CN102173897A - Method for treating and utilizing agricultural solid waste through aerobic high-temperature hydrolysis and fermentation - Google Patents
Method for treating and utilizing agricultural solid waste through aerobic high-temperature hydrolysis and fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102173897A CN102173897A CN2011100283789A CN201110028378A CN102173897A CN 102173897 A CN102173897 A CN 102173897A CN 2011100283789 A CN2011100283789 A CN 2011100283789A CN 201110028378 A CN201110028378 A CN 201110028378A CN 102173897 A CN102173897 A CN 102173897A
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating and utilizing agricultural solid waste through aerobic high-temperature hydrolysis and fermentation, which comprises the following treatment steps: a, mixing shorn and crushed crop straws with livestock/poultry dung, squeezing the mixture to carry out liquid-solid separation, soaking the solid residue obtained in the first squeezing procedure, and further squeezing to carry out liquid-solid separation; b, mixing the liquids obtained in the two squeezing procedures in the step a, inoculating with active sludge, hydrolyzing and fermenting the mixed liquid in the presence of hot air for a fermentation period of 1-10 days, carrying out vacuum concentration, and cooling to obtain a compound microbial inoculum product; and c, hydrolyzing and fermenting the squeezed residue obtained in the step a in the presence of hot air, drying in the presence of hot air, cooling, and bagging to obtain the low-humification stable-state carbon source organic substance product. By fully using a large amount of agriculturally-produced crop straws and large-scale produced livestock/poultry dung, the method can be used for recycling multiple kinds of agricultural organic waste, thereby changing the waste into valuables, and reducing the possible secondary environment pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of agricultural solid residue processing and utilizing technology field, particularly a kind of agricultural solid residue aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing technology relates to the method for mixing crop material and feces of livestock and poultry processing and resource utilization.
Background technology
Prior art: solid the giving up of agriculturals such as mixed straw ight soil is the important component of rural garbage, is one of important origin cause of formation that causes pollution of area source.In fact, solid the giving up of agriculturals such as mixed straw ight soil contained nutrients such as abundant organic matter and a certain amount of nitrogen phosphorus potassium, is a kind of important biomass source of manure.With the Dianchi Lake Basin is example, the useless admittedly output of agricultural such as annual various crop materials and feces of livestock and poultry reach more than 300 ten thousand tons, wherein there are more than 100 ten thousand tons should not or go back the field and utilize as feed, be not effectively handled, the phenomenon that huddles, disorderly falls, leaves about is outstanding, cause environmental pollution on the one hand, wasted resource on the other hand.Research and develop efficiently the useless admittedly recycling treatment of agricultural and utilize technology, realize the solid useless recycle of agricultural,, provide the agricultural sustainable development level significant for protection environment, energy-saving and emission-reduction, control pollution of area source.
Solid useless at agriculturals such as mixed straw ight soil, processing and utilizing method commonly used has anaerobic hydrolysis fermentation and compost treatment.Anaerobic hydrolysis fermentation essence is exactly the methane-generating pit technology, and the methane-generating pit technology still can not be promoted at present on a large scale owing to be subjected to a lot of aspects.Composting technology is the focus science of current international development to agricultural wastes minimizing, innoxious, stabilization and resource utilization, but the ubiquity long processing period, and treating processes nutrient material damage is big, handles the lower problem of product using value.Therefore, the compost fermentation technology need continue to improve, and is mainly reflected in:
The optimum C/N of organic solid castoff compost treatment is 25～30:1.Because the C/N of feces of livestock and poultry is generally lower, thereby, can regulate the C/N ratio at a certain amount of stalk of adding that ferments.The traditional zymotic process is generally carried out liquid-solid raw material and is fermented together, has seriously reduced low humify carbon source organism production capacity, therefore, is necessary to develop liquid-solid separate fermentation technology.
Composting process is an exothermic process, if do not add control, temperature can reach 75 ℃～80 ℃.The too high meeting of temperature consumes organic matter excessively, influences the composting production quality, and makes microorganism enter death or dormant state; Temperature is crossed the low organic decomposition rate that can slow down.Therefore, develop stable artificially controlling temperature system, keeping buttress heap inside to be subjected to temperature evenly is a gordian technique of Study on Fermentation.
Activity and the oxygen level of microorganism are closely related, oxygen-supplying amount how much influence compost speed and quality.It is generally acknowledged that the oxygen level in the heap body should remain on 5%-15%.Therefore, exploitation oxygen supply mode and raising oxygen utilization rate realize the inner even oxygenation of buttress heap, keep the stable technology of oxygen level necessary.
The traditional zymotic technology focuses on to be handled and agriculture solid the giving up of degraded, and apparent traditional composting fermentation process, carbon source organism major part during the fermentation are degraded into humify carbon source organism.Yet humic is grown the carbon source organism plant growth is not had very significant effects, and from this aspect, traditional compost fermentation technology has been wasted a lot of carbon source organism.But, low humify carbon source organism can promote plant growth, regulates soil ecosystem, especially improves the soil physics structure.Therefore, changing the mode of utilizing of traditional zymotic product, utilizing the technology of tunning, not only can improve the utilization ratio of nutrient, and can improve and extend the circulation of nutrient in farmland ecosystem inside from the angle development of new of nutrien utilization.
China is a large agricultural country, and guestimate all has last more than 300 hundred million tons agricultural wastes to be abandoned every year.Wherein northern area is to live with the wheat straw stalk, and because the characteristics of northern weather and the custom of farming are seldom recycled the wheat straw stalk, but directly with its burning, promptly wasted resource, has polluted atmospheric environment simultaneously again.The south agricultural is to live with rice straw mainly then, today of southern area Economic development, the rice straws of a lot of parts are not as fuel, but directly be stacked in the field, allow it freely rot, the disposal options of this no standard has also been brought harm to environment, has also caused the waste of resource simultaneously.China also has following plant residue to need to dispose in addition, as weeds, wood chip, leaf, cotton, fiber crops, Sunflower Receptacle, beanstalk, oil crops shell, rice husk and bagasse etc.Therefore simultaneously, along with the large-scale development of aquaculture, feces of livestock and poultry has also become another important pollution sources of rural area, and contains the pathogeny biology in the feces of livestock and poultry, and is mishandling, may produce bigger environmental hazard.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the present invention is directed to above-mentioned technological gap, a kind of agricultural solid residue aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method is provided.This method has effectively been utilized agricultural solid residue in the past, has reduced environmental pollution.
Technical scheme: the useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method of a kind of agricultural, treatment step is: the agricultural crop straw that a. will shear after pulverizing mixes by weight 1:6～5:2 with feces of livestock and poultry, by squeezing the liquid-solid component separating in the mixture, squeezing gained solid residue soaks to squeeze once more after 12～72 hours and makes liquid-solid component separating again; B. after twice gained squeezing of last step juice being mixed, adopt acetic acid or liming to regulate pH, pH scope 4.5～8.5, mix the active sludge of juice weight to wherein inoculating 0.1%～0.3% squeezing, mix juice hydrolysed ferment under 40～70 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the liquid internal temperature is controlled at 30～60 ℃, fermentation period 1-10 days, gets the complex micro organism fungicide product after vacuum concentration, the cooling again; C. with the press residue of step a gained, regulate pH about 4.5～8.5 with acetic acid or liming, water content is at 50～60wt%, hydrolysed ferment under 40～70 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the internal control of buttress heap 1～10 day hydrolysed ferment time, is dried to water ratio behind 40～60wt% again at 30～60 ℃ under 50～60 ℃ of hot blasts, the cooling pack is low humify stable state carbon source organism product.
Agricultural crop straw after above-mentioned shearing is pulverized mixes by weight 2:1～3:2 with feces of livestock and poultry.
Acetic acid or liming adjusting pH is 7.5 among above-mentioned steps a, the b.
The inoculum size of above-mentioned active sludge is for mixing 0.2% of juice weight.
The temperature of hydrolysed ferment is 55-60 ℃ under the above-mentioned mixing juice hot blast condition.
Beneficial effect:
1, made full use of the feces of livestock and poultry that agriculture a large amount of generation crop material and mass-producing produce,, turned waste into wealth, reduced the secondary environmental pollution that may exist a lot of agricultural organic waste resource utilizations;
2, because crop material and feces of livestock and poultry itself contain abundant nutrient element, if adopt traditional composting technology, most of carbon source organism will become humify, and by fermentative processing technology of the present invention, only there is a small amount of easily carbon source organism of degraded to convert humify to, improved the utilization ratio of nutrient;
3, optimize adjusting and control hydrolysis technological condition for fermentation, not only can improve hydrolysed ferment processing speed and effect, and help orthoselection microorganism formation dominant population.
4, with the squeezing separation method, solid the giving up of agriculturals such as mixed straw ight soil carried out liquid-solid separation, utilize complex microorganism, adopt pyrohydrolysis fermentation processing method liquid towards and solid substances to handle respectively.The non-humify carbon source of the stable state of Xing Chenging organism is more suitable for producing and preparation bio-organic fertilizer and arable farming matrix at last, improves the conversion using rate and the application value of materials such as organic carbon source, nitrogenous source, phosphorus source.
5, the useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing production technique of agricultural is simple, and general bio-fertilizer and composite organic-inorganic fertilizer factory improve a little just can scale operation.With low cost, agricultural is solid useless, and especially crop material and feces of livestock and poultry source is abundant, the production process Environmental Safety;
6, because complex microorganism and low humify stable state carbon source organism are a kind of conditioning agents of soil system requirement of balance, so the product of present technique invention has environmental safety.
7, the present invention can be widely used in all kinds of bio-fertilizers, fertilizer and composite organic-inorganic fertilizer and joining of arable farming bacterium matrix uses.Can supply with fertile class crop of especially high consumption and soil barren, that harden to the growth of all kinds of crops and the conditioning of all kinds of soil.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the agricultural step synoptic diagram of useless aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method admittedly.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method of a kind of agricultural, the agricultural crop straw of shearing after pulverizing is mixed by weight 1:6 with feces of livestock and poultry,, squeeze once more after squeezing gained solid residue soaks and make liquid-solid component separating the liquid-solid component separating in the mixture by squeezing; After the mixing of twice gained squeezing of last step juice, adopt acetic acid or liming to regulate pH, pH scope 4.5, mix the active sludge (active sludge is taken from the Aerobic Pond mud of municipal sewage plant) of juice weight to wherein inoculating 0.1% squeezing, mix juice hydrolysed ferment under 40 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the liquid internal temperature is controlled at 30 ℃, and fermentation period 1 day gets the complex micro organism fungicide product after vacuum concentration, the cooling again; With press residue, regulate pH about 4.5 with acetic acid or liming, water content is at 50wt%, hydrolysed ferment under 40 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the internal control of buttress heap 1 day hydrolysed ferment time, is dried to water ratio behind 40wt% again at 30 ℃ under 50 ℃ of hot blasts, the cooling pack is low humify stable state carbon source organism product.
Embodiment 2:
The useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method of a kind of agricultural, the agricultural crop straw of shearing after pulverizing is mixed by weight 5:2 with feces of livestock and poultry,, squeeze once more after squeezing gained solid residue soaks and make liquid-solid component separating the liquid-solid component separating in the mixture by squeezing; After the mixing of twice gained squeezing of last step juice, adopt acetic acid or liming to regulate pH, pH scope 8.5, mix the active sludge (active sludge is taken from the Aerobic Pond mud of municipal sewage plant) of juice weight to wherein inoculating 0.5% squeezing, mix juice hydrolysed ferment under 70 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the liquid internal temperature is controlled at 60 ℃, and fermentation period 10 days gets the complex micro organism fungicide product after vacuum concentration, the cooling again; With press residue, regulate pH about 8.5 with acetic acid or liming, water content is at 60wt%, hydrolysed ferment under 70 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the internal control of buttress heap 10 days hydrolysed ferment time, is dried to water ratio behind 60wt% again at 60 ℃ under 50～60 ℃ of hot blasts, the cooling pack is low humify stable state carbon source organism product.
Embodiment 3:
The useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method of a kind of agricultural, the agricultural crop straw of shearing after pulverizing is mixed by weight 1:1 with feces of livestock and poultry,, squeeze once more after squeezing gained solid residue soaks and make liquid-solid component separating the liquid-solid component separating in the mixture by squeezing; After the mixing of twice gained squeezing of last step juice, adopt acetic acid or liming to regulate pH, pH scope 7.5, mix the active sludge (active sludge is taken from the Aerobic Pond mud of municipal sewage plant) of juice weight to wherein inoculating 0.2% squeezing, mix juice hydrolysed ferment under 55 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the liquid internal temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, fermentation period 1-10 days, gets the complex micro organism fungicide product after vacuum concentration, the cooling again; With press residue, regulate pH about 7.5 with acetic acid or liming, water content is at 55wt%, hydrolysed ferment under 55 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the internal control of buttress heap 5 days hydrolysed ferment time, is dried to water ratio behind 50wt% again at 40 ℃ under 55 ℃ of hot blasts, the cooling pack is low humify stable state carbon source organism product.
Embodiment 4:
The dry rice straw that will obtain from Jinning County, Kunming be cut into the particle of long 1～2cm, and according to stalk: pig manure weight ratio 2:1 mixes.Sneak into and carry out the squeezing first time in the squeezing machine, juice collects standby.Press residue soaks 30 hours in water body after, carry out the squeezing second time again.Twice juice mixes, regulate pH about 7.5 with liming, adopt the active sludge inoculation of Sewage Plant, promptly directly add 0.2% active sludge that mixes juice weight and inoculate (the Aerobic Pond mud that active sludge is taken from the municipal sewage plant), it is even to stir juice.Charge into 55 ℃ hot blast, kept 3 days, finish hydrolytic process.Pouring the juice after the hydrolysis into the vacuum concentration system concentrates, room temperature (25-30 ℃) concentrates down, will be concentrated into substantially anhydrous branch, and enriched material is dry under 55 ℃ hot blast again, water ratio takes out pack after less than 60wt%, and this part product is complex micro organism fungicide.The residue of squeezing is regulated pH 7.5 with liming and acetic acid for the second time, keeps water ratio at 50%-60wt%, stirs into the active sludge of 0.2% residue weight again, charges into 55 ℃ hot blast, stirs simultaneously, keeps 5 days, finishes hydrolytic process.Place 55 ℃ hot blast down dry residue after the hydrolysis, water ratio takes out pack after less than 60wt%, and this part product is low humify stable state carbon source organism.Complex micro organism fungicide product and low humify stable state carbon source organism are applied to the farmland separately, perhaps with bio-feritlizer, organic fertilizer, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer compounding application, every mu of complex micro organism fungicide amount of application is less than 5kg, and low every mu of amount of application of humify stable state carbon source organism is less than 200kg.
Adopt the complex micro organism fungicide of manufacturing of the present invention to be applied in the leek ground, leek biomass volume increase 8%-15% according to 1000g/ mu.The low humify stable state carbon source organism of making is applied in the leek ground according to 50kg/ mu, leek volume increase 5%-8%, and the soil physics structure be improved significantly.
Embodiment 5:
The dry maize straw that will obtain from Jinning County, Kunming is pulverized, and according to stalk: pig manure weight ratio 3:2 mixes.Sneak into and carry out the squeezing first time in the squeezing machine, juice collects standby.Press residue soaks 20 hours in water body after, carry out the squeezing second time again.Twice juice mixes, regulate pH about 7.5 with liming, adopt the active sludge inoculation of Sewage Plant, promptly directly add 0.2% active sludge that mixes juice weight and inoculate (the Aerobic Pond mud that active sludge is taken from the municipal sewage plant), it is even to stir juice.Charge into 55 ℃ hot blast, kept 2 days, finish hydrolytic process.Pour the juice after the hydrolysis into the vacuum concentration system and concentrate, concentrate under the room temperature, will be concentrated into substantially anhydrous branch, enriched material is dry under 55 ℃ hot blast again, and water ratio takes out pack after less than 60wt%, and this part product is complex micro organism fungicide.The residue of squeezing is regulated pH 7.5 with liming and acetic acid for the second time, keeps water ratio at 50wt%-60wt%, stirs into the active sludge of 0.2% residue weight again, charges into 55 ℃ hot blast, stirs simultaneously, keeps 5 days, finishes hydrolytic process.Place 55 ℃ hot blast dry down the residue after the hydrolysis, water ratio takes out pack less than 60% back, and this part product is low humify stable state carbon source organism.Complex micro organism fungicide product and low humify stable state carbon source organism are applied to the farmland separately, perhaps with bio-feritlizer, organic fertilizer, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer compounding application, every mu of complex micro organism fungicide amount of application is less than 5kg, and low every mu of amount of application of humify stable state carbon source organism is less than 200kg.
Adopt the complex micro organism fungicide of manufacturing of the present invention to be applied in the yacon ground according to 1000g/ mu, yacon output increases 6%-10%.The low humify stable state carbon source organism of making is applied in the yacon ground as base fertilizer according to 100kg/ mu, and yacon output increases 10%-18%, and the soil physics structure be improved significantly.
Claims (5)
1. the useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method of an agricultural is characterized in that treatment step is:
A. the agricultural crop straw that will shear after pulverizing mixes by weight 1:6～5:2 with feces of livestock and poultry, again by squeezing with the liquid-solid component separating in the mixture, the immersion of squeezing gained solid residue is squeezed once more after 12～72 hours and is made liquid-solid component separating;
B. after twice gained squeezing of last step juice being mixed, adopt acetic acid or liming to regulate pH, pH scope 4.5～8.5, mix the active sludge of juice weight to wherein inoculating 0.1%～0.3% squeezing, mix juice hydrolysed ferment under 40～70 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the liquid internal temperature is controlled at 30～60 ℃, fermentation period 1-10 days, gets the complex micro organism fungicide product after vacuum concentration, the cooling again;
C. with the press residue of a step, regulate pH about 4.5～8.5 with acetic acid or liming, water content is at 50～60wt%, hydrolysed ferment under 40～70 ℃ of hot blast conditions, the internal control of buttress heap 1～10 day hydrolysed ferment time, is dried to water ratio behind 40～60wt% again at 30～60 ℃ under 50～60 ℃ of hot blasts, the cooling pack is low humify stable state carbon source organism product.
2. the useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method of agricultural according to claim 1, it is characterized in that shearing after the pulverizing agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry by weight 2:1～3:2 mix.
3. the useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method of agricultural according to claim 1 is characterized in that regulating pH with acetic acid or liming among step a and the step b is 7.5.
4. the useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method of agricultural according to claim 1, the inoculum size that it is characterized in that active sludge is for mixing 0.2% of juice weight.
5. the useless admittedly aerobic high-heat hydrolysed ferment processing and utilizing method of agricultural according to claim 1, the temperature that it is characterized in that mixing hydrolysed ferment under the juice hot blast condition is 55-60 ℃.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102633549A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-15 | 江苏田娘农业科技有限公司 | Special liquid organic fertilizer for tea tree and preparation method thereof |
| CN102701869A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Crop straw leach liquor for improving fertilizer efficiency of mycorrhizal fungi fertilizer and preparation method of crop straw leach liquor |
| CN104030744A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-09-10 | 新蔡县未来再生能源科技有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing culturing farm waste and straw and device thereof |
| CN106007822A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-10-12 | 胡卫江 | Method for biologically refining ecological nutriment |
| CN107986233A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-04 | 天津大学 | A kind of method using biogas slurry catalysis hydrogen making |
| CN109400409A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | A kind of method and device thereof of the useless fruit harmless treatment of honey shaddock |
| CN109678574A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-04-26 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | The fermentation of stalk waste takes thermal and application method |
| CN111072431A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-28 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Organic functional carrier loaded with water-soluble microbial agent, preparation method of organic functional carrier, functional biological organic liquid fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102633549A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-15 | 江苏田娘农业科技有限公司 | Special liquid organic fertilizer for tea tree and preparation method thereof |
| CN102701869A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Crop straw leach liquor for improving fertilizer efficiency of mycorrhizal fungi fertilizer and preparation method of crop straw leach liquor |
| CN104030744A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-09-10 | 新蔡县未来再生能源科技有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing culturing farm waste and straw and device thereof |
| CN104030744B (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2015-09-23 | 新蔡县未来再生能源科技有限公司 | A kind of method and device thereof utilizing plant's waste and stalk to produce fertilizer |
| CN106007822A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-10-12 | 胡卫江 | Method for biologically refining ecological nutriment |
| CN107986233A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-04 | 天津大学 | A kind of method using biogas slurry catalysis hydrogen making |
| CN107986233B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-12-01 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing hydrogen by catalyzing biogas slurry |
| CN109400409A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | A kind of method and device thereof of the useless fruit harmless treatment of honey shaddock |
| CN109678574A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-04-26 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | The fermentation of stalk waste takes thermal and application method |
| CN111072431A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-28 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Organic functional carrier loaded with water-soluble microbial agent, preparation method of organic functional carrier, functional biological organic liquid fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer |
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Application publication date: 20110907 |