CN211330683U

CN211330683U - Kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system

Info

Publication number: CN211330683U
Application number: CN201921340397.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈晓林; 胡斌; 胡刘敏; 尹茂思
Original assignee: Shenzhen Discovery Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Discovery Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-16
Filing date: 2019-08-16
Publication date: 2020-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-16

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of waste treatment, especially, relate to a kitchen discarded object utilization integration system. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system comprises a feeding mechanism, a pre-storage box, a sorting conveyer belt, a crusher, a dehydrator and a fermentation device which are sequentially arranged, wherein the feeding mechanism is arranged on the pre-storage box and used for lifting materials to a feeding port at the top of the pre-storage box; a filter screen for draining is arranged in the pre-storage box, and a discharge port of the pre-storage box is positioned right above the sorting conveyer belt; the crusher is positioned at the tail end of the sorting conveyer belt, and a discharge port of the crusher is communicated with a feed port of the dehydrator; the fermentation device is used for treating the materials dehydrated by the dehydrator. The utility model provides a kitchen discarded object utilization integration system has reached simple structure, handling capacity is big, effectively realizes kitchen garbage's minimizing and utilization's purpose, and the kitchen garbage that significantly reduces can provide a large amount of high-quality fertilizer to the pollution at soil and water source for crop production.

Description

Kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of waste treatment, especially, relate to a kitchen discarded object utilization integration system.

Background

Kitchen waste is a general term for food waste and kitchen waste. The food wastes refer to food residues of restaurants, unit canteens and the like and wastes of post-kitchen processing processes of fruits, vegetables, meat, grease, pastry and the like; the kitchen waste refers to perishable organic waste such as discarded fruit and vegetable and food leftovers, melon and fruit peels in daily life of a family. The kitchen waste is higher in water content, oil content and salt content than other waste, rich in nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, rich in organic matters such as protein, starch, cellulose and fat, and high in bioenergy, but easy to decay and stink, in order to improve the utilization rate of classified resources, people change the organic matters in the kitchen waste into usable fertilizer, and particularly, organic waste such as kitchen waste, plants and domestic sludge is subjected to biological decomposition and decomposition through the activity of microorganisms in the nature, so that the organic waste is finally converted into organic fertilizer, finally enters the soil and is absorbed by the plants again, and the organic waste is converted and utilized.

However, the traditional or natural fermentation has many disadvantages and shortcomings, such as long fermentation time of organic fertilizer in nature, low fermentation efficiency and quality and a large amount of odor generated in the fermentation process.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides the following technical solutions.

The application provides a kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system, which comprises a feeding mechanism, a pre-storage box, a sorting conveyer belt, a crusher, a dehydrator and a fermentation device which are arranged in sequence,

the feeding mechanism is arranged on the pre-storage box and used for lifting materials to a feeding port at the top of the pre-storage box;

a filter screen for draining is arranged in the pre-storage box, and a discharge port of the pre-storage box is positioned right above the sorting conveyer belt;

the crusher is positioned at the tail end of the sorting conveyer belt, and a discharge hole of the crusher is communicated with a feed hole of the dehydrator;

the fermentation device is used for treating the material dehydrated by the dehydrator.

Further, a crusher for coarse crushing is further arranged at the discharge port of the pre-storage box, and the discharge granularity of the crusher is 5-10 cm.

Further, the slope of letter sorting conveyer belt is arranged just the tail end of letter sorting conveyer belt is higher than the head end, the rubbing crusher is arranged under the tail end of letter sorting conveyer belt, the hydroextractor is arranged under the rubbing crusher, place the case of accepting that is used for connecing the dehydration back material under the hydroextractor.

Furthermore, the discharge granularity of the crusher is 3-6mm, and the dehydrator is a spiral dehydrator.

Further, kitchen discarded object utilization integration system still includes the effluent disposal unit, the effluent disposal unit is including the waste water collection circuit, waste water tank, oil water separator and the filtration sediment device that connect gradually, the waste water collection circuit is arranged in collecting the waste water that kitchen discarded object utilization integration system produced to waste water tank, oil water separator is arranged in separating the waste water of collecting in the waste water tank for grease and sewage, the filtration sediment device be used for with sewage purification.

Further, the filtering and precipitating device is a filtering device or a precipitating tank.

Further, meal kitchen discarded object utilization integration system still includes the exhaust-gas treatment unit, the exhaust-gas treatment unit is including the waste gas collection circuit, spiral cooling tower, spray column, UV photodissociation case and the active carbon adsorption device that connect gradually.

Further, kitchen discarded object utilization integration system still includes deodorization unit, deodorization unit includes odor collecting pipeline and biological deodorization filtering pond.

Further, the deodorization unit also comprises an atomizing nozzle arranged above the exposed garbage, and the atomizing nozzle is used for spraying deodorization strains.

Further, the deodorization unit further comprises an odor sensor.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages: the utility model provides a kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system arranges according to the flow order of raw materials incoming, preliminary treatment, categorised letter sorting, breakage, transport, fermentation, the ejection of compact, reaches simple structure, handling capacity is big, effectively realizes kitchen garbage's minimizing and resource utilization's purpose, and the kitchen garbage that significantly reduces can provide a large amount of high-quality fertilizer to the pollution at soil and water source for crop production.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is an equipment layout diagram of a kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is an apparatus structure diagram of a pretreatment portion of the kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a pre-storage bin and lift mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an exhaust gas treatment unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a wastewater treatment unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

In the figure:

1. a feeding mechanism; 101. a chain; 102. a drive gear; 2. pre-storing the box; 3. sorting a conveying belt; 4. a pulverizer; 5. a dehydrator; 6. a fermentation device; 7. a wastewater treatment unit; 701. A wastewater collection line; 702. a wastewater tank; 703. an oil-water separation device; 704. a filtration and precipitation device; 8. an exhaust gas treatment unit; 801. an exhaust gas collection line; 802. a helical cooling tower; 803. a spray tower; 804. a UV photolysis tank; 805. an activated carbon adsorption unit; 9. a dustbin; 10. a receiving box.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "middle", "outer", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.

Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

Furthermore, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "secured" are to be construed broadly. For example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying examples and figures 1-5.

The application provides a kitchen waste resource utilization integration system, wherein kitchen waste includes but not limited to vegetable head, vegetable tail, leftovers, fruit skin and green rubbish. As shown in fig. 1, the kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a pre-storage box 2, a sorting conveyer belt 3, a crusher 4, a dehydrator 5 and a fermentation device 6 which are arranged in sequence. The feeding mechanism 1 is arranged on the pre-storage box 2 and used for lifting materials to a feeding port at the top of the pre-storage box 2; a filter screen for draining is arranged in the pre-storage box 2, and a discharge port of the pre-storage box 2 is positioned right above the sorting conveyer belt 3; the crusher 4 is positioned at the tail end of the sorting conveyer belt 3, and a discharge hole of the crusher 4 is communicated with a feed hole of the dehydrator 5; the fermentation device 6 is used for treating the material dehydrated by the dehydrator 5. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system that this embodiment provided arranges according to the flow order of raw materials incoming, preliminary treatment, categorised letter sorting, breakage, transport, fermentation, the ejection of compact, reaches simple structure, handling capacity is big, effectively realizes kitchen waste's minimizing and resource utilization's purpose, and the pollution of kitchen waste to soil and water source significantly reduces, can provide a large amount of high-quality fertilizer for crop production.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the feeding mechanism 1 is disposed on the pre-storage bin 2 and can be used for lifting a standard 240-liter dustbin 9, on one hand, the dustbin 9 of this size is generally loaded by about 70%, the total weight is below 150KG, and the cleaning and carrying worker can push the dustbin; secondly, the garbage can 9 is used for containing garbage, plastic bags and the like are saved, and plastic pollution is reduced. The lifting machine is designed in the feeding mechanism 1, the garbage can is lifted and then dumped by adopting a pneumatic or electric mode, the garbage can enters the pre-storage box 2 by utilizing the gravity of raw materials, for example, as shown in the figure, the garbage box 9 is driven by the chain 101 to move upwards by driving the vertically arranged chain 101 in an electric mode, and the garbage box 9 is overturned along with the turning of the chain 101 at the driving gear 102 at the top.

The main function of the pre-storage box 2 is draining, the working mode of the pre-storage box can be designed by stirring or a roller, the auxiliary filter screen drains part of water, a recoil device can be designed in the pre-storage box 2, and the filter screen can be prevented from being blocked while draining. Meanwhile, deodorant strains can be sprayed above the prestoring box 2, so that the problem of odor in the early stage can be solved.

According to the composition characteristics of the organic garbage, a coarse crushing device is added as necessary, for example, as shown in the figure, a crusher for coarse crushing is further arranged at the discharge port of the pre-storage box 2, and the discharge granularity of the crusher can be 5-10 cm. The large materials are crushed into about 5-10 cm materials by primary coarse crushing.

The main function of letter sorting conveyer belt 3 is to prestore the material of case 2 after preliminary waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall and carry crushing and dewatering mechanism, so take the mode of conveyer belt, consider that the conveyer belt possesses the inspection function, when actual operation, can arrange 1 people to inspect, the discovery has the condition such as plastics, fabric, metal, in time sorts out to the rubbish classification source of feedback front end requires that the source controls rubbish classification well. In fact, if source classification consciousness is high, classification is serious, the section can be directly omitted, and the materials can be directly crushed and dehydrated after water dropping or coarse crushing.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the sorting conveyer belt 3 is obliquely arranged, the tail end of the sorting conveyer belt 3 is higher than the head end, the crusher 4 is arranged under the tail end of the sorting conveyer belt 3, the dehydrator 5 is arranged under the crusher 4, and the receiving box 10 for containing dehydrated materials is arranged under the dehydrator 5. Wherein the discharge granularity of the crusher 4 is 3-6mm, and the dehydrator 5 can be a spiral dehydrator. The crusher 4 and the dehydrator 5 are designed at the tail end of the sorting conveyer belt 3, the conveyed materials fall into the crusher 4 by natural gravity after being lifted by the sorting conveyer belt 3, the crusher 4 is high in design precision and can crush the materials into fine crushed materials of about 3-6 mm; after entering the spiral dehydrator 5, the materials are dehydrated by extrusion to become semi-dry materials with the water content of less than 50%, and then the materials in the receiving box 10 can be sent to the fermentation device 6. Specifically, the fermentation device 6 may also be provided with a lifting mechanism for lifting the receiving box 10 and then dumping the material in the receiving box 10 into the fermentation device 6 from the top of the fermentation device 6. Through the structural arrangement, the dehydration and the crushing are realized through mechanical treatment, and the requirements of scale and efficiency can be completely met.

The solid after passing is sent into a fermentation device 6, fermentation strains are added, and the conditions such as corresponding temperature, humidity and oxygen are matched, the aerobic fermentation principle is utilized, the wet garbage is rapidly fermented and decomposed by microorganisms, high-content biochemical humic acid is produced, and the biochemical humic acid can be converted into high-efficiency biological organic fertilizer.

In some embodiments, the kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system further includes a wastewater treatment unit 7, as shown in fig. 5, the wastewater treatment unit 7 includes a wastewater collection line 701, a wastewater tank 702, an oil-water separation device 703 and a filtering and settling device 704 that are connected in sequence, the wastewater collection line 701 is used for collecting wastewater generated by the kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system into the wastewater tank 702, the oil-water separation device 703 is used for separating the wastewater collected in the wastewater tank 702 into grease and sewage, and the filtering and settling device 704 is used for purifying the sewage.

The waste water treatment unit 7 has the relevant functions of collection, deodorization, oil-water separation, purification and filtration, discharge and the like.

The wastewater collection line 701 is used for collecting wastewater generated in each process section, the wastewater collection line 701 includes but is not limited to a collection tank, a ground groove, a water storage tank/oil separation tank, a wastewater discharge floor drain, and the like, and further includes a sewage pump for lifting or driving water flow, so that sewage drained from each section and sewage flushed by each section are collected into a wastewater tank 702 in a unified manner, as shown in fig. 5, the wastewater collection line 701 can collect and collect pre-stored tank draining, dehydrator wastewater, transportation generated wastewater, fermentation device wastewater, and cleaning wastewater into the wastewater tank 702.

After the wastewater is purified in the oil-water separation device 703, an aeration device is adopted at the bottom of the oil-water separation device 703 to generate fine bubbles, so that grease molecules are driven to float to the liquid surface, and the grease can be circularly scraped by the oil scraping device to be collected into a special oil drum. In the process, deodorizing strains can be properly added to avoid the generation of malodor. After the aeration treatment, the grease floats upwards, slowly moves to the next water tank, stands and deposits to automatically realize oil-water separation; the separated water is discharged to a sewage pipe network after measures such as deodorization, decoloration and the like are carried out; the grease part is separately collected and recycled by professional companies, and can be produced into biodiesel or be incinerated to generate electricity.

The separated sewage is also provided with solid slag which is too fine to be filtered by a screen, and in order to deal with the problem, the filtering and settling device 704 can be selected as a filtering device and a settling tank. For example, a cloth bag filter device can be arranged in the water storage tank, and solid slag is collected through a fine filter cloth bag in a water flow mode; if the water body is clean, a clean method can be adopted in the sedimentation tank, and if necessary, a condensing agent is added into the sedimentation tank to separate solid from liquid, so that the water body becomes clear and is discharged after reaching the standard. The part where the solid slag is collected can be treated once at the time of transferring each shift or at the time of transferring several shifts because the amount of the collected solid slag is small, and then the collected solid slag is added into the fermentation device 6 for treatment. It can be realized both technically and practically.

In some embodiments, the integrated kitchen waste recycling system further includes a waste gas treatment unit 8, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the waste gas treatment unit 8 includes a waste gas collection line 801, a spiral cooling tower 802, a spray tower 803, a UV photolysis tank 804 and an activated carbon adsorption device 805, which are connected in sequence.

In general, the odor and waste gas generated in the garbage composting treatment mainly comprise ammonia, sulfide and the like. They can be roughly classified into 5 types: sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, and thioethers, etc.; chlorine-containing compounds, such as amines, amides and indoles; halogens, such as chlorine, halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbon compounds such as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics, and the like; oxygen-containing organic substances such as alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, organic acids, and the like. The concentration of waste gas pollutants in a garbage disposal place is generally higher, and waste gas is directly discharged without being effectively treated, so that the pollution to the surrounding environment is caused to a great extent, and particularly the social influence is extremely bad. Therefore, the waste gas must be collected by a collecting pipeline and then treated by a purification system to reach the standard before being discharged at high altitude.

The waste gas collection circuit 801 functions to collect waste gases generated in the various process sections, and the waste gas collection circuit 801 includes, but is not limited to, collection lines, check systems, and fan systems. The collecting pipeline adopts a pipeline in the sealing part of the process section, the semi-sealing part adopts top collection, and the large space adopts a negative pressure air exhaust mode. The check system comprises a check valve and a check fan blade which are arranged in the collecting pipeline, and plays a role in preventing the waste gas from recharging. The fan system is used for emptying and air flowing and is mainly realized by a fan.

The spiral cooling tower 802 is used for cooling the steam in the collected exhaust gas and trapping the moisture in the steam; the spray tower 803 is used for dust removal and deodorization through a water spraying system; the UV photolysis box 804 performs a synergistic decomposition oxidation reaction on the odor by using high-energy ultraviolet beams and ozone, so that part of the waste gas substances are degraded and converted into low molecular compounds, water and carbon dioxide; the activated carbon adsorption device 805 adsorbs part of the gas components again, and the waste gas after the treatment can be discharged at high altitude after being detected to reach the standard. Through various waste gas filtering and purifying steps, the filtering time of the waste gas is increased in the purifying process.

In some embodiments, the kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system further comprises a deodorization unit, wherein the deodorization unit comprises an odor collection pipeline and a biological deodorization filter. The deodorizing means is intended to treat the odor component of the exhaust gas, and since the odor pollution is not controllable due to many factors, the pollution range is wide, and the odor cannot be controlled within a limited range, it is necessary to perform a separate deodorizing treatment on the odor.

In the system, a certain amount of foul smell can be generated in the processes of unloading, pretreatment and conveying. The odor collecting pipeline adopts negative pressure induced air and closed collection, and odor in the process is collected and then conveyed to the biological deodorization filter. For example, the odor in the fermentation device 6 can be introduced into the biological deodorization filter tank in a closed collection mode, and the odor can be collected in an open space or a semi-closed space through negative pressure induced air. Preferably, the biological deodorization filter is filled with an inorganic filter material, a biological membrane formed by deodorization strains can be attached to the filter material, and harmful substances such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like in the malodorous gas are removed through metabolism of microorganisms.

In some embodiments, the deodorization unit further comprises an atomizing nozzle arranged above the bare garbage, wherein the atomizing nozzle is used for spraying deodorization strains, so that odor components in the working space can be preliminarily reduced, and the diffusion of odor is reduced.

In some embodiments, the deodorizing unit further comprises odor sensors disposed at each of the processing modules. The odor sensor collects data, and whether the deodorization unit is started for deodorization can be determined according to the data collected by the odor sensor.

The corresponding arrangement and connection of the structures, the mutual timing and control parameters of the steps, which are not described in the present application, can be found in the similar devices and methods in the prior art, and the connection, operation and working principle of the structures, which are not described in detail herein, are known to those skilled in the art.

Some embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The foregoing is merely a detailed description of the invention that enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system is characterized by comprising a feeding mechanism (1), a pre-storage box (2), a sorting conveyer belt (3), a crusher (4), a dehydrator (5) and a fermentation device (6) which are arranged in sequence,

the feeding mechanism (1) is arranged on the pre-storage box (2) and used for lifting materials to a feeding port at the top of the pre-storage box (2);

a filter screen for draining is arranged in the pre-storage box (2), and a discharge port of the pre-storage box (2) is positioned right above the sorting conveyer belt (3);

the crusher (4) is positioned at the tail end of the sorting conveyer belt (3), and a discharge hole of the crusher (4) is communicated with a feed hole of the dehydrator (5);

the fermentation device (6) is used for treating the materials dehydrated by the dehydrator (5).

2. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that a crusher for coarse crushing is further arranged at a discharge port of the pre-storage box (2), and the discharge granularity of the crusher is 5-10 cm.

3. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system according to claim 1, wherein the sorting conveyor belt (3) is obliquely arranged, the tail end of the sorting conveyor belt (3) is higher than the head end of the sorting conveyor belt, the crusher (4) is arranged under the tail end of the sorting conveyor belt (3), the dehydrator (5) is arranged under the crusher (4), and a receiving box (10) for containing dehydrated materials is placed under the dehydrator (5).

4. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system according to claim 1, wherein the discharge granularity of the crusher (4) is 3-6mm, and the dehydrator (5) is a spiral dehydrator (5).

5. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system according to claim 1, further comprising a wastewater treatment unit (7), wherein the wastewater treatment unit (7) comprises a wastewater collection line (701), a wastewater tank (702), an oil-water separation device (703) and a filtering and precipitating device (704) which are sequentially connected, the wastewater collection line is used for collecting wastewater generated by the kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system into the wastewater tank (702), the oil-water separation device (703) is used for separating the wastewater collected in the wastewater tank (702) into grease and sewage, and the filtering and precipitating device (704) is used for purifying the sewage.

6. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system according to claim 5, wherein the filtering and settling device (704) is a filtering device or a settling tank.

7. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system according to claim 1, further comprising a waste gas treatment unit (8), wherein the waste gas treatment unit (8) comprises a waste gas collection line (801), a spiral cooling tower (802), a spray tower (803), a UV photolysis tank (804) and an activated carbon adsorption device (805) which are connected in sequence.

8. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system according to claim 1, further comprising a deodorization unit, wherein the deodorization unit comprises an odor collection pipeline and a biological deodorization filter.

9. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system according to claim 8, wherein the deodorizing unit further comprises an atomizing nozzle arranged above the bare waste, and the atomizing nozzle is used for spraying deodorizing strains.

10. The kitchen waste resource utilization integrated system according to claim 9, wherein the deodorizing unit further comprises an odor sensor.