A kind of cold ground black earth paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to agrochemistry, a kind of specifically cold ground black earth paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer and application thereof.
Background technology
The Heilongjiang Province is the maximum japonica rice plantation area of China, and existing rice area wherein is planted in black soil region more than 4,350 ten thousand mu more than 40%.According to assay: produce 100 kilograms of paddy and straw, need nitrogen (N) 2.1-2.4 kilogram, phosphorus (P
2O
5) the 0.9-1.3 kilogram, potassium (K
2O) 2.1-3.3 kilogram.Paddy rice is very strong to the nitrogen reflection.Water paddy soil is because under the waterflooding condition; The aerobian growth is suppressed; Nitrogen transformation in the soil with organic matter becomes the mineralising attitude slow or very difficult, and nitrogen can run off with draining and wet water in the soil in addition, so the nitrogen that paddy growth needs must lean on fertilizer to replenish.The atteration major part of rice-cultivating is rich in phosphorus and potassium, and the phosphorus potassium that from soil, runs off also lacks than nitrogen.Paddy growth was obstructed when phosphorus potassium was not enough, maturation delays, disease resistance reduces.With nitrogen is main, composite fertilizer's best results of the phosphorus potassium of arranging in pairs or groups in right amount.Like nitrate transporters in higher to compare with most dry crops, paddy rice then likes absorbing ammonium nitrogen.I have carried out years of researches to paddy rice nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition and quality relation; According to black soil region nutrient situation and the fertile rule of confession the black soil region Fertilizer Prescription Special for Rice has been proposed; Result of study shows; Use this special-purpose fertilizer can obviously improve rice yield, improve quality, produce high-grade rice for black soil region the foundation that applies fertilizers scientifically is provided.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of cold ground black earth paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer and application thereof.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of cold ground black earth paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer comprises, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc are applicable to that cold ground black earth paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is made up of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and zinc, and the effective constituent of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and zinc is N:21%--24%, P by weight percentage
2O
5: 10%--13%, K
2O:12%--14%, Zn:0.22-1.2%.
Said paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer effective constituent, nitrogen (N) by weight: phosphorus (P
2O
5): potassium (K
2O): zinc (Zn) is 1.9: 1: 1.2: 0.2.Said nitrogenous fertilizer is selected from urea, phosphate fertilizer and is selected from that monoammonium phosphate, potash fertilizer are selected from Repone K, zinc is selected from zinc sulfate.Said native paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer optimum proportion prescription is: urea 397kg, monoammonium phosphate 250k, Repone K 217kg, zinc sulfate 136kg.
The application of cold ground black earth paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer: said paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is applied to cold ground black earth, and dose is at 20-25 kilogram/mu.
The advantage that the present invention had:
Fertilizer provided by the present invention is to have proposed the black soil region Fertilizer Prescription Special for Rice according to black soil region nutrient situation and the fertile rule of confession, adopts fertilizer of the present invention can obviously improve rice yield, improve quality.Field experiment proves, uses paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer of the present invention, paddy rice growing way good, tiller many, resistant to lodging, ripe morning, quality better; Increasing both production and income is compared with conventional fertilizer, and plant height improves 4.3cm; Grain number per spike increases by 9.8/fringe, and thousand seed weight increases 1.22g, sees from output; Paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is handled output per mu yield 650kg/ mu, than conventional fertile raising the output 45kg/ mu, the stimulation ratio 7.44% handled.In 2.85 yuan/kg of paddy rice, use paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer of the present invention, increase income 128.25 yuan/mu than conventional fertile the processing.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is urea 397kg, monoammonium phosphate 250kg, Repone K 217kg, zinc sulfate 136kg.After taking by weighing raw material by above-mentioned listed material and proportion relation thereof, the granulation of mechanical stirring mixing promptly obtains paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
Paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is urea 400kg, monoammonium phosphate 250kg, Repone K 230kg, zinc sulfate 120kg.
According to evenly back granulation, oven dry, the screening of corresponding mixed, metering packing is processed the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer material then with each composition in the above-mentioned fertilizer.Paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer should evenly spread fertilizer over the fields Tanaka with fertilizer before raking the soil level in the soaked field, then fertilizer is harrowed into topsoil 6-8 centimetre or deeper and more, accomplishes that deep placement is fertile, executes fertilizer in the reducing zone of rice terrace.Rice terrace is different with dry land, and rice terrace divides zone of oxidation and reducing zone two-layer under the waterflooding condition.The soaked back of summer rice upper soll layer has the zone of oxidation of several centimetres and even 1-2 centimetre, here mainly is that aerobic bacteria carries out activity, below soil layer, be exactly reducing zone, mainly be that anaerobes carries out activity.During the fertilizer surface fertilizing, ammonium nitrogen carries out nitrification through microbiological oxidation and becomes nitrous attitude or nitric nitrogen in zone of oxidation, is seeped into reducing zone down, can not be run off by adsorption by soil; In addition, in the reducing zone of waterflooding, very easily produce denitrification, make nitrate-nitrogen reduction become molecular state nitrogen, or Nitrous Oxide, nitric oxide gas and scatter and disappear.The nitrogenous fertilizer deep placement imposes on reducing zone to fertilizer, weakening the nitrogen loss of two processes of nitrification and denitrification, thereby improves utilization rate of fertilizer.Carry out deep placement fertilizer when raking the soil level except spring sowing, but also autumn fertilising.Dose is at 20-25 kilogram/mu.
Application examples 1
Suihua City Beilin District Xinhua township, Heilongjiang Province, this area are positioned at the second accumulated temperature band, 2500 ℃-2700 ℃ of average annual accumulated temperature, and soil type is a black earth, varieties of plant is " a northern rice 5 ".Use the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer of the above embodiment of the present invention, dose is at 25 kilograms/mu.Surveying the product result shows; Use the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer output 639kg/ mu of the above embodiment of the present invention; Than the conventional fertile raising the output 77kg/ mu of handling; Mu increases income 219.45 yuan (referring to table 1), and the quality of every strain paddy rice is good, tiller many, resistant to lodging, ripe morning, a quality better of paddy rice growing way simultaneously, increasing both production and income (referring to table 2).Wherein conventional fertile effective constituent by weight percentage, nitrogen 15%, phosphorus 15%, potassium 15%.
Table 1
Table 2
Application examples 2
Back township, Suiling County, Heilongjiang Province, this area are positioned at the 3rd accumulated temperature band, 2300 ℃-2500 ℃ of average annual accumulated temperature, and soil type is a meadow chernozemic soil, varieties of plant is " sky educates 131 ".Use the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer of the above embodiment of the present invention, dose is at 20 kilograms/mu.Survey is produced the result and is shown, uses paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer output 577kg/ mu of the present invention, increases production 57kg/ mu than conventional fertile the processing, and mu increases income 162.45 yuan.