CN102550485B - Method for breeding improved mutton sheep strain - Google Patents
Method for breeding improved mutton sheep strain Download PDFInfo
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- CN102550485B CN102550485B CN 201210055954 CN201210055954A CN102550485B CN 102550485 B CN102550485 B CN 102550485B CN 201210055954 CN201210055954 CN 201210055954 CN 201210055954 A CN201210055954 A CN 201210055954A CN 102550485 B CN102550485 B CN 102550485B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding an improved mutton sheep strain, which includes the steps: firstly, using a plurality of rams as strain ancestors to mate with 30-50 ewes respectively so as to establish a plurality of families; secondly, performing beneficial-trait within-family selection to more than four generations of the families established in the step 1; thirdly, subjecting the families selected in the step 2 to family hybridization; fourthly, using hybrids obtained in the step 3 and family non-hybrids to establish a strain breeding core group, and grouping other individualsas a production group; fifthly, subjecting the core group established in the step 4 to beneficial trait selection, opening the core group, allowing selected qualified individuals in the production group to enter the core group, introducing 'foreign blood' timely to avoid inbreeding depression; and sixthly, obtaining the mutton sheep strain with beneficial traits adaptable to local environment by multi-generational breeding. By using the method to breed the improved mutton sheep strain, dependence on foreign varieties is lessened, and the current situation of 'all introduction and propagation and no breeding' in the field of breeding sheep introduction in China is changed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the animal breeding field, specifically, relate to the breeding method of good mutton sheep strain.
Background technology
Along with the raising of economic development and national income level, people's diet structure is constantly taking place to change, and to the meat of the high nutrition of high-quality, especially the demand of mutton increases fast.In order to satisfy the growing mutton demand of the people, except increasing energetically the sheep quantity on the one hand, improve the per unit area yield of mutton sheep exactly.The sheep variety quality has determined growth rate, feed conversion rate, dressing percentage and the meat quality of mutton sheep to a great extent.Compare with the good Mutton Sheep in the world, the existing local sheep variety of China, general build is less than normal, and growth rate is slow, and meat performance is not high.In order to improve the meat performance of existing kind fast by genetic improvement, improve meat quality, improve the market competitiveness and cultivate new varieties or specialized strain, the external improved seeds of introduction of use are useful selections.
In recent years, China's herding enterprise repeatedly comes Mutton Sheep kinds such as sheep, Suffolk from the acerous pottery Saite of external introduction sheep, Te Kesaier sheep, merino sheep, Xia Luo.Because most enterprises lack kind of the consciousness of protecting, the introduced variety population size is less and lack corresponding breeding technique, and the introduced variety sheep carries out localization except minority and breeds purification, and outside seed selection improved, great majority all flowed directly into market.The present situation of domestic kind of sheep industry this " only drawing sterile, only numerous sterile " causes China to plant sheep and already depends on external breeding enterprise unduly, finally has been absorbed in the vicious circle of " introducing a fine variety → keep → degenerate → introduce a fine variety again ".
In order to break away from this vicious circle, reduce the dependency degree to external germplasm, the mutton sheep breeding of China must have a cover at external introduction Mutton Sheep kind effective seed selection guarantor kind of strategy and method.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to introduce the present situation that the field " is only drawn sterile, only numerous sterile " at domestic kind of sheep, the breeding method of the good mutton sheep strain of a kind of external introduction is provided.
In order to realize the object of the invention, the breeding method of a kind of good mutton sheep strain of the present invention comprises step: 1) with improved seeds, from same family or relationship is nearer and quality is similar n ram for being the ancestral, respectively with join 30～50 ewes of the same race, make up n family; N is 〉=3 integer; Described ewe is derived from does not have the breeding station that germplasm exchanges to each other; 2) family that step 1) is made up is carried out seed selection in the family of 4 useful proterties more than the generation; 3) with step 2) family of seed selection carries out tame line cross; 4) select the non-filial generation of step 3) gained filial generation and family to make up excellent strain breeding core group, all the other individualities enter productive group; When 5) the constructed core group of step 4) being carried out useful proterties seed selection, open core group, select the qualified individuals in the productive group to enter core group, introduce " outer blood " in good time, namely to be that the ancestral ram has ram or ewe affiliation and that quality is similar, just pass through genetic evaluation (breeding value estimation), reach outstanding ram or ewe that corresponding strain is set up standard, avoid inbreeding depression; 6) through the seed selection of a plurality of generations, form the mutton sheep improved line with useful proterties that adapts to local environment.
In the aforesaid breeding method, step 2) seed selection has common breeding objective in the described family, and namely the seed selection direction of different familys is identical, is avoiding under the prerequisite of inbreeding, and target is mainly by heterogeneous apolegamy realization.The implementation principle of heterogeneous apolegamy is: change badly with excellent, for example use large-framed male animal with the less dam mating of physique, forbid " remedying apolegamy ", namely select to have the male and female poultry of opposite defective to match.
In the aforesaid breeding method, step 2) the interior seed selection of described family is to utilize artificial insemination and embryo transplantation to strengthen outstanding kind of sheep to the influence power of colony.
In the aforesaid breeding method, the line cross of the described family of step 3) selects heterogeneous apolegamy to produce the hybrid generation, and described hybrid generation is produced by 3 family hybridization at least.
In the aforesaid breeding method, the described structure excellent strain of step 4) breeding core group, its standard determines that the quantity of core group accounts for the 15%-25% of colony's sum, preferred 15% by the characteristic of useful proterties.
In the aforesaid breeding method, the described in good time introducing of step 5) to be that the ancestral ram has ram or ewe affiliation and that quality is similar, refer to that making up the initial stage at the described core group of step 4) introduces first, introducing interval is 4 or 5 generations of selected strain.
In the aforesaid breeding method, step 5) is described carries out the seed selection of useful proterties to the constructed core group of step 4), is to realize by the homogeneity apolegamy.
In the aforesaid breeding method, step 2) and the seed selection of the described useful proterties of step 5) and the described selection that enters line breeding core group individuality of step 4) adopt BLUP genetic evaluation method.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) ewe is derived from does not have the breeding station that germplasm exchanges to each other, guarantees the popularity of ewe hereditary basis;
(2) select the nearer ram of affiliation for being the ancestral, overcome the heterogeneity of dam, to meet the common breeding objective of all familys;
(3) utilize artificial insemination and embryo transplantation to strengthen outstanding kind of sheep to the influence power of colony;
(4) carry out seed selection in the family, can improve the uniformity of colony rapidly;
(5) carry out tame line cross, enlarged the hereditary basis of strain development;
(6) carry out genetic evaluation, make the seed selection of good mutton sheep strain more accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cultivation flow chart of the good mutton sheep strain of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.If do not specialize the conventional means that used technological means is well known to those skilled in the art among the embodiment, the raw materials used commercial goods that is.The family system of selection that relates among the embodiment, individual choice method, matching method, technology of artificial insemination and embryo transfer technology are well known to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment introduces the strain development of Mutton Sheep abroad
Comprise step:
(1) with 11 Du pool rams for being the ancestral, respectively with join 50 and come from Du who does not have the breeding station that germplasm exchanges to each other and moor ewe, make up 11 familys;
(2) body is long, body is wide from generation to generation and the interior seed selection of the family of fertility the family of step (1) structure to be carried out 5, and seed selection is being avoided under the prerequisite of inbreeding according to common breeding objective in the family, carries out 4 heterogeneous apolegamys of generation, the uniformity of raising family;
(3) family of step (2) seed selection is carried out tame line cross;
(4) select the filial generation of step (3) gained and the line breeding core group of the long system of the non-hybridization of family descendant difference construct, the wide system of body and high numerous system, all the other individualities enter productive group;
(5) the constructed core group of step (4) is carried out that corresponding body is long, body is wide and the fertility seed selection time, open core group, select the qualified individuals in the productive group to enter core group, when 5 generation backs of core group cultivation or colony's inbreeding coefficient reach 5% left and right sides, moor ram and ewe enters core group and productive group from outstanding Du of external introducing, avoid inbreeding depression;
(6) through the seed selections of 5 generations, form Du who adapts to local environment and moor that the sheep body is long, body is wide and the improved line of prolificacy.
Above-mentioned seed selection process as shown in Figure 1, the main proterties seed selection of improved line sees Table 1.
The main proterties seed selection of table 1 improved line
Annotate: table 1 data are mean+SD
From above-described embodiment as can be seen, at the beginning of the mutton sheep kind is introduced abroad, require to introduce the popularity of population genetic basis; Should avoid inbreeding in the strain development process as far as possible, increase effective population quantity to greatest extent, prevent inbreeding depression; Breeding population is carried out genetic evaluation, eliminate the individuality that carries bad gene, reduce the frequency of bad gene in colony.By long-term meticulous seed selection, obtain to adapt to the good mutton sheep strain of local environment.Certainly, seed selection for small-scale colony, inbreeding can appear inevitably, but present embodiment is the result show: cultivate inheritance stability, phenotype is good, and the external mutton sheep strain with certain inbreeding degree (the average inbreeding coefficient of the tenth generation individuality is less than 3% among the embodiment) is not an impossibility; Confirmed effectively simultaneously that the present invention cultivates the validity of external introduction mutton sheep product system, method.Therefore, adopt method of the present invention to plant the present situation of sheep industry " only drawing sterile, only numerous sterile " for changing China, break away from the vicious circle of " introducing a fine variety → keep → degenerate → introduce a fine variety again ", reduce China to the dependency degree of external domestic animal germplasm etc., have very important meaning.
Though above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. introduce the breeding method of good mutton sheep strain abroad, it is characterized in that, comprise step:
1) with improved seeds, from same family or relationship is nearer and quality is similar n ram for being the ancestral, respectively with join 30～50 ewes of the same race, make up n family; N is 〉=3 integer;
2) family that step 1) is made up is carried out seed selection in the family of 4 useful proterties more than the generation;
3) with step 2) family of seed selection carries out tame line cross;
4) select the non-filial generation of step 3) gained filial generation and family to make up excellent strain breeding core group, all the other individualities enter productive group;
When 5) the constructed core group of step 4) being carried out useful proterties seed selection, open core group selects the qualified individuals in the productive group to enter core group, introduces and be that the ancestral ram has ram or ewe affiliation and that quality is similar in good time;
6) through the seed selection of a plurality of generations, form the mutton sheep improved line with useful proterties that adapts to local environment;
Wherein, step 2) seed selection has common breeding objective in the described family, and namely the seed selection direction of different familys is identical, is avoiding under the prerequisite of inbreeding, and target is mainly by heterogeneous apolegamy realization;
The line cross of the described family of step 3) selects heterogeneous apolegamy to produce tame line cross offspring; The described line cross offspring of family is produced by 3 family hybridization at least;
The described structure excellent strain of step 4) breeding core group, its standard determines that by the characteristic of useful proterties the quantity of core group accounts for the 15%-25% of colony's sum;
The described in good time introducing of step 5) to be that the ancestral ram has ram or ewe affiliation and that quality is similar, refer to that making up the initial stage at the described core group of step 4) introduces first, introducing interval is 4 or 5 generations of selected strain.
2. breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) the interior seed selection of described family is to utilize artificial insemination and embryo transplantation to strengthen outstanding kind of sheep to the influence power of colony.
3. breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, step 5) is described carries out the seed selection of useful proterties to the constructed core group of step 4), is to realize by the homogeneity apolegamy.
4. breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) and the seed selection of the described useful proterties of step 5) and the described selection that enters line breeding core group individuality of step 4) adopt BLUP genetic evaluation method.
5. breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described ewe of step 1) is derived from does not have the breeding station that germplasm exchanges to each other.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109526860A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-29 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of the dedicated maternal new varieties of prime lamb |
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| CN103229748A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-07 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | Superfine wool sheep culture method |
| CN103598145B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-02-10 | 宋青莲 | The hybridization breeding method of a kind of sheep |
| CN104106493B (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2016-03-23 | 习水县富兴牧业有限公司 | The numb sheep purification and rejuvenation in north, a kind of Guizhou Province fast breeding method |
| CN104186422B (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-01-13 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of breeding method of high quality meat sheet new lines |
| CN105028260B (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2017-10-31 | 王卫军 | A kind of selection of shellfish Meat Quality new lines |
| CN105104306A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Animal apolegamy method |
| CN106332843B (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-10-31 | 福建省努比亚农牧有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of improved mutton sheep strain |
| CN110250094B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2022-02-22 | 内蒙古犇牛科技有限公司 | Group breeding method of mutton sheep |
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| CN1695441A (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2005-11-16 | 陈启康 | Method for breeding multiparous new strain of meaty goat |
| CN100431409C (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2008-11-12 | 内蒙古德美纯种肉羊种羊场 | Dual-hybrid method for improving lamb quality and yield |
| RU2320167C1 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2008-03-27 | Государственное общеобразовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Ставропольский государственный университет | Method for increasing adaptational abilities in sheep |
| RU2438306C1 (en) * | 2010-06-15 | 2012-01-10 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Российский государственный аграрный университет - МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГОУ ВПО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева) | Method of selection of sheep with large amount of caracul |
| CN102138545B (en) * | 2010-12-25 | 2012-08-15 | 河南科技大学 | Breeding method of new breed of high-yield fur sheep |
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| CN109526860A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-29 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of the dedicated maternal new varieties of prime lamb |
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