CN102511512A - Preparation method of plant-source pesticide - Google Patents
Preparation method of plant-source pesticide Download PDFInfo
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- CN102511512A CN102511512A CN2011104311966A CN201110431196A CN102511512A CN 102511512 A CN102511512 A CN 102511512A CN 2011104311966 A CN2011104311966 A CN 2011104311966A CN 201110431196 A CN201110431196 A CN 201110431196A CN 102511512 A CN102511512 A CN 102511512A
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Abstract
A preparation method of a plant-source pesticide comprises the following steps of: firstly extracting effective components from Ailanthus altissima leaves, Nerium indicum leaves and Momordica charantial respectively, mixing the three effective components according to a certain ratio, adding tween-80 and distilled water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the plant-source pesticide. The plant-source pesticide is prepared from the three plant extract products which have rich sources. By the full utilization of mixed synergistic effects of different active substances, defects of a single pesticide such as long development time, high cost, high cost, large amount and drug resistance of insect pests due to long-term usage are overcome. The pesticide prepared in the invention requires low cost and few amount, and can raise drug effects and enlarge insecticidal spectrum. In addition, by the adoption of the pesticide provided by the invention, it is difficult for insects to get drug-resistant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for producing insecticide, specifically a kind of preparation method of plant insecticide.
Background technology
China has caused multiple adverse consequences owing to use the chemical pesticide control insect in a large number merely in recent years.The pest population pesticide resistance strengthens, and control efficiency descends, and a large amount of killed natural enemies have caused the rampant again of insect, and insecticide residues is to the pollution of environment, and people restart to consider the control strategy problem.
Plant insecticide is exactly the material that pest is had specific inhibitory effect that produces in the plant corpus extracting and seeking; These materials are to resist the behavior of insect herbivore in the long-term and insect coevolution process of plant and produce; Insect had tag, stomach toxicity, avoid keep away, multiple biologically active such as food refusal and inhibition are grown; Little to the natural enemy influence simultaneously, in environment, be prone to degraded, even long-term the use; Insect also is difficult for developing immunity to drugs, and the particularity of botanical pesticide material makes pest be difficult to it is developed immunity to drugs.
Summary of the invention
For solving chemical pesticide in the drawback that exists aspect the pest control; The invention provides a kind of plant insecticide; Adopt three kinds of common natural plants to be the source, its active ingredient of solvent extraction is combined into insecticide, aphid and cabbage caterpillar is had better tag and the food refusal effect.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of employing to be: a kind of preparation method of plant insecticide, it is characterized in that, and comprise following steps:
1) prepare tree-of-heaven leaf extract, sweetscented oleander leaf extract and castor bean extractive respectively, concrete operations are following:
The preparation of tree-of-heaven leaf extract:
Get tree-of-heaven leaf flour,, put into apparatus,Soxhlet's with the filter paper parcel; Adding mass concentration according to the ratio of every gram tree-of-heaven leaf flour 10mL ethanol is that 95% ethanol extracts; Until extracting liquid colourless, then extract is merged and is concentrated into 1/5 of original volume, pasty masses; In pasty masses, add isopyknic 80 ℃ of distilled water then; Filtered while hot; Obtain filtrating and pasty masses, the collection of will filtrating, and in pasty masses, add isopyknic 80 ℃ of distilled water again; Filter, collect filtrating and repeat above-mentionedly to add water, filter operation produces until the inkless green matter of filtrating; The merging of the filtrating that will collect then puts into Rotary Evaporators and revolves steaming, makes the tree-of-heaven leaf extract of paste, and is subsequent use;
The preparation of sweetscented oleander leaf extract:
Get the sweetscented oleander leaf flour; With filter paper parcel, put into apparatus,Soxhlet's, adding mass concentration according to the ratio of every gram sweetscented oleander leaf flour 10mL ethanol is that 95% ethanol extracts; Until extracting liquid colourless; Then extract is merged and is concentrated into 1/5 of original volume, paste sweetscented oleander leaf extract, subsequent use;
The preparation of castor bean extractive:
Castor bean is shelled, smashes; Carry out degreasing then, degreasing operation is: mix evenly in the ratio adding ether of every gram castor bean adding 4mL ether and benzinum mixed liquor and the mixed liquor of benzinum, use the Buchner funnel suction filtration again; Material on the filter paper is used above-mentioned degreasing method degreasing 3 times again; Then composition on the filter paper is carried out drying, obtain the loose milk look castor cake dry powder after fuel-displaced, subsequent use;
The mixed liquor of described ether and benzinum, wherein the volume ratio of ether and benzinum is 1:2;
The castor cake dry powder that makes is wrapped up with filter paper, put into cable type extractor according, it is 95% ethanol that the ratio that adds 10mL ethanol according to every gram castor cake dry powder adds mass concentration; Extract 8h, obtain yellowish-brown grease extract, be distilled to 1/5 of original volume with Rotary Evaporators again; Obtain paste,, the paste that obtains is dissolved in 80 ℃ the distilled water then according to the ratio of every gram paste 20mL distilled water; Be cooled to ether continuous extraction 3-4 time of using 4 ℃ after 25 ℃ again, to remove the small portion of residual grease, after extraction finishes; It is dry to take off layer brown clear solution; Use the acetonitrile cyclic washing again, the merging cleaning solution makes the paste castor bean extractive after sending into and revolving steaming in the Rotary Evaporators, and is subsequent use;
2) preparation of insecticide
Get the tree-of-heaven leaf extract that makes in the step 1, sweetscented oleander leaf extract and castor bean extractive and mix, add Tween-80 and distilled water more successively and mix and promptly make the insecticide finished product;
The weight that contains above-mentioned each component in every liter of insecticide finished product is: tree-of-heaven leaf extract 8-20g, sweetscented oleander leaf extract 8-20g, castor bean extractive 4-10g, Tween-80 100-200mL, all the other are distilled water.
Among the present invention, described cable type extractor according extracts, Buchner funnel suction filtration and revolve to steam and be routine operation.
Among the present invention; When apparatus,Soxhlet's extracted tree-of-heaven leaf extract and sweetscented oleander leaf extract, solvent extracted back formation solution with extract and enters into round-bottomed flask, and solution is heated evaporation in round-bottomed flask then; Solvent is participated in the extraction of next time, and extract then is stored in the round-bottomed flask.
Among the present invention, when preparation tree-of-heaven leaf extract and castor bean extractive, obtain final paste extract through the solution that contains tree-of-heaven leaf extract and castor bean extractive being revolved steam to operate; When revolving when steaming to a certain degree, the inside solvent all is evaporated away, has only a spot of combination water to exist; Form pasty masses; At this moment, even continue to revolve steaming, the pasty masses form is changed.
Beneficial effect: the present invention adopts 3 plant species compound extracts common and that the source is abundant formulated, is novel plant source insecticidal preparation, makes full use of the synergistic effect that the different activities material is used with; It is high, expensive big with duration, cost to have overcome the single insecticide exploitation; And consumption use greatly, for a long time insect pest be prone to develop immunity to drugs shortcoming, not only cost is low for the insecticide that makes, consumption is few, and relatively single insecticide is come; Not only can improve drug effect, enlarge insecticidal spectrum; And insect pest is difficult to develop immunity to drugs, and can also avoid the excessive use of raw material simultaneously, guarantees the sustainable use of wild plant resource.The insecticide that the present invention makes has killing property of speed, short, volatile characteristics Environmental compatibility of lasting period is high, and the preparation method is simple, and cost is low, can reach the effect of aphid killing rate 70-90% and cabbage caterpillar killing rate 90-100%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is done further elaboration.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of plant insecticide comprises following steps:
1) prepare tree-of-heaven leaf extract, sweetscented oleander leaf extract and castor bean extractive respectively, concrete operations are following:
The preparation of tree-of-heaven leaf extract:
Get tree-of-heaven leaf flour,, put into apparatus,Soxhlet's with the filter paper parcel; Adding mass concentration according to the ratio of every gram tree-of-heaven leaf flour 10mL ethanol is that 95% ethanol extracts; Until extracting liquid colourless, then extract is merged and is concentrated into 1/5 of original volume, pasty masses; In pasty masses, add isopyknic 80 ℃ of distilled water then; Filtered while hot; Obtain filtrating and pasty masses, the collection of will filtrating, and in pasty masses, add isopyknic 80 ℃ of distilled water again; Filter, collect filtrating and repeat above-mentionedly to add water, filter operation produces until the inkless green matter of filtrating; The merging of the filtrating that will collect then puts into Rotary Evaporators and revolves steaming, makes the tree-of-heaven leaf extract of paste, and is subsequent use;
The preparation of sweetscented oleander leaf extract:
Get the sweetscented oleander leaf flour; With filter paper parcel, put into apparatus,Soxhlet's, adding mass concentration according to the ratio of every gram sweetscented oleander leaf flour 10mL ethanol is that 95% ethanol extracts; Until extracting liquid colourless; Then extract is merged and is concentrated into 1/5 of original volume, paste sweetscented oleander leaf extract, subsequent use;
The preparation of castor bean extractive:
Castor bean is shelled, smashes; Carry out degreasing then, degreasing operation is: mix evenly in the ratio adding ether of every gram castor bean adding 4mL ether and benzinum mixed liquor and the mixed liquor of benzinum, use the Buchner funnel suction filtration again; Material on the filter paper is used above-mentioned degreasing method degreasing 3 times again; Then composition on the filter paper is carried out drying, obtain the loose milk look castor cake dry powder after fuel-displaced, subsequent use;
The mixed liquor of described ether and benzinum, wherein the volume ratio of ether and benzinum is 1:2;
The castor cake dry powder that makes is wrapped up with filter paper, put into cable type extractor according, it is 95% ethanol that the ratio that adds 10mL ethanol according to every gram castor cake dry powder adds mass concentration; Extract 8h, obtain yellowish-brown grease extract, be distilled to 1/5 of original volume with Rotary Evaporators again; Obtain paste,, the paste that obtains is dissolved in 80 ℃ the distilled water then according to the ratio of every gram paste 20mL distilled water; Be cooled to ether continuous extraction 3-4 time of using 4 ℃ after 25 ℃ again, to remove the small portion of residual grease, after extraction finishes; It is dry to take off layer brown clear solution; Use the acetonitrile cyclic washing again, the merging cleaning solution makes the paste castor bean extractive after sending into and revolving steaming in the Rotary Evaporators, and is subsequent use;
2) preparation of insecticide
Get the tree-of-heaven leaf extract 20g, sweetscented oleander leaf extract 20g and the castor bean extractive 4g that make in the step 1 and mix, add Tween-80 200mL after stirring again, adding the distilled water constant volume again is 1000mL, mixes and promptly makes the insecticide finished product.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method such as the embodiment 1 of tree-of-heaven leaf extract, sweetscented oleander leaf extract and castor bean extractive are said.
Get the tree-of-heaven leaf extract 8g, sweetscented oleander leaf extract 8g and the castor bean extractive 10g that make and mix, add Tween-80 100mL after stirring again, adding the distilled water constant volume again is 1000mL, mixes and promptly makes the insecticide finished product.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method such as the embodiment 1 of tree-of-heaven leaf extract, sweetscented oleander leaf extract and castor bean extractive are said.
Get the tree-of-heaven leaf extract 15g, sweetscented oleander leaf extract 15g and the castor bean extractive 7g that make and mix, add Tween-80 150mL after stirring again, adding the distilled water constant volume again is 1000mL, mixes and promptly makes the insecticide finished product.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a plant insecticide is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
1) prepare tree-of-heaven leaf extract, sweetscented oleander leaf extract and castor bean extractive respectively, concrete operations are following:
The preparation of tree-of-heaven leaf extract:
Get tree-of-heaven leaf flour,, put into apparatus,Soxhlet's with the filter paper parcel; Adding mass concentration according to the ratio of every gram tree-of-heaven leaf flour 10mL ethanol is that 95% ethanol extracts; Until extracting liquid colourless, then extract is merged and is concentrated into 1/5 of original volume, pasty masses; In pasty masses, add isopyknic 80 ℃ of distilled water then; Filtered while hot; Obtain filtrating and pasty masses, the collection of will filtrating, and in pasty masses, add isopyknic 80 ℃ of distilled water again; Filter, collect filtrating and repeat above-mentionedly to add water, filter operation produces until the inkless green matter of filtrating; The merging of the filtrating that will collect then puts into Rotary Evaporators and revolves steaming, makes the tree-of-heaven leaf extract of paste, and is subsequent use;
The preparation of sweetscented oleander leaf extract:
Get the sweetscented oleander leaf flour; With filter paper parcel, put into apparatus,Soxhlet's, adding mass concentration according to the ratio of every gram sweetscented oleander leaf flour 10mL ethanol is that 95% ethanol extracts; Until extracting liquid colourless; Then extract is merged and is concentrated into 1/5 of original volume, paste sweetscented oleander leaf extract, subsequent use;
The preparation of castor bean extractive:
Castor bean is shelled, smashes; Carry out degreasing then, degreasing operation is: mix evenly in the ratio adding ether of every gram castor bean adding 4mL ether and benzinum mixed liquor and the mixed liquor of benzinum, use the Buchner funnel suction filtration again; Material on the filter paper is used above-mentioned degreasing method degreasing 3 times again; Then composition on the filter paper is carried out drying, obtain the loose milk look castor cake dry powder after fuel-displaced, subsequent use;
The mixed liquor of described ether and benzinum, wherein the volume ratio of ether and benzinum is 1:2;
The castor cake dry powder that makes is wrapped up with filter paper, put into cable type extractor according, it is 95% ethanol that the ratio that adds 10mL ethanol according to every gram castor cake dry powder adds mass concentration; Extract 8h, obtain yellowish-brown grease extract, be distilled to 1/5 of original volume with Rotary Evaporators again; Obtain paste,, the paste that obtains is dissolved in 80 ℃ the distilled water then according to the ratio of every gram paste 20mL distilled water; Be cooled to ether continuous extraction 3-4 time of using 4 ℃ after 25 ℃ again, to remove the small portion of residual grease, after extraction finishes; It is dry to take off layer brown clear solution; Use the acetonitrile cyclic washing again, the merging cleaning solution makes the paste castor bean extractive after sending into and revolving steaming in the Rotary Evaporators, and is subsequent use;
2) preparation of insecticide
Get the tree-of-heaven leaf extract that makes in the step 1, sweetscented oleander leaf extract and castor bean extractive and mix, add Tween-80 and distilled water more successively and mix and promptly make the insecticide finished product;
The weight that contains above-mentioned each component in every liter of insecticide finished product is: tree-of-heaven leaf extract 8-20g, sweetscented oleander leaf extract 8-20g, castor bean extractive 4-10g, Tween-80 100-200mL, all the other are distilled water.
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| CN2011104311966A CN102511512A (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2011-12-21 | Preparation method of plant-source pesticide |
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| CN2011104311966A CN102511512A (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2011-12-21 | Preparation method of plant-source pesticide |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392745A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-11-20 | 浙江万里学院 | Environmentally-friendly pesticide synthesized by utilizing oleander extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN103571614A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-02-12 | 盐城工学院 | Preparation method of castor oil and castor oil prepared through same |
| CN103609603A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-03-05 | 李文斌 | Botanical insecticide and preparation method thereof |
| CN105767023A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-07-20 | 梁文荣 | Plant-source pseudococcus comstocki killing composite agent |
| CN105941495A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-09-21 | 梁文荣 | Plant-derived composition agent for killing citrus mealy bugs |
| CN106116872A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省兴诚生态农业发展有限公司 | Fertilizer additive prepared by a kind of cell extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN106105688A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Red gloomy Rhizoma et radix veratri (Radix Rhizoma Veratri) cuttage breeding method |
| CN111820247A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-27 | 安徽朗宜百草生物工程有限公司 | A Chinese medicinal preparation for resisting plant diseases and insect pests, and its preparation method |
| CN112694362A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-23 | 农迅达网络科技（苏州）有限公司 | Insect-preventing grass pond sludge fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112694367A (en) * | 2019-10-19 | 2021-04-23 | 农迅达网络科技（苏州）有限公司 | Anti-corrosion swill fertilizer |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392745A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-11-20 | 浙江万里学院 | Environmentally-friendly pesticide synthesized by utilizing oleander extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN103392745B (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-04-01 | 浙江万里学院 | Environmentally-friendly pesticide synthesized by utilizing oleander extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN103571614A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-02-12 | 盐城工学院 | Preparation method of castor oil and castor oil prepared through same |
| CN103609603A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-03-05 | 李文斌 | Botanical insecticide and preparation method thereof |
| CN105767023A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-07-20 | 梁文荣 | Plant-source pseudococcus comstocki killing composite agent |
| CN105941495A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-09-21 | 梁文荣 | Plant-derived composition agent for killing citrus mealy bugs |
| CN106116872A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省兴诚生态农业发展有限公司 | Fertilizer additive prepared by a kind of cell extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN106105688A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Red gloomy Rhizoma et radix veratri (Radix Rhizoma Veratri) cuttage breeding method |
| CN112694367A (en) * | 2019-10-19 | 2021-04-23 | 农迅达网络科技（苏州）有限公司 | Anti-corrosion swill fertilizer |
| CN112694362A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-23 | 农迅达网络科技（苏州）有限公司 | Insect-preventing grass pond sludge fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111820247A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-27 | 安徽朗宜百草生物工程有限公司 | A Chinese medicinal preparation for resisting plant diseases and insect pests, and its preparation method |
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Application publication date: 20120627 |