CN1463805A - Kitchen residual material recycling process - Google Patents
Kitchen residual material recycling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1463805A CN1463805A CN02112162A CN02112162A CN1463805A CN 1463805 A CN1463805 A CN 1463805A CN 02112162 A CN02112162 A CN 02112162A CN 02112162 A CN02112162 A CN 02112162A CN 1463805 A CN1463805 A CN 1463805A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The technological process of utilizing meal leftovers includes clean collection of leftovers in the producing places; in-situ draining to reduce volume; nearby sterilizing and dewatering with small efficient treating apparatus; fresh-maintaining storing and clean transportation to processing factory; and crushing, sterilizing, drying and sieving to produce feed material in the processing factory. The overall process is one clean production process with zero exhaust and no pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of resource and reclaim comprehensive utilization, relate in particular to a kind of meal kitchen residue resourceization and utilize technology.
Background technology
Meal kitchen residue is often referred to food blanking and the food residues that generates dining table from hotel, restaurant, enterprises and institutions dining room, the kitchen.Its main solid constituent comprises organic substances such as starch based, food fiber class, animal tallow class.Meal kitchen residue is considered to " changing food waste (being commonly called as hogwash) " usually.Collection, transportation and the treatment system of kitchen residue of eating of complete being specially adapted for of neither one still at present in the big or middle city of China.The problem that exists has: meal kitchen residue falls the existing refuse collection of people room (case, bucket) and will additionally produce more sewage and foul smell, and has increased germ, mosquitos and flies and multiply possibility with transmission; The run, drip, leak phenomenon appears in house refuse clearing and transporting vehicle transportation easily on the way when eating the kitchen residue; The urban district is far away excessively to the refuse landfill haul distance, and collecting and transferring system investment and operating cost are higher; Meal kitchen residue direct landfill is increased the processing pressure of refuse landfill, shortened the plan service life of landfill yard, and increased the generation of landfill yard sewage and biogas, aggravated the secondary pollution of landfill yard.Consider the collection of meal kitchen residue in the existing receipts of the garbage burning factory fortune scheme; Meal kitchen residue water content is very high, and calorific value is lower, is unsuitable for direct burning, needs incineration plant to add and joins the mechanical dehydration device.For addressing the above problem, be necessary to set up a cover is utilized as purpose with meal kitchen residue resourceization receipts fortune treatment system.
The method of present domestic processing " changing food waste " mainly contains three classes, and they cut both ways.
1, composting process: this is that " changing food waste " the most frequently used method is handled in the city.This method collects " changing food waste " by adopting special transport vehicle, transports to the suburbs dung yard, allows its fermentation become fertilizer.The advantage of this method is: the collection efficiency height, handle simple, expense is low.Shortcoming is: required place is big, long processing period, and output object (fertilizer) economic worth is low; And sewage and foul smell that dung yard produces might become new pollution sources.Concerning the high city of the nervous land values of land used, not optimal selection.
2, biochemical treatment process: adopt microorganism or chemical mode, " changing food waste " decomposed on the spot, eliminates.It has less collection transportation, treatment effeciency height, advantages such as low pollution.But bigger defective is also arranged, as: resource utilization degree is low, and disposal cost height (installation cost, running cost) is difficult to generally promote, and also exists potential biological inoculum safety issue.Therefore it only is applicable to those inaccessible places of main gathering system, as: outer suburbs, island etc.
3, feed is made in the changing food waste regeneration: adopt extraordinary transport vehicle from each restaurant, dining room, " changing food waste " collected deliver to centralized treatment plant.Through letter sorting, carry out dewatered drying then earlier, pulverize again and make feed.Its output object has higher economic value.Expose following defective in experiment at present: one, " changing food waste " collects difficulty, workload is big, cost is high.Because " changing food waste " moisture content height, in transportation, easily produce the run, drip, leak phenomenon, and, " changing food waste " is perishable material, particularly in summer, temperature is everlasting more than 30 ℃, before obtains on the turn handling in order to make " changing food waste ", and transport vehicle goes to collect with regard to the output point of must whenever eating.Two, " changing food waste " sorting work difficulty is big, efficient is low.Be stranded for " changing food waste " often being mixed with various impurity, as: tableware (spoon, chopsticks, the disposable plastic tablecloth etc.), rag, beverage bottle etc., these impurity need the manual sorting to come out.This procedure becomes the bottleneck in whole " changing food waste " processing procedure.In summer, be fresh even transport to " changing food waste " of treatment plant, do not finish but reach letter sorting, just rotten.As seen from the above analysis, based on the changing food waste thing treatment system of this method design, it is big that its problem that occurs in collecting, transport, sorting solves difficulty.
The common ground of above-mentioned three kinds of methods all is after meal kitchen residue becomes changing food waste (hogwash), carries out collection and treatment again.This is a kind of traditional processing mode.People generally believe that the thing that needs environmental sanitation department to handle is exactly a rubbish, so the processing method that proposes under this thought guidance be unable to do without " refuse disposal ".
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of new meal kitchen residue treatment process, reaches high efficiency, low cost, zero-emission, recycling to greatest extent.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of meal kitchen residue resourceization utilizes technology, is characterized in that the processing step of described technology is:
A, the collection of keeping a public place clean:
In the hotel, places such as restaurant, dining room, to collections of keeping a public place clean of meal kitchen residue, control foreign material content＜5 ‰,＜3 millimeters on the straight warp of foreign material volume;
B, draining drop oil:
Adopt draining, drop oil drum, drain meal kitchen residue, drained meal kitchen residue water content≤75% after draining time 15-60 minute;
C, fresh-keeping depositing:
The fresh-keeping bucket that the employing volume is 50～200 liters is deposited the meal kitchen residue after draining, and puts in shady and cool dry place, and the time of putting is no more than 4 hours;
D, sterilization dehydration:
Adopt the sterilization dewatering processing device, to the dehydration of sterilizing of meal kitchen residue, sterilising temp is controlled at 80 ℃-200 ℃, meal kitchen residue water content≤68% after treatment, loss of weight 20%;
E, fresh-keeping storage:
Adopt fresh-keeping bucket to deposit meal kitchen residue after sterilization dehydration, be positioned over shady and cool dry place, be no more than 48 hours standing time;
F, the receipts of keeping a public place clean fortune:
Use van-type vehicle, receive fortune meal kitchen residue, single is received 3-6 of fortune point, and the single transportation range is less than 60 kilometers, and single was received the fortune time less than 3 hours;
G, oven dry are pulverized:
The kitchen residue of will eating sterilizes, dry, pulverize, screening, make feedstuff, the moisture content of made feedstuff is 10-11%.
Above-mentioned meal kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, wherein, nontoxic, resistant material making that the draining drop oil drum among the described step b adopts, its filter screen aperture is 0.84 millimeter (20 order).
Above-mentioned meal kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, and wherein, employed fresh-keeping bucket adopts nontoxic, corrosion-resistant, lightweight, high-strength material to make among described step c and the step e, and this barrel is provided with the capping of a good seal.
Above-mentioned meal kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, wherein, in described step c, d, e, f, g, meal kitchen residue sanitary index after treatment is: total plate count (cfu/g or Ml)≤30000, coliform (MPN100g or Ml)≤90, mould (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, yeast (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, pathogenic bacteria can not detect.
Above-mentioned meal kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, and wherein, employed sterilization dewatering processing device is the microwave sterilization drying equipment in the described steps d.
Because the present invention has adopted above technical scheme, makes it have following advantage and characteristics:
1, economic benefit height: adopt meal of the present invention kitchen residue resourceization to utilize the nutrition of the feedstuff that technology makes to reach the relevant feedstuff standard (referring to table 1, table 2) of country's promulgation, can sell with reference to the relevant feedstuff market price, create very high economic benefit.
2, can reduce cost of transportation: original meal kitchen residue moisture content reaches 80%, reduces to 75% through moisture content behind the draining, reduces to 68% through sterilization dehydration back moisture content.Decrement, loss of weight effect are remarkable.Calculate by the moisture content loss of weight after the sterilization dehydration, freight volume can reduce 35%; The moisture content loss of weight of pressing behind the draining calculates, and freight volume can reduce 20%.Can reduce cost of transportation greatly.
3, realize cleaner production: owing to carry out source control, processing on the spot, the collection of keeping a public place clean, the transportation of keeping a public place clean make to receive fortune and focus on to reach zero-emission, have reduced the environmental protection investments and the environmental protection operating cost that are used to handle secondary pollution.
4, improve urban environment: because the preliminary treatment in source, meal kitchen residue moisture content is controlled, has stopped the run, drip, leak phenomenon in the transportation.Because the recycling rate improves, the situation of landfill, burning greatly reduces, and takies the also corresponding minimizing of situation of urban land, helps the sustainable development in city.
5, turn waste into wealth, enriched feed resource, saved grain resource.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 utilizes the technological process block-diagram of technology for a kind of kitchen residue resourceization of eating of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of meal of the present invention kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, comprises the collection of keeping a public place clean, draining drop oil, the fresh-keeping dehydration of depositing, sterilize, fresh-keeping storage, keeps a public place clean and receive processes such as transporting, dry pulverizing, is processed into feedstuff at last.
The at first meal kitchen residue that places such as hotel, restaurant, dining room, eating house are produced collections of keeping a public place clean guarantees that collected meal kitchen residue is clean, sanitary, foreign material content＜5 ‰, and the foreign material volume is＜3 millimeters on warp directly;
The meal kitchen residue that then will the collect special-purpose draining drop oil drum of packing into drains profit, and the time of draining is no less than 15 minutes, reaches meal kitchen residue water content≤75% after draining; Water that drop goes out and oil, the waste water, the waste oil treatment system that enter former hotel, restaurant, dining room are handled;
The meal kitchen residue that drains behind the profit was wanted fresh-keeping depositing before handling, place it in the fresh-keeping bucket of 50～200 liters of volumes, put in shady and cool dry place.The fresh-keeping sanitary index of depositing is: total plate count (cfu/g or Ml)≤30000, coliform (MPN100g or Ml)≤90, mould (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, yeast (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, pathogenic bacteria can not detect;
Then the meal kitchen residue in the fresh-keeping bucket is concentrated the dehydration of sterilizing, the sterilization dehydration is carried out in the microwave sterilization drying equipment, make original moisture content height, putrefactive meal kitchen residue partial dehydration, and reach sterilization, fresh-keeping purpose, sterilising temp is: 80 ℃-200 ℃, meal kitchen residue water content≤68% after the sterilization processed, loss of weight 20%; The sanitary index of meal kitchen, sterilization back residue is: total plate count (cfu/g or Ml)≤30000, coliform (MPN100g or Ml)≤90, mould (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, yeast (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, pathogenic bacteria must not detect.
Is waiting the as ready will fresh-keeping storage before going to handle factory to the meal kitchen residue after the sterilization dehydration, in its fresh-keeping bucket of packing into, be positioned over shady and cool dry place, the sanitary index of meal kitchen residue is in storage period: total plate count (cfu/g or Ml)≤30000, coliform (MPN100g or Ml)≤90, mould (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, yeast (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, pathogenic bacteria can not detect.
When the meal kitchen residue fortune in the fresh-keeping bucket is gone to treatment plant, to accomplish to keep a public place clean to receive and transport, take the container handling conveying method to receive fortune meal kitchen residue, single is received 3-6 of fortune point, the single transportation range is less than 60 kilometers, single was received the fortune time less than 3 hours, when transporting to treatment plant, the sanitary index of meal kitchen residue is: total plate count (cfu/g or Ml)≤30000, coliform (MPN100g or Ml)≤90, mould (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, yeast (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, pathogenic bacteria can not detect.
The meal kitchen residue of transporting to treatment plant is processed into feedstuff through further sterilization, oven dry, pulverizing, screening; The moisture content of made feedstuff is 10-11%, and sanitary index is: total plate count (cfu/g or Ml)≤30000, coliform (MPN100g or Ml)≤90, mould (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, yeast (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, pathogenic bacteria can not detect.
A kind of kitchen residue resourceization of eating of the present invention is utilized the test examples of technology
The place: the pavilion restaurant interprets a dream in Shanghai City
Time: noon on April 29th, 2002
Experimental condition: 26 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 82%
Process of the test:
1, collects the whole meal kitchen residue that produces during afternoon session 11:00～13:00, get 45.86 kilograms.
2, adopt 20 mesh filter screen draining drops oil 15 minutes, weigh, get 39.16 kilograms.
3,39.16 kilograms of meal kitchen residues are divided into 2 parts, portion is numbered 0, weighs 4.30 kilograms, and sample in contrast, the capacity of leaving in are in 50 liters the fresh-keeping bucket, to add a cover and leave standstill, and make Bacteria Culture after 48 hours; Another part is numbered 1, weighs 34.86 kilograms, puts the dehydration sterilizing installation into, and 105 ℃ of temperature are set, and sterilizes 1 hour, weighs, and gets 27.48 kilograms.
4, the meal kitchen residue (sample 1) after will sterilizing is divided into 2 parts, aly weighs 8.40 kilograms, is designated as numbering 2, and another part is heavy 19.08 kilograms, is designated as numbering 3.
5, No. 2 samples being left in capacity is in 50 liters the fresh-keeping bucket, to add a cover, and makes Bacteria Culture after 48 hours.
6, No. 3 samples are put into baking oven, dry to constant weight for 105 ℃, get 6.45 kilograms; Sample fragmentation after will drying with pulverizer by 100 eye mesh screen sub-sieves, is got oversize (being designated as numbering 4) and is done the nutritional labeling analysis.
Test data sheet and result are as follows:
Original meal kitchen residue moisture content is 77.24%;
Residue moisture content behind draining drop oil in original meal kitchen is 73.35%, and dehydration rate is 14.60%;
Moisture content was 66.19% after sterilization was dewatered 1 hour, and dehydration rate is 21.00%;
No. 0 sample was through 24 hours Bacteria Culture, and total number of bacteria is 10,000,000/g, coliform 2.4 * 10
5Individual/g.
No. 2 samples were through 24 hours Bacteria Culture, and total number of bacteria is 1000/g, and coliform does not detect.
Branch analysis is formed in No. 4 sample operation, and the result is as shown in table 1: table 1
The result of this test examples shows, process of the present invention can solve the residue sterilization of meal kitchen, fresh-keeping, dry, the problem of dewatering, and the sanitary index of its output object and nutrition can be used as feedstuff fully.Table 2 has been listed the part national standard of relevant feedstuff nutrition.The table of comparisons 1 and table 2 as can be known, the feedstuff that adopts process of the present invention to make is compared with the feedstuff that grain makes with other, its crude fibre and protein content all are in the medium level of the feedstuff that makes with grain.Table 2
| Numbering | Sample | The Interventions Requested title | Assay | Numbering | Sample | The Interventions Requested title | Assay |
| ?2000-982 | Do not add bacterium | Moisture content | ??19.80％ | ?2000-983 | Add bacterium | Moisture content | ??6.70％ |
| Crude fat | ??5.60％ | Crude fat | ??10.70％ | ||||
| Crude fibre | ??5.60％ | Crude fibre | ??4.8 |
| Plant swill | Protein | ??14.40％ | Plant swill | Protein | ??21％ | ||
| Salt | ??1.10％ | Salt | ??1.50％ | ||||
| Calcium | ??0.50％ | Calcium | ??0.92％ | ||||
| Total phosphorus | ??0.54％ | Total phosphorus | ??0.61％ | ||||
| Salmonella | Negative | Salmonella | Negative |
| National standard | Title | Rank | Crude fat, % | Crude fibre, % | Thick protein, % |
| ?GB/T?17890-1999 | The feed corn | ??1 | ????≥10.0 | ||
| ?GB?10364-89 | Feed is used jowar | ??1 | ????＜2.0 | ????≥9.0 | |
| ?GB?10365-89 | Feed paddy | ??1 | ????＜9.0 | ????≥8.0 | |
| ?GB?10366-89 | The feed wheat | ??1 | ????＜2.0 | ????≥14.0 | |
| ?GB?10367-89 | The feed barley | ??1 | ????＜5.0 | ????≥11.0 | |
| ?GB?10368-89 | The feed wheat bran | ??1 | ????＜9.0 | ????≥15.0 | |
| ?GB?10374-89 | The feed rape cake | ??1 | ????＜10.0 | ????＜14.0 | ????≥37.0 |
| ?GB?10379-89 | The feed soybean cake | ??1 | ????＜8.0 | ????＜5.0 | ????≥41.0 |
Claims (5)
1, a kind of meal kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, and it is characterized in that: the processing step of described technology is:
A, the collection of keeping a public place clean:
In the hotel, places such as restaurant, dining room, to collections of keeping a public place clean of meal kitchen residue, control foreign material content＜5 ‰,＜3 millimeters on the straight warp of foreign material volume;
B, draining drop oil:
Adopt draining, drop oil drum, drain meal kitchen residue, drained meal kitchen residue water content≤75% after draining time 15-60 minute;
C, fresh-keeping depositing:
The fresh-keeping bucket that the employing volume is 50～200 liters is deposited the meal kitchen residue after draining, and puts in shady and cool dry place, and the time of putting is no more than 4 hours;
D, sterilization dehydration:
Adopt the sterilization dewatering processing device, to the dehydration of sterilizing of meal kitchen residue, sterilising temp is controlled at 80 ℃-200 ℃, meal kitchen residue water content≤68% after treatment, loss of weight 20%;
E, fresh-keeping storage:
Adopt fresh-keeping bucket to deposit meal kitchen residue after sterilization dehydration, be positioned over shady and cool dry place, be no more than 48 hours standing time;
F, the receipts of keeping a public place clean fortune:
Use van-type vehicle, receive fortune meal kitchen residue, single is received 3-6 of fortune point, and the single transportation range is less than 60 kilometers, and single was received the fortune time less than 3 hours;
G, oven dry are pulverized:
The kitchen residue of will eating sterilizes, dry, pulverize, screening, make feedstuff, the moisture content of made feedstuff is 10-11%.
2, meal according to claim 1 kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, it is characterized in that: the draining drop oil drum among the described step b adopts nontoxic, resistant material to make, and its filter screen aperture is 0.84 millimeter (20 order).
3, meal according to claim 1 kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, it is characterized in that: employed fresh-keeping bucket adopts nontoxic, corrosion-resistant, lightweight, high-strength material to make among described step c and the step e, and this barrel is provided with the capping of a good seal.
4, meal according to claim 1 kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, it is characterized in that: in described step c, d, e, f, g, meal kitchen residue sanitary index after treatment is: total plate count (cfu/g or Ml)≤30000, coliform (MPN100g or Ml)≤90, mould (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, yeast (cfu/g or Ml)≤25, pathogenic bacteria can not detect.
5, meal according to claim 1 kitchen residue resourceization is utilized technology, and it is characterized in that: employed sterilization dewatering processing device is the microwave sterilization drying equipment in the described steps d.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02112162A CN1463805A (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2002-06-21 | Kitchen residual material recycling process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02112162A CN1463805A (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2002-06-21 | Kitchen residual material recycling process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1463805A true CN1463805A (en) | 2003-12-31 |
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ID=29742067
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02112162A Pending CN1463805A (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2002-06-21 | Kitchen residual material recycling process |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100463696C (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-02-25 | 青海洁神环境能源产业有限公司 | Kitchen garbage pathogenic bacteria high-temperature inactivation technology |
| CN101912867A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-12-15 | 林敏� | Machine for comprehensive treatment of kitchen wastes |
| CN102511651A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-06-27 | 中国包装和食品机械总公司 | Method for preparing feed additive by using table and kitchen waste |
| CN102553884A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 周鼎力 | Method for collecting, separating, storing, transporting and reutilizing kitchen waste |
| CN102580985A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-18 | 华南师范大学 | Kitchen waste treatment method by utilizing mealworms |
| CN103286114A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-09-11 | 高翁斌 | An ecological resource recycling process for garbage from farmers markets and kitchens |
| CN112371684A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-02-19 | 广州市凯卫莎环保科技有限公司 | Process method for treating kitchen waste |
| CN112371685A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-02-19 | 广州市凯卫莎环保科技有限公司 | Process method for treating fruit and vegetable garbage |
-
2002
- 2002-06-21 CN CN02112162A patent/CN1463805A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100463696C (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-02-25 | 青海洁神环境能源产业有限公司 | Kitchen garbage pathogenic bacteria high-temperature inactivation technology |
| CN101912867A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-12-15 | 林敏� | Machine for comprehensive treatment of kitchen wastes |
| CN102553884A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 周鼎力 | Method for collecting, separating, storing, transporting and reutilizing kitchen waste |
| CN102511651A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-06-27 | 中国包装和食品机械总公司 | Method for preparing feed additive by using table and kitchen waste |
| CN102580985A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-18 | 华南师范大学 | Kitchen waste treatment method by utilizing mealworms |
| CN103286114A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-09-11 | 高翁斌 | An ecological resource recycling process for garbage from farmers markets and kitchens |
| CN112371684A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-02-19 | 广州市凯卫莎环保科技有限公司 | Process method for treating kitchen waste |
| CN112371685A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-02-19 | 广州市凯卫莎环保科技有限公司 | Process method for treating fruit and vegetable garbage |
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