CN106257786B

CN106257786B - High-safety multilayer gap type surge protection device

Info

Publication number: CN106257786B
Application number: CN201610828066.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雷成勇; 阮建中; 张新; 王建波; 代德志; 杨国华
Original assignee: Sichuan Zhongguang Lightning Protection Technologies Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Zhongguang Lightning Protection Technologies Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-09-18
Filing date: 2016-09-18
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2036-09-18
Also published as: CN106257786A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector. The method comprises the following steps: a first terminal, a second terminal; n discharge gaps sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and the second terminal; the first end of each trigger circuit in the n-1 trigger circuits is respectively connected with the common end among the n corresponding discharge gaps, and the second end of each trigger circuit in the n-1 trigger circuits is connected with the second terminal; a protection device for disconnecting the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector from the line to be protected; wherein n is not less than 2 and is an integer.

Description

High-safety multilayer gap type surge protection device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of surge protection devices, in particular to a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protection device.

Background

As is known, when the surge in the line exceeds the normal operating voltage of the electronic device on the line, the insulation of the electronic device is damaged, so that the charges on the line are discharged along an abnormal path, which causes the phenomena of overcurrent, short circuit and the like inside the electronic device, and finally causes the damage of the electronic device. Multilayer gap type surge protectors have been used in large numbers in lines for surge protection. The conventional multilayer gap type surge protector is composed of a plurality of discharge gaps and a trigger circuit. When the multilayer gap type surge protector does not act, the internal discharge gaps are insulated from each other, and the whole surge protector is in a high-resistance state externally and does not influence the operation of a protected line. When a surge comes, a trigger circuit in the multilayer gap type surge triggers a discharge gap to be conducted, and finally the whole surge protector is in a low-resistance state to the outside, so that the surge energy is released.

At present, current multilayer clearance type surge protector is in the during operation, because of surge protector self deterioration or take place transshipping, reasons such as the inside short circuit of discharge gap make whole surge protector externally present low resistance, even short-circuit state, so by the electric energy of protection circuit can continuously apply to the surge protector both ends, surge protector continuously consumes the electric energy, arouse to generate heat or burn to make the security reduce, can influence at last by the normal operating of protection circuit.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector, including: a first terminal, a second terminal;

n discharge gaps sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and the second terminal;

the first end of each trigger circuit in the n-1 trigger circuits is respectively connected with the common end among the n corresponding discharge gaps, and the second end of each trigger circuit in the n-1 trigger circuits is connected with the second terminal;

a protection device for disconnecting the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector from the line to be protected; wherein n is not less than 2 and is an integer.

Further, the protection device is at least one of a disconnector and a fuse.

In particular, the disconnector comprises a first connection conductor, a second connection conductor and a solder joint connecting the first connection conductor and the second connection conductor.

Further, the detacher further comprises a force transmission piece.

Further, the detacher further includes a spacer.

Further, the detacher also includes at least one spring assembly. Wherein, the spring assembly can be a compression spring, an extension spring, a torsion spring, a belleville spring, a spiral spring or a plate spring.

Further, the discharge gap is at least one of a spark gap, a double spark gap, a gas discharge tube, and a symmetrical gas discharge tube.

Further, the trigger circuit is at least one of a capacitor, a resistor, a capacitor resistor, a voltage dependent resistor, a thermistor, a transient diode or a gas discharge tube, and the capacitor resistor is connected in parallel with the capacitor resistor.

Further, the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector further comprises a remote signaling alarm circuit used for outputting the state information of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector.

Further, a state indicating means for indicating the state of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector is included.

Preferably, the status indication means is a window indication assembly or an indication circuit.

Has the advantages that: according to the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector, the protection device is additionally arranged between the discharge gap and the external terminal, so that when the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector is overloaded, the connection between the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector and a protected line can be cut off by disconnecting the protection device, the electric energy of the protected line does not continuously flow through the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector any more, and the safety of the multilayer gap type surge protector is enhanced.

The high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector also comprises a state indicating component, wherein the state indicating component can indicate the state of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector; the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector also comprises a remote signaling alarm circuit, and the remote signaling alarm circuit can output the state information of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector to a user or a state indicating component; thereby further enhancing the safety of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a basic electrical schematic of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an electrical schematic diagram of a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector in embodiment 2 of the present invention, to which a remote signaling alarm circuit is added;

fig. 4 is an electrical schematic diagram of a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector in embodiment 3 of the present invention, to which a remote signaling alarm circuit and a window indicating member are added;

fig. 5 is an electrical schematic diagram of a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector in embodiment 4 of the present invention, to which a remote signaling alarm circuit and an indication circuit are added;

fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a protection device in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6(a) shows a circuit diagram of the detacher D;

FIG. 6(b) shows a circuit diagram of fuse FU;

FIG. 6(c) shows a circuit diagram of disconnector D in series with fuse FU;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a detacher in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7(a) shows a schematic diagram of the construction of a class A detacher;

FIG. 7(B) shows a schematic structural diagram of a class B detacher;

FIG. 7(C) shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a class C detacher;

FIG. 7(D) shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the class D detacher;

FIG. 7(E) shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a class E detacher;

FIG. 7(F) shows a schematic diagram of the construction of a class F detacher;

FIG. 7(G) shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a class G detacher;

FIG. 7(H) shows a schematic structural diagram of a class H detacher;

FIG. 7(I) shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a class I detacher;

FIG. 7(J) shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a class J detacher;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a discharge gap structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8(a) is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a spark gap G;

FIG. 8(b) is a schematic diagram showing the structure in which a spark gap G is connected in series with a resistor R;

FIG. 8(c) shows a schematic diagram of the structure in which the spark gap G is connected in series with the varistor RV;

FIG. 8(d) is a schematic diagram showing the structure in which the spark gap G is connected in parallel with the capacitor C;

FIG. 8(e) is a schematic structural view showing a double spark gap G';

FIG. 8(f) is a schematic view showing the structure of the gas discharge tube V;

FIG. 8(g) is a schematic diagram showing a structure in which a gas discharge tube V is connected in series with a resistor R;

FIG. 8(h) is a schematic diagram showing the structure in which the gas discharge tube V is connected in series with the varistor RV;

FIG. 8(i) is a schematic diagram showing the structure in which a gas discharge tube V is connected in parallel with a capacitor C;

FIG. 8(j) is a schematic view showing the structure of a symmetrical gas discharge tube V';

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a flip-flop circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9(a) shows a structural schematic diagram of the resistor R;

fig. 9(b) shows a structural schematic diagram of the capacitor C;

fig. 9(c) shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the varistor RV;

FIG. 9(d) is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the resistance container RC;

FIG. 9(e) is a schematic diagram showing a structure in which a resistor-capacitor RC is connected in series with a resistor R;

FIG. 9(f) is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the resistor-capacitor RC in series with the fuse FU;

FIG. 9(g) is a schematic diagram showing the structure in which the resistor-capacitor RC is connected in series with the thermistor RT;

fig. 9(h) shows a schematic diagram of a structure in which the resistance-capacitance device RC is connected in series with the inductance L;

FIG. 9(i) is a schematic diagram showing a structure in which a resistor capacitor RC is connected in series with a gas discharge tube V;

fig. 9(j) shows a schematic diagram of a structure in which the resistor-capacitor RC is connected in series with the varistor RV;

fig. 9(k) shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the resistor-capacitor RC in series with the transient diode VD;

FIG. 9(l) is a schematic diagram showing a structure in which a resistor capacitor RC is connected in parallel with a gas discharge tube V;

fig. 9(m) shows a schematic diagram of a structure in which the resistor-capacitor RC is connected in parallel with the varistor RV;

FIG. 9(n) is a schematic diagram of a parallel structure of the resistor-capacitor RC and the transient diode VD;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a remote signaling alarm circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10(a) shows a structural schematic diagram of a normally closed switch K1;

fig. 10(b) shows a structural schematic diagram of the normally open switch K2;

FIG. 10(c) is a schematic diagram showing the construction of the make-before-break switch K3;

fig. 10(d) shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate disconnection switch K4.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The basic circuit structure of a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector according to the present invention is shown in fig. 1. The protection circuit comprises a first terminal and a second terminal which are connected with a protection circuit; the protected circuit comprises a single-phase power frequency alternating current circuit, a three-phase power frequency alternating current circuit, a direct current circuit and a signal circuit.

n discharge gaps, namely Fi, i is 1, 2, …, n, n discharge gaps Fi are sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and the second terminal and are used for protecting electronic equipment connected to the outside of the first terminal and the second terminal;

the first end of each of the n-1 trigger circuits Zj is respectively connected with the common end between the adjacent discharge gaps of the n discharge gaps Fi, and the second end of each of the n-1 trigger circuits Zj is connected with the second terminal and is respectively used for triggering the 1 st to the n-1 st discharge gaps in the discharge gaps Fi to act;

a protection device Y, one end of which is connected with the first terminal and the other end is connected with the electrode 1 of the first discharge gap F1, and is used for disconnecting the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector from the protected line;

wherein n is not less than 2 and is an integer.

It is noted that the discharge gap in all the following embodiments may be any one of the circuits shown in fig. 8. Where fig. 8(a) is a spark gap G, fig. 8(b) is a spark gap G in series with a resistor R, fig. 8(C) is a spark gap G in series with a varistor RV, fig. 8(d) is a spark gap G in parallel with a capacitor C, fig. 8(e) is a double spark gap G ', fig. 8(f) is a gas discharge tube V, fig. 8(G) is a gas discharge tube V in series with a resistor R, fig. 8(h) is a gas discharge tube V in series with a varistor RV, fig. 8(i) is a gas discharge tube V in parallel with a capacitor C, and fig. 8(j) is a symmetrical gas discharge tube V'. Wherein, two electrodes of the double spark gaps G 'and the symmetrical gas discharge tube V' can be selected as output arbitrarily.

The spark gap G may in particular be a graphite or metal discharge gap, which may be of an open or closed construction. The discharge gap is composed of electrode plates, the cross section of the discharge gap is circular, rhombic, rectangular, square, triangular, oval, waist-shaped or polygonal, and the thickness of the discharge gap is 1 mm-8 mm. Preferably, the cross section of each discharge gap is circular and kidney-shaped, the thickness is 1 mm-3 mm, each discharge gap comprises an electrode 1 and an electrode 2, and an insulating annular gasket is arranged between the electrode 1 and the electrode 2, wherein the shape of the insulating annular gasket corresponds to the cross section of the graphite, namely the insulating annular gasket can be a circular ring, a rhombic ring, a rectangular ring, a square ring, a triangular ring, an oval ring, a waist-shaped ring or a polygonal ring, and can be made of any one of polytetrafluoroethylene, rubber, nylon, mica, ceramic or dupont paper, and the thickness of the insulating annular gasket can be 0.1 mm-0.7 mm, preferably 0.2 mm-0.5 mm.

Further, the trigger circuit may be any one of the circuits shown in fig. 9, wherein fig. 9(a) is a resistor R, fig. 9(b) is a capacitor C, fig. 9(C) is a varistor RV, fig. 9(d) is a resistor-capacitor RC, fig. 9(e) is a resistor-capacitor RC in series with the resistor R, fig. 9(f) is a resistor-capacitor RC in series with a fuse FU, fig. 9(g) is a resistor-capacitor RC in series with a thermistor RT, fig. 9(h) is a resistor-capacitor RC in series with an inductor L, fig. 9(i) is a resistor-capacitor RC in series with a gas discharge tube V, fig. 9(j) is a resistor-capacitor RC in series with a varistor RV, fig. 9(k) is a resistor-capacitor RC in series with a transient diode VD, fig. 9(l) is a resistor-capacitor RC in parallel with a gas discharge tube V, fig. 9(M) is a resistor-capacitor RC in parallel with a varistor RV, fig. 9(n) is a resistor-capacitor RC in parallel with a transient diode VD, wherein the capacitor C has a capacitance of 100nF to 100nF, PF is preferably 100 to 100nF 3, PF is 10 to 10 nF, and the resistor R is preferably 10 to 10W is charged to 10, and the trigger circuit is preferably used for a lightning stroke duration of a duration of.

Further, the protection device Y may be any one of the circuits shown in fig. 6. FIG. 6(a) shows a disconnector D, FIG. 6(b) shows a fuse FU, and FIG. 6(c) shows a disconnector D connected in series with the fuse FU.

Specifically, the rated current value of fuse FU is set to 0.5A to 500A. Preferably, the rated current value is 63A to 160A.

Specifically, the detacher D may be any one of the circuits shown in fig. 7. Fig. 7(a) shows a class a disconnector structure including a first connecting conductor 1, a second connecting conductor 2, and a pad 3 for connecting the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not actuated, the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the horizontal direction, a certain gap is kept between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the welding spot 3 is filled in the gap position of the connecting ends, so that the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connected state.

When the disconnector D is actuated, the solder 3 melts and cannot completely fill the connection terminal gap position, so that a gap is formed between the connection terminals of the first and

second connection conductors

1 and 2, and the first and

second connection conductors

1 and 2 are in a disconnected state.

Fig. 7(B) shows a type B disconnector structure comprising a first connecting conductor 1, a second connecting conductor 2, a spring assembly 41 and a solder joint 3 for connecting the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not actuated, the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the horizontal direction, a certain gap is kept between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the welding spot 3 is filled in the gap position of the connecting ends, so that the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connected state. The spring unit 41 is connected to the first connection conductor 1 and retains an elastic force.

When the disconnector D is actuated, the solder 3 melts and cannot completely fill the connection terminal gap position, so that a gap is formed between the connection terminals of the first connection conductor 1 and the second connection conductor 2, and the first connection conductor 1 and the second connection conductor 2 are in a disconnected state.

After the solder point 3 is melted, the spring assembly 41 releases the stored elastic force, and further increases the gap distance between the connection ends of the first and

second connection conductors

1 and 2.

Fig. 7(C) is a class C disconnector structure comprising a first connecting conductor 1, a second connecting conductor 2, a spring member 41, a spring member 42, and a solder joint 3 for connecting the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not actuated, the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the horizontal direction, a certain gap is kept between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the welding spot 3 is filled in the gap position of the connecting ends, so that the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connected state. The spring unit 41 is connected to the first connection conductor 1 and retains an elastic force. The spring member 42 is connected to the second connecting conductor 2 and retains an elastic force.

When the disconnector D is actuated, the solder joint melts and cannot completely fill the connection end gap position, so that a gap is formed between the connection ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a disconnected state.

After the melting of the solder 3, the spring elements 41 and 42 release the stored spring force, further increasing the gap distance between the connection ends of the first and

second connection conductors

1 and 2.

Fig. 7(D) shows a class D disconnector structure comprising a first connecting conductor 1, a second connecting conductor 2, a spring member 43, a spacer 51 and a solder joint 3 for connecting the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not actuated, the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the horizontal direction, a certain gap is kept between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the welding spot 3 is filled in the gap position of the connecting ends, so that the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connected state. The spring assembly 43 is connected to the spacer 51 and retains an elastic force. The spacer 51 is placed in the connection terminal gap between the first and

second connection conductors

1 and 2, but cannot be placed in the connection terminal gap because the solder 3 is not melted.

When the disconnector D is actuated, the solder 3 melts and cannot completely fill the connection terminal gap position, so that a gap is formed between the connection terminals of the first connection conductor 1 and the second connection conductor 2, and the first connection conductor 1 and the second connection conductor 2 are in a disconnected state. After the welding spot 3 is melted, the spring assembly 43 releases the stored elastic force to drive the isolating piece 51 to move, and the isolating piece is arranged between the gap between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, so that the electrical distance between the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 is increased, the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are isolated, and the arc extinguishing effect is achieved.

Fig. 7(E) shows a class E disconnector structure comprising a first connection conductor 1, a second connection conductor 2, a spring member 45, a force-transmitting member 611 and a solder joint 3 for connecting the first connection conductor 1 and the second connection conductor 2. The force transmission piece 61 is used for driving the connecting conductor 1 to move under the action of the spring, so that the size and the direction of the movement force of the first connecting conductor 1 are changed.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not actuated, the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the horizontal direction, a certain gap is kept between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the welding spot 3 is filled in the gap position of the connecting ends, so that the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connected state. The spring assembly 45 is connected to the force transmitting member 61 to retain the spring force. The force-transmitting element 61 is connected to the first connecting conductor 1.

After the welding spot 3 is melted, the spring assembly 45 releases the stored elastic force to drive the force transmission piece 61 to move, so that the first connecting conductor 1 is driven to move, the force magnitude and direction of the first connecting conductor 1 are changed, and the gap distance between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 is further increased.

Fig. 7(F) shows a class F disconnector structure, comprising a first connecting conductor 1, a second connecting conductor 2 and a solder joint 3 for connecting the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not in operation, the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the vertical direction, the connection ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 maintain a certain gap, and the solder 3 is filled in the gap position of the connection ends, at this time, the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connection state.

Fig. 7(G) shows a class G disconnector structure, comprising a first connecting conductor 1, a second connecting conductor 2, a spring assembly 41 and a solder joint 3 for connecting the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not actuated, the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the vertical direction, a certain gap is kept between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the welding spot 3 is filled in the gap position of the connecting ends, so that the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connected state. The spring unit 41 is connected to the first connection conductor 1 and retains an elastic force.

When the disconnector D acts, the welding spot is melted, the gap position of the connecting ends cannot be completely filled, so that a gap is generated between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a disconnected state; after the solder point 3 is melted, the spring assembly 41 releases the stored elastic force, and further increases the gap distance between the connection ends of the first and

second connection conductors

1 and 2.

Fig. 7(H) is a class H disconnector structure comprising a first connecting conductor 1, a second connecting conductor 2, a spring assembly 41, a spring assembly 42 and a solder joint 3 for connecting the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not actuated, the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the vertical direction, a certain gap is kept between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the welding spot 3 is filled in the gap position of the connecting ends, so that the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connected state. The spring unit 41 is connected to the first connection conductor 1 and retains an elastic force. The spring member 42 is connected to the second connecting conductor 2 and retains an elastic force.

When the disconnector D acts, the welding spot 3 is melted and can not completely fill the gap position of the connecting ends, so that a gap is generated between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a disconnected state; after the melting of the solder 3, the spring elements 41 and 42 release the stored spring force, further increasing the gap distance between the connection ends of the first and

second connection conductors

1 and 2.

Fig. 7(I) shows a type I disconnector structure comprising a first connecting conductor 1, a second connecting conductor 2, a spring assembly 44, a spacer 52 and a solder joint 3 for connecting the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not actuated, the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the vertical direction, a certain gap is kept between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the welding spot 3 is filled in the gap position of the connecting ends, so that the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connected state. The spring assembly 44 is connected to the spacer 52 and retains the spring force. The spacer 52 is placed in the connection terminal gap position of the first and

second connection conductors

After the welding spot 3 is melted, the spring assembly 44 releases the stored elastic force to drive the spacer 52 to move and place the spacer between the gap between the connection ends of the first connection conductor 1 and the second connection conductor 2, so that the electrical distance between the first connection conductor 1 and the second connection conductor 2 is increased, and the arc extinguishing function is achieved.

Fig. 7(J) shows a class J disconnector structure comprising a first connecting conductor 1, a second connecting conductor 2, a spring assembly 45, a force-transmitting member 61 and a solder joint 3 for connecting the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2.

The first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are terminals to which the disconnector D is connected to an external device. When the disconnector D is not actuated, the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in the same plane in the vertical direction, a certain gap is kept between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and the welding spot 3 is filled in the gap position of the connecting ends, so that the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a connected state. The spring assembly 45 is connected to the force transmitting member 61 to retain the spring force. The force-transmitting element 61 is connected to the first connecting conductor 1.

In particular, the spacers 51 and 52 are both insulating materials, and can be made of cardboard, plastic, rubber, mica, polytetrafluoroethylene, and have a cylindrical or sheet shape; the force transmission piece 61 is made of a conductive material or an insulating material, preferably an insulating material, the insulating material can be made of cardboard, plastic, rubber, mica and polytetrafluoroethylene, and the shape of the insulating material is columnar or flaky;

the solder joint 3 can be a tin-lead alloy solder wire, a pure tin solder wire, a tin-copper alloy solder wire, a tin-silver-copper alloy solder wire, a tin-bismuth alloy solder wire, a tin-nickel alloy solder wire and a coagulator formed by heating and melting a special tin alloy material solder wire, the solder can be composed of tin alloy and an auxiliary agent, the melting temperature threshold of the solder joint 3 is 60-500 ℃, preferably, the melting temperature threshold of the solder joint 3 is 90-200 ℃, and the shape of the solder joint can be one of a circle, a diamond, a rectangle, a square, a triangle, an ellipse, a waist or a polygon, wherein the length of the square solder joint is 1-12 mm, preferably 3-6 mm, and the width of the square solder joint is 1-12 mm, preferably 3-6 mm; the first and second connecting

conductors

1 and 2 in the disconnector D preferably have a long sectional shape. The length can be 1 mm-30 mm, preferably 5 mm-15 mm, and the width is 1 mm-10 mm, preferably 3 mm-8 mm;

the spring assembly 41, the spring assembly 42, the spring assembly 43, the spring assembly 44 and the spring assembly 45 in the detacher D may be one of a compression spring, an extension spring, a torsion spring, a belleville spring, a spiral spring or a plate spring, and the outer diameter thereof may be 1mm to 10mm, preferably 1.5mm to 3mm, the length of the spring assembly is 1mm to 30mm, preferably 8mm to 20mm, and the spring tension is 0.5N to 20N, preferably 1N to 5N.

In the case of the example 1, the following examples are given,

in this embodiment, a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector circuit structure is shown in fig. 2, and includes two external terminals, L (phase line) terminal and N (neutral line) terminal, for connecting to a line (electronic device) to be protected;

the 8 discharge gaps are spark gaps G1-G8, specifically, the 8 spark gaps G1-G8 are sequentially connected in series between an N (neutral line) terminal and a protection device;

the 7 trigger circuits Z1-Z7 are all resistor-capacitor circuits formed by connecting a resistor and a capacitor in parallel. Specifically, the 1 st trigger circuit Z1 is formed by connecting C1 and R1 in parallel, one end of the 1 st trigger circuit is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G1 and G2, the 2 nd trigger circuit is formed by connecting C2 and R2 in parallel, one end of the 2 nd trigger circuit is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G2 and G3, … …, and so on, the 6 th trigger circuit Z6 is formed by connecting C6 and R6 in parallel, one end of the 6 th trigger circuit Z6 is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G6 and G7, the 7 th trigger circuit Z7 is formed by connecting C7 and R7 in parallel, one end of the 7 th trigger circuit Z1-Z7 is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G7 and G8, and the second ends of the 7 trigger circuits Z1-Z7 are connected with the N;

the protection device is a disconnector D, which can be any one of the circuits shown in FIG. 7. specifically, one end of the disconnector D is connected with the electrode 1 of the first spark gap G1, and the other end is connected with a L (phase line) terminal for disconnecting the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector from the protected line;

during normal operation, when surge occurs in a circuit between L lines and N lines, the 7 trigger circuits Z1-Z7 respectively trigger the spark gaps G1-G7 to operate, so that the spark gaps G1-G7 are all conducted, surge voltage is applied to two ends of the spark gap G8 to enable the spark gap G8 to be conducted, the spark gaps G1-G8 are all low-resistance, and finally an overvoltage relief circuit is formed, so that the surge among the lines L-N is limited within a voltage range which can be borne by a protected line (electronic equipment), and the protected line (electronic equipment) connected between the line L and the N line is protected;

when the elements in the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector are degraded or the voltage is overloaded, the spark gap can present a low resistance state (circuit short circuit when serious), the spark gap generates heat, the heat is transferred to the disconnector D, meanwhile, the current flows through the welding spot 3 in the disconnector D, the welding spot 3 generates heat when the current flows, when the temperature of the welding spot 3 exceeds the melting point, the welding spot 3 is heated and melted or evaporated, the gap position of the connecting end of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 can not be completely filled, so that a gap is generated between the connecting end of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, at the moment, the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a disconnected state, and the electric energy of a protected line can not continuously flow through the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector any more, and the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector is protected, the protected line can operate normally.

In each of the following examples 2, 3 and 4, a remote signaling alarm circuit a is added for outputting status information of the surge protector. The status indication components are added in the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4, wherein the status indication component in the embodiment 3 is a window indication assembly, and the status indication component in the embodiment 4 is an indication circuit.

Wherein the remote signaling alarm circuit a may be any one of the circuits shown in fig. 10. Specifically, fig. 10(a) shows a normally closed switch K1 (having two output terminals a1 and a2 connected to the subscriber line), fig. 10(b) shows a normally open switch K2 (having two output terminals a1 and a2 connected to the subscriber line), fig. 10(c) shows a break before make switch K3 (having three output terminals a1, a2 and A3 connected to the subscriber line), and fig. 10(d) shows an intermediate break switch K4 (having three output terminals a1, a2 and A3 connected to the subscriber line), where the parameters of the remote signaling alarm circuit a are: the alternating voltage is 5V-380V, and the alternating current is 2 mA-10A; the direct current voltage is 5V-100V, and the direct current is 2 mA-10A. Preferably 24V-250V of alternating voltage and 10 mA-0.5A of alternating current; the direct current voltage is 24V-60V, and the direct current is 10 mA-2A.

Example 2:

in this embodiment, a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector circuit structure is shown in fig. 3, and includes two external terminals, L (phase line) terminal and N (neutral line) terminal, for connecting to a line (electronic device) to be protected;

the protection device is a disconnector D, which can be specifically any one of the circuits shown in fig. 7, specifically, one end of the disconnector D is connected with the electrode 1 of the first spark gap G1, and the other end is connected with a L (phase line) terminal for disconnecting the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector from the protected line;

the remote signaling alarm circuit A is a normally closed switch K1, and the output ends A1 and A2 of the remote signaling alarm circuit A are both connected with the user circuit.

when the elements in the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector are deteriorated or the voltage is overloaded, the spark gap may be caused to assume a low resistance state (circuit short circuit is serious), the spark gap is heated, the heat is transferred to the detacher D, and simultaneously, the current flows through the welding point 3 in the detacher D, the welding point 3 generates the heat, when the temperature of the welding spot 3 exceeds the melting point, the welding spot 3 is heated to melt or evaporate, and can not completely fill the gap position between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, so that a gap is generated between the connecting ends of the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2, and at the moment, the first connecting conductor 1 and the second connecting conductor 2 are in a disconnected state, therefore, the electric energy of the protected line does not continuously flow through the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector any more, the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector is protected, and the protected line can normally run.

Meanwhile, the welding point 3 drives the mechanical device on the disconnector D to be linked in the action process, wherein the mechanical device is a force rod (which can be one of structures for transmitting force, increasing force or reducing force in equal proportion), the force rod can be installed on the first connecting conductor 1 or the second connecting conductor 2 or a spring assembly or a force transmission piece in the disconnector D, mechanical force is output to a switch moving piece in the normally closed switch K1, the switch moving piece moves to enable the normally closed switch K1 to be changed from a normally closed state to an open state, and state information is output to a user circuit, so that a user can know the state of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector or/and a protection device (disconnector D) from a remote signaling signal.

In the case of the example 3, the following examples are given,

in this embodiment, a high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector circuit structure is shown in fig. 4, and includes two external terminals, L (phase line) terminal and N (neutral line) terminal, for connecting to a line (electronic device) to be protected;

the 8 discharge gaps are spark gaps G1-G8, and specifically, the 8 spark gaps G1-G8 are sequentially connected in series between a L (phase line) terminal and a protection device;

the 7 trigger circuits Z1-Z7 are identical in structure and are all resistor-capacitor units, and the resistor-capacitor units are formed by connecting resistors and capacitors in parallel. The 1 st trigger circuit Z1 is formed by connecting C1 and R1 in parallel, its one end is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G1, G2, the 2 nd trigger circuit is formed by connecting C2 and R2 in parallel, its one end is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G2, G3, … …, and so on, the 6 th trigger circuit Z6 is formed by connecting C6 and R6 in parallel, its one end is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G6, G7, the 7 th trigger circuit Z7 is formed by connecting C7 and R7 in parallel, its one end is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G7, G8, the second ends of the above-mentioned 7 trigger circuits Z1-Z7 are connected with the electrode 2 of the 8 th spark gap G8 after being connected in parallel;

the protection device is a disconnector D, and may be specifically any one of the circuits shown in fig. 7. Specifically, the disconnector D has one end connected to the electrode 2 of the 8 th spark gap G8 and the other end connected to an N (neutral) terminal for disconnecting the high-safety multilayer gap surge protector from the protected line;

the remote signaling alarm circuit A is a normally open switch K2, and the output ends A1 and A2 of the remote signaling alarm circuit A are both connected with a user circuit or a window indicating component.

The window indicating assembly is of a mechanical structure and comprises an upper layer and a lower layer which are provided with color indicating plates and force transferring devices, wherein the upper layer is a green indicating plate, the lower layer is a red indicating plate, and the force transferring devices are connected with a mechanical linkage device on the disconnector D.

When surge occurs in the circuit between L lines and N lines, the 7 trigger circuits Z1-Z7 respectively trigger the spark gaps G1-G7 to act, so that the spark gaps G1-G7 are all conducted, and then surge voltage is applied to two ends of the spark gap G8 to enable the spark gap G8 to be conducted, so that the spark gaps G1-G8 are all low-resistance, and finally an overvoltage relief circuit is formed, so that the surge running between the lines L-N is limited within the voltage range which can be borne by a protected line (electronic equipment), and the protection of the protected line (electronic equipment) connected between the L line and the N line is realized;

Meanwhile, the welding point 3 drives a mechanical device on the disconnector D to be linked in the action process, wherein the mechanical device may be a force rod (which may be one of structures for transmitting force, increasing force or reducing force in equal proportion), the force rod may be installed on the first connecting conductor 1 or the second connecting conductor 2 or a spring component or a force transmission member in the disconnector D, and outputs a mechanical force to a switch moving piece in the normally open switch K2, the switch moving piece changes the normally open switch K2 from a normally open state to a closed state, and outputs state information to a user circuit or a window indicating component, and the force rod drives a green indicating plate in the window indicating component to displace, so that the window indicating component displays a lower red indicating plate, indicating that the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector is in a failure state.

Obviously, the working state of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector provided by the invention can be indicated through the color of the window indicating component, wherein the normal state can comprise the normal working state of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector and the state that a protection device is not separated; the failure state can comprise a disengagement state of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector protection device, a failure state of the protection device or a fault state of the protection device.

In the case of the example 4, the following examples are given,

in this embodiment, the high-safety multilayer gap surge protector circuit structure is shown in fig. 5, and includes two external terminals, L (phase line) terminal and N (neutral line) terminal, for connecting to the line (electronic device) to be protected;

the 8 discharge gaps are spark gaps G1-G8, specifically, the 8 spark gaps G1-G8 are sequentially connected in series between the protection device and the N (neutral line) terminal;

the 7 trigger circuits Z1-Z7 are all resistor-capacitor circuits formed by connecting a resistor and a capacitor in parallel. The 1 st trigger circuit Z1 is formed by connecting C1 and R1 in parallel, one end of the 1 st trigger circuit is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G1 and G2, the 2 nd trigger circuit is formed by connecting C2 and R2 in parallel, one end of the 2 nd trigger circuit is connected with the common ends of the spark gaps G2 and G3, … …, and so on, the 6 th trigger circuit Z6 is formed by connecting C6 and R6 in parallel, one end of the 6 th trigger circuit Z6 is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G6 and G7, the 7 th trigger circuit Z7 is formed by connecting C7 and R7 in parallel, one end of the 7 th trigger circuit Z1-Z7 is connected with the common end of the spark gaps G7 and G8, and the second ends of the 7 trigger circuits Z1-Z7 are connected with an;

the protection device is a disconnector D, which can be any one of the circuits shown in FIG. 7. specifically, one end of the disconnector D is connected to the electrode 1 of the No. 1 spark gap G1, and the other end is connected to a L (neutral line) terminal for disconnecting the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector from the protected line;

the remote signaling alarm circuit A is a normally open switch K2, and the output ends A1 and A2 of the remote signaling alarm circuit A are both connected with a user circuit;

the indicating circuit comprises a fuse FU11, a voltage reduction capacitor C101, a discharge resistor R101, a current limiting resistor R111, a rectifying diode VD1, a protection diode VD2, a light emitting diode V L and a current limiting inductor L, wherein the discharge resistor R101 and the voltage reduction capacitor C101 are connected in parallel to form an RC circuit, one end of the RC circuit is connected with one end of the fuse FU11, the other end of the fuse FU11 is connected with an electrode 1 of a1 st spark gap G1, the other end of the RC circuit is connected with one end of the current limiting resistor R111, the other end of the current limiting resistor R111 is connected with a cathode of the protection diode VD2 and an anode of the rectifying diode VD1, a cathode of the rectifying diode VD1 is connected with an anode of the light emitting diode V L, a cathode of the light emitting diode V L is connected with an anode of the protection diode VD2 and is connected with one end of the current limiting inductor L, and the other end of.

When the circuit works normally, the indicating circuit is communicated with the conductive light emitting diode V L1 to light, and simultaneously, when the circuit between the L line and the N line has surge, the 7 trigger circuits Z1 to Z7 respectively trigger the spark gaps G1 to G7 to act, so that the spark gaps G1 to G7 are all conducted, and then surge voltage is applied to two ends of the spark gap G8 to conduct the spark gap G8, so that the spark gaps G1 to G8 are all low-resistance, and finally an overvoltage relief circuit is formed, so that the surge between the L-N line is limited in a voltage range which can be borne by a protected line (electronic equipment), and the protection of the protected line (electronic equipment) connected between the L line and the N line is realized;

when the element in the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector is degraded or the voltage is overloaded, the spark gap can present a low-resistance state (circuit short circuit when serious), the spark gap generates heat, the heat is transferred to the disconnector D, meanwhile, the current flows through the welding spot 3 in the disconnector D, the welding spot 3 generates heat, when the temperature of the welding spot 3 exceeds the melting point of the welding spot, the welding spot 3 is heated and melted or evaporated, the connection of the whole discharge gap and the L terminal is disconnected, so that the electric energy of the protected line does not continuously flow through the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector, the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector is also protected, the protected line can normally operate, and after the connection of the whole discharge gap and the L terminal is disconnected, the indicating circuit disconnects the light emitting diode V L1 to extinguish.

Obviously, the working state of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector provided by the invention is indicated by the change of the light emitting diode V L1 of the indicating circuit.

Meanwhile, the welding point 3 drives the mechanical device on the disconnector D to be linked in the action process, wherein the mechanical device may be a force rod (which may be one of structures for transmitting force, increasing force or reducing force in equal proportion), the force rod may be installed on the first connecting conductor 1 or the second connecting conductor 2 or a spring assembly or a force transmission rod in the disconnector D, and outputs mechanical force to a switch moving plate in the normally-open switch K2, and the movement of the switch moving plate changes the normally-open switch K2 from a normally-open state to a closed state, and outputs state information to a user circuit, so that a user can know the state of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector or/and a protection device (disconnector D) from a remote signaling signal.

From the above description, it can be seen that the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector provided by the present invention has a large temperature range, is reliable in operation, and thus has wider applicability.

The above is a detailed description of the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector provided by the present invention. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are set forth only to help understand the method and its core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector device comprising: a first terminal, a second terminal; n discharge gaps sequentially connected in series between the first terminal and the second terminal; the first end of each trigger circuit in the n-1 trigger circuits is respectively connected with the common end among the n corresponding discharge gaps, and the second end of each trigger circuit in the n-1 trigger circuits is connected with the second terminal; the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector is characterized by further comprising a protection device for disconnecting the high-safety multilayer gap type surge protector from a protected line; the protection device is a disconnector, the disconnector comprises a first connecting conductor, a second connecting conductor, a welding point for connecting the first connecting conductor and the second connecting conductor, an isolating piece and a spring assembly, the first connecting conductor and the second connecting conductor are terminals of the disconnector for connecting an external device, the spring assembly is connected with the isolating piece, the spring assembly stores elasticity, and the isolating piece is arranged in a gap position between connecting ends of the first connecting conductor and the second connecting conductor.

2. The high safety multilayer gap type surge protector device according to claim 1, wherein said protection device further comprises a fuse.

3. The high-safety multilayer gap-type surge protector device of claim 1, wherein the spacer is an insulating material.

4. The high safety multilayer gap type surge protector device according to claim 1, wherein the detacher further comprises a force transmitting member.

5. The high-safety multilayer gap-type surge protector device of claim 1, wherein the melting temperature threshold of the solder joint is 90 ℃ to 200 ℃.

6. The surge protector device of claim 1, wherein the spring assembly has a spring force of 1N to 5N.

7. The high safety multilayer gap type surge arrester of claim 1, wherein the discharge gap is at least one of a spark gap, a double spark gap, a gas discharge tube, and a symmetrical gas discharge tube.

8. The surge arrester of claim 1 wherein the trigger circuit is at least one of a capacitor, a resistor, a capacitor, a varistor, a thermistor, a transient diode, or a gas discharge tube, the capacitor comprising a resistor in parallel with a capacitor.

9. The surge protector device of claim 1, further comprising a remote signaling alarm circuit for outputting status information of the surge protector device.

10. The surge protector device of claim 1, further comprising a status indicating means for indicating the status of the surge protector device.