CN102553884A - Method for collecting, separating, storing, transporting and reutilizing kitchen waste - Google Patents
Method for collecting, separating, storing, transporting and reutilizing kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN102553884A CN102553884A CN2011104128918A CN201110412891A CN102553884A CN 102553884 A CN102553884 A CN 102553884A CN 2011104128918 A CN2011104128918 A CN 2011104128918A CN 201110412891 A CN201110412891 A CN 201110412891A CN 102553884 A CN102553884 A CN 102553884A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for collecting, separating, storing, transporting and reutilizing kitchen waste. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps that: the on-site solid-liquid separation is carried out on the kitchen waste in a restaurant; oil-water separation is carried out on the kitchen waste on a special mobile kitchen waste disposal car for separating swill-cooked dirty oil and waste water, and then the on-site purifying treatment is carried out on the waste water, and the water quality after treatment reaches the emission standard for national GB8978-1996 town primary and secondary sewage treatment plants. The equipment adopted by the method belongs to standardized products commonly used in industry, is reliable in running, is mature in technology, is simple in structure, is convenient to maintain, and is low in cost. The method provided by the invention can be used for collecting, separating, storing and transporting the kitchen wastes, and carrying out harmless minimized and resourcing treatment on the kitchen wastes in thousands of restaurants in cities and towns in a timely and standardized manner, is particularly suitable for relevant departments of the government to conduct standardized and scientific management on the kitchen waste, and has good industrial practicability, novelty and creativity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to changing food waste is carried out the innoxious method that subtracts appearanceization and recycling treatment; Particularly, relate to changing food waste collect, the method for separation, accumulating and recycling treatment, belong to the environmental protective chemical industry field.
Technical background
The continuous improvement of Along with people's daily life; The amount of changing food waste is more and more many, normalizedly unifiedly cheaply reclaims, utilizes and managed changing food waste, makes that it is innoxious, minimizing and resource; Stopping " waste oil " puts on the dining table; The food hygiene of safeguarding people is the major issue of current social concerns with healthy, and great environment social effect is arranged.
The existing many reports of method that relevant changing food waste is handled or equipment; In CN202028601U, " a kind of changing food waste treating apparatus of zero-emission " disclosed, " dehydration of changing food waste, oven dry, evaporating course " disclosed, said method needs a large amount of energy, has the high and high weakness of processing cost of energy consumption; " a kind of changing food waste high-efficiency pretreatment equipment " likewise, in CN202028604U, is disclosed; " process of the preheating of changing food waste, hydrolysis, water evaporates, sterilization, extraction grease, powder for drying " disclosed; Exist operation long, energy consumption is big, the weakness that cost is high; In CN201849886U " portable changing food waste treating apparatus "; All changing food wastes are handled on the garbage truck that moves; The treating capacity of its rubbish has very big restricted; Normally; The processing of changing food waste comprises: solid refuse separates with swill, solid refuse innoxious subtract the appearanceization processing (like feed or organic fertilizer through high temperature sterilization sterilization back .... or the like), and the purification of waste water processing up to standard (normally long anaerobic fermentation, oxygen consumption fermentation, air supporting, deposition .... etc.) after three kinds of operations such as discharging; Above-mentioned three operations are indispensable, have only waste residue and waste water are all reached innoxious and minimizing, reach national specified discharge standard, and above-mentioned " portable changing food waste treating apparatus " just can deserve to be called the harmless treatment special-purpose vehicle of real changing food waste; The national standard width of general body of a motor car is 2.4 meters, and length is at 10-20 rice; If vehicle body is oversize be not easy to garbage truck in streets and lanes or each restaurant in narrow roadside collect changing food waste; So the device of CN201849886U " portable changing food waste treating apparatus " can't make changing food waste on narrow vehicle body flat board, carry out whole operations that the innoxious minimizing of changing food waste is handled, no practicality at all.
Changing food waste mainly is made up of solid refuse and swill two parts; Usually, solid refuse accounts for about 10%, and swill accounts for about 90%; In solid refuse, mainly comprise: leftovers, chopsticks, vial, metal beverage box, bottle cap, waste paper, bamboo thing, wood chip, plastic packaging bag, melon and fruit peel, poultry hair, livestock bone, rotten vegetables, fishbone, pluck ... ... or the like; Mainly comprise in the swill: animal oil, vegetable oil, monosodium glutamate, salt, vinegar, various condiment, food additives, starch, pigment, carbohydrate, metal ion, inorganic salts material, water ... ... or the like; Generally, the COD of swill [COD] is more than 250mg/L; 5 days bod [BOD5] more than 5000mg/L, contain a large amount of suspension (SS) and ammonia nitrogen material; Swill is separable into waste oil and waste water two parts; In changing food waste; Waste oil (vegetable and animals oils) content is at 3-15% (Wt%); Waste water accounts for more than 75%, normally, and the innoxious qualified discharge requirement of waste water in the changing food waste; Main second type of I and II sewage drainage standard in city according to country " GB8978-1996 " promulgation has strict restriction to leading indicators such as PH, BOD5, COD, SS, ammonia nitrogens; Country advocates energetically and the waste oil separated in the swill (or the animal and plant fat of non-consumption or acidifying oil) is directly changed into country uses biodiesel with the car and boat that society is badly in need of; Stop waste oil to be put on the dining table; Safeguard people's food security and health, to implement the resource of changing food waste; For isolated wastewater treatment in the swill; Normally carry out biochemical treatment (like SBR, MBR, A/O in the purification of waste water workshop of destructor plant ... Deng); For example: aeration is floating, aerobic fermentation, anoxic fermentation, anaerobic fermentation, deposition ... operations such as ..; The shortcoming of the purifying process of waste water of this routine is: the heavy metal ion in the waste water (Pt+2, Cu+2, Zn+2........) clean-up effect is poor; Fermentation time is long, and the microthermal climate in winter is unfavorable for the biochemical purification processing of waste water; And the Zymolysis Equipment floor space is bigger, and the sewage treatment equipment cost of Unit Weight and processing cost are all than higher;
Especially, will account for the above swill of changing food waste 75% (wt%) and be transported to destructor plant from the restaurant, and with the freight that consumes great number, increase the integrated treatment cost of changing food waste, swill can distribute unpleasant foul smell, contaminated environment in transportation with in handling; Swill is transported to garbage disposal factory stores and concentrated purified treatment is a kind of expensive primitive method that environmental pollution is arranged;
The object of the invention is exactly the shortcoming that will overcome above-mentioned technology, provides that a kind of cost is low, small investment, recycling rate be high, the method that a kind of changing food waste of particularly being convenient to the national regulation management is innoxious, subtract appearanceization and recycling treatment;
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the method for a kind of changing food waste collection, separation, accumulating and recycling treatment; Particularly; Carry out the on-the-spot Separation of Solid and Liquid of changing food waste at the restaurant; Handle the water-oil separating of carrying out swill on the special-purpose vehicle at portable changing food waste and go out waste oil and waste water, and waste water is carried out on-the-spot purification processing up to standard, the pouring utilization of at the scene water up to standard being discharged or afforesting then; Carry out the recycling and the innoxious minimizing of waste oil and solid changing food waste handles at destructor plant; Method of the present invention, form by the following step:
(1). will possess the changing food waste separation equipment of the universality that solid changing food waste and swill separation function are arranged; Or the changing food waste separation equipment that has digital intellectualization monitoring management function (like onsite alarming or long-distance alarm, the special control of discharging valve and the liquid meter of liquid level) is placed on each restaurant, office and school lunch service; Meal the kitchen personnel pour changing food waste in the above-mentioned rubbish separation equipment into, and this separation equipment can separate the solid changing food waste with swill automatically; Collect solid changing food waste and swill respectively;
(2). adopt the portable changing food waste that disposes conventional oily-water seperating equipment and purification of waste water treating apparatus to handle special-purpose vehicle; To the isolated swill of method (1); Adopt pump or vacuum tube; Be transported to portable changing food waste and handle on the special-purpose vehicle, and swill is carried out water-oil separating, the waste oil that collection and buffer memory are separated from swill; Isolated waste water is proceeded environmental purification handle, adopt known purification of waste water treatment facility and method, handle on the special-purpose vehicle at portable changing food waste that waste water is carried out purified treatment is up to standard, then with the on-the-spot discharging of water up to standard or utilize;
(3). adopt portable changing food waste to handle special-purpose vehicle, the solid changing food waste that method (1) is collected and the waste oil of method (2) collection are transported to the factory of garbage disposal;
(4). adopt known method and equipment, the waste oil that is transported to garbage disposal factory is changed into biodiesel, aliphatic acid, oleic acid and relevant chemical products, or waste oil is sold as raw material; Adopt known method, the solid changing food waste is carried out biochemical fermentation, be configured to organic fertilizer; Or high-temperature inactivation, sterilization, feed ingredient is processed in configuration; Can the solid changing food waste be heat-treated also that to carry out minimizing innoxious, like destructive distillation or burning; The flue gas that burn to produce is handled back up to standard discharging through environmental purification, and the ashes that its burning produces can landfill or as the building materials raw material, as is pressed into brick (commodity) and sells;
Described changing food waste comprises one or more following discarded materials:
I) carbohydrate: comprising: starch, animal and plant fat, oil plant, the melon and fruit that rots, rotten food, melon and fruit peel, vegetables residue, garbage, surplus food, hair, bone, animal viscera after the meal;
Ii) organic fiber material: comprising: chopsticks, fabric, waste paper, plant, cotton, cloth, yarn, wood, leaf, stem, shell, branch, grass;
Iii) metal material: comprising: beverage can, bottle cap, discarded cooker, iron filings:
Iv) its organic remains: comprising: leather, medicinal material;
V) inorganic matter: comprising: glass, pottery, porcelain;
Vi) organic polymer: comprising: waste plastics, scrap rubber;
By method of the present invention, above-mentioned each step is explained more specifically;
Described changing food waste separation equipment, the Packing netted bag of main housing, filter septum, net with holes by cylindrical or square, the swill that has intelligent digital card control device is drained parts compositions such as valve, flowmeter, leve monitor, liquid level alarm; Wherein, big or little according to each restaurant scale, described housing can adopt different volume specifications, as 50 liters, 80 liters, 100 liters, 180 liters ... ... or the like; Method of operating is: meal the kitchen personnel constantly pour changing food waste in the filter bag on changing food waste separation equipment top into; Swill string in the rubbish is crossed the mesh and the filter of Packing netted bag; Lean on gravity to filter automatically; Fall into storage in the lower part of frame container, solid refuse is deposited in the packaging bag; After the solid refuse in the packing is filled, meal the kitchen personnel will replace with the Packing netted bag of new band mesh, can continue to pour into changing food waste again; The rising scale of swill in the housing; The restaurant personnel can see through leve monitor intuitively; Or when swill in the housing rose to height and the scale of regulation, chimes of doom took place in liquid level alarm automatically, notice meal kitchen personnel; Swill in the separation equipment is about to fill or filled; Or on liquid level alarm, connecting internet line or wireless signal dispensing device, the warning message that liquid level alarm is sent directly sends to changing food waste and receives the functional department that fortune is handled unit and government regulation, so that notify timely and arrange changing food waste to handle special-purpose vehicle and come restaurant collection and processing utensil rubbishes; In order swill to be supervised effectively the comprehensive utilization of resources with science; Stop waste oil to be put on the dining table; Restaurant personnel or other staff can not pour out the swill in the separation equipment that firmly fixes on the ground and sell for money; Can not open the swill that disposes the intelligent digital control device voluntarily and drain valve, pour out swill and go to sell for money; Only hold the refuse collection personnel of intelligent digital control card; Use digital card or operator password, could swill be drained valve open, then; Swill through the flowmeter metering, is transported on the changing food waste receipts fortune car or is transported to portable changing food waste and handle on the special-purpose vehicle;
Solid-liquid separating method in the described changing food waste, the main oily water separation technique of routine or the method and apparatus of the changing food waste Separation of Solid and Liquid of on-the-spot display alarm that the control liquid level is disposed in employing or functions such as long-distance alarm, the special control of discharging valve and liquid meter of adopting.
In sum, the scene is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid, is adopted the swill collecting device that has intelligent digitalized monitoring and management changing food waste at the restaurant, is one of characteristic of the inventive method.
Described portable changing food waste is handled special-purpose vehicle, mainly is made up of like lower device and equipment known, sees shown in the accompanying drawing 2: portable changing food waste is handled special-purpose vehicle (12), oily water separating equipment (4); Purification of waste water treatment facility (7), waste oil storage tank (5), solid refuse storage bin (9), swill surge tank (11); Water buffer memory storage tank up to standard (13), generator (1), delivery pump (3,6); Waste water baffle-box (10), wheel (2), the dull and stereotyped compositions such as (8) of vehicle body;
Described vehicle can be diesel fuel car, Fuel Petroleum car, gas fuel car, liquefied gas as fuel car or rechargeable vehicle, and described the said equipment is all fixed and is coupled to each other on the flat board of vehicle body;
Described portable changing food waste is handled special-purpose vehicle, mainly handles equipment up to standard by oily water separating equipment, purification of waste water and storage facilities is formed, and possesses three kinds of functions such as the up to standard and transportation of the purification of water-oil separating, waste water of swill
Described oily water separating equipment mainly adopts disc centrifuge, tube centrifuge or air supporting method separator or other conventional oil water separator; According to specific gravity difference and immiscible principle of oil and water, waste water in the swill and waste oil to be separated, oily water separating equipment can be reduced to the oil in the swill below the 500mg/L, and collects and store waste oil and waste water respectively;
Described purification of waste water treatment facility; Mainly by following known equipment; According to sequentially being connected with pipeline and forming: promptly with delivery pump; Air supporting oil removal device, modified fibre filters and oil-collecting device, granular adsorption (like graininess diatom soil, granular activated carbon, concavo-convex excellent adsorbent, granulin molecule sieve) filter plant; Or/and counter-infiltration milipore filter purifier (comprising: one or more levels ion-exchange and millipore filter) composition, or adopt known MBR Processes and apparatus or known A/O Processes and apparatus; The waste water treatment process fast that belongs to serialization, get into the time that treatment facility (like air supporting oil removal device) to qualified discharge mouth flows out from waste water at 3-50 minute
To pass through the waste water of collecting and storing after oily water separating equipment is handled and carry out further purified treatment; Promptly; With pump this waste water is input in modified fibre filtration and the oil-collecting device; Further tackle, catch and collect Residual oil and biological and chemical aerobic substance in the waste water, the fat content in the waste water is reached below the 1mg/L; The modified fibre filtering material belongs to current advanced person's the oily hydrophilic microporous water processing filter medium of refusing; In modified fibre filtration and oil-collecting device; Hydrone and metal ion can pass through filter material; Through discharging, and oils and organic-biological aerobic substance are tackled by filter material from the bottom of this device, from the top portion of this device from discharge; Further with the waste water that filters out through the granular adsorption filter plant or/and counter-infiltration milipore filter purifier carries out purified treatment; Sorbing material such as graininess diatom soil, granular activated carbon, concavo-convex excellent adsorbent, granulin molecule sieve ... etc.; Can strong suction-operated all be arranged to non-water substances such as the heavy metal ion in the waste water, organic matter, suspension, bacteriums; Finally, the BOD5 of the water quality of discharge is below 20mg/L; COD is below 60mg/L; Vegetable and animals oils is below 1mg/L; Ammonia nitrogen is below 10mg/L; Suspension (SS) is below 20mg/L, and PH is 6.5-8; Colourity is 3; Hardness is below the 105mg/L; Total dissolved solid is below the 81mg/L; The discharging of waste water reaches National Standard GB8978-1996 " discharge standard of city I and II sewage treatment plant;
The described waste oil that will be transported to garbage disposal factory changes into biodiesel; Can adopt the known waste oil that uses to be the raw material production method of bio-diesel oil; For example, adopt the inventor to carry out biodiesel synthesis or chemical products (fatty acid methyl ester) in the technology of ZL200610090565.9 " a kind of method of continuous synthesis of biodiesel without catalyst " or ZL200610008271.7 " a kind of method that adopts fixed bed gaseous phase esterification to prepare fatty acid methyl ester ";
Describedly the solid changing food waste is heat-treated to carry out minimizing innoxious, can adopt known rubbish heat treatment method; For example, adopt the technology of the inventor in ZL200710130127.5 " a kind of sequentially processing consumer waste method ";
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. on-the-spot at the restaurant Separation of Solid and Liquid of carrying out changing food waste has reduced or has shortened the technological process of production and equipment investment in the garbage disposal factory, reduced the occupation area of equipment of Separation of Solid and Liquid;
2. adopt the changing food waste solid-liquid separating equipment of intelligent digitalized monitoring management, made things convenient for government regulator that swill or the waste oil of each restaurant discharging are specially controlled and measured, be strictly on guard against that waste oil puts on the dining table; The collection personnel that have only the company of the changing food waste collection and treatment of government's appointment to send; Adopt the digital intelligent card or the key of special breakdown valve; Just can open the swill of equipment for separating liquid from solid and drain valve, and the restaurant personnel can not open swill drainage valve or sell outward;
3. handle at portable changing food waste and implement on the special-purpose vehicle scene separation of swill and the purification qualified discharge of waste water have greatly been reduced the cost of transportation that changing food waste is handled; Especially; This movable type changing food waste is handled about 20% waste oil and the solid changing food waste that special-purpose vehicle only will account for the changing food waste total amount and is transported to garbage disposal factory; Waste water about 80% discharges or utilization again after up to standard on the spot, needs that waste water is transported to garbage disposal factory and carries out purified treatment; Reduced the processing cost of waste water, overcome swill and in long-distance transport and processing procedure, distributed unpleasant foul smell and the environmental pollution that causes;
3. on the body of a motor car flat board, can implement the water-oil separating of swill apace and handle, and the waste water of separating is purified processing up to standard and discharging, be one of characteristic of the inventive method
4. handle on the special-purpose vehicle at portable changing food waste; Configuration is the equipment up to standard of purification of waste water fast cheaply; Waste water reaches National Standard GB8978-1996 after making the changing food waste purified treatment " discharge standard of city I and II sewage treatment plant is one of characteristic of the inventive method
5. the equipment that the present invention adopted all belongs to industry and goes up the normal standardization commodity that use, and is reliable, and technology maturation is simple in structure, easy to maintenance, cheap;
6, method of the present invention; Can normalized in time changing food waste collect, separate 1,100 restaurants in city and small towns, accumulating and innoxious minimizing and recycling treatment; Be convenient to departments of government especially changing food waste is standardized and scientific management, the present invention has good industrial applicibility, novelty and creativeness.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the process chart of the inventive method; The technological process of the Separation of Solid and Liquid of the changing food waste in wherein, A frame dashed region belongs at the restaurant; B frame dashed region belongs at portable changing food waste handles the water-oil separating of carrying out swill on the special-purpose vehicle, and the technological process of the purification of waste water processing up to standard, discharging and utilization; C frame dashed region belongs to innoxious minimizing and the technological process of recycling treatment in destructor plant of solid changing food waste and waste oil
Accompanying drawing 2 is sketches that the portable changing food waste that adopts in the inventive method is handled special-purpose vehicle;
The specific embodiment
With shown in the accompanying drawing 2, in one embodiment of the invention, but the present invention is not limited like accompanying drawing 1; Method of the present invention comprises: the on-the-spot Separation of Solid and Liquid of carrying out changing food waste at the restaurant; Handle water-oil separating and the purification of waste water of carrying out swill on the special-purpose vehicle at portable changing food waste and handle the on-the-spot discharging in back up to standard; Then, waste oil and solid changing food waste are transported to innoxious, the recycling that subtracts appearanceization processing and waste oil that destructor plant carries out the changing food waste solid portion;
Concrete steps are:
I). carry out the on-the-spot Separation of Solid and Liquid of changing food waste at the restaurant:
Meal kitchen personnel constantly will add up to 102 kilograms surplus after the meal food ... multiple changing food waste such as .. is poured in the filter bag on changing food waste separation equipment top; It is 60 centimetres that present embodiment is selected diameter for use; Height is 130 centimetres a cylindrical shape changing food waste solid-liquid separating equipment; Filter bag is selected for use and is had the vinyon Packing netted bag that the aperture is the 2-4 millimeter, and this packaging bag can be adorned the solid refuse of 10-20 kilogram; Mesh that liquid in the rubbish or swill string are crossed packaging bag and the filter that is configured in the separation equipment middle and upper part lean on gravity to filter automatically, and the bottom that falls into separation equipment stores; Solid refuse is hindered filter in Packing netted bag; After the solid refuse in the packaging bag was filled, meal the kitchen personnel took out Packing netted bag from separation equipment, and the solid changing food waste weight of being weighed is 11.8 kilograms; Then, the packaging bag replacement with new can continue to pour into changing food waste again; Especially, after will having filled solid changing food waste Packing netted bag and from separation equipment, taking out, immediately common nonporous plastic bag is enclosed within outward on the Packing netted bag of having filled the solid changing food waste, in case swill flows on the ground in the Packing netted bag; The variation of the swill liquid level rising scale in this separation equipment; The restaurant personnel can see through the leve monitor that is configured on the separation equipment intuitively; Or when swill in the separation equipment rises in advance the height that is provided with and scale; Chimes of doom takes place in liquid level alarm automatically, notice meal kitchen personnel, and the swill in the separation equipment is about to fill or filled; Or on liquid level alarm, connecting internet line or wireless signal dispensing device, the warning message that liquid level alarm is sent directly sends to the functional department that changing food waste is received fortune processing unit and government regulation; After receiving restaurant personnel notice or liquid level warning information, changing food waste is handled special-purpose vehicle and is reached the restaurant in time, holds the refuse collection personnel of intelligent digital control card; Use digital card or operator password or key; The swill of separation equipment bottom is drained valve open, then, swill is measured through flowmeter; Recording swill weight is 90.2 kilograms, and the vacuum pipe that is configured on the portable changing food waste processing special-purpose vehicle (12) is drawn in the swill surge tank (11);
Ii). handle on the special-purpose vehicle (12) at portable changing food waste, the swill of collecting in a plurality of restaurants is carried out water-oil separating respectively, and the purification of waste water processing up to standard, discharging and utilization:
Disc centrifuge (4) is disposed in employing; And the portable changing food waste of the purifier (7) that combines of MBR membrane bioreactor and counter-infiltration milipore filter handles special-purpose vehicle (12), to the said method i that collects from a plurality of restaurants) isolated swill altogether 1000 kilograms handle; At first carry out water-oil separating; Particularly; With pump (3) 1000 kilograms of swills in the swill surge tank (11) constantly are conveyed in the disc centrifuge (4); Receive the high speed rotation of the interior rotary drum of centrifuge (4), swill be separated into 85 kilograms waste oil (11%, Wt%) with 915 kilograms waste water (89%; Wt%), the oil content in the waste water is reduced to 450mg/L from 85450mg/L; The waste oil of discharging from centrifuge (4) one outlets is introduced in storage the waste oil storage tank (5), and the waste water of discharging from another outlet of centrifuge (4) is introduced in buffer storage the waste water baffle-box (10); With pump (6) waste water in the waste water baffle-box (10) is input in the purification of waste water treatment facility (7) of MBR membrane bioreactor and the two arranged in series of counter-infiltration milipore filter continuously; Carry out the serialization purified treatment of waste water; Reach China national city secondary sewage drainage standard from the quality of the continuous water of discharging of equipment (7); And the water of this allow compliance with emission standards is introduced into the interior buffer memory deposit of water buffer memory storage tank up to standard (13), then watered flowers to irrigate in the on-the-spot discharging of water up to standard or scene and utilize;
Iii). adopt portable changing food waste to handle special-purpose vehicle (12), a plurality of restaurants are carried out the collection of changing food waste and the water-oil separating processing of swill respectively; Then, with step I) packaging bag that the solid changing food waste is housed of collecting, and step I i) waste oil of collecting is transported to the factory of garbage disposal with portable changing food waste processing special-purpose vehicle (12);
The waste oil that iv) will be transported to garbage disposal factory utilizes the technology of the ZL200610090565.9 " a kind of method of continuous synthesis of biodiesel without catalyst " of applicant's mandate of the present invention as raw material, produces biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester product; With the technology of the solid changing food waste that is transported to garbage disposal factory, carry out destructive distillation or pyrolysis and decompose according to the ZL200710130127.5 " a kind of sequentially processing consumer waste method " of applicant's mandate of the present invention; The solid carbon residue that thermal decomposition produces further burns, and the high-temperature flue gas that burning produces is recycled, and supplies with destructive distillation or the needed heat of thermal decomposition, and pyrolysis does not need extra fuel, has reduced the cost that the solid changing food waste is handled; The ashes that its burning produces are as the building materials raw material, as are pressed into brick (commodity) and sell;
The present invention changes into the biodiesel of high value with the waste oil of the low value of separating, and the solid changing food waste is handled the remaining ashes in back do the building materials raw material, has implemented the resource that the present invention handles changing food waste;
Through above-mentioned technical process, obtain following key data and result:
(1) changing food waste of collecting at the restaurant: 102 kilograms
Isolate the solid changing food waste: 11.8 kilograms, 11.56% (Wt%);
Isolate swill: 90.2 kilograms, 88.44% ((Wt%);
(2) on portable changing food waste dedicated processes car, swill is carried out purified treatment
Swill: 1000 kilograms (100%);
Oil-containing in the swill: 85450mg/L;
Isolate waste oil in the swill: 85 kilograms, 8.5% (Wt%);
Isolated waste water in the swill: 915 kilograms, 91.5% (Wt%);
The purified treatment parameter of waste water is following:
1. waste water oil content: 450mg/L;
2. wastewater treatment time: 24 minutes (that is, waste water is from getting into the time of purification apparatus to water discharge water cleaning equipment up to standard);
3. the quality before the wastewater treatment
I) chemical oxygen demand cod: 630mg/L;
Ii) BOD BOD5:470mg/L;
Iii) waste water oil content: 450mg/L;
Iv) suspension (SS): 88mg/L
V) ammonia nitrogen: 99mg/L
Vi) pH value: 6.8
Vii) total dissolved solid: 210mg/L
Viii) colourity (extension rate): 205
4. the quality of the water of the discharge after the purification of waste water
I) chemical oxygen demand COD: 38mg/L;
Ii) biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) BOD5:16mg/L;
The iii) oil content in the water: 1.6mg/L;
Iv) suspension (SS): 18mg/L
V) ammonia nitrogen: 0.24mg/L
Vi) pH value: 6.9
Vii) total dissolved solid: 3mg/L
Viii) colourity (extension rate): 39
Water quality after the purification reaches National Standard GB8978-1996 " discharge standard of cities and towns First Waste Water Treatment Process.
(3) at destructor plant to solid refuse destructive distillation and burning disposal, and waste oil changes into the minimizing recycling treatment of biodiesel product:
A). with the waste oil is raw material, and the main technologic parameters and the result of biodiesel synthesis are following:
I). the technical method of employing: ZL200610090565.9 " a kind of method of continuous synthesis of biodiesel without catalyst ";
Ii) the technological parameter of above-mentioned technical method and result are following:
1. response parameter:
Reaction time of esterification: 35-39 minute;
Esterification reaction pressure: 2.5-2.8MPa;
Esterification reaction temperature: 160-185 ℃;
Magnetic field treated intensity: 10000 Gausses;
Vacuum in the fractionation: 750-755 millimetres of mercury (vacuum gauge pressure)
2. reactant:
● waste oil: 1000KG:
Wherein, acid value: 88 (mgKOH/g); Moisture content; 18KG (1.8%W%); Mechanical admixture≤3%;
● methyl alcohol: 114KG, content are 99.5%;
3. product:
Fatty acid methyl ester (or biodiesel): 981KG, conversion ratio are 98.1% (W%); Wherein:
● proportion (25 ℃): 0.878g/m
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● 40 ℃ of kinematic viscosity (mm/s): 4.2;
● close flash point: 131 ℃;
● Cetane number: 61;
● calorific value: 32MJ/L;
● sulfur content: 0.0009% (Wt%);
● cold filter plugging point :-5 ℃;
● carbon residue (Wt%): 0.03%;
● ash content (Wt%): 0.025%;
● methanol content (Wt%): 0.21%;
Neutralization number (KOH) mg/kg:0.22
B). through the technical process of pyrolysis or destructive distillation, burning, meal kitchen solid refuse is carried out innoxious appearanceization and the recycling treatment of subtracting, its main technologic parameters and result are following:
I). the technology of the technical method of employing: ZL200710130127.5 " a kind of sequentially processing consumer waste method ";
Ii) obtain following key data and result through above-mentioned technical process:
Solid changing food waste: 1000KG;
Rubbish physical property (W%): moisture 34.6%, the total solid class (comprise leftovers, chopsticks, bone, fishbone, waste plastics packaging bag, clout, rotten food, vegetables residue, garbage, after the meal surplus food, hair, animal viscera, melon and fruit peel, cellulose, starch, crown cap, or the like) 65.4%;
The volume of 1000KG rubbish: 0.563M
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The elementary analysis of rubbish: H6.9% (w%); O 43.9% (w%); C 38.48% (w%); S 0.12% (w%); N 1.1% (w%); Metal and inorganic matter 9.5% (w%);
Catalyst for cracking: 12KG (ZSM-5 by 40% and 60% carrier constitute after mixing);
Drier internal temperature: 99-130 ℃;
Cracking reaction temperature: 380-410 ℃;
The flue-gas temperature that combustion furnace produces: 850-1050 ℃
The processing time of rubbish: 55 minutes;
Thermally cracked kettle internal pressure: 0.04-0.07Mpa
Drier internal pressure: 0.04-0.07Mpa
Product (W%):
Imflammable gas: 34KG accounts for 3.4%;
Inorganic residues and metal: 95KG accounts for 9.5%
Moisture (comprising the water that dehydration, drying and cracking produce): 714KG accounts for 71.4%;
Other (comprising the various acid gas components in the flue gas): 157KG accounts for 15.7%;
Rubbish subtracts the appearance effect:
The averag density of residue and metal: 3.02 tons/M
3
95KG residue and metal account for volume: 0.0314M
3(0.095 ÷ 3.02)
The remaining rate of rubbish (V%): 5.58% [(0.0314 ÷ 0.563) * 100%]
Rubbish volume reduction rate (V%): 94.2% [100%-5.58%].
Claims (3)
1. the method for a changing food waste collection, separation, accumulating and recycling treatment, form by the following step:
(1). will possess the changing food waste separation equipment of the universality that solid changing food waste and swill separation function are arranged; Or the changing food waste separation equipment that has digital intellectualization monitoring management function is placed on each restaurant, office and school lunch service; Meal the kitchen personnel pour changing food waste in the above-mentioned rubbish separation equipment into, and this separation equipment can separate the solid changing food waste with swill automatically; Collect solid changing food waste and swill respectively;
(2). adopt the portable changing food waste that disposes conventional oily-water seperating equipment and purification of waste water treating apparatus to handle special-purpose vehicle; To the isolated swill of method (1); Adopt pump or vacuum tube; Be transported to portable changing food waste and handle on the special-purpose vehicle, and swill is carried out water-oil separating, the waste oil that collection and buffer memory are separated from swill; Isolated waste water is proceeded environmental purification handle, adopt known purification of waste water treatment facility and method, handle on the special-purpose vehicle at portable changing food waste that waste water is carried out purified treatment is up to standard, then with the on-the-spot discharging of water up to standard or utilize;
(3). adopt portable changing food waste to handle special-purpose vehicle, the solid changing food waste that method (1) is collected and the waste oil of method (2) collection are transported to the factory of garbage disposal;
(4). adopt known method and equipment, the waste oil that is transported to garbage disposal factory is changed into biodiesel, aliphatic acid, oleic acid and relevant chemical products, or waste oil is sold as raw material; Adopt known method, the solid changing food waste is carried out biochemical fermentation, be configured to organic fertilizer; Or high-temperature inactivation, sterilization, feed ingredient is processed in configuration; Can the solid changing food waste be heat-treated also that to carry out minimizing innoxious, like destructive distillation or burning; The flue gas that burn to produce is handled back up to standard discharging through environmental purification, and the ashes that its burning produces can landfill or as the building materials raw material, as is pressed into brick and sells.
2. according to the method for claim 1; It is characterized in that: the solid-liquid separating method in the described changing food waste, the main oily water separation technique of routine or the method and apparatus of the changing food waste Separation of Solid and Liquid of on-the-spot display alarm that the control liquid level is disposed in employing or functions such as long-distance alarm, the special control of discharging valve and liquid meter of adopting.
3. according to the method for claim 1; It is characterized in that: described portable changing food waste is handled special-purpose vehicle; Mainly handle equipment up to standard by oily water separating equipment, purification of waste water and storage facilities is formed, it is up to standard and transport three kinds of functions that this car possesses water-oil separating, the purification of waste water of swill.
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