CN102577801B - Method for preventing disease and decomposition of Chinese rose hybrid fruit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preventing disease and decomposition of Chinese rose hybrid fruit, comprising the following steps of: when Chinese roses are hybridized, pollinated and grow until pistils of flowers are to be dried and withered, cutting off the pistils and sepals while stem base with the length of 0.2-0.4cm is reserved; smearing sterilization solution on a cut, so as to prevent the cut from being infected with pathogenic bacteria and promote the heal of the cut, ensuring fruits to grow to be ripe in the environment that ventilation is good and humidity is lower than 60%, and finally harvesting the fruits. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the problem that large quantity of Chinese rose hybrid fruits have disease and are rotten can be solved, the Chinese rose hybrid fruits can grow healthily, the Chinese rose hybrid fruits can mature smoothly, successful hybridization breeding can be guaranteed, success rate of the hybridization breeding is effectively improved, seed collecting rate of the fruits is improved, and foundation is laid for breeding more better Chinese rose hybridized varieties.

Description

The method that prevention Chinese rose hybridization fruit pathology is rotted

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method, especially a kind of method of preventing Chinese rose hybridization fruit pathology to rot belongs to plant BreedingTechnical field.

Background technology

Chinese rose ( Rosa hybrida) be the big ornamental plants of the first in the world, can be divided into miniature, short life, short clump, shrubbery, liana, overgrow by the plant strain growth type.Can be divided into potted plant, cut-flower, dried flower, garden flower as ground quilt, shrub, tree-shaped, hedgerow etc. again according to application type.The Chinese rose new varieties obtain by methods such as bud mutation seed selection, mutation breeding, crossbreeding.At present, the whole world has surplus the modern rose cultivars 35000 approximately, and many kinds all obtain by selection cross, and according to UPOV pact regulation in 1991, crossbreeding will be the main means of seed selection Chinese rose new varieties.

Can crossbreeding seed selection Chinese rose new varieties be very long and arduous processes, generally need for 4～6 years, cultivate the true seed seedling, it is the key of breeding success, and can the hybridization fruit ripe smoothly, then determining the amount of gathering of seed, also directly affects the efficient of rearing new variety.In the Chinese rose crossbreeding process, conventional treatment measures are to castrate, extract bagging after the flower inner petals, bag taking during pollination in second day, and bagging again after the pollination takes off bagging and gathers after fruit expands.Under existing greenhouse of China and production management technical conditions, because from the fruit harvesting of pollinating, its planting environment desired moisture level is excessive, water droplet that forms at gynoecium, sepal position or marshy land are because of can not in time evaporating, easily there is water stain position contaminated by germ and causes pathology to be rotted at fruit surface, make hybridization fruit percent of loss reach 60%～80%, seriously restricting the fast development of Chinese rose breeding.

Summary of the invention

For thoroughly improving the situation that Chinese rose hybridization fruit pathology is rotted, improve the fruit harvesting rate, the invention provides a kind of method of preventing Chinese rose hybridization fruit pathology to rot, provide important leverage, the Chinese rose breeding work carried out establish a firm foundation smoothly so that gather for the success of Chinese rose hybridization fruit.

The present invention is to provide a kind of like this method of preventing Chinese rose hybridization fruit pathology to rot, it is characterized in that through the following step:

A, hop to it and withered contract or during withered pathology, wipe out, wipe out sepal simultaneously, and each sepal base portion keeps 0.2～0.4 centimetre length along 0.2～0.4 centimeters more than the pistillate flower base for post portion when the Chinese rose hybridization pollination grows to the flower gynoecium;

B, wiped out behind gynoecium, the sepal the 2nd day, smear 800-1000 times of germicidal solution of carbendazol wettable powder or tpn in the wound of wiping out, carry out sterilization processing, smear once identical germicidal solution after 3～5 days again, prevent the wound courses of infection, promote wound healing;

C, ventilating and humidity is lower than under the environment below 60%, allowing fruit development after maturation, gathering.

Wiping out with sterilizing to cut of described steps A finished, and whenever cuts a gynoecium style sterilization once, whenever cuts a sepal sterilization once, and thimerosal is that mass concentration is 70% alcohol, the wound healing after helping like this wiping out.

Chinese rose hybridization pollination process the following step of described steps A:

1, extracts petal in the flower from Chinese rose petal base portion, extract stamen simultaneously;

2, pollen is spread upon the stylar column head surface, carry out hybridization pollination;

3, behind the hybridization pollination, ventilating and humidity is to grow under 45～55% the environment, prevent that humidity is excessive and water droplet that form is fallen gynoecium, above the sepal, and cause germ to grow, cause the fruit pathology to be rotted, after 10～15 days, the flower gynoecium hops to it to wither and contracts, and ovary begins to expand.

The present invention utilizes the characteristic of growing of Chinese rose hybridization fruit, the physics mode of gynoecium and sepal and the chemical treatment method that carries out sterilization with germicidal solution are wiped out in employing, fundamentally solved the problem that a large amount of pathologies of Chinese rose hybridization fruit are rotted, make it can healthy growth, ensured the smooth maturation of Chinese rose hybridization fruit, guarantee carrying out smoothly of crossbreeding, effectively improved the success rate of crossbreeding, improve the seed collecting rate of fruit, lay the foundation for further cultivating more, more excellent hybridization modern rose cultivars.

Embodiment

The present invention will be further described below by embodiment.

Embodiment 1

1, extracts petal in the flower from Chinese rose petal base portion, avoid large tracts of land machinery wound, extract stamen simultaneously, avoid the filigree base portion that serious mechanical wound is arranged;

When 2, pollinating, select soft writing brush to hold and get pollen, inclination spreads upon PistilStigma surface prevents the writing brush perpendicular insertion to stigma surface, prevents that column cap from sustaining damage and cause germ to grow;

3, behind the hybridization pollination, ventilating and humidity is to grow under 45% the environment, prevent that humidity is excessive and water droplet that form is fallen gynoecium, above the sepal, and cause germ to grow, cause the fruit pathology to be rotted, after 10 days, the flower gynoecium hops to it to wither and contracts, and ovary begins to expand;

4, when withered atrophy of gynoecium or withered pathology, select fine, wipe out along 0.2 centimeters more than the pistillate flower base for post portion with the sterilization scissors, prevent to be subjected to after the gynoecium dry rot influence of external environment 60% above humidity, and bacteria infection, due to illness bacterium can enter ovary along style, requires to have cut the scissors of sterilizing behind the gynoecium, the thimerosal mass concentration is 70% alcohol, helps wound healing like this;

5, when wiping out gynoecium, also need to wipe out sepal with the sterilization scissors, each sepal base portion keeps 0.2 centimetre, is chosen in fine day during operation and carries out, and requires to have cut the scissors of sterilizing behind the sepal, and thimerosal helps wound healing like this with 70% alcohol;

6, wipe out behind gynoecium, the sepal the 2nd day, smear 800 times of germicidal solutions of commercial carbendazol wettable powder or commercial tpn in the wound of wiping out, carry out sterilization processing, smear once identical germicidal solution after 3 days again, prevent the wound courses of infection, promote wound healing;

7, ventilating and humidity is lower than under the environment 60% below, allowing fruit development after maturation, gathering, avoiding hand to touch fruit during the operation of field, preventing alternately infection of germ.

Embodiment 2

1, extracts petal in the flower from Chinese rose petal base portion, avoid large tracts of land machinery wound, extract stamen simultaneously, avoid the filigree base portion that serious mechanical wound is arranged;

2, when pollination, select soft writing brush to hold and get pollen, tilt to spread upon the stylar column head surface, prevent the writing brush perpendicular insertion to stigma surface, prevent that column cap from sustaining damage and cause germ to grow;

3, behind the hybridization pollination, ventilating and humidity is to grow under 55% the environment, prevent that humidity is excessive and water droplet that form is fallen gynoecium, above the sepal, and cause germ to grow, cause the fruit pathology to be rotted, after 15 days, the flower gynoecium hops to it to wither and contracts, and ovary begins to expand;

4, when withered atrophy of gynoecium or withered pathology, select fine, wipe out along 0.4 centimeters more than the pistillate flower base for post portion with the sterilization scissors, prevent to be subjected to after the gynoecium dry rot influence of external environment 60% above humidity, and bacteria infection, due to illness bacterium can enter ovary along style, requires to have cut the scissors of sterilizing behind the gynoecium, the thimerosal mass concentration is 70% alcohol, helps wound healing like this;

5, when wiping out gynoecium, also need to wipe out sepal with the sterilization scissors, each sepal base portion keeps 0.4 centimetre, is chosen in fine day during operation and carries out, and requires to have cut the scissors of sterilizing behind the sepal, and thimerosal helps wound healing like this with 70% alcohol;

6, wipe out behind gynoecium, the sepal the 2nd day, smear 1000 times of germicidal solutions of commercial carbendazol wettable powder or commercial tpn in the wound of wiping out, carry out sterilization processing, smear once identical germicidal solution after 5 days again, prevent the wound courses of infection, promote wound healing;

7, ventilating and humidity is lower than under the environment 60% below, allowing fruit development after maturation, gathering, avoiding hand to touch fruit during the operation of field, preventing alternately infection of germ.

Claims (3)

1. one kind is prevented the rotten method of Chinese rose hybridization fruit pathology, it is characterized in that through the following step:

A, hop to it and withered contract or during withered pathology, wipe out, wipe out sepal simultaneously, and each sepal base portion keeps 0.2～0.4 centimetre length along 0.2～0.4 centimeters more than the pistillate flower base for post portion when the Chinese rose hybridization pollination grows to the flower gynoecium;

B, wiped out behind gynoecium, the sepal the 2nd day, smear 800-1000 times of germicidal solution of carbendazol wettable powder or tpn in the wound of wiping out, carry out sterilization processing, smear once identical germicidal solution after 3～5 days again, prevent the wound courses of infection, promote wound healing;

C, ventilating and humidity is lower than under 60% the environment, allowing fruit development after maturation, gathering.

2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that wiping out with sterilization of described steps A cut and finish, and whenever cut a gynoecium style sterilization once, whenever cut a sepal sterilization once, thimerosal is that mass concentration is 70% alcohol, the wound healing after helping like this wiping out.

3. the method for claim 1, the Chinese rose hybridization pollination that it is characterized in that described steps A are through the following step:

1, extracts petal in the flower from Chinese rose petal base portion, extract stamen simultaneously;

2, pollen is spread upon the stylar column head surface, carry out hybridization pollination;

3, behind the hybridization pollination, ventilating and humidity is to grow under 45～55% the environment, prevent that humidity is excessive and water droplet that form is fallen gynoecium, above the sepal, and cause germ to grow, cause the fruit pathology to be rotted, after 10～15 days, the flower gynoecium hops to it to wither and contracts, and ovary begins to expand.