CN102545196B - Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device - Google Patents
Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102545196B CN102545196B CN201210030440.2A CN201210030440A CN102545196B CN 102545196 B CN102545196 B CN 102545196B CN 201210030440 A CN201210030440 A CN 201210030440A CN 102545196 B CN102545196 B CN 102545196B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device, which is suitable for overvoltage protection on an alternating-current or direct-current circuit. The multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device comprises n discharge gaps and n-1 trigger circuits, wherein n is an integer of being more than or equal to 2; the n discharge gaps are connected in series to form an overvoltage bleeder circuit; two ends of the overvoltage bleeder circuit are provided with connecting terminals, and the overvoltage bleeder circuit is used for connecting with a protected alternating-current or direct-current circuit; one end of each of the n-1 trigger circuits is respectively connected with a conductive member between the corresponding discharge gaps, and other ends of the n-1 trigger circuits are connected together and connected with the outer end part of the first discharge gap F1; and all the trigger circuits have same structure and are connected in parallel through a capacitor and a resistor to form an RC (Resistor-Capacitor) circuit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the surge protector of over-voltage suppression, particularly a kind of multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device, be mainly used in suppressing lightning overvoltage, make all kinds of communication base station, destruction that transformer station, power electronic equipment exempt from direct lightning strike or lightning induction.
Background technology
Authorization Notice No. be CN 100530868C patent discloses a kind of high efficient laminated graphic discharge gap device, comprise the π shape that the identical electric capacity of N+1 discharge gap, N number of capacitance forms and connect capacitance group, each discharge gap is connected in series, first discharge gap F
1be connected with live wire, the last discharge gap F
n+1ground connection, one end that π shape connects each electric capacity in capacitance group is connected with the electric-conductor between two discharge gaps, other end ground connection.This device is a kind of multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device, and each circuits for triggering are all only made up of capacitor.Lightning strike continues average 3 ~ 4 Secondary Shocks; the time interval of impacting is 10 ~ 250ms; typical case is 50ms interval time; under the overvoltage of thunder and lightning is impacted; capacitor in its circuits for triggering can be charged electric charge in trigger process; and the circuits for triggering be only made up of capacitor; because electric charge does not have good leakage path; fully can not release within the interval time of lightning impulse; therefore there is the triggering next time that residual charge affects surge protector, cause surge protector ignition voltage to raise and job insecurity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art; a kind of multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of improvement is provided; to make the electric charge be charged in circuits for triggering fully release within the interval time of lightning impulse, improve the stability of surge protector work.
Described circuits for triggering are designed to resistance-capacitance circuit by technical scheme of the present invention: improve the circuits for triggering of existing multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device.
Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention is applicable to the overvoltage protection of interchange or DC circuit, comprise n discharge gap and n-1 bar circuits for triggering, described n is the integer of >=2, n discharge gap is connected in series and forms overvoltage leadage circuit, described overvoltage leadage circuit two ends are provided with splicing ear, for connecting protected interchange or DC circuit, the electric-conductor of one end respectively and between corresponding discharge gap of each circuits for triggering in n-1 bar circuits for triggering connects, their other end links together and is connected with first discharge gap F1 outer end, the structure of each bar circuits for triggering is identical, RC circuit all for being made up of capacitor and capacitor in parallel.
In order to ensure that the electric charge be charged in circuits for triggering is fully released within the interval time of lightning impulse, 3 times or 4 times or 5 times or 6 times of interval times that should be less than between twice thunderbolt of the time constant of described RC circuit.
Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention, in its RC circuit, the capacitance of capacitor is 100PF ~ 100nF; preferred 500PF ~ 3nF, withstand voltage is 100V ~ 10kV, and the resistance value of resistor is 10k Ω ~ 200M Ω; preferred 500k Ω ~ 20M Ω, power is 1/8W ~ 10W.
In order to carry out overcurrent protection, multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention is provided with current protector, and one end of described current protector is connected to first discharge gap F1 outer end, and its other end is connected to the common port of each bar circuits for triggering.
In order to show the operating state of described multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device; be provided with indicating circuit; one end of described indicating circuit is connected to the last discharge gap Fn outer end; its other end is connected to the common port of each bar circuits for triggering; or one end of indicating circuit is connected to the last discharge gap Fn outer end, its other end is connected to first discharge gap F1 outer end.
Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention, its discharge gap is Open architecture or sealed construction.The discharge gap of described Open architecture is made up of the insulating annular pad placed between n+1 electrode slice and adjacent two electrode slices; Electrode slice is square or circular or kidney-shaped or ellipse, and other is suitable for the shape that uses, the form fit of insulating annular pad and electrode slice, be similarly square loop or annulus or kidney-shaped ring or vesica piscis, and other is suitable for the annular of use.The discharge gap of described sealed construction is made up of n+1 electrode slice and n airtight container, and described electrode slice is positioned at airtight container and is fixed by airtight container.
The electrode slice of composition discharge gap is made up of graphite, copper-tungsten or other high temperature resistant conducing composite materials, and the spacing between electrode slice is 0.1 millimeter ~ 0.6 millimeter.Insulating annular pad polytetrafluoroethylene, mica or other high-temperature insulation materials make.
Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device operation principle of the present invention:
When thunder and lightning comes, if surge voltage exceedes the puncture voltage of putting gap, at different levelsly put gap breakdown rear formation path successively, impedance is very little, and thus vent discharge comes through voltage energy, over-voltage suppression fast; At different levels put gap breakdown successively while, with the instantaneous charging in capacitor two ends of putting the circuits for triggering of gap assembly at different levels, after charging, capacitance voltage raises rapidly, the electric charge that described capacitor is charged in trigger process is fully released within the interval time of lightning impulse by the resistor of two ends parallel connection, residual charge can not be there is impact again triggering, thus, when the overvoltage produced when thunder and lightning arrives again, the auxiliary discharge gap that circuits for triggering can be stable is lighted a fire again.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, because the circuits for triggering in multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention are the RC circuit that capacitor and capacitor in parallel are formed; thus the electric charge that capacitor is charged in trigger process fully can be released within the interval time of lightning impulse by resistor; residual charge can not be there is impact again triggering; when the overvoltage that thunder and lightning produces arrives again; surge protector ignition voltage is low; star t-up discharge is stablized; lightning overvoltage environment can better be applicable to, each electron-like, electric equipment are played a protective role.
2, the trigger circuit structure of multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention is simple, is convenient to make, compared with existing multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device, has higher cost performance.
3, condenser capacity and resistance value preferred in circuits for triggering, can ensure that the electric charge that in trigger process, capacitor is charged fully can be released within the interval time of lightning impulse by resistor.
4, discharge gap is Open architecture or sealed construction, can be used for the lightning protection of the electronics in varying environment, electric equipment, strengthens the adaptability of multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device.
5, owing to being provided with current protector, if circuits for triggering electric current is excessive, temperature is too high, the fuse of current protector then can be fused, and can realize overcurrent protection.
6, owing to being provided with indicating circuit, the operating state of multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention can be shown, be convenient to Timeliness coverage problem.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of basic circuit structure schematic diagram of multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is another basic circuit structure schematic diagram of multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention, is provided with current protector;
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure schematic diagram of the multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device in embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the circuit structure schematic diagram of the multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device in embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the circuit structure schematic diagram of the multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device in embodiment 3;
Fig. 6 is the circuit structure schematic diagram of the multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device in embodiment 4.
Embodiment
Be described further by the structure of embodiment to multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The basic circuit structure of multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.In FIG, F1 ~ Fn is n discharge gap, and C1 ~ Cn-1 is the capacitor in n-1 bar circuits for triggering, and R1 ~ Rn-1 is the resistor in n-1 bar circuits for triggering, and described n is the integer of >=2.Each discharge gap has two electrodes, and n discharging gap is connected in series the overvoltage leadage circuit forming surge protector.Described overvoltage leadage circuit has two terminals, and the terminal connecting first discharge gap F1 outer end is defined as A terminal; The terminal connecting the last discharge gap Fn outer end is defined as B terminal.A terminal and B terminal are parallel between two circuits in protected circuit.The structure of each bar circuits for triggering is identical, the RC circuit all for being made up of capacitor and capacitor in parallel; The electric-conductor of one end respectively and between corresponding discharge gap of each bar circuits for triggering connects, and their other end links together and is connected with first discharge gap F1 outer end.
The schematic diagram of circuit structure shown in Fig. 2 adds current protector FU1 on the basis of Fig. 1; one end of described current protector FU1 is connected to first the discharge gap F1 outer end be connected with A terminal; its other end is connected to the common port of each bar circuits for triggering, to realize overcurrent protection.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment; multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device is applied to the overvoltage protection of alternating current circuit; the circuit structure of surge protector as shown in Figure 3, is made up of 11 graphic discharge gap F1 ~ F11,10 circuits for triggering, current protector FU1 and indicating circuits.Each graphic discharge gap is connected in series, and wherein, the terminal connecting first graphic discharge gap F1 outer end is connected with live wire, and the terminal connecting the last graphic discharge gap F11 outer end is connected with zero line or ground wire.The structure of each bar circuits for triggering is identical, the RC circuit all for being made up of capacitor and capacitor in parallel; The one end of the 1st article of circuits for triggering that C1, R1 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected graphic discharge gap F1, F2, is connected after its another termination current protector FU1 with live wire; The one end of the 2nd article of circuits for triggering that C2, R2 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected graphic discharge gap F2, F3, is connected after its another termination current protector FU1 with live wire; , by that analogy, the one end of the 10th article of circuits for triggering that C10, R10 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected graphic discharge gap F10, F11, is connected (see Fig. 3) after its another termination current protector FU1 with live wire.Indicating circuit is made up of current protector FU2, current-limiting inductance L1, current-limiting resistance R11, protection diode VD1, protection diode VD2, light-emitting diode HL1, bleeder resistance R12 and decompression capacitor C11; Current protector FU2, current-limiting inductance L1, current-limiting resistance R11, protection diode VD1, light-emitting diode HL1 and decompression capacitor C11 are connected in series, protection diode VD2 is connected in parallel on the two ends of protection diode VD1 and light-emitting diode HL1, and bleeder resistance R12 and decompression capacitor C11 is connected in parallel and forms RC circuit; In described indicating circuit, one end of current protector FU2 is connected to discharge gap F11 outer end, and one end of decompression capacitor C11 is connected to the common port (see Fig. 3) of each bar circuits for triggering.
In above-mentioned each bar circuits for triggering, the capacitance of its capacitor is 620PF, withstand voltage is 3kV, and the resistance value of its resistor is 3.0M Ω, power is 1/4W.
In the present embodiment, graphic discharge gap is Open architecture, be made up of the insulating annular pad placed between 12 graphite electrode sheets and adjacent two electrode slices, described graphite electrode sheet is circular, its thickness is 1.8 millimeters, and the spacing between two graphite electrode sheets is 0.25 millimeter, and the insulating annular pad between the graphite electrode sheet being placed on each graphic discharge gap is annular, make of polytetrafluoroethylene, its thickness is 0.25 millimeter.Electronic devices and components in foregoing circuit are assembled in box body.
In the present embodiment, if circuits for triggering short circuit, current protector FU1 will fuse, and light-emitting diode HL1 goes out, and instruction surge protector exists fault.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device is applied to the overvoltage protection of alternating current circuit, and the circuit structure of surge protector as shown in Figure 4, is made up of 11 discharge gap F1 ~ F11,10 circuits for triggering and current protector FU1.Described discharge gap F1 ~ F11 is the gas discharge tube of enclosed construction, and each discharge gap is connected in series, and wherein, the terminal connecting first discharge gap F1 outer end is connected with live wire, and the terminal connecting the last discharge gap F11 outer end is connected with zero line or ground wire.The structure of each bar circuits for triggering is identical, the RC circuit all for being made up of capacitor and capacitor in parallel; The one end of the 1st article of circuits for triggering that C1, R1 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected discharge gap F1, F2 that gas discharge tube is formed, is connected after its another termination current protector FU1 with live wire; The one end of the 2nd article of circuits for triggering that C2, R2 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected discharge gap F2, F3 that gas discharge tube is formed, is connected after its another termination current protector FU1 with live wire; , by that analogy, the one end of the 10th article of circuits for triggering that C10, R10 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected discharge gap F10, F11 that gas discharge tube is formed, is connected (see Fig. 4) after its another termination current protector FU1 with live wire.
In above-mentioned each bar circuits for triggering, the capacitance of its capacitor is 680PF, withstand voltage is 3kV, and the resistance value of its resistor is 2.7M Ω, power is 1/4W.
In the present embodiment, electronic devices and components are assembled in box body.If circuits for triggering short circuit, current protector FU1 will fuse, and play the effect of overcurrent protection.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device is applied to the overvoltage protection of alternating current circuit, and the circuit structure of surge protector as shown in Figure 5, is made up of 8 graphic discharge gap F1 ~ F8,7 circuits for triggering, current protector FU1 and indicating circuits.Each graphic discharge gap is connected in series, and wherein, the terminal connecting first graphic discharge gap F1 outer end is connected with live wire, and the terminal connecting the last graphic discharge gap F8 outer end is connected with zero line or ground wire.The structure of each bar circuits for triggering is identical, the RC circuit all for being made up of capacitor and capacitor in parallel; The one end of the 1st article of circuits for triggering that C1, R1 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected graphic discharge gap F1, F2, is connected after its another termination current protector FU1 with live wire; The one end of the 2nd article of circuits for triggering that C2, R2 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected graphic discharge gap F2, F3, is connected after its another termination current protector FU1 with live wire; , by that analogy, the one end of the 7th article of circuits for triggering that C7, R7 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected graphic discharge gap F7, F8, is connected (see Fig. 5) after its another termination current protector FU1 with live wire.Indicating circuit is made up of current protector FU2, current-limiting inductance L1, current-limiting inductance L2, current-limiting resistance R11, current-limiting resistance R13, protection diode VD1, protection diode VD2, light-emitting diode HL1, bleeder resistance R12 and decompression capacitor C11; One end of current protector FU2 is connected to discharge gap F8 outer end; the other end and current-limiting inductance L1, current-limiting resistance R11, decompression capacitor C11, current-limiting resistance R13, current-limiting inductance L2, light-emitting diode HL1, protect diode VD1 to be connected in series after be connected to discharge gap F1 outer end; tie point between decompression capacitor C11 and current-limiting resistance R13 is connected to the common port of each bar circuits for triggering; bleeder resistance R12 and decompression capacitor C11 is connected in parallel and forms RC circuit, and protection diode VD2 is connected in parallel on the two ends (see Fig. 5) of protection diode VD1 and light-emitting diode HL1.
In above-mentioned each bar circuits for triggering, the capacitance of its capacitor is 750PF, withstand voltage is 3kV, and the resistance value of its resistor is 2.4M Ω, power is 1/4W.
In the present embodiment, graphic discharge gap is Open architecture, be made up of the insulating annular pad placed between 9 graphite electrode sheets and adjacent two electrode slices, described graphite electrode sheet is circular, its thickness is 2.0 millimeters, and the spacing between two graphite electrode sheets is 0.40 millimeter, and the insulating annular pad between the graphite electrode sheet being placed on each graphic discharge gap is annular, make of polytetrafluoroethylene, its thickness is 0.40 millimeter.Electronic devices and components in foregoing circuit are assembled in box body.
In the present embodiment, if circuits for triggering short circuit, current protector FU1 will fuse, and light-emitting diode HL1 is bright, and instruction surge protector exists fault.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device is applied to the overvoltage protection of DC circuit, and the circuit structure of surge protector as shown in Figure 6, is made up of 8 copper-tungsten discharge gap F1 ~ F8,7 circuits for triggering and current protector FU1.Each copper-tungsten discharge gap is connected in series, and wherein, the terminal connecting first copper-tungsten discharge gap F1 outer end is connected with V+, and the terminal connecting the last copper-tungsten discharge gap F8 outer end is connected with V-.The structure of each bar circuits for triggering is identical, the RC circuit all for being made up of capacitor and capacitor in parallel; The one end of the 1st article of circuits for triggering that C1, R1 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected copper-tungsten discharge gap F1, F2, is connected after its another termination current protector FU1 with V+; The one end of the 2nd article of circuits for triggering that C2, R2 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected copper-tungsten discharge gap F2, F3, is connected after its another termination current protector FU1 with V+; ..., by that analogy, the one end of the 7th article of circuits for triggering that C7, R7 parallel connection is formed connects with the electric-conductor being connected copper-tungsten discharge gap F7, F8, is connected (see Fig. 6) after its another termination current protector FU1 with V+.
In above-mentioned each bar circuits for triggering, the capacitance of its capacitor is 1.1nF, withstand voltage is 3kV, and the resistance value of its resistor is 1.8M Ω, power is 1/4W.
In the present embodiment, copper-tungsten discharge gap is Open architecture, be made up of the insulating annular pad placed between 9 copper-tungsten electrode slices and adjacent two electrode slices, described copper-tungsten electrode slice is square, its thickness is 2.2 millimeters, and the spacing between two copper-tungsten electrode slices is 0.50 millimeter, and the insulating annular pad between the copper-tungsten electrode slice being placed on each copper-tungsten discharge gap is square loop, by ceramic making, its thickness is 0.50 millimeter.Electronic devices and components in foregoing circuit are assembled in box body.
In the present embodiment, if circuits for triggering short circuit, current protector FU1 will fuse, and play the effect of overcurrent protection.
Claims (7)
1. a multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device, comprise n discharge gap and n-1 bar circuits for triggering, described n is the integer of >=2, n discharge gap is connected in series and forms overvoltage leadage circuit, described overvoltage leadage circuit two ends are provided with splicing ear, for connecting protected interchange or DC circuit, the electric-conductor of one end respectively and between corresponding discharge gap of each circuits for triggering in n-1 bar circuits for triggering connects, their other end links together and is connected with first discharge gap (F1) outer end, it is characterized in that the structure of each bar circuits for triggering is identical, RC circuit all for being made up of capacitor and capacitor in parallel,
3 times or 4 times or 5 times or 6 times of interval times that should be less than between twice thunderbolt of the time constant of described RC circuit, in described RC circuit, the capacitance of capacitor is 100PF ~ 100nF, and the resistance value of resistor is 10k Ω ~ 200M Ω.
2. multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in described RC circuit, the capacitance of capacitor is 500PF ~ 3nF, and the resistance value of resistor is 500k Ω ~ 20M Ω.
3. multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device according to claim 1 or 2; it is characterized in that being provided with current protector; one end of described current protector is connected to first discharge gap (F1) outer end, and its other end is connected to the common port of each bar circuits for triggering.
4. multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device according to claim 3; it is characterized in that being provided with indicating circuit; one end of described indicating circuit is connected to the last discharge gap (Fn) outer end; its other end is connected to the common port of each bar circuits for triggering; or one end of described indicating circuit is connected to the last discharge gap (Fn) outer end, its other end is connected to first discharge gap (F1) outer end.
5. multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that described discharge gap is Open architecture or sealed construction.
6. multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device according to claim 5, is characterized in that the discharge gap of described Open architecture is made up of the insulating annular pad placed between n+1 electrode slice and adjacent two electrode slices.
7. multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the discharge gap of described sealed construction is made up of n+1 electrode slice and n airtight container, described electrode slice is positioned at airtight container and is fixed by airtight container.
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| CN201210030440.2A CN102545196B (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2012-02-10 | Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device |
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| CN201210030440.2A CN102545196B (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2012-02-10 | Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device |
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| CN102545196B true CN102545196B (en) | 2015-01-28 |
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| CN102969654A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-03-13 | 深圳市莱普斯科技有限公司 | Air discharge gap with arc chute |
| CN103969529A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-06 | 菲尼克斯亚太电气（南京）有限公司 | Multi-layer gap type lightning arrester indicating circuit |
| DE102015114504A1 (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-02 | Epcos Ag | Mehrfachfunkenstreckenableiter |
| CN105186479B (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2018-01-09 | 成都兴业雷安电子有限公司 | A kind of surge protector of communication navigation set |
| CN105610140B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-08-17 | 成都兴业雷安电子有限公司 | A kind of lightning protection surge protection |
| DE102016101633A1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Epcos Ag | Arrangement for deriving overvoltages |
| CN106026064B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-07-03 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | A kind of bridge architecture multilayer gap-type surge protector |
| CN106257786B (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2020-07-28 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | High-safety multilayer gap type surge protection device |
| CN108054744B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2024-05-14 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | Multipole multilayer clearance type surge protector |
| CN114336553B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-02-20 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | Surge protector |
| CN113765083B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-10-25 | 西安交通大学 | Graphite-metal coating-based controllable multilayer gap overvoltage protector with high weldability |
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Owner name: SICHUAN ZHONGGUANG LIGHTING PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: YANG GUOHUA Effective date: 20130301 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 610051 CHENGDU, SICHUAN PROVINCE TO: 611731 CHENGDU, SICHUAN PROVINCE |
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Effective date of registration: 20130301 Address after: Tianyu Chengdu road 611731, Sichuan province high tech Zone West Park No. 19 Applicant after: Sichuan Zhongguang Lightning Protection Technologies Co., Ltd. Address before: The three section of the 610051 Sichuan province Chengdu City Construction Road No. 2 Longhu Street three thousand block a room 2202 Applicant before: Yang Guohua |
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