CN102278970B - Technique for monitoring positioning and deformation based on angular distance difference of total station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a technique for monitoring positioning and deformation based on the angular distance difference of a total station. In the technique disclosed by the invention, the total station is used as a data acquisition tool; the average distance error rate per unit and the average angle error rate per unit are solved by utilizing an angular distance difference method according to the known distance and known angle of a fixed point and the measuring distance and measuring angle obtained by actual measurement; the actual distance and angle of a monitoring point after being modified are obtained according to the error distribution of the observation distance and angular dimension of the monitoring point; the monitoring point coordinates obtained by observation for first time are used as initial coordinates according to the accurate coordinates of the monitoring point obtained by the coordinates of the fixed point; and the deformation conditions of the monitoring point are judged by comparing the monitoring point coordinates of the observation for each time with the initial coordinates, thus a reliable deformation degree can be obtained and the accuracy level of the monitoring method is greatly improved.

Description

A kind of location technology for deformation monitoring based on angular distance difference of total station

One, technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of deformation monitoring, particularly a kind of location technology for deformation monitoring based on angular distance difference of total station.

Two, background technology

Up to the present, deformation monitoring method is mainly made a general reference the means such as Ground Nuclear Magnetic Resonance monitoring technology, photogrammetric survey method and GPS monitoring system.

1. ground surface monitoring method mainly refer to high precision measuring instrument (such as transit, stadimeter, spirit-leveling instrument, total powerstation etc.) take measurement of an angle, the variation of the length of side and elevation measures distortion, they are Main Means of present deformation monitoring.

2. measure the distortion of engineering works, structures, sliding mass etc. with the ground photogrammetric survey method, around deformable body, select exactly stable point, settle video camera at these aspects, and deformable body photographed, then process two dimension or the three-dimensional coordinate that obtains impact point on the deformable body by interior industry measurement and data, the relatively more different constantly coordinates of impact points obtain their displacement.But the photogrammetric survey method cost is higher, and measurement result is unreliable, is not suitable for accurate deformation monitoring.

3. GPS and computer technology, data communication technology and data are processed and are carried out integratedly with analytical technology, can realize the robotization from data acquisition, transmission, management to deformation analysis and forecast, reach the purpose of remote online network real-time monitoring.But gps signal is subject to various impacts easily, and it is cumbersome that data are processed, and spends greatlyr, extremely is unfavorable for field work and obtains more fast data.

Three, summary of the invention

The a lot of troubles and inconvenience in deformation monitoring, brought inevitably in order to overcome GPS, RTK technology, increase work efficiency, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly based on angular distance difference of total station location technology for deformation monitoring, it has overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that existing method exists.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: take measurement of an angle and distance take total powerstation as instrument, by the accurate location of angular distance difference realization to monitoring point in the deformation monitoring, judge the deformation of monitoring point, concrete steps are as follows:

1. according to field condition three stable reference point O, A, B being set is known point, and wherein the O point is the survey station point, respectively can with monitoring point S ₁, S ₂... S _nIntervisibility;

2. settle total powerstation at survey station point O, take the A point as orientation point, aiming A point also is set to 0 ° 00 ' 00 with horizontal angle ", measure respectively survey station point O and reference point A, B, monitoring point S with total powerstation _i(i=1,2 ..., the horizontal range D between n) _OA, D _OB,

(i=1,2 ..., n), measure OA and OB, OS _i(i=1,2 ..., the horizontal sextant angle between n)

3. according to known point A (X _A, Y _A), O (X _O, Y _O), B (X _B, Y _B) can calculate the distance L of OA ₀, OB distance L ' ₀, OA and OB horizontal sextant angle β ₀, with the distance B of the actual known point that records _OAAnd D _OBCarry out difference and obtain Δ D _OA=L ₀-D _OAWith Δ D _OB=L ' ₀-D _OB, according to formula $\mathrm{\Δd}=\frac{1}{2}(\mathrm{\Δ}{D}_{\mathrm{OA}}/D_{\mathrm{OA}}+\mathrm{\Δ}{D}_{\mathrm{OB}}/D_{\mathrm{OB}})$ Try to achieve the average per unit distance error rate Δ d of distance, error rate is assigned to the measuring distance D of each monitoring point according to distance length _OSi(i=1,2 ..., n) among, calculate each monitoring point distance correction V _i=D _OSi* Δ d, the distance B of the monitoring point after obtaining at last correcting ' _OSi=D _OSi+ V _i(i=1,2 ..., n);

4. with the OA that records and the horizontal sextant angle β between the OB _AOBWith known level angle β ₀Carry out difference and obtain Δ β=β ₀-β _AOB, try to achieve angle per unit error rate Δ β '=Δ β/β _AOB, according to angular dimension error rate is assigned to each and measures horizontal sextant angle

Among, calculate each monitoring point correction on angles number

Angle after the correction of the monitoring point that obtains ${\mathrm{\β}}_{{\mathrm{AOS}}_i}^{\′}={\mathrm{\β}}_{{\mathrm{AOS}}_i}+W_i,(i=\mathrm{1,2}\·\·\·\·\·\·,n);$

5. the distance B after will correcting ' _OSiAnd angle-Du Azimuth angle alpha with OA _O-AThe substitution formula Just obtain S _i(i=1,2 ..., coordinate n)

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{X}_{\mathrm{Si}}=X_O+D_{\mathrm{OSi}}^{\′}\cos ({\mathrm{\α}}_{O-A}+{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{AOSi}}^{\′})\\ Y_{\mathrm{Si}}=Y_O+D_{\mathrm{OSi}}^{\′}\sin ({\mathrm{\α}}_{O-A}+{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{AOSi}}^{\′})\end{array}\right.$

6. for the first time each monitoring point coordinate of getting of observation station is as initial coordinate, and coordinate and initial coordinate after the correction that later on each observation obtains compare, and just can judge monitoring point S _i(i=1,2 ..., deformation n).

This invention has the following advantages:

1. the deformation state of deformable body can be provided, can effectively monitor deformation range and the absolute displacement amount of determining deformable body;

2. dirigibility is large, can be applicable to different accuracy requirements, multi-form deformable body and different external condition;

3. adopt that the polar coordinates method of difference asks deformation point coordinate figure precision obtained large increase.

Four, description of drawings

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 angular distance difference location deformation monitoring synoptic diagram.

Five, embodiment

Three stable reference point O, A, B are set on away from the ground of distorted area or stable buildings according to field condition, simultaneously requirement can with monitoring point S ₁, S ₂... S _nIntervisibility.Three reference point coordinate A (X _A, Y _A), O (X _O, Y _O), B (X _B, Y _B) be known, by the distance L of these 3 OA that calculate ₀, OB distance L ' ₀, OA and OB horizontal sextant angle β ₀, total powerstation is placed on the O point, after the centering leveling, the A point is carried out backsight horizontal angle is set to 0 ° 00 ' 00 ", after the directions, with total powerstation to point of fixity A, B, monitoring point S _i(i=1,2 ..., n) directly measure its distance B _OA, D _OB,

(i=1,2 ..., n) with OA and OB, OS _i(i=1,2 ..., the horizontal sextant angle between n)

With the distance B that records _OA, D _OBDistance L with known OA ₀, OB distance L ' ₀Carry out difference,

Δ D _OA=L ₀-D _OA, Δ D _OAPoor for known OA distance and measured value OA distance;

Δ D _OB=L ' ₀-D _OB, Δ D _OBPoor for known OB distance and measured value OB distance;

$\mathrm{\Δd}=\frac{1}{2}(\mathrm{\Δ}{D}_{\mathrm{OA}}/D_{\mathrm{OA}}+\mathrm{\Δ}{D}_{\mathrm{OB}}/D_{\mathrm{OB}}),$ Δ d is average per unit distance error rate;

Error rate is assigned to the measuring distance D of each monitoring point according to distance length _OSi(i=1,2 ..., n) among, calculate each monitoring point distance correction V _i=D _OSi* Δ d, the distance B of the monitoring point after obtaining at last correcting ' _OSi=D _OSi+ V _i(i=1,2 ..., n);

With the OA that records and the horizontal sextant angle β between the OB _AOBWith known level angle β ₀Carry out difference and obtain Δ β=β ₀-β _AOB, try to achieve angle per unit error rate Δ β '=Δ β/β _AOB, will be assigned to each with rate according to angular dimension and measure horizontal sextant angle

Among, calculate each monitoring point correction on angles number

Angle after the correction of the monitoring point that obtains ${\mathrm{\β}}_{{\mathrm{AOS}}_i}^{\′}={\mathrm{\β}}_{{\mathrm{AOS}}_i}+W_i,(i=\mathrm{1,2}\·\·\·\·\·\·,n);$

According to three known point A (X _A, Y _A), O (X _O, Y _O), B (X _B, Y _B), can obtain the azimuth angle alpha of OA _O-A, with the distance B of each monitoring point obtained above ' _OSiAnd angle

The following formula of substitution just obtains S _i(i=1,2 ..., coordinate (X n) _Si, Y _Si)

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{X}_{\mathrm{Si}}=X_O+D_{\mathrm{OSi}}^{\′}\cos ({\mathrm{\α}}_{O-A}+{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{AOSi}}^{\′})\\ Y_{\mathrm{Si}}=Y_O+D_{\mathrm{OSi}}^{\′}\sin ({\mathrm{\α}}_{O-A}+{\mathrm{\β}}_{\mathrm{AOSi}}^{\′})\end{array}\right.$

With each monitoring point S that the first time, observation station got _iCoordinate is as initial coordinate, and coordinate and initial coordinate after the correction that later on each observation obtains compare, and just can judge monitoring point S _i(i=1,2 ..., deformation n) when deformation extent surpasses allowed band, can be made early warning in advance, and the precision level of this deformation monitoring method has obtained improving greatly, and work efficiency also obviously promotes.

Claims (1)

1. location deformation monitoring method based on angular distance difference of total station, it is characterized in that: take measurement of an angle and distance take total powerstation as instrument, by the accurate location of angular distance difference realization to monitoring point in the deformation monitoring, judge the deformation of monitoring point, concrete steps are as follows:

1. according to field condition three stable reference point O, A, B being set is known point, and wherein the O point is the survey station point, respectively can with monitoring point S ₁, S ₂... S _nIntervisibility;

2. settle total powerstation at survey station point O, take the A point as orientation point, aiming A point also is set to 0 ° 00 ' 00 with horizontal angle ", measure respectively survey station point O and reference point A, B, monitoring point S with total powerstation ₁, S ₂... S _nBetween horizontal range D _OA, D _OB,

Measure OA and OB, OS ₁, OS ₂... OS _nBetween horizontal sextant angle β _AOB,

3. according to known point A (X _A, Y _A), O (X _O, Y _O), B (X _B, Y _B) can calculate the distance L of OA ₀, OB distance L ' ₀, OA and OB horizontal sextant angle β ₀, with the distance B of the actual known point that records _OAAnd D _OBCarry out difference and obtain Δ D _OA=L ₀-D _OAWith Δ D _OB=L ' ₀-D _OB, according to formula Try to achieve the average per unit distance error rate Δ d of distance, error rate is assigned to the measuring distance of each monitoring point according to distance length

Among, calculate each monitoring point distance correction V _i=D _OSi* Δ d, the distance of the monitoring point after obtaining at last correcting $D_{{\mathrm{OS}}_1}^{\′}=D_{{\mathrm{OS}}_1}+V_1,$ $D_{{\mathrm{OS}}_2}^{\′}=D_{{\mathrm{OS}}_2}+V_2\·\·\·\·\·\·D_{{\mathrm{OS}}_n}^{\′}=D_{{\mathrm{OS}}_n}+V_n;$

4. with the OA that records and the horizontal sextant angle β between the OB _AOBWith known level angle β ₀Carry out difference and obtain Δ β=β ₀-β _AOB, try to achieve angle per unit error rate Δ β '=Δ β/β _AOB, according to angular dimension error rate is assigned to each and measures horizontal sextant angle

Among, calculate each monitoring point correction on angles number Angle after the correction of the monitoring point that obtains ${\mathrm{\β}}_{{\mathrm{AOS}}_2}^{\′}={\mathrm{\β}}_{{\mathrm{AOS}}_2}+W_2\·\·\·\·\·\·{\mathrm{\β}}_{{\mathrm{AOS}}_n}^{\′}={\mathrm{\β}}_{{\mathrm{AOS}}_n}+W_n;$

5. the distance B after will correcting ' _OSiAnd angle

Azimuth angle alpha with OA _O-A, the substitution formula

Just obtain S ₁, S ₂... S _NThe coordinate of point

6. for the first time each monitoring point coordinate of getting of observation station is as initial coordinate, and coordinate and initial coordinate after the correction that later on each observation obtains compare, and just can judge monitoring point S ₁, S ₂... S _NDeformation.

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