CN1467895A - Spark discharging equipment bearing lightning current - Google Patents
Spark discharging equipment bearing lightning current Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1467895A CN1467895A CNA031061613A CN03106161A CN1467895A CN 1467895 A CN1467895 A CN 1467895A CN A031061613 A CNA031061613 A CN A031061613A CN 03106161 A CN03106161 A CN 03106161A CN 1467895 A CN1467895 A CN 1467895A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- discharge device
- spark discharge
- sparkle
- distributing electric
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
- H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series
Landscapes
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
- Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
A lightning conductive spark gap comprises a series of spark gaps (FS1-FSN) switched by impedances (C2-CN) giving successive through switching. The second and subsequent gaps are brought directly to a reference potential, reducing the voltage and at least one electrode has a switching trigger potential.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to have the spark discharge device of the bearing lightning current of a plurality of series connection spark discharge devices, wherein this spark discharge device comprises n sparkle-distributing electric discharge device, its arc ignition voltage is because the series circuit of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device reaches the n of the arc ignition voltage of a sparkle-distributing electric discharge device doubly is worth, wherein except spending electric discharge device by the reactance wiring at the spark discharge device outer fire seperating that first response under the lightning current situation takes place, so these sparkle-distributing electric discharge devices are progressively connected, wherein second and other spark discharge device directly place on the common reference current potential through reactance, place especially on the empty electrode of conduct with reference to the last spark discharge device of electrode, mainly form reactance in addition by electric capacity.
Background technology
So spark discharge device is disclosed among DE 197 42 302 A1 and DE 197 55 082A1.
Lightning arrester like this with many times of spark discharge devices proves effectively in practice, draws several shortcomings when using.
Operation voltage cannot be adjusted arbitrarily smallly in many times of spark discharge devices.Reason is progressively to light the arcing distance of the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device of each sparkle-distributing electric discharge devices of many times of spark discharge devices and many times of spark discharge devices of downward limited adjustment.There is the voltage gradient (being also referred to as the pulse characteristic curve) of voltage in the operation voltage discharge delay that depends on the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device by many times of spark discharge devices conditionally in addition.
Summary of the invention
With existing technology status is that starting point the present invention is based on this task, so improves the lightning arrester of hierarchical form, promptly reduces operation voltage.
Provide this solution in the claims.
Accompanying drawing is described
In Fig. 2 to 13, pointed out embodiments of the invention and below elaborate.
In Fig. 1, pointed out spark discharge device according to existing technology status.
Embodiment
Circuit that point out in Fig. 1, the existing technology status of basis has many times of spark discharge devices, and it has the spark discharge device FS1 to FSN of a plurality of series connection.Spend electric discharge device by reactance C2 to CN wiring except the spark discharge device FS1 outer fire seperating of first response under the situation that lightning current takes place, so progressively connect the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device.Second is passed through reactance with other spark discharge device and directly places a public reference potential B to go up, for example place on the empty electrode of conduct with reference to the last spark discharge device FSN of electrode.Mainly by the form formation reactance C2 to CN of electric capacity with capacitor.Stipulate that also a shunt capacitance CP1 to CPN is parallel to each spark discharge device.The natural capacity that in shunt capacitance, relates to each spark discharge device.Show that at the A place sparkover load is connected on a conductor of power supply network or the conductor that this class must be protected.If so spark discharge device is connected on the mixture generator for the analog response characteristic, it is generally used for examining the performance of lightning arrester, then produces following sight.Mixture generator provides 1.2/50 μ s lightning impulse voltage and the impulse current of 8/20 μ s form is provided when connecting spark discharge device when zero load.When being connected on the spark discharge device, mixed generator shows that the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device of many times of spark discharge devices progressively moves.After lighting all sparkle-distributing electric discharge devices of many times of spark discharge devices fully, load onto appearance by the anode drop of all sparkle-distributing electric discharge devices of many times of sparkover dresses and the voltage drop that cathode fall forms many times of sparkovers.Flow through many times of spark discharge devices and determine that by electric capacity control this electric current flows through of electric current when for the first time lighting first sparkle-distributing electric discharge device, have been begun.Begin real impulse current to light whole many times of spark discharge devices.Can be reduced to following boundary to the operation voltage of many times of spark discharge devices by the less arcing distance of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device, draw this boundary by the tolerance when producing.This is noticed that lightning arrester is in supply voltage all the time and therefore must designs a lightning arrester for the corresponding test alternating voltage of predesignating as additional conditions on the installation site.
The present invention advises that a new approach is used to reduce operation voltage.Core of the present invention is, connects at least one of many times of spark discharge devices, mainly is all sparkle-distributing electric discharge devices by apply a trigger voltage on the electrode of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device.Almost adjustable arbitrarily small by corresponding trigger action voltage, this function for many times of spark discharge devices is very useful.
In claim 2 to 13, partly provided based on solution arranged side by side according to the principle of claim 1.
Pointed out that in Fig. 2 of the present invention first realizes.This is produced trigger voltage by means of an auxiliary spark discharge device that is parallel to many times of spark discharge devices, and its operation voltage is less than the operation voltage of the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device of many times of spark discharge devices and have flat pulse characteristic curve.In according to the circuit theory of Fig. 2, pass through auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 and process by resistance W
1To W
NThe passive network that forms connects sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN and realizes trigger action.If so comparing analog feature with many times of spark discharge devices that on mixture generator, do not trigger in the circuit arrangement, determine that then auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 is adjusted to well below the operation voltage of the operation voltage of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN., then can use the spark discharge device of filling known inert gas, it is characterized in that 700 volts low lightning induction surge voltage and level and smooth pulse characteristic curve because auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 needn't guide lightning current.Potential pulse is through current-limiting resistance W after lighting auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1
1To W
NOn on the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN that arrive to connect simultaneously.Between voltage termination, there are two sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS all the time.On last sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FSN, it is connected on reference potential or the earth potential, have potential pulse equally.Control capacitance C2 to CN is through current-limiting resistance W
1To W
NCharging.Voltage little by little slowly rises thus.Become suitable especially according to the pulse characteristic curve lighting characteristic of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN thus in addition, this shows with lower operation voltage.Also discern this effect thus, promptly caused the big duration of ignition of many times of spark discharge devices thus.Can so adjust current-limiting resistance, promptly lightning current is not flowed through and is assisted spark discharge device HFS1, but flows through all sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN of many times of spark discharge devices.
In Fig. 3, insert a variable resistor or a plurality of variable resistor V by adding
1, V
2Replenish circuit according to Fig. 2.A plurality of variable resistance circuits in series connection are reduced in variable-resistance available capacity in the series circuit and therefore under the situation of alternating voltage, particularly under the situation of experiment alternating voltage voltage distribution is produced beneficial effect.
In Fig. 4, pointed out the variant of a related circuit.This is used a threshold switch, mainly uses a Schmitt trigger, and it connects switching transistor T under the situation of the magnitude of voltage of freely selecting.Also can connect the voltage that is lower than the about 700 volts boundaries that in filling the spark discharge device of inert gas, provide thus and avoid the detrimental effect of pulse characteristic curve of the spark discharge device of filling inert gas.Be similar to according to the form of implementation of Fig. 2 and 3 and also predesignate current-limiting resistance and control capacitance once again at this.
In Fig. 5, pointed out an improvement of this circuit,, inserted a plurality of variable resistor V once again wherein as what in Fig. 5, see
1, V
2A plurality of variable-resistance application are reduced in variable-resistance available capacity in the series circuit and therefore under the situation of alternating voltage, particularly under the situation of experiment alternating voltage voltage distribution is produced beneficial effect in series circuit.
The therefore passive network realization trigger action of layout of passing threshold switch SW and switching transistor T in according to the form of implementation of Figure 4 and 5 through forming by resistance (current-limiting resistance).
In the embodiment that this is described, be connected sparkle-distributing electric discharge device realization trigger action with the passive network that process is formed by resistance (current-limiting resistance) by auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 with pulse transformer TRA in Fig. 6.
In Fig. 6, pointed out a circuit, set forth the effect of this auxiliary spark discharge device by means of embodiment according to Fig. 2 with auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1.To connect with the transformer TRA that produces the high voltage pulse sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN of many times of spark discharge devices of triggering of this auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1.The series resistance of (upper right quarter in the drawings) is used for current limliting and therefore is used to protect transformer in the elementary winding branch road of transformer TRA.The secondary voltage of secondary winding (upper left quarter winding in the drawings) places on the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN of many times of spark discharge devices with the same manner of describing in the additional embodiments that coexists.So connect transformer TRA, i.e. polarity inversion.This shows, under the situation of lighting auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 at positive voltage, on the secondary side output terminal of transformer TRA, exist one to compare negative voltage with reference potential or earth potential, its tackle mutually many times of spark discharge devices the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device light the generation beneficial effect.
In Fig. 7 with improvement pointed out by having a plurality of pulse transformer TR1 to TRN auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 and through by resistance W
1To W
NThe passive network that (current-limiting resistance) forms has been pointed out trigger action with being connected of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN.This transformer TA1 to TRN except first sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 is arranged on each sparkle-distributing electric discharge device of many times of spark discharge devices.At this also is so to connect transformer TR1 to TRN, be polarity inversion, that is to say under the situation of lighting auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 at positive voltage, on the secondary side output terminal of transformer TR1 to TRN, to exist one to compare negative voltage with reference potential or earth potential.Between the network of auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 and transformer TR1 to TN, also insert a current-limiting resistance.
In Fig. 8, pointed out the circuit arrangement of another possibility.Realize trigger action by the passive network that resistance (current-limiting resistance) forms with being connected of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN with process with HFS2 by auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 at this with the generation of shake pulse voltage.
Pointed out to have the related circuit of two auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1 and HFS2 in Fig. 8, auxiliary spark discharge device is used to produce the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN that the higher voltage pulse is used to trigger many times of spark discharge devices.The current/voltage that exists on many times of spark discharge devices is at first lighted auxiliary spark discharge device HFS1, and it is to capacitor C
SCharging is up to the ignition voltage that reaches auxiliary spark discharge device HFS2.The capacitor C of lighting auxiliary spark discharge device HFS2 in this case and having charged
SCoil through inductance L is connected capacitor C
BOn, on this electric capacity such as capacitor C occurring
SDouble voltage.Improved firing characteristic based on higher trigger voltage with for example comparing thus according to the circuit of Fig. 2.
At the whole capacitor C of this oscillating circuit
SBe approximately capacitor C
B10 times of capacitance.
In according to the circuit arrangement of Fig. 9, can abandon second auxiliary spark discharge device and capacitor C
S
A Schmitt trigger also can be used as threshold switch in according to the circuit of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, it connects switching transistor under the situation of freely selecting magnitude of voltage, can connect the voltage that is lower than the about 700 volts boundaries that provide in filling the spark discharge device of inert gas thus and avoid the detrimental effect of pulse characteristic curve of the spark discharge device of filling inert gas.
Be similar to the layout of predesignating transformer TR1 to TRN according to the circuit of Fig. 7 according to Figure 10, wherein trigger voltage places respectively on such metal electrode, and it is in the insulation inside between the electrode of each sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN of many times of spark discharge devices.Pointed out the example of similar circuits for triggering in Figure 11, this circuit is through resistance W
1To W
NBe connected on such metal electrode, it is in the insulation inside between the electrode of each sparkle-distributing electric discharge device FS1 to FSN of many times of spark discharge devices.
In Figure 12 and 13, pointed out to have the structure of the spark discharge device like this of metal trigger electrode.Two electrodes representing spark discharge device FS with E1 and E2.Between these two electrodes, arrange an insulation I, at this insulation internal placement metal trigger electrode T.On this trigger electrode, can apply relative trigger voltage.Electrode E1 and E2 are circular panels in an embodiment, and insulation I is the annular solid that is formed by insulating material, and metal trigger electrode T is a metal ring part equally.
Explained the present invention according to embodiment, wherein embodiment does not show restriction.Note about pattern description in an embodiment, arrange it is clearly with the related circuit of the description of picture, so the further elaboration of circuit is unnecessary.
The present invention is regardless of and is limited to embodiment, but various variation in whole scope of disclosure.
All are new, describe and/or figure in disclosed single and assemblage characteristic regard principal character of the present invention as.
Claims (14)
1. the spark discharge device that has the bearing lightning current of a plurality of series connection spark discharge devices, wherein this spark discharge device comprises n sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FS), its arc ignition voltage is because the series circuit of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FS) reaches the n of the arc ignition voltage of a sparkle-distributing electric discharge device doubly is worth, wherein except the spark discharge device (FS1) of first response under the lightning current situation takes place, sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FS) is by reactance (C2-CN) wiring, so these sparkle-distributing electric discharge devices are progressively connected, wherein second and other spark discharge device (FS2-FSN) directly place on the common reference electrode through reactance, place especially on the empty electrode of conduct with reference to the last spark discharge device (FSN) of electrode, wherein mainly form reactance (C2-CN) in addition by electric capacity, it is characterized in that, a trigger voltage puts on the electrode of one of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FS1-FSN) at least, connects the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device by means of this trigger voltage.
2. according to the spark discharge device of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be parallel to many times of spark discharge devices in order to produce an auxiliary spark discharge device of trigger voltage (HFS1), its operation voltage advantageously has a flat pulse characteristic curve less than the operation voltage of the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FS) of many times of spark discharge devices and its.
3. according to the spark discharge device of claim 1, it is characterized in that having the threshold switch (SW) of switching transistor (T), particularly Schmitt trigger, be parallel to many times of spark discharge devices in order to produce one of trigger voltage.
4. according to the spark discharge device of claim 3, it is characterized in that, can adjust and connect the operation voltage of voltage, and not have the pulse characteristic curve less than the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device of many times of spark discharge devices.
5. according to the spark discharge device of claim 2, it is characterized in that a transformer (TRA) is series at auxiliary spark discharge device (HFS1).
6. according to the spark discharge device of claim 2, it is characterized in that, a plurality of transformers (TR1-TN) are series at auxiliary spark discharge device (HFS1), and wherein each sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FS2-FSN) of many times of spark discharge devices all is parallel to a transformer (TR1-TRN) except first sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FS1).
7. according to the spark discharge device of claim 2, it is characterized in that having two electric capacity (C
S, C
B) and a coil (L), the oscillating circuit that is used to produce the surge voltage of shake be series at auxiliary spark discharge device (HFS1), wherein second auxiliary spark discharge device (HFS2) is series at coil (L) in oscillating circuit.
8. according to the spark discharge device of claim 2, it is characterized in that having a coil (L) and an electric capacity (C
B), the oscillating circuit that is used to produce the shake surge voltage is series at auxiliary spark discharge device (HFS1).
9. according to the spark discharge device of one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that trigger voltage is through current-limiting resistance (W
1-W
N) place on the electrode of sparkle-distributing electric discharge device.
10. according to the spark discharge device of one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FS) comprises two electrodes (E1, E2) and is arranged in ring, that formed by insulating material (I) therebetween, wherein insert main annular and the particularly trigger electrode of metal (T) in insulating material (I), trigger voltage places on this electrode.
11. the spark discharge device according to one of claim 1 to 10 is characterized in that, has two sparkle-distributing electric discharge devices (FS) respectively between tie point sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FS1-FSN), that trigger voltage is placed on it.
12. the spark discharge device according to claim 11 is characterized in that, trigger voltage places on the sparkle-distributing electric discharge device (FSN) last, that be connected in earth potential or reference potential.
13. the spark discharge device according to one of claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that, at least one variable resistor (V
1, V
2) be series at the element that produces trigger voltage.
14. the spark discharge device according to claim 13 is characterized in that, two variable resistor (V
1, V
2) series connection.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10230827A DE10230827A1 (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-07-09 | Spark gap capable of carrying lightning current |
| DE10230827.6 | 2002-07-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1467895A true CN1467895A (en) | 2004-01-14 |
Family
ID=29723803
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA031061613A Pending CN1467895A (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2003-02-19 | Spark discharging equipment bearing lightning current |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1381127B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1467895A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE503290T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10230827A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2358790T3 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI1381127T1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102222897A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-10-19 | 中国电力科学研究院 | High-reliability controllable multiple spark discharge gap |
| CN101213713B (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2012-01-25 | 阿尔斯通电网有限公司 | Method and arrangement for triggering a series spark gap |
| CN101227088B (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2012-03-28 | 上海电科电器科技有限公司 | Multi spot spark triggering surge protector |
| CN102545196A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 杨国华 | Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device |
| CN102986107A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2013-03-20 | 深圳市盾牌防雷技术有限公司 | Surge protection device using metal oxide varistors (MOVs) as the active energy control multiple gap discharging chain |
| US10749316B2 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2020-08-18 | Epcos Ag | Multiple spark-gap arrester |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008049471A1 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2009-11-12 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Spark gap arrangement for higher rated voltages |
| DE102008064794B3 (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2017-03-02 | DEHN + SÖHNE GmbH + Co. KG. | Spark gap arrangement for higher rated voltages |
| DE202013102647U1 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-26 | Obo Bettermann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multiple spark gap |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2364034C3 (en) * | 1973-12-21 | 1985-08-22 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Surge arresters |
| DE19742302A1 (en) | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-08 | Bettermann Obo Gmbh & Co Kg | Spark gap capable of carrying lightning current |
-
2002
- 2002-07-09 DE DE10230827A patent/DE10230827A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-01-29 ES ES03001847T patent/ES2358790T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-29 EP EP03001847A patent/EP1381127B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-29 AT AT03001847T patent/ATE503290T1/en active
- 2003-01-29 DE DE50313559T patent/DE50313559D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-29 SI SI200331991T patent/SI1381127T1/en unknown
- 2003-02-19 CN CNA031061613A patent/CN1467895A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101213713B (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2012-01-25 | 阿尔斯通电网有限公司 | Method and arrangement for triggering a series spark gap |
| CN101227088B (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2012-03-28 | 上海电科电器科技有限公司 | Multi spot spark triggering surge protector |
| CN102986107A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2013-03-20 | 深圳市盾牌防雷技术有限公司 | Surge protection device using metal oxide varistors (MOVs) as the active energy control multiple gap discharging chain |
| CN102986107B (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2016-06-01 | 深圳市盾牌防雷技术有限公司 | Surge protective device |
| CN102222897A (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2011-10-19 | 中国电力科学研究院 | High-reliability controllable multiple spark discharge gap |
| CN102222897B (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2014-08-27 | 中国电力科学研究院 | High-reliability controllable multiple spark discharge gap |
| CN102545196A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 杨国华 | Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device |
| CN102545196B (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2015-01-28 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | Multilayer discharge gap type surge protection device |
| US10749316B2 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2020-08-18 | Epcos Ag | Multiple spark-gap arrester |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50313559D1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
| SI1381127T1 (en) | 2011-07-29 |
| EP1381127A2 (en) | 2004-01-14 |
| DE10230827A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
| EP1381127A3 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
| ATE503290T1 (en) | 2011-04-15 |
| EP1381127B1 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
| ES2358790T3 (en) | 2011-05-13 |
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