CN102487871A - High water temperature genetically improved farmed tilapia raising method - Google Patents
High water temperature genetically improved farmed tilapia raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487871A CN102487871A CN2011104489418A CN201110448941A CN102487871A CN 102487871 A CN102487871 A CN 102487871A CN 2011104489418 A CN2011104489418 A CN 2011104489418A CN 201110448941 A CN201110448941 A CN 201110448941A CN 102487871 A CN102487871 A CN 102487871A
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- water temperature
- rate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a high water temperature genetically improved farmed tilapia raising method. According to the method, the total amount of feed thrown at high temperature is reduced by a scientific feeding method and by using feed made by using a reasonable formula. According to the method, the total feed amount, although reduced, can satisfy the nutrient needs of fish for quick growth, the water quality is protected from being damaged by excessive bait, and thus, the raising benefit is increased.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the modern agriculture field, in particular to the fish breeding method, the raising method of gift tilapia under particularly a kind of high water temperature.
Background technology:
Gift tilapia (GIFT; Oreochromis niloticus) research starts from 1988; Initiate by mechanisms such as world fishery centres; 1992, under the subsidy of Asian Development Bank (ADB) and agency for development of the United Nations (UNDB), the Tilapia mossambica new lines (" Ji Fu ") that international living aquatic resources administrative center (ICLARM) and partner thereof (Philippine, Norway) select.It is reported that " Ji Fu " Tilapia mossambica grows fast 60% than the commercial strain of locality, survival rate is high by 50%.Introduced China in 1994 first.Gift tilapia is through long-term seed selection, and its growth rate further improves, more and more by numerous raisers' approval.In recent years, it is swift and violent that China southern area Tilapia mossambica is propagated development artificially, obtained favorable economic benefit.Tilapia mossambica belongs to tropic fishes.It is generally acknowledged that temperature is high more favourable more to its growth.But we find in culturing practice, when water temperature surpasses 33 ℃, anorexia can occur, the phenomenon that growth rate reduces.China Tilapia mossambica culture the main producing region mainly be in southern Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Fujian Si Sheng water temperature in annual summer surpass 33 ℃ of times probably has about 40 days.Therefore, how under high water temperature, improve the growth rate of gift tilapia, can improve that too much to ruin water quality because of residual bait be the technical problem that this area needs to be resolved hurrily simultaneously again.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention relates to the cultural method of gift tilapia under a kind of high water temperature; Through the feeding method of science throw something and feed the prescription rational feed; Reduce the input of feed total amount under the high temperature,, also can satisfy the fish foster needs of growth fast though reduce the feedstuff feeding total amount through method of the present invention; Can improve again because of residual bait and too much ruin water quality, thereby improve culture benefit.In order to realize the object of the invention, intend and adopt following technical scheme:
One aspect of the present invention relates to the raising method of gift tilapia under a kind of high water temperature, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: that when water temperature was higher than 33 ℃, the feed nutrient of throwing something and feeding comprised:
Throwing is raised rate for 2.0% of its body weight, throws something and feeds every day twice.
In a preferred implementation of the present invention, described feed comprises fish meal, dregs of beans, corn, inferior powder, vitamin (A, E, C, B
1, B
2, B
6), folic acid, nicotinic acid and inositol.
Description of drawings
The variation of gift tilapia body weight in Fig. 1 process of the test;
The variation of gift tilapia specific growth rate in Fig. 2 process of the test (different lowercase alphabet differentials are different significantly, P＜0.05);
The different influences (different lowercase alphabet differentials are different significantly, P＜0.05) of throwing the rate of raising of Fig. 3 to the gift tilapia growth performance
Embodiment:
1 materials and methods
1.1 source and the domestication of test Tilapia mossambica
Aquatic products research institute aquatile hot climate cell carries out in Guangxi in test.Gift tilapia is taken from the national Tilapia mossambica seed multiplication farm in Nanning, chooses healthy Tilapia mossambica 400 tails, the about 70g of body weight (body weight before the domestication of under hot conditions, throwing something and feeding); Support temporarily in the white PVC bucket in laboratory, treat that it conforms, after growth is normal; Picked at random 240 tails wherein divide into groups to put into the controllable temperature aquarium of laboratory, and aquarium is a glass material; Specification is 65cm * 55cm * 65cm, is furnished with circulating filtration water treatment and ultraviolet sterilization device; Water temperature is by the control of the heating of being furnished with intelligent circuit board, refrigeration system, and final temperature of cultivation is controlled at (33 ± 0.1) ℃, keeps continuous charge round the clock, throws something and feeds every day 2 times (9:00 and 16:00), reaches the state of being satiated with food, and in time clears up residual bait and ight soil.Domestication 7d begins test after the growth of waiting to ingest is normal.
1.2 test feeds utilized
The feed that adopts in the process of the test consists of: fish meal, dregs of beans, corn, inferior powder, vitamin (A, E, C, B
1, B
2, B
6), folic acid, nicotinic acid, inositol.The nutrient component of feed is seen table 1.
The nutrient component of table 1 test feed
1.3 experimental scheme
Test is established 4 throwings and is raised the rate gradient, and its throwing rate of raising is respectively 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% of test fish body weight.Every group 20 tail fish, each gradient are provided with 3 repetitions.Every separated 15d measures the body weight of organizing fish for 1 time in experimental period, and its feeding volume of corresponding adjustment.Each throws duration of test and to raise the rate group and divide every day and to throw something and feed for 2 times, i.e. 9:00 and 16:00.The sucking-off ight soil behind the 1h of at every turn having thrown something and fed, residual bait sucking-off is also dried, is weighed.Detect water quality every day, duration of test pH value is 7.49 ± 0.15, and dissolved oxygen is (5.3 ± 0.5) mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen is (0.17 ± 0.02) mg/L.Test period is 45d.
1.4 the statistical analysis of index determining and data
Before on-test and after finishing, all stopped eating 24 hours, body weight and body that accurate mensuration is respectively organized fish are long.Be used for the calculating of other index.The relative weight gain rate in the process of the test (weight gain ratio, WGR), specific growth rate (specific growth rate, SGR), grazing rate (feeding rate, FR), feed efficiency (feed efficiency, FE) calculate with following formula respectively:
WGR＝100×(W
1-W
0)/W
0
SGR＝100×(lnW
1-lnW
0)/t
FR＝100×C/[t×(W
0+W
1)/2]
FE＝100×(W
1-W
0)/C
Wherein, W
0Be on-test macrura reevesii body weight in wet base (g), W
1Be off-test macrura reevesii body weight in wet base (g), C is total food ration (g), and t is test period (d).
All data are carried out statistical analysis with the SPSS18.0 statistical software.The corresponding data of each experimental group are through the one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), the difference between the multiple comparing check group of Duncan, and P＜0.05 is a significant difference.Analysis result is represented with mean value ± standard error.
2 results
2.1 different influences of throwing the rate of raising to the Tilapia mossambica growth
Through the test of 45d, the body weight change of gift tilapia is shown in accompanying drawing 1, and 1.0% throws that to raise the weightening finish of rate group minimum, and 1.5% throws that to raise the weightening finish of rate group less, and 2.0% and 2.5% throws and raises the rate group and increase weight bigger.
Visible by accompanying drawing 2, along with the increase of rate is raised in throwing, SGR is in rising trend, keeps relatively stable afterwards.It is relevant that rate curve is raised in SGR and throwing, and regression equation is: y=-0.27x
2+ 1.299x-0.814, R
2=0.996.
Can find out that from table 2 the different rates of raising of throwing are remarkable to the influence of gift tilapia body weight, body length, SGR, WGR and FR.2.0% throws and to raise the rate group and significantly throw greater than 1.0% and 1.5% and raise rate group (P＜0.05), but 2.0% raises the rate group with 2.5% throwing and compares difference not remarkable (P＞0.05).And the influence of FE aspect is shown as, 2.0% throws and to raise the rate group and be higher than 1.0% and 2.5% significantly and throw and raise the rate group, but throws and raise the rate group and compare difference not remarkable (P＞0.05) with 1.5%.
The different throwing of table 2 raised the influence (mean value ± standard error) of rate to gift tilapia specific growth rate, the relative weight gain rate, grazing rate and feed efficiency
Annotate: go up the different lowercases of target and represent to have significant difference (P＜0.05)
2.2 different the throwing raised the influence that rate is ingested to Tilapia mossambica
Visible by accompanying drawing 3, trend stably after the increase that the relative weight gain rate of gift tilapia is raised rate along with throwing demonstrates and rises earlier.Along with the increase of rate is raised in throwing, feed efficiency is in rising trend, tends to be steady afterwards, significantly descends at last.The feed efficiency that the rate group is raised in 2.0% throwing is the highest.Gift tilapia its suitable rate of raising of throwing under the condition of 33 ℃ of high water temperatures is 2.0% of its body weight, and too much feed can not be ingested and digest fully, causes waste.And, under the condition of practicing thrift cost, can make Tilapia mossambica growth maximization can obtain relative high economic benefit.
When being understood that, above-mentioned embodiment only is an illustrative, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion according to above-mentioned explanation, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the raising method of gift tilapia under the high water temperature is characterized in that comprising the steps: that when water temperature was higher than 33 ℃, the feed nutrient of throwing something and feeding comprised:
The throwing rate of raising is 2.0% of a fish body weight, throws something and feeds every day twice.
2. the raising method of gift tilapia under the high water temperature according to claim 1, described feed comprises fish meal, dregs of beans, corn, inferior powder, vitamin A, E, C, B
1, B
2And B
6, folic acid, nicotinic acid and inositol.
3. raising method according to claim 1, described high water temperature is meant temperature between 33-38 ℃, preferably is no more than 35 ℃.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102986565A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-27 | 暨南大学 | Culturing method for promoting growth of hologynic tilapia and/or improving nutrient composition of hologynic tilapia |
| CN106508736A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-03-22 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Culture method for tilapia in high temperature phase |
-
2011
- 2011-12-29 CN CN2011104489418A patent/CN102487871A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 郭忠宝; 郭恩彦; 尤宏争; 李德鹏; 肖俊; 严欣; 罗永巨: "高水温下不同投饲率对吉富罗非鱼摄食、生长的影响", 《淡水渔业》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102986565A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-27 | 暨南大学 | Culturing method for promoting growth of hologynic tilapia and/or improving nutrient composition of hologynic tilapia |
| CN106508736A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-03-22 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Culture method for tilapia in high temperature phase |
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Application publication date: 20120613 |