in strict accordance with design sinking route, guarantee open caisson construction quality and open caisson it is accurate sink in place,
It is characterized by: method includes the following steps:
Step 1, computer booting opens automatic measurement system, and imports bench mark data, program parameter data, completes each survey
The study stood between target point, No. 3 total stations carry out starting orientation and datum mark by rearscope on base station measuring point
It checks, sights No. 1 total station and No. 2 total station top prisms on work survey station measuring point on work station measuring point and carry out work survey station reality
Shi Dingwei；
Step 2 first sights rearscope using No. 3 total stations of computer and application driven, then sight No. 2 total stations,
Target prism above No. 1 total station carries out change face measurement, completes No. 3 total stations to the side of No. 2 total stations, No. 1 total station
The data transmitting of position, range information, 3 total station work are completed；No. 2 whole stations are respectively driven using computer and application program
Instrument, No. 1 total station rotating lens search for the prism on No. 3 total stations, and the prism on No. 3 total stations is defaulted as backsight at this time,
The target prism on open caisson direction search open caisson outer wall is gone to after completing azimuthal orientation, and according to No. 1 whole station of application setting
Instrument successively aims at and fixes No. 1 target prism on position, No. 4 target prisms on measurement open caisson outer wall；No. 2 total stations are set successively to take aim at
No. 2 target prisms on position, No. 3 target prisms are fixed on locating tab assembly open caisson outer wall, carry out change face measurement, are obtained by measurement
With the oblique distances of four target prisms, level angle, vertical angle and be conveyed into computer；
Step 3 is calculated four target prism three-dimensional coordinates by computer and application program, and utilizes four target ribs
The coordinate of mirror point and the prism Geometric correction constant progress coordinate transformation for pre-entering computer and application program, obtain open caisson four
The absolute altitude and coordinate of a blade foot；Computer and application program are marked in Sinking Well Design axis data etc. with pre-entering in system automatically
The point coordinate and the lower four target prisms of original state of height distribution are compared calculating with the constant of blade foot height difference, obtain at this time
The height difference of four blade foots of open caisson and and design blade foot center position deviation, that is, open caisson quadrangle height difference, center displacement, inclination,
I.e. last measurement result.
4. measurement method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step 3, the seat using four target prism points
The prism Geometric correction constant for marking and pre-entering computer and application program carries out coordinate transformation, obtains four blade foots of open caisson
Absolute altitude and coordinate method particularly includes: before heavy construction at the beginning of open caisson, by four new target prisms of installation on first segment open caisson
Automatic measurement is carried out, determines the geometrical relationship constant with open caisson posture of four target prisms on first segment open caisson；Pass through calculating
The three-dimensional coordinate of four target prisms is calculated in machine and application program, utilizes the blade foot of the open caisson bottom of four target prism points
Height difference is calculated, and the correction constant for calculating four target prisms of open caisson and blade foot height difference obtains the correction of open caisson quadrangle height difference often
Number:, the calculating of prism planes Geometric center coordinates is carried out using the coordinate of four target prism points, computer and application program are certainly
The dynamic actual measurement planar central coordinate with the system that pre-enters is calculated, and prism planes geometric center displacement correction constant is obtained,
Lock the geometrical relationship of prism and open caisson；Open caisson is obtained according to the height difference constant that the altimeter of four prisms calculates each prism and blade foot
Tilt geometric constant.
5. measurement method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: utilize eight target prism points being arranged on upper and lower open caisson
Coordinate carry out up and down two sections target prism two-by-two coordinate quadrangle height difference calculate, obtain the target prism vertical line of upper and lower two section
Difference, computer and application program automatically with pre-enter in system under open caisson the correction for saving four target prisms and blade foot height difference
It is calculated, obtains the height difference correction of four blade foots of four target prisms of section and open caisson；Utilize four target ribs of lower section
The coordinate of mirror point carries out lower section prism planes Geometric center coordinates and calculates, and computer and application program are with pre-entering automatically
The lower pitch plane centre coordinate of system is calculated, and obtains lower section prism planes Geometric correction number, and utilize upper four target ribs of section
The coordinate of mirror point carries out the calculating of section prism planes geometric center, and computer and application program are automatically upper with the system that pre-enters
Pitch plane centre coordinate is calculated, and is obtained lower section prism planes Geometric correction number, is counted automatically by computer and application program
It calculates, obtains final prism planes Geometric correction constant coordinate；And the inclination angle of both direction is calculated using quadrangle height difference.
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| CN114216442A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-22 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Settlement displacement measuring method and system |
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| CN114252005B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-06-13 | 广东石油化工学院 | Portable swing monitoring method and device for skyscraper |
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