CN102487726A - Rapid preparation method of termitomyces robustus strain - Google Patents
Rapid preparation method of termitomyces robustus strain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a strain preparation method of rare wild edible mushroom termitomyces robustus and belongs to the technical field of macrofungi culture. The preparation method is characterized in that sporocarp which is not opened at the cap is used as a material, and solid cultivated strain is prepared by using ways such as mycelium induction, mycelium amplication culture and rapid propagation. According to the invention, termitomyces robustus mycelia is special extremely slow in growing and difficult to propagate on a solid culture medium, and is difficult to grow on a cultivation medium, batch strains are difficultly produced, and the condition is one of factors restricting or influencing artificial culture. According to the invention, the termitomyces robustus mainly produced in Yunnan is taken for an example, and a creative break is generated for the solid culture technology of the mycelia, so that the mycelia can rapidly grow and propagate, culture period is greatly shortened, and bagged cultivated strain is produced. In the preparation method provided by the invention, mother strain, amplification and cultivation culture mediums are used, and are simple and available in components, low in cost and convenient for popularization, such as cultivated strain culture medium mainly makes use of primitive environment soil and wheat bran, which provides conditions for artificial domestication and cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process for preparing strain thereof of the thick handle chicken of a kind of rare wild edible fungus fir (Termitomyces robustus (Beeli.) Heim), belong to biological technical field, specifically belong to macro fungi mycelium indoors artificial and cultivate category.
Background technology
Collybia albuminosa belongs to (Termitomyces) and is under the jurisdiction of Basidiomycotina (Basidiomycotina), Hymenomycetes (Hymenomycetes), Agaricales (Agaricales), Tricholomataceae (Tricholomataceae); Cause has symbiotic relation with termite, has another name called the ant nest umbrella and belongs to.The chicken fir has another name called Ji Zong (palm fibre), handle of umbrella mushroom, chicken silk mushroom, termite mushroom etc., and it is a kind of famous and expensive special local product wild edible fungus in Yunnan Province; It also is a kind of in the world famous delicious edible mushroom; It is nutritious, fine and tender taste, delicious flavour; And have tangible pharmacological action, receive domestic and international consumer's hobby and favor deeply.Domestic collybia albuminosa mainly is distributed in Yunnan, has report to point out, about 24 kinds of Chinese collybia albuminosa, and wherein Yunnan reaches 20 kinds, but in recent years owing to ecological disruption and excessive excavating, the collybia albuminosa price one in Yunnan rises and rises again, and per kilogram fresh weight price is in 300-450 unit.
From 1799 K ǒ ning to ant nest in the discovery and the description of fungus garden count, people are to the history in existing more than 200 year of scientific research of collybia albuminosa, the understanding of collybia albuminosa is also deepened continuously, but up to now, its artificial culture still are difficult to capture Shang Weijian
The example that scale is successfully cultivated.Because collybia albuminosa is rare and valuable, its artificial domesticating cultivation is the ultimate aim of researcher struggle always.Still there is more problem in present tame research, wherein mycelia on synthetic medium, grow extremely slowly, be difficult to expand numerous, be difficult to produce in batches bacterial classification etc. and be still a subject matter, it is restriction or prerequisite or the basis that influences artificial culture.Thick handle chicken fir is a main product kind in Yunnan, ground such as rich people, the high post that is distributed in Yunnan advised, Wuding County, and the present invention levies its cultural hypha problem has been carried out key breakthrough.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of simple, production cost is low, the collybia albuminosa silk is grown fast and expands numerous solid spawn preparation method.
Realize technical scheme of the present invention: the fruit body with not parachute-opening is a material, through mycelium induce, the mycelium enlarged culture and fast approach such as breeding prepare cultivated species, realize that key step of the present invention is following:
(1) material chosen: the open-air slightly plump mature sporophore of shape, cap of good, the no insect pest of growth, not parachute-opening, stem of plucking;
(2) sterilization of material and processing: fruit body is taken back the laboratory; On super-clean bench, use cotton ball soaked in alcohol; Dab positions such as cap surface and stem, remove surperficial silt or soil, fruit body is divided into two from the cap middle part; Get the interior tissue piece of stem and cap junction with scalpel, be cut into about 0.20~0.40cm
2Fritter;
(3) mycelium is induced: the small tissue blocks of above cutting is embedded mother culture media surface, test tube slant gently, and mother culture media is: potato 200.00g/L, glucose 20.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
20.50~1.00g/L, KH
2PO
40.40~0.60g/L, NH
4NO
30.35~0.45g/L, KNO
30.35~0.45g/L, Cobastab
12.00~2.50mg/L, agar 12.00g/L, the control pH value is 4.0~4.5, and cultivation temperature is 24~26 ℃; The dark cultivation 14~18 days, the mycelia of a small amount of white of germinating on the basic stitch piece, mycelia are increased gradually and are spherical; Cover the basic stitch piece, 35~40 days, mycelia was gathered into graininess, little lumps; Color and luster is deepened, and crossfades into light brown;
(4) mycelium enlarged culture: the mycelium that grows fine in the above test tube is chosen; Medium above rejecting; With its enlarged culture primary surface that embeds the 500ml triangular flask gently, medium is: potato 150.00~180.00g/L, glucose 8.00~10.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
20.50~1.00g/L, KH
2PO
40.40~0.60g/L, NH
4NO
30.35~0.45g/L, KNO
30.35~0.45g/L, Cobastab
12.00~2.50mg/L, brewer's wort (15.0 Baume) 150~180ml, glutamic acid 0.10~0.20g/L, agar 12.00g/L, the control pH value is 4.0~4.5, and cultivation temperature is 24~26 ℃, secretly cultivates 40~45 days, and mycelia is covered with triangular flask basically;
(5) making of solid state cultivation kind: the original seed mycelium that grows fine more than inciting somebody to action is chosen, and switching is gone in the packed solid culture medium of cultivated species, and the cultivated species medium is: former habitat soil 35~45%, wheat bran 35~45%, sucrose 3.0~3.5%, gypsum 2.0~2.5%, urea 1.0~2.0%, ash 2.5~3.0%, sheep excrement 5~10%, cow dung 5~10%; Above raw material is mixed, and regulating water content is 52~56%, and pH value is 4.0~4.5; Get solid culture medium, it is sub-packed in the plastics strain bag every packed about 700ml; 120 ℃ of sterilization 60min, the cooling back is subsequent use, and cultivation temperature is 24~26 ℃; The dark cultivation 60~70 days, mycelia is covered with culture bag.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt fairly simple medium, make mycelia fast breeding in a short time, its characteristics are following,
(1) medium is simple, production cost is low: several kinds of medium that the present invention uses are all fairly simple; Mother culture media has mainly increased sylvite and inorganic nitrogen on the PDA minimal medium, the enlarged culture base has only added brewer's wort, glutamic acid on the basis of mother culture media; The cultivated species medium mainly utilizes former habitat soil and wheat bran; The cost of three kinds of medium is all very low, and this point is extremely important, and it is related to later production scale and problem such as promotes the use of;
(2) cycle is short: the present invention overcome mycelia on solid culture medium growth rate slowly, be difficult to expand problems such as numerous, cultivation cycle shortens greatly;
(3) be convenient to promote: the solid state cultivation kind of being cultivated is convenient to be promoted and use.
Embodiment
Following examples of implementation are to further specify of the present invention, are not limitations of the present invention.
Instance one:
The open-air slightly plump mature sporophore of shape, cap of good, the no insect pest of growth, not parachute-opening, stem of plucking;
Fruit body is taken back the laboratory, on super-clean bench, use cotton ball soaked in alcohol, dab positions such as cap surface and stem; Remove surperficial silt or soil; Fruit body is divided into two from the cap middle part, gets the interior tissue piece of stem and cap junction, be cut into about 0.20~0.40cm with scalpel
2Fritter;
The small tissue blocks of above cutting is embedded mother culture media surface, test tube slant gently, and mother culture media is: potato 200.00g/L, glucose 20.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
21.00g/L, KH
2PO
40.50g/L, NH
4NO
30.35g/L, KNO
30.35g/L, Cobastab
12.50mg/L, agar 12.00g/L, control pH value be 4.5, cultivation temperature is 26 ℃, secretly cultivates 15 days; The mycelia of a small amount of white of germinating on the basic stitch piece, mycelia are increased gradually and are spherical, cover the basic stitch piece, 35 days; Mycelia is gathered into graininess, little lumps, and color and luster is deepened, and crossfades into light brown;
The mycelium that grows fine in the above test tube is chosen, the medium above rejecting, with its enlarged culture primary surface that embeds the 500ml triangular flask gently, medium is: potato 150.00g/L, glucose 8.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
21.00g/L, KH
2PO
40.50g/L, NH
4NO
30.35g/L, KNO
30.35g/L, Cobastab
12.50mg/L, brewer's wort (15.0 Baume) 180ml, glutamic acid 0.20g/L, agar 12.00g/L, control pH value be 4.5, cultivation temperature is 26 ℃, secretly cultivates 40 days, mycelia is covered with triangular flask basically;
The above original seed mycelium that grows fine is chosen, and switching is gone in the packed solid culture medium of cultivated species, and the cultivated species medium is: former habitat soil 45%, wheat bran 35%, sucrose 3.5%, gypsum 2.5%, urea 1.0%, ash 3.0%, sheep excrement 5%, cow dung 5%; Above raw material is mixed, and regulating water content is 52%, and pH value is 4.5; Get solid culture medium, it is sub-packed in the plastics strain bag every packed about 700ml; 120 ℃ of sterilization 60min, the cooling back is subsequent use, and cultivation temperature is 26 ℃; The dark cultivation 60 days, mycelia is covered with culture bag.
Instance two:
The open-air slightly plump mature sporophore of shape, cap of good, the no insect pest of growth, not parachute-opening, stem of plucking;
Fruit body is taken back the laboratory, on super-clean bench, use cotton ball soaked in alcohol, dab positions such as cap surface and stem; Remove surperficial silt or soil; Fruit body is divided into two from the cap middle part, gets the interior tissue piece of stem and cap junction, be cut into about 0.20~0.40cm with scalpel
2Fritter;
The small tissue blocks of above cutting is embedded mother culture media surface, test tube slant gently, and mother culture media is: potato 200.00g/L, glucose 20.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
20.50g/L, KH
2PO
40.60g/L, NH
4NO
30.45g/L, KNO
30.45g/L, Cobastab
12.00mg/L, agar 12.00g/L, control pH value be 4.5, cultivation temperature is 25 ℃, secretly cultivates 18 days; The mycelia of a small amount of white of germinating on the basic stitch piece, mycelia are increased gradually and are spherical, cover the basic stitch piece, 38 days; Mycelia is gathered into graininess, little lumps, and color and luster is deepened, and crossfades into light brown;
The mycelium enlarged culture: the mycelium that grows fine in the above test tube is chosen, the medium above rejecting, with its enlarged culture primary surface that embeds the 500ml triangular flask gently, medium is: potato 180.00g/L, glucose 10.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
20.50g/L, KH
2PO
40.60g/L, NH
4NO
30.45g/L, KNO
30.45g/L, Cobastab
12.00mg/L, brewer's wort (15.0 Baume) 150ml, glutamic acid 0.15g/L, agar 12.00g/L, control pH value be 4.5, cultivation temperature is 25 ℃, secretly cultivates 45 days, mycelia is covered with triangular flask basically;
The making of solid state cultivation kind: the original seed mycelium that grows fine more than inciting somebody to action is chosen, and switching is gone in the packed solid culture medium of cultivated species, and the cultivated species medium is: former habitat soil 35%, wheat bran 45%, sucrose 3.0%, gypsum 2.0%, urea 1.5%, ash 2.5%, sheep excrement 6%, cow dung 5%; Above raw material is mixed, and regulating water content is 56%, and pH value is 4.5; Get solid culture medium, it is sub-packed in the plastics strain bag every packed about 700ml; 120 ℃ of sterilization 60min, the cooling back is subsequent use, and cultivation temperature is 25 ℃; The dark cultivation 65 days, mycelia is covered with culture bag.
Instance three:
The open-air slightly plump mature sporophore of shape, cap of good, the no insect pest of growth, not parachute-opening, stem of plucking;
Fruit body is taken back the laboratory, on super-clean bench, use cotton ball soaked in alcohol, dab positions such as cap surface and stem; Remove surperficial silt or soil; Fruit body is divided into two from the cap middle part, gets the interior tissue piece of stem and cap junction, be cut into about 0.20~0.40cm with scalpel
2Fritter;
The small tissue blocks of above cutting is embedded mother culture media surface, test tube slant gently, and mother culture media is: potato 200.00g/L, glucose 20.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
20.80g/L, KH
2PO
40.40g/L, NH
4NO
30.40g/L, KNO
30.40g/L, Cobastab
12.20mg/L, agar 12.00g/L, control pH value be 4.0, cultivation temperature is 24 ℃, secretly cultivates 17 days; The mycelia of a small amount of white of germinating on the basic stitch piece, mycelia are increased gradually and are spherical, cover the basic stitch piece, 40 days; Mycelia is gathered into graininess, little lumps, and color and luster is deepened, and crossfades into light brown;
The mycelium that grows fine in the above test tube is chosen, the medium above rejecting, with its enlarged culture primary surface that embeds the 500ml triangular flask gently, medium is: potato 170.00g/L, glucose 9.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
20.80g/L, KH
2PO
40.40g/L, NH
4NO
30.40g/L, KNO
30.40g/L, Cobastab
12.20mg/L, brewer's wort (15.0 Baume) 170ml, glutamic acid 0.10g/L, agar 12.00g/L, control pH value be 4.0, cultivation temperature is 24 ℃, secretly cultivates 42 days, mycelia is covered with triangular flask;
The above original seed mycelium that grows fine is chosen, and switching is gone in the packed solid culture medium of cultivated species, and the cultivated species medium is: former habitat soil 40%, wheat bran 40%, sucrose 3.0%, gypsum 2.0%, urea 2.0%, ash 3.0%, sheep excrement 5%, cow dung 5%; Above raw material is mixed, and regulating water content is 54%, and pH value is 4.0; Get solid culture medium, it is sub-packed in the plastics strain bag every packed about 700ml; 120 ℃ of sterilization 60min, the cooling back is subsequent use, and cultivation temperature is 24 ℃; The dark cultivation 70 days, mycelia is covered with culture bag.
Instance four:
The open-air slightly plump mature sporophore of shape, cap of good, the no insect pest of growth, not parachute-opening, stem of plucking;
Fruit body is taken back the laboratory, on super-clean bench, use cotton ball soaked in alcohol, dab positions such as cap surface and stem; Remove surperficial silt or soil; Fruit body is divided into two from the cap middle part, gets the interior tissue piece of stem and cap junction, be cut into about 0.20~0.40cm with scalpel
2Fritter;
The small tissue blocks of above cutting is embedded mother culture media surface, test tube slant gently, and mother culture media is: potato 200.00g/L, glucose 20.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
21.00g/L, KH
2PO
40.40g/L, NH
4NO
30.45g/L, KNO
30.45g/L, Cobastab
12.00mg/L, agar 12.00g/L, control pH value be 4.2, cultivation temperature is 25 ℃; The dark cultivation 14 days, the mycelia of a small amount of white of germinating on the basic stitch piece, mycelia are increased gradually and are spherical; Cover the basic stitch piece; 37 days, mycelia was gathered into graininess, little lumps, color and luster intensification, crossfades into light brown;
The mycelium that grows fine in the above test tube is chosen, the medium above rejecting, with its enlarged culture primary surface that embeds the 500ml triangular flask gently, medium is: potato 180.00g/L, glucose 10.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
21.00g/L, KH
2PO
40.40g/L, NH
4NO
30.45g/L, KNO
30.45g/L, Cobastab
12.00mg/L, brewer's wort (15.0 Baume) 160ml, glutamic acid 0.20g/L, agar 12.00g/L, control pH value be 4.2, cultivation temperature is 25 ℃, secretly cultivates 44 days, mycelia is covered with triangular flask;
The above original seed mycelium that grows fine is chosen, and switching is gone in the packed solid culture medium of cultivated species, and the cultivated species medium is: former habitat soil 38%, wheat bran 37%, sucrose 3.5%, gypsum 2.5%, urea 1.0%, ash 3.0%, sheep excrement 8%, cow dung 7%; Above raw material is mixed, and regulating water content is 55%, and pH value is 4.2; Get solid culture medium, it is sub-packed in the plastics strain bag every packed about 700ml; 120 ℃ of sterilization 60min, the cooling back is subsequent use, and cultivation temperature is 25 ℃; The dark cultivation 63 days, mycelia is covered with culture bag.
Claims (4)
1. the thick handle chicken of a rare wild edible fungus fir (Termitomyces robustus (Beeli.) Heim) the bacterial classification method of making; It is characterized by, adopt the fruit body of not parachute-opening to induce mycelia, mycelium is optimized enlarged culture; Make its breeding in a large number apace, mainly comprise the following steps:
(1) material chosen: the open-air slightly plump mature sporophore of shape, cap of good, the no insect pest of growth, not parachute-opening, stem of plucking;
(2) sterilization of material and processing: fruit body is taken back the laboratory; On super-clean bench, use cotton ball soaked in alcohol; Dab positions such as cap surface and stem, remove surperficial silt or soil, fruit body is divided into two from the cap middle part; Get the interior tissue piece of stem and cap junction with scalpel, be cut into about 0.20~0.40cm
2Fritter;
(3) mycelium is induced: the small tissue blocks of above cutting is embedded mother culture media surface, test tube slant gently, and cultivation temperature is 24~26 ℃, secretly cultivates 14~18 days; The mycelia of a small amount of white of germinating on the basic stitch piece, mycelia are increased gradually and are spherical, cover the basic stitch piece; 35~40 days; Mycelia is gathered into graininess, little lumps, and color and luster is deepened, and crossfades into light brown;
(4) mycelium enlarged culture: the mycelium that grows fine in the above test tube is chosen; Medium above rejecting embeds the enlarged culture primary surface of 500ml triangular flask gently with it, and cultivation temperature is 24~26 ℃; The dark cultivation 40~45 days, mycelia is covered with triangular flask basically;
(5) making of solid state cultivation kind: the original seed mycelium that grows fine more than inciting somebody to action is chosen, and switching is gone in the packed solid culture medium of cultivated species, and cultivation temperature is 24~26 ℃, secretly cultivates 60~70 days, and mycelia is covered with culture bag.
2. collybia albuminosa kind preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the mother culture media in the step (3) is: potato 200.00g/L, glucose 20.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
20.50~1.00g/L, KH
2PO
40.40~0.60g/L, NH
4NO
30.35~0.45g/L, KNO
30.35~0.45g/L, Cobastab
12.00~2.50mg/L, agar 12.00g/L, the control pH value is 4.0~4.5.
3. collybia albuminosa kind preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the enlarged culture base in the step (4) is: potato 150.00~180.00g/L, glucose 8.00~10.00g/L, MgSO
41.00g/L, CaCl
20.50~1.00g/L, KH
2PO
40.40~0.60g/L, NH
4NO
30.35~0.45g/L, KNO
30.35~0.45g/L, Cobastab
12.00~2.50mg/L, brewer's wort (15.0 Baume) 150~180ml, glutamic acid 0.10~0.20g/L, agar 12.00g/L, the control pH value is 4.0~4.5.
4. collybia albuminosa kind preparation method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the cultivated species medium in the step (5) is: former habitat soil 35~45%, wheat bran 35~45%, sucrose 3.0~3.5%, gypsum 2.0~2.5%, urea 1.0~2.0%, ash 2.5~3.0%, sheep excrement 5~10%, cow dung 5~10%, above raw material is mixed, regulating water content is 52~56%; PH value is 4.0~4.5; Get solid culture medium, it is sub-packed in the plastics strain bag every packed about 700ml; 120 ℃ of sterilization 60min, the cooling back is subsequent use.
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CN102696404A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-10-03 | 云南大学 | Optimized culturing method for promoting growth of Amanitaflavipes mycelia |
CN103172446A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-06-26 | 浙江大学 | Fluid nutrient medium for large-scale cultivation of termitomyces albuminosus mycelium and application thereof |
CN104744174A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-01 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Termite mushroom mother strain culture medium taking coix straws as raw material and preparation method of termite mushroom mother strain culture medium |
CN105474995A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-13 | 镇江盛弘景观植物有限公司 | Cultivation and domestication method of wild collybia albuminosa |
CN106316654A (en) * | 2016-09-24 | 2017-01-11 | 云南福保农业科技开发有限公司 | Oudemansiella raphanipes liquid strain culture medium and preparation method thereof |
CN107299063A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-10-27 | 云南清湖山色农业科技有限公司 | Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin liquid spawn preparation method |
CN110024622A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-19 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of preparation method by macro fungi fructification switching strain |
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Cited By (9)
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CN102696404A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-10-03 | 云南大学 | Optimized culturing method for promoting growth of Amanitaflavipes mycelia |
CN103172446A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-06-26 | 浙江大学 | Fluid nutrient medium for large-scale cultivation of termitomyces albuminosus mycelium and application thereof |
CN103172446B (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-06-18 | 浙江大学 | Fluid nutrient medium for large-scale cultivation of termitomyces albuminosus mycelium and application thereof |
CN104744174A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-01 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Termite mushroom mother strain culture medium taking coix straws as raw material and preparation method of termite mushroom mother strain culture medium |
CN105474995A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-13 | 镇江盛弘景观植物有限公司 | Cultivation and domestication method of wild collybia albuminosa |
CN106316654A (en) * | 2016-09-24 | 2017-01-11 | 云南福保农业科技开发有限公司 | Oudemansiella raphanipes liquid strain culture medium and preparation method thereof |
CN107299063A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-10-27 | 云南清湖山色农业科技有限公司 | Termitomyces albuminosus with black skin liquid spawn preparation method |
CN107299063B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2021-02-19 | 云南清湖山色农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of black-skin termitomyces liquid strain |
CN110024622A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-19 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of preparation method by macro fungi fructification switching strain |
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