CN207910454U - A kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector; including three end to end multilayer gap protection circuits; the head end and tail end of every multilayer gap protection circuit are respectively the first terminal and Second terminal of this multilayer gap protection circuit, and every multilayer gap protection circuit includes：N gap：It is sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and Second terminal of multilayer gap protection circuit；1 trigger circuit of n：One end of every trigger circuit is connect with the first terminal of multilayer gap protection circuit or Second terminal, the public clearance electrode connection in the other end two gaps corresponding with n gap of multilayer gap protection circuit.Three end to end multilayer gap protection circuits are arranged in the utility model in surge protector; each multilayer gap protection circuit constitutes a protected mode, makes the utility model that multi-mode protection may be implemented, and each protected mode is independent of one another; circuit influences each other small, the operation is stable.

Description

A kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector

Technical field

The utility model is related to field of electronic devices, and in particular to a kind of high stability multipole multilayer clearance type surge protection Device.

Background technology

Surge protector is for the electricity to direct lightning effects and the generation of indirect lightning effects or other transient overvoltages Pour into the electric appliance of row protection.Surge protector is arranged in by protection system, when generating surge on the circuit in system, surge Protector action, the transient overvoltage of restraining line road and releases surge current, various electronics in protection system and electrically sets It is standby.

It is many by protection system, such as AC power supply system, DC power system, photovoltaic power supply system etc. all includes a plurality of Circuit.At present these by protection system, to surge protector, more stringent requirements are proposed：1) there are more protected modes to be protected to it Shield；2) the impulsive discharge electric current of each protected mode is big, residual voltage is low and blocking afterflow ability is strong.Meanwhile also requiring each guarantor Shield pattern performance as possible is consistent, and to prevent from causing to damage because of engineering connection mistake, each protected mode of surge protector is wanted As possible independently of one another, it influences each other to reduce circuit, avoids causing job insecurity.

Therefore, a kind of surge protector of the more protected modes of independent high stability of circuit structure is designed with very heavy The meaning wanted.

Utility model content

In view of this, the application provides a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector, by surge The multilayer gap protection circuit of three head and the tail connections of setting, each multilayer gap protection circuit constitute a kind of protection in protector Pattern, compared with prior art for, the utility model realize multi-mode protection, each protected mode is independent of one another, circuit phase Mutually influence small, the operation is stable.The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：

A kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector, including three end to end multilayer gap protection electricity Road, the head end and tail end of every multilayer gap protection circuit be respectively this multilayer gap protection circuit first terminal and The first terminal of Second terminal, three multilayers gap protection circuit connects respectively as three differences of the surge protector Line terminals, every multilayer gap protection circuit further include：

N gap：It is sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and Second terminal of place multilayer gap protection circuit；

N-1 trigger circuit：One end of every trigger circuit and the first terminal of place multilayer gap protection circuit or the Two-terminal connects, the public gap electricity in the other end two gaps corresponding with n gap of place multilayer gap protection circuit Pole connects；

Wherein, n >=2, and n is integer.

Further, at least there are two the clearance distances in gap in n gap of every multilayer gap protection circuit It is unequal.

Further, as n >=3, there is the clearance distance phase of k adjacent segment in every multilayer gap protection circuit Deng, and the clearance distance of the k adjacent segment is less than the clearance distance in remaining gap of its place multilayer gap protection circuit, Wherein, k >=2.

Further, every multilayer gap protection circuit is both provided with a safe secondary protection circuit；

First terminal and the Second terminal of multilayer gap protection circuit where every safe secondary protection circuit is connected in parallel on it Between or three safe secondary protection circuits the mutual short circuit in one end, the other end respectively with corresponding multilayer gap protection circuit first Terminal connects.

Further, the safe secondary protection circuit is by capacitor, resistor, resistance-capacitance device, piezoresistor, inductor, warm One or more of sensitive resistor, Transient Suppression Diode, the air gap, gas-discharge tube or fuse are constituted, the resistance Container is constituted by resistor is in parallel with capacitor.

Further, it is serially connected with disengaging between the first terminal and Second terminal of every multilayer gap protection circuit Device.

Further, the trigger circuit is at least capacitor, resistor, resistance-capacitance device, piezoresistor, inductor, heat One kind in sensitive resistor, Transient Suppression Diode, the air gap or gas-discharge tube, the resistance-capacitance device is by resistor and capacitance Device parallel connection is constituted.

Further, the gap of every multilayer gap protection circuit is gas-discharge tube, graphite gaps or metal gap.

Further, the first terminal of a multilayer gap protection circuit in three multilayers gap protection circuit and Remote signalling indicating circuit is parallel between Second terminal, the circuit structure of the remote signalling indicating circuit includes the fusing being sequentially connected in series Device, inductor, resistor, the first diode, light emitting diode and resistance-capacitance device, anode and the resistor of first diode connect It connects, the cathode of the first diode and the anode of light emitting diode connect, and the remote signalling indicating circuit further includes the second diode, institute The cathode for stating the second diode is connect with the anode of the first diode, and the anode of the second diode connects with the cathode of light emitting diode It connects.

A kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector, including three end to end multilayer gap protection electricity Road, the head end and tail end of every multilayer gap protection circuit be respectively this multilayer gap protection circuit first terminal and The first terminal of Second terminal, three multilayers gap protection circuit connects respectively as three differences of the surge protector Line terminals,

Two of which multilayer gap protection circuit includes：

N gap：It is sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and Second terminal of place multilayer gap protection circuit；

N-1 trigger circuit：One end of every trigger circuit and the first terminal of place multilayer gap protection circuit or the Two-terminal connects, the public gap electricity in the other end two gaps corresponding with n gap of place multilayer gap protection circuit Pole connects；

Wherein, n >=2, and n is integer；

An other multilayer gap protection circuit is by a kind of structure in gas-discharge tube, the air gap or piezoresistor At.

Three multilayer gap protection circuits by being integrated in a surge protector by the application, each multilayer gap It protects circuit to constitute a kind of protected mode, realizes more protected modes in a surge protector in this way.Each protection mould Formula is as a result of multilayer gap as surge leakage path, and impulsive discharge electric current is big, residual voltage is low and blocking afterflow ability is strong.Three Multilayer gap protection circuit joins end to end successively, shape such as triangle, and each circuit is independent, and performance is consistent, the not phase of circuit It mutually influences, the operation is stable, while can also prevent from causing to damage because of engineering connection mistake.Remote signalling is set and indicates function, it can be with Indicate circuit and surge protector trouble and state.

In addition, for high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector provided by the present application, each protection The number of gaps n of pattern can be equal, can not also be equal, when specifically used, the gap of every multilayer gap protection circuit Quantity can be reasonably selected according to actual conditions, when the number of gaps of each multilayer gap protection circuit is arranged equal, Symmetrical structure is may be constructed, the stability of surge protector is further increased, wiring error can be effectively prevent, work as each When the number of gaps of multilayer gap protection circuit is arranged unequal, different gaps can be selected for different protection circuits Quantity, to realize best match；It connects between the first terminal and Second terminal of every multilayer gap protection circuit disengaging Device, can be in multilayer gap protection circuit because discharging gap resistance reduces or occur when short-circuit the case where excessive electric current or overheat Under make disconnector where protection circuit be detached from protected circuit in time, it is each to improve the security performance of surge protector A gap is all triggered when the trigger circuit work of a protected mode, it is lower to start voltage.It is all triggered when trigger circuit works more A gap can then reduce trigger circuit quantity.Increase two stages of circuit, surge amplitude can be further decreased, surge is protected It is more preferable to protect performance.One of protected mode is used into non-multilayer gap protection device, utility model is made to meet different protections Mode performance requires the application demand of different protective values, further saves space, reduces cost.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the internal protection circuitry structural schematic diagram for the surge protector that embodiment 1 provides.

Fig. 2 is that the surge protector that provides of embodiment 1 is different from that Fig. 1 shows the internal protection circuitry structural representations of method Figure.

Fig. 3 is a kind of internal protection circuitry structural schematic diagram being provided with safe secondary protection circuit that embodiment 1 provides.

Fig. 4 is the internal protection circuitry structural schematic diagram that the another kind that embodiment 1 provides is provided with safe secondary protection circuit.

Fig. 5 is provided with the internal protection circuitry structural schematic diagram of safe secondary protection circuit for another that embodiment 1 provides.

Fig. 6 is the internal protection circuitry structural schematic diagram for being in series with disconnector that embodiment 1 provides.

Fig. 7 is a kind of internal protection circuitry structural schematic diagram being provided with remote signalling indicating circuit that embodiment 1 provides.

Fig. 8 (a)-Fig. 8 (p) is 16 kinds of different gaps.

Fig. 9 (a)-Fig. 9 (d) is four kinds of different trigger circuits.

Figure 10 is the internal protection circuitry structural schematic diagram for the surge protector that embodiment 2 provides.

Reference numeral：G-the air gap, Z-trigger circuit, RV-piezoresistor, L-inductor, C-capacitor, The first diode of R-resistor, V-gas-discharge tube, F-fuse, VD1-, the second diodes of VD2-, VL-luminous two Pole pipe, D-disconnector.

Specific implementation mode

In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical solution of the utility model, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and have The utility model is described in further detail for body embodiment.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector, including three head The connected multilayer gap protection circuit of tail, the head end and tail end of every multilayer gap protection circuit are respectively that this multilayer gap is protected The first terminal and Second terminal of protection circuit, i.e. every multilayer gap protection circuit are both provided with first terminal and Second terminal, For the first terminal of three multilayer gap protection circuits respectively as three different connecting terminals of the surge protector, every more Lamellar spacing protection circuit further include：

N gap：It is sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and Second terminal of place multilayer gap protection circuit；Here it needs It is noted that the gap in the present embodiment can be there are many form, such as gas-discharge tube V, graphite gaps or the air gap G Can be the gap (abbreviation graphite gaps) that graphite electrode is constituted or gap (the referred to as gold that metal electrode is constituted Deng, the air gap G Belong to gap), in some sense, gas-discharge tube V also belongs to the air gap, presents and describes for convenience, and the gap in Fig. 1 is used The air gap G indicates that n gap is G1-Gn, constitutes the electrode abbreviation clearance electrode in gap；

N-1 trigger circuit Z1-Zn-1：The first end of one end and place multilayer gap protection circuit of every trigger circuit Son or Second terminal connection, the other end two gaps corresponding with n gap of place multilayer gap protection circuit it is public Clearance electrode connects；Wherein, the public clearance electrode in the other end of every trigger circuit two gaps corresponding with n gap Connection specifically refers to：The first terminal or second end of one end and place multilayer gap protection circuit of pth trigger circuit Zp Son connection, the other end are connect with the public clearance electrode in+1 gap in p-th of gap and pth；Here, trigger circuit is indicated with Z, N-1 trigger circuit is Z1-Zn-1, in addition, the public clearance electrode in two gaps refers to two gaps be used in conjunction with or The clearance electrode being electrically connected to each other；

Wherein, n ＞ p, p >=1, n >=2, and n and p are integer.

In the present embodiment, the first terminal of every multilayer gap protection circuit is protected respectively as multipole multilayer clearance type surge A connecting terminal of device is protected, which can not also short circuit with short circuit.

What needs to be explained here is that n gap series of first multilayer gap protection circuit are in first multilayer gap Between the first terminal and Second terminal of protecting circuit, n gap series of Article 2 multilayer gap protection circuit are in Article 2 Between the first terminal and Second terminal of multilayer gap protection circuit, n gap series of Article 3 multilayer gap protection circuit Between the first terminal and Second terminal of Article 3 multilayer gap protection circuit.

In three multilayer gap protection circuits of the present embodiment, the n values in each multilayer gap protection circuit can phase Deng, it can not also be equal, i.e., between the number of gaps of each multilayer gap protection circuit and remaining multilayer gap protection circuit Gap quantity can be equal, can not also be equal, in other words, the trigger circuit quantity of each multilayer gap protection circuit and its The trigger circuit quantity of remaining multilayer gap protection circuit can be equal, can not also be equal, and specifically, each multilayer gap is protected Protection circuit constitutes a kind of protected mode, and when specifically used, the number of gaps of every multilayer gap protection circuit can be according to reality Border situation reasonably selects, and when the number of gaps of each multilayer gap protection circuit is arranged equal, may be constructed symmetrical junction Structure keeps the performance of surge protector more stable, is also possible to prevent wiring error, when the gap of each multilayer gap protection circuit When quantity is arranged unequal, different number of gaps can be selected for different protection circuits, using different gap numbers The technical indicators such as different voltage protection levels, different blocking afterflow abilities, different through-current capabilities may be implemented in amount, thus with Protection demand realizes best match.

In actual circuit, such as in single phase industrial frequence AC line protection pattern：Circuit L (phase line) and circuit N is (neutral Line) between protection, the protection between circuit L (phase line) and circuit PE (ground wire) and circuit N (neutral conductor) and circuit PE Protection between (ground wire), it is desirable that the follow current interrupt ability of the protection between circuit L (phase line) and circuit N (neutral conductor) is higher than Other protected modes.

In another example：Three-phase main-frequency ac power supply system circuit, protected mode have：Circuit L1 (phase line) and circuit N is (neutral Line) between protection, the protection between circuit L2 (phase line) and circuit N (neutral conductor), circuit L3 (phase line) and circuit N it is (neutral Line) between protection and circuit N (neutral conductor) and circuit PE (ground wire) between protection, wherein it is required that circuit N (neutral conductor) Protection residual voltage between circuit PE (ground wire) is less than other protected modes.Again for example：DC power-supply system circuit, protected mode Have：Protection, circuit DC+ (direct-flow positive pole line) between circuit DC+ (direct-flow positive pole line) and circuit DC- (direct current negative line) and line Protection, circuit DC- (direct current negative line) between road PE (ground wire) and the protection between circuit PE (ground wire).It is required that circuit DC+ Protection, circuit DC- (direct current negative line) between (direct-flow positive pole line) and circuit PE (ground wire) and between circuit PE (ground wire) Protect residual voltage identical, and less than the protected mode between circuit DC+ (direct-flow positive pole line) and circuit DC- (direct current negative line).

In the multilayer gap protection circuit of multi-pole surge protective device, the follow current interrupt ability in gap and the quantity in gap Being proportionate property, and the residual voltage in gap with the quantity in gap negatively correlated property, then being realized by the quantity for adjusting gap The protecting effect of different residual voltages, the present embodiment can meet requirement of the different protected circuits to different protected modes.In addition, The number of gaps between certain protected mode is intentionally reduced, the space on the one hand saved can be used for increasing heat-dissipating space and gap On the other hand electrode size reduces in impact process clearance electrode fever total amount, effect can improve discharge capacity lightning protection It can index.

As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, first terminal that three multilayer gap protection circuits can be set be respectively terminal A, The first terminal (terminal A) of wherein one multilayer gap protection circuit can be specifically connected to circuit by terminal B and terminal C The first terminal (terminal B) of another multilayer gap protection circuit is connected to circuit PE (ground wire), will be left by N (neutral conductor) A multilayer gap protection circuit first terminal (terminal C) be connected to circuit L (phase line), terminal A and terminal B, terminal B and There is the device of protection surge between terminal C, terminal A and terminal C, therefore forms 3 protected modes.If by between every multilayer The number of gaps n of gap protection circuit is arranged equal, after being arranged in this way, there is identical number of gaps, phase between AB, BC, AC With trigger circuit, then each protected mode is all symmetrical structure, when engineering by discharge gap obscure and when wrong, because of each guarantor Shield pattern is identical, so surge protector will not be damaged, will not take the difference of protecting effect to.

Among above-mentioned protected mode, only connected at the head and the tail of three multilayer gap protection circuits, it is not other The circuit being connected to each other, then the work of discharge gap and trigger circuit is independent, so work will not influence each other.

Surge protection device in above-mentioned protected mode is put gap by multilayer and is formed, and discharge gap is switching-type device.Electric discharge Gap is more much lower than the impedance after votage limit type surge break-over of device after conducting, so residual voltage is low.Dash current is in electrode in this way The Joule heat of upper formation is relatively small, so impulsive discharge electric current is big.Because it is to have the annular shim of insulation to close to be discharge gap, So leaking without electric arc.Because discharge gap is formed by n gap series, blocking afterflow ability is strong.

In the embodiment, the protected mode of terminal A and terminal B：It is made of the discharge gap between terminal A and B, and terminal A With the protected mode of terminal C：It is made of the discharge gap between terminal A and C, the protected mode of terminal B and terminal C：By terminal B Discharge gap between C is constituted, and compared with different protected modes all uses independent device, the present embodiment has saved device Quantity, and while saving space, reducing cost, it is also equipped with good barrier propterty, low cost, low volume can be met Requirement.

When the present embodiment specific works, each gap is connected step by step, i.e., the conducting in follow-up gap is on condition that between prime Gap needs to be connected, such as clearance G 2 will be connected and is connected firstly the need of clearance G 1, and under normal circumstances, the ignition voltage in follow-up gap is After the sum of the pressure drop of prime discharge gap and itself pressure drop, such as G1 conductings, pressure drop must be will produce, so the voltage meeting after G2 conductings The pressure drop of pressure drop and G2 itself including G1, and so on, follow-up gap conducting voltage can be raised step by step, be eventually exhibited as entire Surge protector ignition voltage increases.

In the specific implementation, the present embodiment may be arranged as：N clearance G 1-Gn of every multilayer gap protection circuit In at least there are two gap clearance distance it is unequal.

As a preferred embodiment, making the clearance distance in n gap of every multilayer gap protection circuit from the 1st gap to N gap is gradually reduced, to which in every multilayer gap protection circuit specific works, the pressure drop in each gap is subtracting successively It is small, to make the ignition voltage of entire surge protector reduce, in addition, since the 1st gap is closest to protected circuit, by The clearance distance in 1 gap is arranged maximum, reduces the 1st breakdown risk in gap.

As another preferred embodiment, making n >=3, and make the clearance gap for having k adjacent segment in every multilayer gap protection circuit From equal, the clearance distance in remaining gap of multilayer gap protection circuit where the clearance distance of k adjacent segment is less than it, In, k >=2.

Preferably as another, make n >=3, and keep the clearance distance in the 1st gap of every multilayer gap protection circuit big Clearance distance in remaining n-1 gap；Wherein, the clearance distance in remaining described n-1 gap can be all equal, can also The clearance distance of only portion gap is equal, and the clearance distance in remaining described n-1 gap can also be made unequal.

Preferably as another, make n >=6, and make the 1st gap of every multilayer gap protection circuit, the 2nd gap, The clearance distance in the n-th -2 gaps, (n-1)th gap and n-th of gap is equal, and the clearance distance is less than between its place multilayer Gap protects the distance in remaining gap of circuit.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the first terminal of every multilayer gap protection circuit in the present embodiment and Second terminal it Between can be with safe secondary protection circuit in parallel.Wherein, safe secondary protection circuit can be separately formed by piezoresistor RV, can also be by Inductor L, gas-discharge tube V and piezoresistor RV are in series, in more detail, can be by capacitor C, resistor R, capacitance-resistance Device, piezoresistor RV, inductor L, thermal resistor, Transient Suppression Diode, the air gap G, gas-discharge tube V or fusing One or more of device F is constituted.In the specific implementation, protection circuit item number in parallel can be a plurality of, constitute multi-stage protection Circuit, former multilayer gap protection circuit are that the first order protects circuit, protection circuit in parallel to be followed successively by second level protection circuit, the Three-level protective circuit, and so on to N grades of protection circuits, wherein second level protection circuit can reduce between first order multilayer Gap protects the momentary spike generated when circuit discharging, improves the lightning protection properties index of surge protector.Specifically, Fig. 3 two levels are protected Protection circuit benefit is that piezoresistor RV can be made not continue leakage current, increase pressure-sensitive electricity because there is gas-discharge tube isolation Hinder the service life of device RV.Fig. 4 safe secondary protection circuit benefits be because there is fuse F, piezoresistor RV can be made in cracking and When deenergization circuit, increase the safety of piezoresistor RV.

It should be noted that secondary circuit in parallel is in addition to being connected in parallel between first terminal and Second terminal, it can also be simultaneously It is associated between the clearance electrode public two-by-two of first order protection circuit (multilayer gap protection circuit).

As shown in figure 5, safe secondary protection circuit provided in this embodiment can also be arranged in this way：Every multilayer gap protection electricity Road is both provided with a safe secondary protection circuit, the mutual short circuit in one end of every safe secondary protection circuit, the other end respectively with it is corresponding The first terminal of multilayer gap protection circuit connects.Specifically, the safe secondary protection circuit of two of which multilayer gap protection circuit May include the fuse F being serially connected and piezoresistor RV, in addition the second class protection of a multilayer gap protection circuit is electric Road can be made of gas-discharge tube V, wherein one end of the safe secondary protection circuit of three multilayer gap protection circuits is mutually short It connects, the other end is connected with the first terminal of corresponding multilayer gap protection circuit respectively, and the good of safe secondary protection circuit is arranged in this way Place is reduction of surge voltage, has saved number of devices.

As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, may be used also between the first terminal and Second terminal of every multilayer gap protection circuit With the disconnector D that connects, wherein any position that the position of disconnector D can be between first terminal and Second terminal, disconnector D can be made of fuse F.For some to the extra high occasion of security requirement, as surge is super due to some are extreme The surge protector capacity configured, power-supply system exception, extreme weather conditions etc. are crossed, cause surge protector failure, entirely Low-resistance, even short-circuit condition is externally presented in surge protector, then the electric energy of protected circuit can be continuously applied to surge protection Device both ends, surge protector persistently consume electric energy, can cause to generate heat or burn, so that safety reduces, can finally influence The normal operation of protected circuit can be in multilayer gap protection circuit because discharging gap resistance reduces after series connection disconnector D Or occur making the protection circuit where disconnector D be detached from by protective loop in time in the case that electric current is excessive or overheat when short circuit, To improve the security performance of surge protector.Most simply, disconnector can be made of fuse or fuse, except this it Outside, disconnector may be a mechanism.The mechanism includes the first connection conductor being connect with first terminal and first gap Clearance electrode connection second connection conductor and connection it is described first connection conductor and second connection conductor solder joint, work as stream The electric current for crossing disconnector is excessive or when the heat accumulated on disconnector is excessively high, the solder joint fusingization of disconnector, after solder joint fusing The first connection conductor and second is set to connect conductor one space spacing of formation, i.e., the first connection conductor and the second connection conductor from electricity Connection becomes to disconnect, and to make surge protector fall off disengaging by protective loop, improves the reliability of surge protector.It is above-mentioned de- It is a kind of simple mechanism form from device, can accelerates disconnector weldering with added force element, such as spring on the basis of the mechanism The movement of point.Insulating trip is added, isolation can be formed between the first connection conductor and the second connection conductor after solder joint fusing, Dielectric strength is provided, arc reignition is prevented.Disconnector can also be said mechanism and fuse or fuse combinations, be also not necessarily limited to It is one.

As shown in fig. 7, in surge protector provided in this embodiment, wherein the first end of a multilayer gap protection circuit Between son and Second terminal can a remote signalling indicating circuit in parallel, specifically, the circuit structure of remote signalling indicating circuit include according to Secondary concatenated fuse F, inductor L, resistor R, the first diode VD1, light emitting diode VL and resistance-capacitance device, the first diode The anode of VD1 is connect with resistor R, and the cathode of the first diode VD1 is connect with the anode of light emitting diode VL, remote signalling instruction electricity Road further includes the second diode VD2, and the cathode of the second diode VD2 is connect with the anode of the first diode VD1, the second diode The anode of VD2 is connect with the cathode of light emitting diode VL, the resistance-capacitance device by resistor R and capacitor C parallel connections reach at.This remote signalling In indicating circuit, F is independent alarm fuse, and L is current-limiting inductance, and the resistor R being connect with current-limiting inductance limits for indicating circuit Flow resistor, the resistor R in resistance-capacitance device are drain resistor, and the capacitor C in resistance-capacitance device is step-down capacitor, and VD1, VD2 are Protection diode, VL are light emitting diode.If clearance surge protects circuit malfunctions, F that will fuse, light emitting diode is put out It goes out, instruction Surge Protector is faulty.After F fusing, subsidiary switch motion, electrical connection between switch contact 11 and 14 is from disconnected Open state variation is closed state, outputs signal：Indicate normal when switch off state, when closed state indicates failure or mistake Effect.Switching logic can also select to go off from closure or signal combination exports.If you do not need to remote signaling function, fusing The fuse without output contact can be used in device.

Independent alarm fuse can also be set in the trigger circuit of this implementation, realize that fault-signal is defeated in trigger circuit Go out.

The function of independent alarm fuse can also be realized using thermal resistor, disconnector, mechanical switch.

It should be noted that indicating circuit can also add surge protection device again, such as transient diode, silicon are partly led Body, avalanche breakdown diode, Zener diode, break-over diode, diode of turning back, piezoresistor, the air gap, gas are put Fulgurite, thyristor surgesuppressor, thermal resistor and combinations thereof.Surge protection device is added, keeps indicating circuit safer.

In the present embodiment, trigger circuit be at least capacitor C, resistor R, resistance-capacitance device, piezoresistor RV, inductor L, One kind in thermal resistor, Transient Suppression Diode, the air gap or gas-discharge tube, the resistance-capacitance device is by resistor and electricity Container parallel connection is constituted.

In the present embodiment, the circuit series sequence of remote signalling indicating circuit can be adjusted.

In the present embodiment, the gap of every multilayer gap protection circuit is between gas-discharge tube V, graphite gaps or metal Gap.When it is implemented, number of gaps is more, not only starting voltage can increase, and the probability for gap blind spot occur also will increase, as It is preferred that the number of gaps of multilayer gap protection circuit can be 3-18.

Specifically, gap can be any one in the 16 kinds of gaps as shown in Fig. 8 (a)-Fig. 8 (p), wherein Fig. 8 (a) it is two electrode the air gap G, Fig. 8 (b) is that two electrode the air gap G connect with resistor R, and Fig. 8 (c) is two electrode air Clearance G is connected with piezoresistor RV, and Fig. 8 (d) is that two electrode the air gap G connect with gas-discharge tube V, and Fig. 8 (e) is two electricity Pole the air gap G connects with two electrode the air gap G, and Fig. 8 (f) is that two electrode the air gap G are in parallel with capacitor C, Fig. 8 (g) In parallel with resistor R for two electrode the air gap G, Fig. 8 (h) is that two electrode the air gap G are in parallel with piezoresistor RV, Fig. 8 (i) it is that two electrode the air gap G are in parallel with two-electrode gas discharge tube V, Fig. 8 (j) is two-electrode gas discharge tube V, Fig. 8 (k) It connects with resistor R for two-electrode gas discharge tube V, Fig. 8 (l) two-electrode gas discharge tube V connect with piezoresistor RV, figure 8 (m) two-electrode gas discharge tube V and two-electrode gas discharge tube V, Fig. 8 (n) are two-electrode gas discharge tube V and capacitor C Parallel connection, Fig. 8 (o) are that two-electrode gas discharge tube V is in parallel with resistor R, and Fig. 8 (p) is two-electrode gas discharge tube V and pressure-sensitive electricity Hinder device RV parallel connections.

Specifically, trigger circuit can be any one in four kinds of trigger circuits shown in Fig. 9 (a)-Fig. 9 (d), Fig. 9 (a) In parallel with resistor R for capacitor C, Fig. 9 (b) is capacitor C, and Fig. 9 (c) is resistor R, and Fig. 9 (d) is piezoresistor RV. Trigger circuit can be the combination of the above device, can also connect with the air gap or gas-discharge tube.Trigger circuit can be with It is the combination of the above device, it can also be with the combination of the air gap or discharge tube.The parameter of each device of trigger circuit can be identical It can not also be identical.

When it is implemented, discharging gap G include the first clearance electrode and the second clearance electrode, and the first clearance electrode and Insulating annular gasket is placed between second clearance electrode, the first clearance electrode and the second clearance electrode maintain defined gap Distance, and the first clearance electrode and the second clearance electrode are conductive materials, the conductive material can be graphite either metal or It is alloy.Metal includes：Silver, copper, gold, aluminium, zinc, tungsten, nickel, iron, platinum, tin, titanium, manganese, steel.The preferential tungsten-copper alloy of alloy.Between Gap can be Open architecture or enclosed construction, electrode slice composition, cross section be circle, diamond shape, rectangle, square, Triangle, ellipse, waist type or polygon, thickness are 1mm~8mm.Preferably, clearance cross section is round and waist type, thickness For 1mm~3mm.The shape of annular shim is corresponding with above-mentioned clearance cross section, you can for annulus, diamond shape ring, rectangle ring, just Q-RING, triangular loop, vesica piscis, waist type ring or polygon ring, can be by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), rubber, nylon, mica, ceramics Or any one material is made in Du Pont's paper, the thickness of insulating annular gasket can be 0.1mm~0.7mm, preferably 0.2mm~ 0.5mm。

Gas-discharge tube V can be that patch encapsulates, and can also be what plug-in unit encapsulated.Gas-discharge tube V is close using ceramics Encapsulation is closed, it is internal by two or the metal electrode of several band gaps, it is filled with inert gas (argon gas or neon) composition.When being added to The voltage of two electrode tips reaches when making the gas breakdown in gas-discharge tube V, and gas-discharge tube just starts to discharge, and by high resistive At low-resistance, the voltage at electrode both ends is made to be no more than breakdown voltage.

When it is implemented, the capacitance of the capacitor C in resistance-capacitance device is 100PF~100nF, preferably 500PF~3nF, it is resistance to It is 100V~10kV by voltage, the resistor values of resistor R are 10k Ω~200M Ω, and preferably 500k Ω~20M Ω, power is 1/8W~10W, and in order to ensure that the charge being charged in trigger circuit is fully released within the interval time of lightning impulse, use When resistance-capacitance device, it is preferable that when 3 times of the time constant of its RC or 4 times or 5 times or 6 times of intervals that should be less than between being struck by lightning twice Between.

The capacitance of the capacitor C be 100PF~100nF, preferably 500PF~3nF, withstanding voltage be 100V~ 10kV。

Embodiment 2

As shown in Figure 10, the present embodiment provides a kind of triangular multi-layer gap-type surge protector, internal protection circuitries Including three end to end multilayer gap protection circuits, the head end and tail end of every multilayer gap protection circuit are respectively this The first terminal and Second terminal of multilayer gap protection circuit, i.e. every multilayer gap protection circuit be both provided with first terminal and Second terminal, the three different terminals of the first terminals of three multilayer gap protection circuits respectively as the surge protector Son, two of which multilayer gap protection circuit further include：

N gap：It is sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and Second terminal of place multilayer gap protection circuit；Here it needs It is noted that gap in the present embodiment can be there are many form, and such as gas-discharge tube V, the air gap G, the air gap G can be graphite gaps or metal gap, and in some sense, gas-discharge tube V and graphite gaps also belong to the air gap, in order to Facilitate presentation and description, the gap in Figure 10 is indicated with the air gap G, and n gap is G1-Gn；

N-1 trigger circuit Z1-Zn-1：The first end of one end and place multilayer gap protection circuit of every trigger circuit Son or Second terminal connection, the other end two gaps corresponding with n gap of place multilayer gap protection circuit it is public Clearance electrode connects；Wherein, the public clearance electrode in the other end of every trigger circuit two gaps corresponding with n gap Connection specifically refers to：The first terminal or second end of one end and place multilayer gap protection circuit of pth trigger circuit Zp Son connection, the other end are connect with the public clearance electrode in+1 gap in p-th of gap and pth；Here, trigger circuit is indicated with Z, N-1 trigger circuit is Z1-Zn-1, in addition, the public clearance electrode in two gaps refers to two gaps be used in conjunction with or The clearance electrode being electrically connected to each other；

Wherein, n ＞ p, p >=1, n >=2, and n and p are integer；

It is left a multilayer gap protection circuit to be made of a gas-discharge tube V.By a wherein multilayer gap protection Circuit is set as gas-discharge tube V, can improve comprehensive performance, such as high follow current interrupt is not needed in N-PE protected modes N-PE protected modes can be used gas-discharge tube by ability in order to reduce surge protector volume.Additionally need explanation It is that gas-discharge tube V may be replaced by such as capacitor C, inductor L, resistor R, fuse F, transient diode, silicon half Conductor, avalanche breakdown diode, Zener diode, break-over diode, diode of turning back, piezoresistor RV, thyristor surge Suppressor, thermal resistor, the air gap G, gas-discharge tube V and combinations thereof.

Above are merely preferred embodiments of the utility model, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not regard For limitations of the present invention, the scope of protection of the utility model should be subject to claim limited range.For For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, it can also make several Improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector, which is characterized in that including three end to end multilayers Gap protection circuit, the head end and tail end of every multilayer gap protection circuit are respectively this multilayer gap protection circuit First terminal and Second terminal, the first terminal of three multilayers gap protection circuit is respectively as the surge protector Three different connecting terminals, every multilayer gap protection circuit further include：

N gap：It is sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and Second terminal of place multilayer gap protection circuit；

N-1 trigger circuit：The first terminal or second end of one end and place multilayer gap protection circuit of every trigger circuit The public clearance electrode of son connection, the other end two gaps corresponding with n gap of place multilayer gap protection circuit connects It connects；

Wherein, n >=2, and n is integer.

2. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Clearance distance in n gap of every multilayer gap protection circuit at least there are two gap is unequal.

3. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector according to claim 2, which is characterized in that work as n When >=3, there is the clearance distance of k adjacent segment equal in every multilayer gap protection circuit, and the k adjacent segment Clearance distance be less than its where multilayer gap protection circuit remaining gap clearance distance, wherein k >=2.

4. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Every multilayer gap protection circuit is both provided with a safe secondary protection circuit；

Where every safe secondary protection circuit is connected in parallel between the first terminal and Second terminal of multilayer gap protection circuit, or The mutual short circuit in one end of three safe secondary protection circuits, the other end connect with the first terminal of corresponding multilayer gap protection circuit respectively It connects.

5. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described Safe secondary protection circuit inhibits two poles by capacitor, resistor, resistance-capacitance device, piezoresistor, inductor, thermal resistor, transient state One or more of pipe, the air gap, gas-discharge tube or fuse are constituted, the resistance-capacitance device by resistor and capacitor simultaneously Connection is constituted.

6. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described It is serially connected with disconnector between the first terminal and Second terminal of every multilayer gap protection circuit.

7. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Trigger circuit is at least capacitor, resistor, resistance-capacitance device, piezoresistor, inductor, thermal resistor, transient state and inhibits two poles One kind in pipe, the air gap or gas-discharge tube, the resistance-capacitance device are constituted by resistor is in parallel with capacitor.

8. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector according to claim 1-7 any one, special Sign is that the gap of every multilayer gap protection circuit is gas-discharge tube, graphite gaps or metal gap.

9. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described It is parallel between the first terminal and Second terminal of a multilayer gap protection circuit in three multilayer gap protection circuits distant Believe indicating circuit, the circuit structure of the remote signalling indicating circuit includes the fuse being sequentially connected in series, inductor, resistor, first Diode, light emitting diode and resistance-capacitance device, first diode anode connect with resistor, the cathode of the first diode and Light emitting diode anode connection, the remote signalling indicating circuit further includes the second diode, the cathode of second diode with The anode connection of first diode, the anode of the second diode are connect with the cathode of light emitting diode.

10. a kind of high stability multipole multilayer gap-type surge protector, which is characterized in that including three end to end multilayers Gap protection circuit, the head end and tail end of every multilayer gap protection circuit are respectively this multilayer gap protection circuit First terminal and Second terminal, the first terminal of three multilayers gap protection circuit is respectively as the surge protector Three different connecting terminals,

Two of which multilayer gap protection circuit includes：

N gap：It is sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and Second terminal of place multilayer gap protection circuit；

N-1 trigger circuit：The first terminal or second end of one end and place multilayer gap protection circuit of every trigger circuit The public clearance electrode of son connection, the other end two gaps corresponding with n gap of place multilayer gap protection circuit connects It connects；

Wherein, n >=2, and n is integer；

An other multilayer gap protection circuit is made of a kind of in gas-discharge tube, the air gap or piezoresistor.