CN102499635A - Line scanning-based fundus retina multispectral imaging system and method - Google Patents
Line scanning-based fundus retina multispectral imaging system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a line scanning-based fundus retina multispectral imaging system and a method, wherein a multispectral imaging technology is applied in a line scanning confocal imaging technology, line light beams with a plurality of wavelengths are used to scan and illuminate fundus retina, meanwhile, an optical grating is used to split the reflected line light beams of the fundus retina, and a detection device detects the split sequential spectrum to form an image. The invention can simultaneously obtain a plurality of wavelengths and illuminate the multi-spectrum image of the fundus retina, has the fundus retina information amount which can be increased for times compared with the single wavelength, adopts a line light beam confocal scanning mode, and has the advantages of quick imaging frame frequency, high resolution ratio, simple and convenient system and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the multi-optical spectrum imaging technology in the Application Optics,, can be widely used in biomedical ophthalmologic examination for a kind of optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and method based on line sweep.
Background technology
The successful Application of optics cofocus scanning technology aspect imaging broken through the bottleneck that traditional optical forms images, and can obtain high-resolution imaging, makes the cofocus scanning imaging technique be applied to the various aspects of optical detection.Along with the development of confocal technology, what obtained applying has a scanning confocal formation method and a line sweep confocal imaging method.Shortcomings such as the spot scan confocal imaging needs the whole visual field of two-dimensional scan point beam lighting, adopts low light level electric explorer (like photomultiplier tube) to survey imaging simultaneously, and this method scan control difficulty is big, and imaging frame frequency is low, and detectivity is low.The line sweep confocal imaging only needs the one-dimensional scanning Line beam whole visual field of throwing light on, and adopts line detector to survey imaging, and this method scan control is easy, and detectivity is high, and imaging frame frequency is high, and method has more advantage before comparing to.But because they all are to adopt single single band laser instrument as light source, can only obtain the imaging pattern of single wavelength, then need repeatedly change different wave length for the Research of Spectrum Characteristics of inspected object and repeatedly form images, this just makes its limited use.
The imaging spectral technology that occurred in recent years organically combines spectral analysis technique and two-dimensional imaging technology, can not only carry out two-dimentional form imaging to object, simultaneously abundant spectral information can also be provided.Because each pixel contains and the relevant spectral information of tested physics component in the spectral image data; The physical spectrum characteristic that can directly reflect target; Thereby that discloses all types of target exists situation and material composition, makes that the Direct Recognition target becomes possibility from the space.Because it has spectral resolution height, wave band many, image and advantages such as spectrum combines; Therefore in the space of remote sensing system and the detection of the earth; In the composition of biomedical biological tissue and the inspection of pathological changes; The military target investigation is surveyed, and aspects such as food safety detection all have a wide range of applications.
The divergent beams of wideband light source that adopt are focused into point-like irradiation sample more in the multi-optical spectrum imaging technology at present; Utilize dispersion characteristics to be split up into the sequence spectral line through beam splitting system then, at last through the sequence spectral line being surveyed simultaneously to realize to same sample multispectral imaging simultaneously from the imaging beam that sample reflects or transmission is returned.Adopt the mode of some irradiation, need the illumination of scanning spot with realization whole sample visual field, or the mobile example illumination, this all needs accurately control of two dimension, and moving-member is many, and it is big to control difficulty, and image taking speed is slow.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to compensate the weak point of above-mentioned existing two kinds of technology; Satisfy the requirement of multi-optical spectrum imaging technology better; Strengthen simultaneously line sweep confocal imaging The Application of Technology scope; A kind ofly combine imaging spectral technology and line sweep confocal technology and seek, forming optical fundus retina multispectral imaging method, and a kind of system that realizes this method is provided based on line sweep.
The present invention is based on the optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system of line sweep, comprise Line beam generation module, spectral module, scan module, image-forming module and output module, it is characterized in that,
The Line beam generation module comprises light source, and said light source can be single band point light source groups or broadband point source;
Image-forming module comprises sniffer, and said sniffer can be line detector group or surface detector.
When said light source is the single band point light source groups; The Line beam generation module also comprises fiber coupler, collimating lens and cylindrical lens; The outgoing beam of single band point light source groups is after fiber coupler is coupled into single beam, and single beam is transformed to Line beam through collimating lens collimation and cylindrical lens successively; When said light source was the broadband point source, the Line beam generation module also comprised collimating lens and cylindrical lens, and the outgoing beam of broadband point source is transformed to Line beam through collimating lens collimation and cylindrical lens successively; Said Line beam generation module is used for the divergent beams of light source output are generated the one dimension Line beam, and the Line beam generation module links to each other with spectral module;
Said spectral module; Be broadband beam split plain film or broadband Amici prism; An one dimension Line beam part that is used for the Line beam generation module is produced directly transmission arrives scan module and will carry out deflection from the imaging beam of scan module reflected back and shines and reach the picture module;
Said scan module; Utilize the Line beam of the direct outgoing of spectral module that human eye optical fundus retina is scanned illumination; With to the imaging beam synchronous reflection of retinal reflex from the optical fundus to spectral module; It is made up of scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens group; The one dimension Line beam of the direct outgoing of spectral module scans illumination optical fundus retina through said scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens group by scanning galvanometer successively, and the imaging beam that retinal reflex returns from the optical fundus arrives spectral module through illumination objective lens group and scanning galvanometer synchronous reflection successively;
Said image-forming module; Be used for converting the imaging beam light intensity signal of spectral module deflection outgoing to the signal of telecommunication; And be transferred to output module, and image-forming module is made up of image-forming objective lens, cylindrical lens, confocal slit, grating and sniffer, and the imaging beam of spectral module deflection outgoing passes through image-forming objective lens, cylindrical lens, confocal slit and grating successively; Arrive sniffer, said confocal slit and optical fundus retinal plane conjugation;
Said output module is made up of image pick-up card and outut device, and image pick-up card becomes picture signal with the electrical signal conversion of image-forming module output, and through outut device output.
Said light source is LASER Light Source or light emitting diode or super-radiance light emitting diode;
When said sniffer was the line detector group, line detector was linear charge-coupled array or linear array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or linear array photodiode array; When said sniffer was surface detector, surface detector was surface array charge-coupled device or face battle array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or face battle array photodiode array.
Said optical fiber coupler is a N*1 type coupling device, N representative point light sources output beam number;
Said collimating lens is an achromat, and being used for the divergent beams collimation is collimated light beam;
Said cylindrical lens is used for the collimated light beam of collimating lens output is transformed to the one dimension Line beam;
Said scanning galvanometer is the reflecting type high precision scanning galvanometer;
The illumination objective lens group is the bundle subsystem that contracts that two lens are formed;
Said grating is diffraction grating or holographic grating;
Said outut device is a computer.
The present invention is based on the optical fundus retina multispectral imaging method of line sweep, it is characterized in that performing step is following:
Step 1, the Line beam generation module generates the single bunch light beam that comprises a plurality of wavelength;
Step 4, spectral module will carry out from the imaging beam of scan module reflected back deflection shine reach the picture module.
When said light source was the single band point light source groups, said step 1 comprised,
Step 111, a plurality of divergent beams of single band point light source groups outgoing are coupled through fiber coupler, are output as the single beam that includes a plurality of wavelength;
The single beam collimation that step 112, collimating lens will include a plurality of wavelength is a collimated light beam;
Step 113, collimated light beam is transformed to Line beam through cylindrical lens.
When said light source was the broadband point source, said step 1 comprised,
Step 121, the divergent beams of broadband point source outgoing are behind collimating lens, and collimation is a collimated light beam;
Step 122, collimated light beam is transformed to Line beam through cylindrical lens.
Said step 5 comprises,
Step 51, image-forming objective lens and cylindrical lens are focused into wire with the imaging beam of spectral module deflection outgoing, arrive grating then;
Step 52, Line beam becomes isolating single wavelength line light beam at different levels through optical grating diffraction;
Step 53, isolating single wavelength line light beams at different levels arrive sniffer, and sniffer converts light intensity signal to the signal of telecommunication.
Said step 6 comprises,
Step 61, image pick-up card becomes picture signal with the electrical signal conversion of sniffer output;
Step 62, outut device receive said picture signal, show, handle, and storage is also printed.
The present invention compares with existing multi-optical spectrum imaging technology, and following advantage is arranged:
1, optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and method based on line sweep of the present invention; The Line beam that comprises a plurality of wave bands is through scanning illumination optical fundus retina; Through grating beam splitting, each wave band is surveyed imaging simultaneously, can obtain the multispectral information of retinal tissue.
2, the present invention is based on the optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method for line sweep, confocal slit and optical fundus retina conjugation have been got rid of the influence of non-retina conjugate planes veiling glare to image quality, have realized the high-resolution of confocal imaging principle.
3, the present invention is based on the optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method for line sweep, scanning light beam and imaging beam are wire, only use the scanning galvanometer scanning light beam retina visual field, optical fundus of can throwing light on; Movable part is few; Control accuracy is high, and scanning galvanometer and line detector clock are easy synchronously, and image configuration speed is fast; Picture frame frequency is high, and real-time performance is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method structure chart that the present invention is based on line sweep.
Fig. 2 is optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method structure chart of the specific embodiment of the invention one based on line sweep.
Fig. 3 is optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method light path sketch map of the specific embodiment of the invention one based on line sweep.
Fig. 4 is the optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system structure chart of the specific embodiment of the invention two based on line sweep.
Fig. 5 is optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method light path sketch map of the specific embodiment of the invention two based on line sweep.
The specific embodiment
Below through specific embodiment and to combine accompanying drawing be that the present invention does further detailed explanation.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 2, for optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method structure chart of the specific embodiment of the invention one, comprise Line beam generation module 1, spectral module 2, scan module 3, image-forming module 5 and output module 6 based on line sweep.
Line beam generation module 1 links to each other with spectral module 2; Constitute by single band point light source groups 100, fiber coupler 110, collimating lens 120 and cylindrical lens 130; Be used for a plurality of wavelength divergent beams of single band point light source groups 100 are generated the one dimension Line beam; The light beam that single band point light source groups 100 is sent is coupled into single beam through fiber coupler 110; This single beam is exported collimated light beam after through collimating lens 120 collimations, and cylindrical lens 130 is transformed to the one dimension Line beam with the collimated light beam of collimating lens 120 outputs and outputs to spectral module 2.
Image-forming module 5 is made up of image-forming objective lens 500, cylindrical lens 510, confocal slit 520, grating 530 and sniffer 540, is used for converting the imaging beam light intensity signal of spectral module 2 deflection outgoing to the signal of telecommunication, and is transferred to output module 6.The imaging beam of spectral module 2 deflection outgoing passes through image-forming objective lens 500, cylindrical lens 510, confocal slit 520 and grating 530 successively, arrives sniffer 540.Confocal slit 520 and human eye retina's 4 planar conjugates, confocal slit 520 can be got rid of non-human eye retina's 4 planar veiling glares and get into sniffer 540, thereby realize the high-resolution of confocal imaging principle.
As shown in Figure 3; Be optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method light path sketch map of the specific embodiment of the invention one based on line sweep, three light beams that drawn to indicative, all elements are all arranged along primary optical axis; Clear apertures etc. are with one heart high; Light beam is all propagated along system's primary optical axis, is illustrative nature among the figure, does not represent real optical design parameter.
The single band point light source groups is made up of a plurality of single band point sources, and point source number and wave band can be chosen arbitrarily, combination in any.
Point source is LASER Light Source or light emitting diode or super-radiance light emitting diode, and what adopt in the present embodiment is LASER Light Source.
Fiber coupler is a N*1 type coupling device, N representative point light sources output beam number.
Collimating lens is an achromat, and focal length is 50mm.
Cylindrical lens adopts the flat convex cylindrical lenses of plain edition, and its focal length is 100mm.
Spectroscope is broadband beam split plain film or broadband Amici prism, adopts the broadband Amici prism in the present embodiment.
Scanning galvanometer is the reflecting type high precision scanning galvanometer, adopts the model 6210H type product of CT company in the present embodiment, and effectively face width is 10mm.
The illumination objective lens group is the bundle subsystem that contracts that two lens are formed, and the cemented doublet that adopts two focal lengths to be respectively 100mm and 50mm in the present embodiment is formed the bundle subsystem that contracts.
Image-forming objective lens 7 adopts lens, and its focal length is 140mm.
Confocal slit is an adjustable slit, adopts the stand upright APAS80-1A of Chinese light of Beijing in the present embodiment, its position and optical fundus retinal plane conjugation.
Grating is diffraction grating or holographic grating, adopts the broadband diffraction grating of Thorlabs in the present embodiment, and demand pairs are 300 every millimeter.
Line detector is linear charge-coupled array or linear array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or linear array photodiode array, adopts the line array CCD of e2v company in the present embodiment, and the line pixel is 1024, and pixel dimension is 14 μ mX14 μ m.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 4, for optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method structure chart of the specific embodiment of the invention two, comprise Line beam generation module 1, spectral module 2, scan module 3, image-forming module 5 and output module 6 based on line sweep.
Line beam generation module 1 links to each other with spectral module 2, is made up of broadband point source 100, collimating lens 110 and cylindrical lens 120, is used for a plurality of wavelength divergent beams of broadband point source 100 are generated the one dimension Line beam.The divergent beams that broadband point source 100 sends are exported collimated light beam after through collimating lens 110 collimations, and cylindrical lens 120 is transformed to the one dimension Line beam with the collimated light beam of collimating lens 110 outputs and outputs to spectral module 2.
Image-forming module 5 is made up of image-forming objective lens 500, cylindrical lens 510, confocal slit 520, grating 530 and sniffer 540, is used for converting the imaging beam light intensity signal of spectral module 2 deflection outgoing to the signal of telecommunication, and is transferred to output module 6.The imaging beam of spectral module 2 deflection outgoing passes through image-forming objective lens 500, cylindrical lens 510, confocal slit 520 and grating 530 successively, arrives sniffer 540.Confocal slit 520 and optical fundus retina 4 planar conjugates, confocal slit 520 can be got rid of non-optical fundus retina 4 planar veiling glares and get into sniffer 540, thereby realize the high-resolution of confocal imaging principle.
As shown in Figure 5; Be optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system and the method light path sketch map of the specific embodiment of the invention one based on line sweep, three light beams that drawn to indicative, all elements are all arranged along primary optical axis; Clear apertures etc. are with one heart high; Light beam is all propagated along system's primary optical axis, is illustrative nature among the figure, does not represent real optical design parameter.
The broadband point source is LASER Light Source or light emitting diode or super-radiance light emitting diode, and what adopt in the present embodiment is LASER Light Source.
Collimating lens is an achromat, and focal length is 50mm.
Cylindrical lens adopts the flat convex cylindrical lenses of plain edition, and its focal length is 100mm.
Spectroscope is broadband beam split plain film or broadband Amici prism, adopts the broadband Amici prism in the present embodiment.
Scanning galvanometer is the reflecting type high precision scanning galvanometer, adopts the model6210H type product of CT company in the present embodiment, and effectively face width is 10mm.
The illumination objective lens group is the bundle subsystem that contracts that two lens are formed, and the cemented doublet that adopts two focal lengths to be respectively 100mm and 50mm in the present embodiment is formed the bundle subsystem that contracts.
Image-forming objective lens 7 adopts lens, and its focal length is 140mm.
Confocal slit is an adjustable slit, adopts the stand upright APAS80-1A of Chinese light of Beijing in the present embodiment, its position and optical fundus retinal plane conjugation.
Grating is diffraction grating or holographic grating, adopts the broadband diffraction grating of Thorlabs in the present embodiment, and demand pairs are 300 every millimeter.
Line detector is linear charge-coupled array or linear array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or linear array photodiode array, adopts the line array CCD of e2v company in the present embodiment, and the line pixel is 1024, and pixel dimension is 14 μ m * 14 μ m.
The present invention does not limit to and above-mentioned instance, and persons skilled in the art can adopt numerous embodiments to realize the present invention according to content disclosed by the invention.
Claims (11)
1. the optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system based on line sweep comprises Line beam generation module, spectral module, scan module, image-forming module and output module, it is characterized in that:
The Line beam generation module comprises light source, and said light source is single band point light source groups or broadband point source;
Image-forming module comprises sniffer, and said sniffer is line detector group or surface detector.
2. the optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system based on line sweep according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
When said light source is the single band point light source groups; The Line beam generation module also comprises fiber coupler, collimating lens and cylindrical lens; The outgoing beam of single band point light source groups is after fiber coupler is coupled into single beam, and single beam is transformed to Line beam through collimating lens collimation and cylindrical lens successively;
When said light source was the broadband point source, the Line beam generation module also comprised collimating lens and cylindrical lens, and the outgoing beam of broadband point source is transformed to Line beam through collimating lens collimation and cylindrical lens successively;
Said Line beam generation module is used for the divergent beams of light source output are generated the one dimension Line beam, and the Line beam generation module links to each other with spectral module.
3. the optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system based on line sweep according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Said spectral module; Be broadband beam split plain film or broadband Amici prism; An one dimension Line beam part that is used for the Line beam generation module is produced directly transmission arrives scan module and will carry out deflection from the imaging beam of scan module reflected back and shines and reach the picture module;
Said scan module; Utilize the Line beam of the direct outgoing of spectral module that human eye optical fundus retina is scanned illumination; With to the imaging beam synchronous reflection of retinal reflex from the optical fundus to spectral module; It is made up of scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens group; The one dimension Line beam of the direct outgoing of spectral module scans illumination optical fundus retina through said scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens group by scanning galvanometer successively, and the imaging beam that retinal reflex returns from the optical fundus arrives spectral module through illumination objective lens group and scanning galvanometer synchronous reflection successively;
Said image-forming module; Be used for converting the imaging beam light intensity signal of spectral module deflection outgoing to the signal of telecommunication; And be transferred to output module; It is made up of image-forming objective lens, cylindrical lens, confocal slit, grating and sniffer, and the imaging beam of spectral module deflection outgoing passes through image-forming objective lens, cylindrical lens, grating and confocal slit successively, arrives sniffer;
Said output module is made up of image pick-up card and outut device, and image pick-up card becomes picture signal with the electrical signal conversion of image-forming module output, and through outut device output.
4. the optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging system based on line sweep according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Said light source is LASER Light Source or light emitting diode or super-radiance light emitting diode;
When said sniffer was the line detector group, line detector was linear charge-coupled array or linear array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or linear array photodiode array; When said sniffer was surface detector, surface detector was surface array charge-coupled device or face battle array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or face battle array photodiode array.
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging systems, it is characterized in that based on line sweep:
Said optical fiber coupler is a N*1 type coupling device, N representative point light sources output beam number;
Said collimating lens is an achromat, and being used for the divergent beams collimation is collimated light beam;
Said cylindrical lens is used for the collimated light beam of collimating lens output is transformed to the one dimension Line beam;
Said scanning galvanometer is the reflecting type high precision scanning galvanometer;
The illumination objective lens group is the bundle subsystem that contracts that two lens are formed;
Said grating is diffraction grating or holographic grating;
Said outut device is a computer.
6. according to claim 1 and 3 described optical fundus retina multi-optical spectrum imaging systems, it is characterized in that: said confocal slit and optical fundus retinal plane conjugation based on line sweep.
7. optical fundus retina multispectral imaging method based on line sweep is characterized in that: comprising:
Step 1, the Line beam generation module generates the single bunch light beam that comprises a plurality of wavelength;
Step 2, the said single bunch light beam that comprises a plurality of wavelength arrives scan module through the direct transmission of a part behind the spectral module;
Step 3, scan module scans illumination through scanning galvanometer and illumination objective lens group to human eye optical fundus retina with the Line beam of the direct outgoing of spectral module, and will be from the optical fundus imaging beam synchronous reflection of retinal reflex to spectral module;
Step 4, spectral module will carry out from the imaging beam of scan module reflected back deflection shine reach the picture module;
Step 5, image-forming module converts the imaging beam light intensity signal of spectral module deflection outgoing to the signal of telecommunication, and is transferred to output module;
Step 6, the image pick-up card in the output module becomes picture signal with the electrical signal conversion of image-forming module output, and through outut device output.
8. the optical fundus retina multispectral imaging method based on line sweep according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
When said light source was the single band point light source groups, said step 1 comprised:
Step 111, a plurality of divergent beams of single band point light source groups outgoing are coupled through fiber coupler, are output as the single beam that includes a plurality of wavelength;
The single beam collimation that step 112, collimating lens will include a plurality of wavelength is a collimated light beam;
Step 113, collimated light beam is transformed to Line beam through cylindrical lens.
When said light source was the broadband point source, said step 1 comprised:
Step 121, the divergent beams of broadband point source outgoing are behind collimating lens, and collimation is a collimated light beam;
Step 122, collimated light beam is transformed to Line beam through cylindrical lens.
9. the optical fundus retina multispectral imaging method based on line sweep according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: said step 5 comprises:
Step 51, image-forming objective lens and cylindrical lens are focused into wire with the imaging beam of spectral module deflection outgoing, arrive grating then;
Step 52, Line beam becomes isolating single wavelength line light beam at different levels through optical grating diffraction;
Step 53, isolating single wavelength line light beams at different levels arrive sniffer, and sniffer converts light intensity signal to the signal of telecommunication.
10. the optical fundus retina multispectral imaging method based on line sweep according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: said step 6 comprises:
Step 61, image pick-up card becomes picture signal with the electrical signal conversion of sniffer output;
Step 62, outut device receive said picture signal, show, handle, and storage is also printed.
11. the optical fundus retina multispectral imaging method based on line sweep according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Said light source is LASER Light Source or light emitting diode or super-radiance light emitting diode;
When said sniffer was the line detector group, line detector was linear charge-coupled array or linear array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or linear array photodiode array; When said sniffer was surface detector, surface detector was surface array charge-coupled device or face battle array complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) array or face battle array photodiode array;
Said optical fiber coupler is a N*1 type coupling device, N representative point light sources output beam number;
Said collimating lens is an achromat, and being used for the divergent beams collimation is collimated light beam;
Said cylindrical lens is used for the collimated light beam of collimating lens output is transformed to the one dimension Line beam;
Said scanning galvanometer is the reflecting type high precision scanning galvanometer;
The illumination objective lens group is the bundle subsystem that contracts that two lens are formed;
Said grating is diffraction grating or holographic grating;
Said outut device is a computer.
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