CN104374378A - Method for observing surface subsidence deformation - Google Patents
Method for observing surface subsidence deformation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104374378A CN104374378A CN201410634583.3A CN201410634583A CN104374378A CN 104374378 A CN104374378 A CN 104374378A CN 201410634583 A CN201410634583 A CN 201410634583A CN 104374378 A CN104374378 A CN 104374378A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- observation
- website
- total powerstation
- observe
- instrument
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for observing surface subsidence deformation by using a total station, belonging to the field of monitoring in coal mining subsidence areas. The method is used for observing ground surface movements and deformation under various geographic and geomorphic conditions, the total station is used for observing, two-observation set observation is adopted during surface measurement, and opposite forward and reverse mirror observation is adopted during height measurement. The observation method is simple, is high in efficiency and reliable in precision and has excellent reference significance for observing the ground surface movements and deformation in the Lu'an mining area and other mining areas.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to monitoring field, mining collapse area, particularly relate to and a kind ofly apply the method that total powerstation carries out subsidence deformation observation.
Background technology
In recent years, along with improving constantly of production practice, coal mining scale also constantly expands, while creating considerable economic benefit, also there is a large amount of mining collapse areas, brought tremendous influence to environment of mining area, and have a strong impact on normal production and the life of Residents in Mining Area, therefore, carry out that subsidence Study on Deformation is under science carries out buildings, under railway, the important leverage of coal mining under water-bodies.
At present, to the research of earth's surface sink deformation mainly by the method for field measurement, set up surface strata movement research station, regularly carry out rock shift observation, by the comprehensive analysis to observational data, find out the affecting laws of various factors to moving process, then use the problem in these rules solution mining subsidence.
Current application is surface strata movement observation procedure the most widely, is to adopt spirit-leveling instrument regularly to carry out the measurement of higher degree to observation station, by the situation of change of different times measuring point elevation, analyzes rule and the feature of earth's surface sink deformation.The method intuitively can show earth's surface sink deformation generation, evolution.But the method also exists a lot of shortcoming, and observation time is long, and efficiency is low, interior industry process is loaded down with trivial details, labour intensity is large.Trigonometric levelling can reduce the labour intensity of field operation to a certain extent, but due to accuracy of observation lower, in common rock shift observation, application is seldom.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly apply the method that total powerstation carries out subsidence deformation observation; for carrying out buildings, railway, coal mining under water-bodies provide in time, observation data accurately, and the protection for buildings, railway, water body provides reliable technical basis.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of method of subsidence deformation observation,
1), preparation is measured
When the reference mark intercommunication at survey line two ends and middle each test point and reference mark sighting condition good when, instrument is set up respectively in the reference mark at survey line two ends;
When survey line sighting condition is bad, in the middle of survey line, erection turns website, turns website and is located at front and back sighting condition well, and the position that face of adopting, distance down-hole advances progress line far away, described turns website erection tripod, strict centering leveling;
2), plane surveying
Application total powerstation carries out surface strata movement observation, and observe two survey time, instrument strictly flattens, and adopts the method for reciprocal observation to observe, and every an observation in hour air pressure, a temperature, input total powerstation, ensures that total powerstation carries out othermohygrometer correction in real time;
When setting turns website, turning website erection total powerstation forced centering tripod, strict centering leveling, adopts the method for forced centering to observe;
3), the measurement of higher degree
Synchronously carry out with plane surveying, application total powerstation is observed, and adopt subtend trigonometric leveling, observed range is no more than 1200mm, and inclination angle is no more than 30 °;
Turn website apart from arranging time long, when inclination angle is excessive, position number number of times should be increased; Forward and backwardly observe board as sighting target depending on all adopting, just adopting, reversing face observes, instrument height, surveyor's beacon are high to measure from three directions, average as instrument height and surveyor's beacon high;
4), data processing
By the data of collecting, computing machine is adopted to process.
Compared with the sink deformation observation procedure of traditional earth's surface, the present invention is applicable to the surface movement and deformation observation under various geographic and geomorphic conditions, also good applicability is had when more for a varied topography, barrier, observation procedure is simple, efficiency is high, precision is reliable, carries out surface movement and deformation observation work have good reference to mining area.The present invention, for the development and change accurately grasping mining collapse area, mining area, formulates protectiveness technical measures in time, alleviates mining area workers and peasants' contradiction, improves mining area ecological environment and have great importance.
Embodiment
Under middle each measuring point and the good condition of reference mark sighting condition when the mutual intervisibility in reference mark at survey line two ends, the method for reciprocal observation can be adopted to observe, namely on the reference mark at survey line two ends, set up instrument respectively, carry out round reciprocal observation.Specific practice is: be erected at by total powerstation on the reference mark A of line of observation one end, backsight mining area trigpoint or fixed target, forward sight sights the prism on the reference mark B of the other end, records B point coordinate and orientation, meanwhile, also can check the stability at survey line reference mark.On this basis, total powerstation is threaded to the direction of design survey line, horizontal dial is made zero, then carries out the observation work of work measuring point, measure the flat distance of each measuring point, offset distance and the discrepancy in elevation; Also can not carry out horizontal dial zero, and directly observe the planimetric coordinates of each measuring point, when late time data process, then naturalization is to flat distance, the offset distance on line direction.After A station observation terminates, instrument stand is located at B station, sight A station, observation procedure is identical.
When survey line sighting condition bad must erection turn website in the middle of the survey line time, be improve accuracy of observation, before and after selecting as far as possible, sighting condition is all better, and face of adopting, distance down-hole advances progress line position far away to establish turns website.Owing to turning website both as aiming point, again as instrument station, utilize the time longer, therefore, turning website should set up tripod, and the leveling of strict centering, adopt the method for forced centering to observe.Arrange multiple when turning website, observation procedure is all the same.
During concrete measurement,
1), plane surveying
Application precision is not less than 2, and " level total powerstation carries out surface strata movement observation, and the method for two survey time of observation is observed.Require that instrument strictly flattens, and adopt the method for reciprocal observation to observe, every an observation in hour air pressure, a temperature, input total powerstation in time, ensure that total powerstation carries out othermohygrometer correction in real time.When setting turns website, turning website erection total powerstation forced centering tripod, and the leveling of strict centering;
2), the measurement of higher degree
Application precision is not less than 2, and " total powerstation of level carries out observing (usually with plane surveying synchronously carry out), and employing subtend trigonometric leveling, observed range is no more than 1200mm, and inclination angle is no more than 30 °.Turn website apart from arranging time long, when inclination angle is excessive, position number number of times should be increased.Forward and backwardly observe board as sighting target depending on all adopting, just adopting, reversing face observes, instrument height, surveyor's beacon are high to measure from three directions, average as instrument height and surveyor's beacon high;
3), data processing
Application total powerstation system carries adjustment Software, exports data, also can directly transfer in computing machine, then be further processed observation data on this basis after carrying out air pressure, temperature, the correction of Atmosphere Refraction equal error.Application total powerstation carries out rock shift observation, has fieldwork observation speed fast, the advantages such as office work management is easy, overcomes optical theodolite reading in routine measurement, deficiency that steel ruler range finding equal error is larger.
Claims (1)
1. a method for subsidence deformation observation, is characterized in that:
1), preparation is measured
When the reference mark intercommunication at survey line two ends and middle each test point and reference mark sighting condition good when, instrument is set up respectively in the reference mark at survey line two ends;
When survey line sighting condition is bad, in the middle of survey line, erection turns website, turns website and is located at front and back sighting condition well, and the position that face of adopting, distance down-hole advances progress line far away, described turns website erection tripod, strict centering leveling;
2), plane surveying
Application total powerstation carries out surface strata movement observation, and observe two survey time, instrument strictly flattens, and adopts the method for reciprocal observation to observe, and every an observation in hour air pressure, a temperature, input total powerstation, ensures that total powerstation carries out othermohygrometer correction in real time;
When setting turns website, turning website erection total powerstation forced centering tripod, strict centering leveling, adopts the method for forced centering to observe;
3), the measurement of higher degree
Synchronously carry out with plane surveying, application total powerstation is observed, and adopt subtend trigonometric leveling, observed range is no more than 1200mm, and inclination angle is no more than 30 °;
Turn website apart from arranging time long, when inclination angle is excessive, position number number of times should be increased;
Forward and backwardly observe board as sighting target depending on all adopting, just adopting, reversing face observes, instrument height, surveyor's beacon are high to measure from three directions, average as instrument height and surveyor's beacon high;
4), data processing
By the data of collecting, computing machine is adopted to process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410634583.3A CN104374378A (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2014-11-12 | Method for observing surface subsidence deformation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410634583.3A CN104374378A (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2014-11-12 | Method for observing surface subsidence deformation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104374378A true CN104374378A (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410634583.3A Pending CN104374378A (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2014-11-12 | Method for observing surface subsidence deformation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105509710A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-20 | 天津市大地海陆岩土工程技术开发有限公司 | Detection method for ground surface settlement |
| CN113252002A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-13 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Full-net type interpenetration small-mesh combined monitoring method for surface rock movement in metal ore mining |
| CN113551643A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-26 | 中冀建勘集团有限公司 | River-crossing leveling method and system |
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| US4471530A (en) * | 1982-09-21 | 1984-09-18 | Kalman Floor Company | Apparatus and method of measuring surface heights |
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2014
- 2014-11-12 CN CN201410634583.3A patent/CN104374378A/en active Pending
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| JP2004212107A (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Pasuko:Kk | Creation method of surface layer sectional drawing of building |
| CN101158579A (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2008-04-09 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Land area multilevel accuracy digital automatic measuring technology |
| CN101776446A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-07-14 | 北京林业大学 | Method for determining three-dimensional coordinate of point that can not each by nondirectional transverse poles matching with total station |
| CN102313538A (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-01-11 | 上海地矿工程勘察有限公司 | Prism-free surface settlement level monitoring method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105509710A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-20 | 天津市大地海陆岩土工程技术开发有限公司 | Detection method for ground surface settlement |
| CN113252002A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-13 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Full-net type interpenetration small-mesh combined monitoring method for surface rock movement in metal ore mining |
| CN113551643A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-26 | 中冀建勘集团有限公司 | River-crossing leveling method and system |
| CN113551643B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-09-09 | 中冀建勘集团有限公司 | River-crossing leveling method and system |
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Application publication date: 20150225 |
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