CN102612678A - 利用数据聚类、扩展和叠加显示的实时地图 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了用于多个逻辑相关实体的组织、管理和图形显示的系统和方法。在一些实施方式中,该系统和方法提供了被追踪的汽车车队的状态和位置信息的实时显示。在一些实施方式中,该系统和方法允许基于下层地图的用户视图而自动聚类事物。在一些实施方式中,事物是作为所管理的车队的一部分的车辆。在一些实施方式中,事物逻辑地配置为相似事物的聚类。在一些实施方式中,聚类提供了它们的下层事物的状态或分类信息的图形表示。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求于2009年8月14日提交的题为“利用数据聚类、扩展和叠加显示的实时地图”的美国临时申请第61/274,221号的优先权,该申请以不与本文所公开的内容不一致的程度结合于此作为参照。
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及用于组织、管理和图形显示多个逻辑相关实体的系统和方法,更具体地,在一个实施方式中,涉及用于与地图相关地实时组织和显示所追踪的车辆(交通工具)的聚类的系统和方法。
背景技术
随着使用电子地图显示信息越来越普及,存在大量并且复杂的需要显示的信息。因此,在不使观看者被显示所困惑或弄得不知所措的情况下获取可在地图上层叠并且观看到的大范围的数据变得越来越困难。
该问题尤其表现在基于地图或基于定位的服务和工具中,其中,待显示信息的不断增加的详细特性与获得数据的可能的无限数量的源结合在一起,使得以对于观看者来说可访问并有用的逻辑方式在地图上显示此类信息变得极具挑战性。例如,大量的人和设备的管理包括及时获取关于位置、状态和可能的警告条件的信息。管理优选需要能观察到预定事件发生的时间和地点,以及自从之前的观察进度和状态是如何变化的,但是如果没有这么多可用的数据,在现有技术的系统中要这么做会非常困难。例如,在车队管理领域,希望知道车队中车辆的状态、目前车辆的位置、车辆是否运行正常等。对于具有数百或数千车辆的车队,当通过基于地图的界面访问时,此类信息很快地变得非常巨大。
对此,开发人员试图通过允许观看者放大和缩小地图而使此类基于地图的显示变得容易使用;然而,这通常是无效的解决方法,因为仅在观看者缩小以获得更总括的数据图片时才会放大观看到巨大量数据的问题。结果,为了理解显示的数据,观看者的唯一选择是放大地图,直到重要信息不再显示在屏幕上。而其他系统操作过慢,难以满足全部时间的事物(asset,资产)管理的要求。
发明内容
本实施方式通过提供这样的系统和方法来克服现有技术中的此类和其他的缺陷,该系统和方法用于将地理或空间相关的信息聚类在一起以创建有用的数据叠加、从而有利于此类信息的管理的智能缩放。在一些实施方式中,该信息是关于被追踪的汽车。在一些实施方式中,该系统和方法提供了被追踪的汽车车队的状态和位置信息的实时显示。在一些实施方式中,该系统和方法允许基于随用户放大或缩小地图而动态变化的下层地图的用户视图而自动聚类事物。在一些实施方式中,事物是作为所管理的车队的一部分的车辆。在一些实施方式中,事物逻辑地配置为相似事物的聚类。在一些实施方式中,聚类提供了它们的下层事物的状态或分类信息的图形表示。
在一些实施方式中,提供了一种用于显示关于地理相关的多个事物信息的方法。该方法包括接收关于多个事物的信息;从多个事物中选择地理相关的事物;形成包括所选事物的聚类;以及提供包括地图和聚类的图形用户界面。在一些实施方式中,如果事物的物理位置在虚拟边界区域限定的地理区域之内,则这些事物是地理相关的。在一些实施方式中,聚类层叠在地图上边界区域限定的地理区域中。在一些实施方式中,聚类在图形用户界面上显示关于所选事物的至少一项信息。在一些实施方式中,事物是车辆。在一些实施方式中,关于多个事物的信息实时更新。在一些实施方式中,至少一项信息是显示所选事物的状态信息的图表。在一些实施方式中,至少一项信息是显示所选事物的分类信息的图表。在一些实施方式中,至少一项信息是所选事物的数量的数字表示。在一些实施方式中,图形用户界面显示虚拟边界区域。在一些实施方式中,该方法还包括如果图形用户界面的用户缩小地图时,将该聚类添加至新的聚类。在一些实施方式中,该方法还包括如果图形用户界面的用户放大地图时,将该聚类分离为多个聚类。
在一些实施方式中,提供了一种用于分离事物的聚类的方法,其中,各个事物具有基于其地理空间位置并与表示终端用户的显示的虚拟区域有关的像素坐标。在一些实施方式中,本方法包括识别各个事物的坐标;将虚拟区域分割为多个槽(slot);基于各个事物的像素坐标将事物归类至槽;以及生成新的聚类,其中各个新的聚类包括至少一个事物并包括归类至同一个槽的每个事物。
在一些实施方式中,提供了一种用于聚类事物的方法。在一些实施方式中,本方法包括基于事物的地理空间位置并且关于表示终端用户的显示的虚拟区域,为各个事物生成像素坐标;确定用于与各个事物相关联的具有特定像素尺寸的图标形状;利用该图标形状为各个事物查询数据结构;如果事物的图标形状的像素尺寸所限定的区域在以事物的像素坐标为中心时不与数据结构中的另一个聚类所覆盖的区域重叠,则将该事物添加在该数据结构中作为新的聚类;以及如果事物的图标形状的像素尺寸所限定的区域在以事物的像素坐标为中心时与现有聚类所覆盖的区域重叠,则将该事物添加至该数据结构中的该现有聚类。
附图说明
为了更完整地理解本实施方式、其目的和优点,现将参照附图进行以下描述,在附图中:
图1示出了根据实施方式的事物的聚类。
图2示出了根据实施方式的包括多个聚类的地图。
图3示出了根据实施方式的本系统的用户可用的附加信息特征。
图4示出了根据实施方式的当聚类包括大量事物时本系统的用户可用的信息特征。
图5示出了根据实施方式的聚类的事物的滚动列表。
图6示出了根据实施方式的参照特定地理位置的聚类的功能。
图7示出了根据实施方式的说明聚类创建的流程图。
图8示出了根据实施方式的图7中所执行的步骤的图形实例。
图9示出了根据实施方式的用于分离聚类的处理。
图10示出了根据实施方式的在分离处理期间从奇数槽移动至偶数槽的项。
图11示出了根据实施方式的待分离的参照显示屏幕的样本聚类。
图12示出了根据实施方式的参照显示屏幕的聚类的项的位置。
图13示出了根据实施方式的正在分离的聚类。
图14示出了根据实施方式的从单个先有聚类创建新的聚类。
图15示出了根据实施方式的在分离处理完成后的三个新的聚类。
图16示出了与实施方式相关所使用的部件和装置的总体系统示图。
在几个附图的图示中,相应参考标号表示相应的部件。本领域技术人员应当理解,图中的要素是为了简单和清楚的目的而示出,并且无需按比例制图。例如,图中一些要素的尺寸、大小和/或相对布置可能会相对于其他要素有所夸大以帮助增加对本发明各个实施方式的理解。并且,通常未示出商业可行实施方式中有用或需要的通用且熟知的元件,从而有利于形成本发明各个实施方式阻挡较少的图示。应当理解,本文所使用的术语及表达具有相应的各个领域的技术人员查询和研究所常用的这些术语及表达的通常含义,除非本文中另有说明其他特定含义。
具体实施方式
以下将参照附图1至16详细说明本实施方式的其他特征和优点,以及各个实施方式的结构和操作。在用于在地图上显示被追踪的车辆的聚类的系统的背景下描述这些实施方式。然而,本领域的技术人员应当理解的是这些实施方式可应用于很多需要以有效方式显示多条不同信息(尤其是具有地理或特殊成分的各信息,例如不动产信息、包装或运送信息、通信信息等)的领域和背景。
现在参照图1,示出了聚类100。该聚类100提供了边界区域102限定的具体地理或空间位置中的下层(underlaying)事物的信息。在一些实施方式中,聚类100包括数值104和内图106。在一些实施方式中,聚类100包括外图108,或附加图表或图形信息(未示出)。例如,如果事物是车辆,则数值104在聚类100内显示车辆的数量,并且图表106和108提供关于这些车辆的具体的分类和状态信息。内图106例如包含聚类100中各个事物的色彩编码分类信息。例如,在车辆的背景下,车辆可分为半挂车、小卡车、移动式起重机、轿车或其他类型的车辆,每个都具有特有的颜色。因此,内图106将显示色彩编码饼图,表示聚类100中构成各个分类的车辆的百分比。外图108例如示出了聚类100中各个事物的色彩编码状态信息。例如,在车辆的背景下,根据具体的应用,车辆可能移动、停止、闲置、失去联系或具有其他状态。因此,外图108将显示色彩编码饼图,表示聚类100中具有各给定状态的车辆的百分比。图表106和108示出的具体分类和状态信息、以及分配给这样的信息的颜色均可由系统用户通过使用已知方法进行配置。此外,也可修改聚类100的尺寸、形状以及配置。例如,在一些实施方式中,给予聚类不同的形状以表示关于不同类型的事物或不同类型的信息的聚类。例如,第一聚类可为圆形,表示它与车辆有关,并且第二聚类可为方形,表示它与一天中所要执行的工作有关。随着工作完成,聚类的颜色状态信息发生变化,反映工作的进程。在一些实施方式中,方形或其他有角的聚类的角部改变颜色。仅为便于理解,本申请在此处将聚类大体作为圆形或方形示出,其有圆形内图和外图。
在一些实施方式中,聚类100中的信息实时更新。例如,随着车辆离开或进入边界区域102,数值104、图表106和108也随之更新。如果事物的状态变化,外图108同样地更新。这样的实时更新可由系统的用户来配置并且可依赖于事物的通信系统。例如,系统的使用者可仅希望每五分钟更新一次。可选地,事物可被编程为仅每三十秒、或仅当其状态和位置变化时提供一次事物的位置和其他状态信息。因此,本领域的技术人员可了解的是,在一些实施方式中,由聚类100显示的信息可能会基于这样的偶然情况或偏好而延迟。可选地,例如,可在调整地图尺寸时进行信息的更新。
在一些实施方式中,并非所有特定边界区域102中的事物都包含于聚类100中。例如,聚类100可仅包括特定类型的事物,例如仅车辆。在其他实施方式中,聚类100可仅包括诸如单个汽车租赁公司的具体实体所拥有的事物。可基于多个属性,如事物的状态、分类、物理属性、类型、所有权信息等,选择包含于聚类100中的特定事物。在一些实施方式中(未示出),边界区域102包括多于一个的聚类。每个聚类可包括将包含于同一聚类中的事物(除了本系统指定的用户偏好)或属于不同聚类的事物(由于不同属性)。为了说明清楚,以下仅讨论在单个边界区域102内的单个聚类100。如图所示,边界区域102是方形或矩形,但在其他实施方式中使用其他形状,诸如多边形、圆形、三角形、或其他规则或不规则形状或它们的组合。此外,在一些实施方式中,边界区域102可具有不同颜色或不同级别的不透明度。通过改变边界区域102的阿尔法(alpha)通道数值(不透明度)和/或颜色,可显示关于显示在地图上的各边界区域102的附加信息,例如哪个边界区域102包含更多的事物。
现在将参照图2,示出根据实施方式的包括多个聚类100a至n的地图200。如图所示,地图200显示整个美国大陆。由于地图200的高等级,每个聚类100和其对应的边界区域102a至n覆盖美国的大面积,因此包括相对较大量的事物。例如,其边界框102a包围洛杉矶的聚类100a包含多于四千五百个的事物。然而,在其他实施方式中,大面积可仅包围少量的事物。
现在将参照图3,示出根据实施方式的系统的用户可用的附加信息特征。如图所示,当用户选择聚类100,例如当用户用他或她的鼠标指向聚类100、在聚类100上点击、使用触屏选择聚类100或类似地选择或与聚类100交互,系统为用户提供关于聚类100中的事物相关的某些信息。例如,示出了具有聚类100中的各个事物的详细事物信息的弹出框300。该弹出框300显示例如聚类100中各个事物的名称、状态和分类,并为用户提供通过点击“今天”或“昨天”链接而查看各个事物的历史的选择。在一些实施方式中,在地图上示出表示事物的标度图标(scaled icon)以向用户提供这些事物在哪儿的视觉标识。在一些实施方式中,用户还可点击弹出框300中的各个事物以关注事物在地图上的具体位置。参照图3讨论的实施方式可用于具有少数事物(诸如,四个以下事物)的聚类100,但当聚类具有许多事物时可能会提供过多的详细信息。
现在将参照图4,示出根据实施方式的当聚类100包含大量事物时系统的用户可用的附加信息。如图所示,当用户选择聚类100,系统向用户提供弹出框400,其显示关于聚类100中的事物的某些高等级信息,例如关于事物的普通状态和类别信息。在一些实施方式中,聚类100还包括显示“+”号或相似符号402,表示可获得更多关于聚类100中的事物的信息。现在将参照图5,在一个实施方式中,当用户点击“+”号402时,在弹出框400中为用户显示聚类的事物的滚动列表502。用户可从滚动列表502选择事物,随后其详细信息以与图3中示出的相似方式而显示在弹出框400中。以此种方式,即使当聚类100具有大量的事物时,用户也可获取关于聚类100中的各个事物的详细信息。
现在将参照图6a和图6b,更详细地讨论根据实施方式的参照具体地理位置的聚类的功能。图6a示出了具有包含大部分尤里卡、加利福尼亚的边界区域602的聚类600。明显地,该聚类600包括34个事物。当用户在聚类600上放大时,如图6b所示,聚类600由四个新的聚类604至610取代。新的聚类604至610共同包括与聚类600同样多的事物。然而,新的聚类604至610更精确地在地图上定位以反应它们的下层事物的位置。因而,如图6b所示,用户可以看到在福耳图那(Fortuna)有3个事物,麦金利维尔有2个事物,以及其余的事物位于尤里卡和菲尔兹兰丁(FieldsLanding)附近。如果用户放大至有效显示单个事物的点,则聚类由聚类中各个事物的准确的实时位置取代。可选地,在一些实施方式中,用户可点击聚类604至610中的一个以显示各个事物的位置。如果用户缩小特定区域,例如从图6b缩小至图6a,或从图6a至图2,则这些聚类合并、变得更总括并更少地依赖于具体的空间位置。因而,地图和它们各自的聚类的显示和再显示是分等级的。
在一些实施方式中,可认为,通过更高等级的聚类,事物和聚类的结构如下:
(a)事物
-分类
-状态
-属性
(b)点
-包括:事物
-位置(经度、纬度)
(c)地带
-包括:点
(d)地区(area)
-包括:地带
(e)区域(region)
-包括:地区
等等。
现将更详细地说明根据实施方式的如以上讨论的系统聚类事物(或聚类)以及分离聚类的方式。参照图7,示出了详细说明创建聚类的流程图700。首先,在步骤702,确定待聚类项(事物或聚类)的纬度和经度坐标,并使用标准再投射(reprojection)技术基于用户的显示将它们转换至x和y像素坐标。然后,在步骤704,在x和y坐标周围创建表示项的图标尺寸的尺寸的方框(或其他形状)。例如,在一些实施方式中,用户看见的关于聚类的图标是30像素×30像素。因而,在步骤704,30×30像素的方框位于所确定的该聚类的x和y坐标周围。在步骤706,利用方框查询本领域人员熟知的数据结构R树(R-Tree)以确定方框是否已在系统中。如结果708所示,如果方框已是系统中现有聚类的一部分,则将该方框和其项添加至该聚类。否则,如结果710所示,则将方框和其项添加为新的聚类。对于要聚类的每个项重复前述处理。虽然此处参照R树说明了本实施方式,但本领域的技术人员应当明白可使用其他类型的树和数据结构来实现其他实施方式,并且这样的数据结构的类型和配置例如将取决于希望的具体应用和功能。
现在将参照图8a至d,示出根据实施方式的流程图700中执行的步骤的图形实例。如图8a所示,并且如参照步骤702所说明的,基于用户显示800,将具有现实世界纬度和经度的事物100a至100c再投射至x和y像素坐标。在图8b中,并且根据步骤704,在各个事物100a至c周围创建方框或其他图标形状802a至c。然后根据步骤706至710,使用各个方框802a至c查询R树。首先利用方框802a来查询R树。因为R树为空,所以该R树将不会返回结果,并将方框802a添加至R树作为新的聚类804a,如图8c所示。接下来,利用方框802b查询R树。如图8b所示,因为方框802a(其已在R树中)与方框802b之间没有重叠,所以R树将再一次不会返回结果,并将方框802b添加至R树作为新的聚类804b。接下来,利用方框802c查询R树。如图8b所示,方框802b与802c之间有重叠。因此,R树将返回聚类804b作为结果,并且方框802c添加至该聚类,如图8c所示。如图8c所示,聚类804b扩展以包括方框802b和802c。作为上述步骤的结果,向用户示出了两个聚类804a至b,并且不再显示下层的方框和事物信息,如图8d所示。
在一些实施方式中,参照图7和图8说明的方法可能会产生具有过多的项的聚类(过多的事物或其他聚类)。为了使已创建的聚类更有用,此后将这些聚类分离为更小的、更有用的聚类。通过分离聚类,在一些实施方式中,包含于这些聚类中的信息更均匀地分布在用户的屏幕视图上。
在一些实施方式中,如果聚类横向或纵向地大于所定义的变量M(聚类最大尺寸),它们将被分离。例如,该变量是基于用户屏幕的分辨率以及通过系统所使用的典型图标的尺寸。对于使用32像素宽的图标的标准屏幕,在一些实施方式中,M被设定为100像素。本领域的技术人员可以了解,对于M的其他值可以依据用户屏幕分辨率和尺寸、关于系统所使用的图标尺寸或其他变量而是最佳的。
如果要分离聚类,则横向和纵向地分离该聚类。在一些实施方式中,新聚类的纵向和横向最大像素值基于以下式:
Y分离=M-2(ICON宽度)
X分离=Y分离/2+Y分离
其中,Y分离是最大横向像素值并且X分离是最大纵向像素值,并且ICON宽度是以像素为单位的事物或聚类图标的宽度。以上式考虑了图标的尺寸以确保聚类不会重叠在用户屏幕上。基于以上,其中,M设定为100像素并且图标为32像素,每个新的聚类宽度必须小于54像素宽,并且高度必须小于36像素高。
现在将参照图9,示出根据实施方式的分离聚类900的处理。例如,假如聚类宽度是132像素宽,该聚类首先在步骤902横向分离为最小数量的部分,其中各部分的宽度均小于X分离(54像素)宽。因此,将该聚类分为三个部分,每个部分的宽度是44像素。如步骤904所示,然后,将从步骤902获得的各个部分横向分离为高度小于Y分离(36像素)高的部分。结果,初始的聚类900被分割为12个槽906a至1,每个的尺寸为44像素×30像素。在步骤906创建新的聚类。在一些实施方式中,保留偶数槽(即槽908a、908c、908e、908g、908i和908k),而丢弃奇数槽。各个奇数槽中的项向上移动一个槽(即,槽908b中的项移至槽908a,等等)。所保留的槽变为新的聚类。
现在将参照图10,示出根据实施方式的从奇数槽908b和908d移至偶数槽908a和908c的项的实例。如图所示,奇数槽908b和908d横向分割为两半,如用虚线1002a和1002b所示出的。奇数槽908b和908d中在它们各自虚线1002a和1002b之上的项移动至上方的偶数槽,而奇数槽908b和908d中在它们各自虚线1002a和1002b之下的项移动至下方的偶数槽。其中,如槽908d的情况那样,在奇数槽下方没有偶数槽,则奇数槽中的所有项移动至上方的偶数槽。因而,如图所示,奇数槽908d中的所有项移动至偶数槽908c。
现在将参照图11,示出根据实施方式的参照显示屏幕1102的待分离的样本聚类1100。明显地,聚类1100包括20个项(事物或较小聚类)。如图12所示,聚类的项(在显示屏幕1102中由X表示)位于显示屏幕1102的垂直边缘的两端。如图13所示,聚类1100(未示出)根据以上参照图9和图10讨论的实施方式进行分离。奇数槽(1302b、1302d和1302f)中的项移动至偶数槽1302a、1302c和1302e。如图14所示,结果创建了三个新的聚类1402a至c。如图15中所示,最终结果为向用户示出新的聚类1402a至c以代替旧的聚类,同时从视图隐藏聚类1402a至c中的下层的项。
现在将参照图16,示出根据实施方式的相关于前述系统和方法所使用的部件和装置的总体系统示图1600。各个事物(未示出)均包括通信装置1602a至c。例如,车辆包括安装在其舱室中的小型收发器装置,或者个人可携带有具有定位能力的智能手机或类似装置。这样的装置1602a至c例如可以利用诸如三角测量的基于GPS、惯性(陀螺仪)系统或蜂窝网络(cellular network)的技术。
关于装置的事物的位置、状态、警告、分类、速度和其他类型的相关信息可通过装置1602a至c而提供至中央处理系统1604。在一些实施方式中,装置1602a至c实时通信这样的信息。在其他实施方式中,这样的信息以随机的间隔或在警告条件时周期性地发送。在一些实施方式中,这样的发送通过基于无线或卫星的通信系统和/或因特网或类似的广域网1606而发送至中央处理系统1604。
在一些实施方式中,中央处理系统1604包括与一个或多个数据库1610通信的一个或多个网络服务器1608。在一些实施方式中,网络服务器1608可具有高性能和计算机聚类能力。在一些实施方式中,中央处理系统1604如下进行操作:
-将装置1602a至c接收的信息储存于数据库1610;
-网络服务器1608通过因特网或类似的广域网1614从客户端1612a至c接收更新请求;
-响应于所接收到的请求,中央处理系统1604存取来自数据库1610的相关信息,并执行以上所讨论的聚类和地图传送处理,以及
-网络服务器1604通过网络1614发送所得的数据至客户端1612a至c。
在一些实施方式中,中央处理系统1604利用分布式或云计算能力和/或技术。在一些实施方式中,中央处理系统1604与请求的客户端1612a至c分担计算任务。在其他实施方式中,中央处理系统负责所有或几乎所有的计算任务。在一些实施方式中,前述配置的优点在于需从网络服务器1608传输至客户端1612a至c的数据量非常小。在一些实施方式中,很少的(即使有的话)下层事物的信息传输至客户端1612a至c。在这些实施方式中,仅示出事物的综合信息的高等级聚类信息(例如,如参照图1所讨论的图表、数值和/或边界区域信息)传送至客户端1612a至c。这些实施方式使得即使当具有有限网络能力和/或有限处理能力的硬件客户端1612a至c时,也可处理实际上无限数量的项。本领域的技术人员应当了解,网络1606和1614可以是相同或不同的网络。在一些实施方式中,这两个网络均为因特网。在其他实施方式中,网络1606和1614可包括私人和/或公共网络。
客户端1612a至c例如可以是个人计算机或智能手机。在其他实施方式中,客户端1612a至c自身可以是服务器或中央计算机,其被配置为将由中央处理系统1640接收到的信息发送至终端用户客户端(未示出)。在一些实施方式中,客户端1612a至c包括浏览器应用的浏览器窗口中显示的图形用户界面。这样的配置允许客户端1612a至c的终端用户容易地观看中央处理系统1604提供的地图、地理信息、聚类信息和下层事物数据。因而,该系统和其智能缩放功能可由任何用户通过能够运行网络浏览器并访问诸如因特网的广域网的客户端计算装置而使用。
在一些实施方式中,图形用户界面使用HTML、JavaScript、CSS、JSON和/或XML编程来实现。这样的编程可以是符合AJAX的。在一些实施方式中,响应于客户端1612a至c的请求,由中央处理系统1604创建动态HTML页面或XML内容。在一些实施方式中,此类交互通过对中央处理系统1604的网络服务器1608进行XMLAPI调用和/或Java Applet调用的客户端1612a至c的用户而进行。通过使用先前讨论的技术,中央处理系统1604生成用户请求的聚类、事物信息和/或其他信息,并与对应的地图数据一起将这些内容提供至客户端1612a至c。此后,浏览器窗口的图形用户界面显示这些内容供用户观看。
智能缩放系统和其图形用户界面可使用除上述说明的技术以外的技术来实现。例如,在一个实施方式中,图形用户界面实现为Adobe Flash对象。在一些实施方式中,其中图形用户界面使用Flash实现,该图形用户界面嵌入在HTML页面中并由浏览器应用的Flash兼容插件执行。Flash对象储存数据文件和/或与接收更新地图、聚类和事物信息的中央处理系统通信。在其他实施方式中,使用诸如Java、JavaApplets、同步多介质集成语言(SMIL)或微软银光(Microsoft Silverlight)的技术来实现图形用户界面以及与中央处理系统1604交互。其他实施方式中,图形用户界面由浏览器应用外置的独立播放器或用于访问中央处理系统1604的其他专用程序来执行。
清楚地,上述智能缩放聚类方法和系统使得各种用户工具和界面允许任何数量的终端用户客户端显现数百或数千事物以及它们的实时位置和状态。通过利用前述智能缩放系统和方法,汽车车队或其他事物管理人员可通过使用其他方法和系统无法实现的方式迅速并容易地确定数百事物状态、识别事物的问题、根据需要重新部署事物以及制定其他管理决策。
另一实施方式是一个或多个能执行以上讨论的处理的计算机可读介质上的计算机可读代码或程序指令。计算机可读介质是能存储数据、或能允许存储的数据被计算机系统读取的数据存储装置。其实例包括硬盘驱动器(HDD)、闪存卡(如CF卡、SD卡、MS卡和xD卡)、网络连接存储器(NAS)、只读存储器(ROM)、随机存取存储器(RAM)、CD-ROM、CD-R、CD-RW、DVD、DVD-R、DVD-RW、全息存储介质、磁带以及其他光学和非光学数据存储装置。该计算机可读介质也可以分布的方式位于被连接或另外网络连接在一起并能够向介质的用户呈现单个视图的多个计算器系统或装置上。
另一实施方式是被配置为从计算机可读介质存取计算机可读代码或程序指令、并使用一个或多个CPU执行程序指令以如上所述执行实施方式的计算机系统或类似装置。这样的计算机系统可以是但不限于,典型的个人计算机、微计算机、手持装置(如手机、PDA、黑莓(BlackBerry))或更高级的系统(如计算机组、分布式计算机系统、通过有线或无线装置访问的服务器、大型机或超级计算机)。在其他实施方式中,系统的服务器也存储在计算机可读介质、或从计算机可读介质存取。在其他实施方式中,它们利用硬件实现。
在一些实施方式中,存储于计算机可读介质中的部分或全部内容通过类似的网络发送。在其他实施方式中,中央处理系统基于程序指令和/或计算机可读介质内容的结果生成信号或指令。
在其他实施方式中,前述系统和方法可应用于除二维环境以外的环境中。例如,三维聚类、地图、边界区域以及事物可使用与以上讨论的相同的技术和方法来实现。
本文使用具体实施方式来说明本发明,目的仅在于说明。然而,对本领域的技术人员显而易见的是,本发明的原理也可以其他方式来实现。因此,不应认为本发明限于本文所公开的具体实施方式的范围内。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于显示关于地理相关的多个事物的信息的方法,所述方法包括:
接收关于多个事物的信息;
从所述多个事物中选择地理相关的事物,其中,如果一些事物的物理位置在由虚拟边界区域限定的地理区域之内,则这些事物是地理相关的;
形成包括所选事物的聚类;
提供包括地图和所述聚类的图形用户界面,其中,所述聚类层叠在所述地图上由所述边界区域限定的地理区域中;
其中,所述聚类在所述图形用户界面上显示关于所选事物的至少一项信息。
2.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中,所述事物是车辆。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中,关于所述多个事物的信息实时更新。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述至少一项信息是显示所选事物的状态信息的图表。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述至少一项信息是显示所选事物的分类信息的图表。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述至少一项信息是所选事物的数量的数值表示。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述图形用户界面显示所述虚拟边界区域。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:如果所述图形用户界面的用户缩小所述地图,则将所述聚类添加至新的聚类。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:如果所述图形用户界面的用户放大所述地图,则将所述聚类分离为多个聚类。
10.一种用于分离事物的聚类的方法,其中,各个事物具有基于其地理空间位置并参照表示终端用户的显示的虚拟区域的像素坐标,所述方法包括:
识别各个事物的坐标,
将所述虚拟区域分割为多个槽;
基于各个事物的像素坐标将所述事物归类至所述槽;以及
生成新的聚类,其中,各个新的聚类包括至少一个事物并且包括归类至同一个槽的每个事物。
11.一种用于聚类事物的方法,包括:
基于所述事物的地理空间位置并参照表示终端用户的显示的虚拟区域为各个事物生成像素坐标;
确定用于与各个事物相关联的具有特定像素尺寸的图标形状;
利用所述图标形状为各个事物查询数据结构;
如果所述事物的图标形状的像素尺寸所限定的区域在以所述事物的像素坐标为中心时不与所述数据结构中的另一个聚类所覆盖的区域重叠,则将所述事物添加在所述数据结构中作为新的聚类;以及
如果所述事物的图标形状的像素尺寸所限定的区域在以所述事物的像素坐标为中心时与现有聚类所覆盖的区域重叠,则将所述事物添加至所述数据结构中的所述现有聚类。
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AU2010282260A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
WO2011020101A2 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
CA2770183C (en) | 2016-10-11 |
RU2012105619A (ru) | 2013-10-20 |
AR077929A1 (es) | 2011-10-05 |
EP2465024A2 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
US20110041088A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
US10467558B2 (en) | 2019-11-05 |
US20170286878A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
CA2770183A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
CL2012000343A1 (es) | 2012-12-07 |
EP2465024A4 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
AU2010282260B2 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
US20120017168A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
WO2011020101A3 (en) | 2011-06-03 |
BR112012002767A2 (pt) | 2018-12-11 |
MX2012001497A (es) | 2012-06-19 |
US9697485B2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
CO6511206A2 (es) | 2012-08-31 |
US8146009B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 |
CN102612678B (zh) | 2016-04-13 |
US20150112741A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
US8745516B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
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