CN102503602A - Ecological treatment and recycling technology for crop stalks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological treatment and recycling technology for crop stalks. Crushed crop stalks are taken as a main raw material, and are added with auxiliary raw materials to form an edible mushroom substrate, and the edible mushroom substrate can be used for producing edible mushrooms for people and a byproduct chaff, and the chaff is fermented to generate biogas and biogas residue; the great amount of biogas generated through fermentation can be used for an engine, and the engine is in transmission connection with a comprehensive generating set to generate electricity and heat; and the biogas residue generated through fermentation can be prepared into an organic fertilizer to return to a field. By the technology, a flow of the stalks, the edible mushrooms, the organic fertilizer and returning to the field can be implemented, an ecological agricultural production mode combining crop farming, the agricultural and subsidiary product processing industry and the stalk ecological industry is realized, the recycling of the crop stalks is enhanced, and the ecological treatment can be effectively implemented.

Description

A kind of ecological management of agricultural crop straw and recovery and utilization technology

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural crop straw recycle utilization, is a kind of ecological management and recovery and utilization technology of agricultural crop straw concretely.

Background technology

In recent years, agricultural crop straw becomes the new source of rural area pollution of area source.The annual summer harvest always has stalks such as a large amount of wheats, corn and cotton bavin to burn in the field with when the autumn and winter, has produced a large amount of heavy smogs, not only becomes the bottleneck problem that rural environment is protected, even becomes the arch-criminal of bringing disaster to urban environment.According to the relevent statistics, China can generate more than 700,000,000 ton of stalk every year as large agricultural country, becomes " use is little " but " waste " that must dispose.In the case, handle by the peasant fully, the phenomenon of a large amount of burnings just occurred.External developed country particularly; For comprehensive Exploitation and Utilization of Crop Straw has found multiple use; Except that traditional straw chopping and returning is done the organic fertilizer; Also, improved the utilization value and the utilization ratio of stalk greatly, and China actively promotes and supports down in national departments concerned and various places government through new approach such as straw feed, straw vaporization, straw power generation, stalk ethanol, stalk building materials; The stalk comprehensive utilization technique is also being carried forward vigorously, the various places investment construction comprehensive utilization projects such as a collection of artificial board of straw, stalk direct combustion power generation, stalk marsh gas, gasifying stalk, straw briquette fuel.Simultaneously, the straw-returning of various ways, conservation tillage, stalk quick composting also the field, cross also applying of technology such as field of abdomen, reduced the crop straw burning phenomenon to a certain extent.

Summary of the invention

The deficiency that the present invention is directed to the prior art existence provides a kind of ecological agriculture production model that can realize that plant husbandry, farm and sideline product processing industry, stalk Ecological Industrial combine; Strengthen the recycle of agricultural crop straw, thereby effectively realize the ecological management and the recovery and utilization technology of a kind of agricultural crop straw of ecological management.

Its technical scheme is: a kind of ecological management of agricultural crop straw and recovery and utilization technology may further comprise the steps:

(1) is main raw material with the agricultural crop straw of pulverizing, adds the auxiliary material of making culture medium of edible fungus and process culture medium of edible fungus that the sterilization back is inoculated, cultivated as the edible fungus culturing base-material;

(2) produce edible mushrooms and the sub product bacterium chaff that supplies people to eat through above-mentioned steps, can produce biogas and natural pond slag through the bacterium chaff is fermented;

(3) through setting up bacterium chaff biogas central gas supply engineering; The bacterium chaff is put into the biogas anaerobic jar carry out mesophilic digestion, produce a large amount of biogas, then anaerobically fermenting is handled the biogas that produces and be used for mover; Be connected with composite generating set on the mover, to produce electric energy and heat energy;

(4) the natural pond slag through the fermentation output can be made into fertilizer and returns the field.

After having adopted technique scheme, the beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is: contain nutritive ingredients such as abundant carbon, nitrogen, mineral substance and hormone in the stalk of the present invention, and aboundresources, and with low cost, therefore be well suited for doing the culture material of multiple eating bacterium.Utilize stalk culturing edible fungus kind more, and the waste mushroom leftover material of some kind can be used as the cultivation base-material of another kind of edible mushrooms, not only improved biological transformation ratio, prolonged and utilized chain, reduced pollution, effectively ecology is administered environment.Agricultural crop straw can the nutritious various delicious Mushrooms of output after edible fungi growth digestion, and bacterium chaff capable of using again makes the field crop good harvest as good organic fertilizer, and output increases.Big area utilization and extention crop straws for producing edible mushrooms can not only be turned waste into wealth, and can also play a positive role for increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency, exploitation Organic farming, and can reduce cost, increase the benefit.Produce biogas energy through the bacterium chaff being carried out fermentation energy, can produce electric energy and heat energy through biogas energy, the electric energy of generation can be used for the production electricity consumption, and heat energy can be used for biogas production, meets the environmental protection concept of energy cycling and reutilization, has practiced thrift production cost.In addition, the natural pond slag that the fermentation back produces is good fertilizer, can be used as also field of organic fertilizer, improves the utilising efficiency of stalk resource.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is a process flow sheet of the present invention.

Embodiment

Shown in accompanying drawing, a kind of ecological management of agricultural crop straw and recovery and utilization technology may further comprise the steps:

(1) is main raw material with the agricultural crop straw of pulverizing, adds the auxiliary material of making culture medium of edible fungus and process culture medium of edible fungus that the sterilization back is inoculated, cultivated as the edible fungus culturing base-material;

(2) produce edible mushrooms and the sub product bacterium chaff that supplies people to eat through above-mentioned steps, can produce biogas and natural pond slag through the bacterium chaff is fermented;

(3) through setting up bacterium chaff biogas central gas supply engineering; The bacterium chaff is put into the biogas anaerobic jar carry out mesophilic digestion, produce a large amount of biogas, then anaerobically fermenting is handled the biogas that produces and be used for mover; Be connected with composite generating set on the mover, to produce electric energy and heat energy;

(4) the natural pond slag through the fermentation output can be made into fertilizer and returns the field.Improved the utilising efficiency of stalk resource.

Wherein, the bacterium chaff contains elements such as a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, is a kind of product with higher utility value, not only can be used as good organic fertilizer, makes the field crop good harvest, increases output, and can produce biogas and natural pond slag through fermentation.

The biogas that produces through fermentation can be near resident as life combustion gas use, and the electric energy of generation can be applicable to edible fungus industrial production and uses, and heat energy can be used for biogas production.Meet the environmental protection concept of energy cycling and reutilization in this way, practiced thrift production cost.

At present; Utilize stalk culturing edible fungus kind more; Tens kinds such as flat mushroom, Hypsizygus marmoreus, straw mushroom, Coprinus comatus, cat auricularia auriculajudae are arranged, and the waste mushroom leftover material of some kind can be used as the cultivation base-material of another kind of edible mushrooms, not only improved biological transformation ratio; Prolonged and utilized chain, reduced pollution environment.Agricultural crop straw can the nutritious various delicious Mushrooms of output after edible fungi growth digestion, and bacterium chaff capable of using again makes the field crop good harvest as good organic fertilizer, and output increases.Big area utilization and extention crop straws for producing edible mushrooms can not only be turned waste into wealth, and can also play a positive role for increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency, exploitation Organic farming.As edible fungus industrial manufacturing enterprise, can reduce cost, increase the benefit through utilizing the crop straws for producing edible mushrooms fully.

The present invention can realize the best Agro-ecology pattern in field of stalk-edible mushrooms-fertilizer-also through above-mentioned steps.Not only effectively administered ecotope, and recycling capable of circulation, reduced cost, improved benefit.

The result of practical application according to the present invention, 0.34 ten thousand ton in year process for producing waste material.Produce about 36.5 ten thousand m3 of biogas per year, biogas is mainly used in and supplies user's gas to use and generate electricity, and supplies the peripheral 300 family peasant households usefulness of cooking a meal, and all the other biogas are used for generating, and annual electricity generating capacity 38.33 ten thousand degree are used for edible mushrooms stdn factory building production electricity consumption.The biogas residue and biogas liquid YO is about 1.30 ten thousand tons, and through after the solid-liquid separation, solid part is processed the fertilizer export trade, as ten thousand mu of farmlands of liquid fertilizer pouring periphery, can dissolve fully, and develop eco-agriculture in natural pond liquid to plant area periphery farmland.

Certainly, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and in a word, those skilled in the art is from above-mentioned enlightenment, and other replacement form of being expected all belongs within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the ecological management of an agricultural crop straw and recovery and utilization technology is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

(1) is main raw material with the agricultural crop straw of pulverizing, adds the auxiliary material of making culture medium of edible fungus and process culture medium of edible fungus that the sterilization back is inoculated, cultivated as the edible fungus culturing base-material;

(2) produce edible mushrooms and the sub product bacterium chaff that supplies people to eat through above-mentioned steps, can produce biogas and natural pond slag through the bacterium chaff is fermented;

(3) through setting up bacterium chaff biogas central gas supply engineering; The bacterium chaff is put into the biogas anaerobic jar carry out mesophilic digestion, produce a large amount of biogas, then anaerobically fermenting is handled the biogas that produces and be used for mover; Be connected with composite generating set on the mover, to produce electric energy and heat energy;

(4) the natural pond slag through the fermentation output can be made into fertilizer and returns the field.

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